新人教版必修一高中英語(yǔ)-unit4閱讀理解自然災(zāi)難篇專(zhuān)題突破及答案

專(zhuān)題突破-Unit4閱讀理解（自然災(zāi)難篇）閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEarthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous(多山的).ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain1976.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChina,inwhich830,000peoplewerekilled.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforthem.(1)Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.peoplearenotafraidofearthquakesB.onlystrongearthquakeskillalargenumberofpeopleC.alargenumberofearthquakesoftenhappennexttomountainsD.earthquakeshappenonlyinafewplacesalongthecoast(2)HowmanypeoplediedintheearthquakewhichhappenedinPortugalin1755?A.500.B.140,000.C.830,000.D.About2,000.(3)Whenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverreported?A.1964;Alaska.B.1556;China.C.1923;Japan.D.1979;China.(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thestrongertheearthquakeis,themorepeoplearekilled.B.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly.C.Earthquakescancausefires.D.Peoplestilldon’tknowwhenanearthquakewillcome.答案：(1)-(4)CDBA解析：(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句可A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;從文章有關(guān)地震所致傷亡情況的敘述來(lái)看,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第一段的“Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous(多山的).”可答案為C項(xiàng)。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.”可答案。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可答案。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.”可,A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B“Earthquake!”Thewordflashedinmybrain.Aroaringsoundfilledmyears.Itriedtoslidebeneathmydesk.Thedeskdidawildtapdance,slippingandslidingtowardsthecentreoftheroom.Itwistedmybodyandgrabbedatthewindowsillbehindme,somehowkickingfreeofmydancingchair.Itriedtostand.Mylegsskatedawayasifonabuckingescalator.Myfingersshook,graspedandheldthewindowsilltightly.Somewherethroughtheroarsoundedtheterrifiedscreamofsomewoundedanimal.Ilookedbehindmeandtriedtosteadymygazeontheotherkidsbutthescenewasadizzynightmare.Someoftheclassweresittinginthemiddleoftheroom,surroundedbychairsanddesks.Onegirlwasscreaming.Aboywastryingtoclawhiswayacrossthefloortothedoorinacrazyoverarmcrawl.Mygripfrozemetothewindowsill.Icriedaloud,“I’mgoingtodie.I’mgoingtodie.Saveme.I’mnotreadytodie.I’mnotready!”Ihunchedforwardonmykneesandpressedmyfaceagainstmyclenchedfingers.Ilookedatthebacksofmyfingersandstupidlynoticedthefragilepalehairsgrowingoutofthepores.Thefingerswouldsoonceasetoexist.Somehowtheimpendinghorrorofmydeathwastooterribletoevencryabout.Suddenly,Ibecameawarethattherockinghadceased.PerhapsIwasn’tgoingtodie.(5)Theroaringsoundwasmadeby________.A.awoundedanimal B.peoplescreamingC.childrenrunning D.anearthquake(6)Whenthenarratorclencheshisfingersheis________.A.afraidB.angryC.injuredD.impatient(7)Paragraph2describesthe________.A.injuriessufferedbythenarratorB.effectsofabadnightmareC.disorderintheclassroomD.narrator’sfearofdeath(8)Attheendofthepassagethereisafeelingof________.A.panic B.hopeC.sorrowD.excitement答案：(5)-(8)DACB解析：(5)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章,作者在文章中談到的現(xiàn)象,還有一些響聲都是來(lái)描述地震的。(6)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章中我們得當(dāng)描述者握緊手指時(shí)他非常害怕。(7)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段中所提到的孩子、桌子、椅子、屋子等均可說(shuō)明這地方是教室。(8)推理判斷題。從文章最后一句“PerhapsIwasn’tgoingtodie.”,我們可以看出他有希望了。CNowmanyyoungpeoplearetravellingaroundtheworldontheirown,notbecausetheyhavenoonetotravelwith,butbecausetheyprefertogoalone.KristinaWegscheiderfromCaliforniafirsttravelledalonewhenshewasatcollegeandbelievedthatitwassomethingeveryoneshoulddoatleastonceintheirlife.“Itopensupyourmindtonewthingsandpushesyououtofyourcomfortzone.”Wegscheiderhasvisited46countriescoveringallsevencontinents.Inforeigncountries,withnoonetohelpyoureadamap,lookafteryouifyougetill,orlendyoumoneyifyourwalletisstolen,itischallenging.Thisiswhatdrivesyoungpeopletotravelalone.Itisseenascharacterbuildingandachancetoprovethattheycanmakeitontheirown.ChrisRichardsondecidedtoleavehissalesjobinAustraliatogotravellinglastyear.Hesetupawebsite,TheAussieNomad,todocumenthisadventures.Hesayshewishedhehadtraveledaloneearlier.“Thepeopleyoumeet,theplacesyouvisit,orthethingsyoudo,everythingisuptoyouanditforcesyoutogrowasaperson,”saidthe30-year-old.Richardsondescribestravelingalonelike“ashotinthearm”,which“makesyouamoreconfidentpersonthatisreadytodealwithanything”.Hesaid,“ThefeelingofhavingconqueredsomethingonmyownisamajorpartofwhatdrivesmeeachdaywhenI’mdealingwithadifficulttask.IwalkaroundwithmyheadupbecauseIknowdeepdowninsidethatnothingisimpossibleifyoutry.”Thegreat19thcenturyexplorerJohnMuironcesaid,“Onlybygoingaloneinsilencecanonetrulygetintotheheartofthewilderness.”(9)WhichofthefollowingwillKristinaWegscheideragreewith?A.Travellingaloneisanecessaryexperienceforeveryone.B.Itismoremeaningfultotravelinforeigncountries.C.Itiscomfortabletotravelaroundwithoutafriend.D.Travellingabroadhelpspeopletofindnewthings.(10)Travellingaloneischallengingbecause________.A.youhavetomakethingsonyourownB.itishardforyoutoproveyourselftoothersC.youdependonyourselfwhateverhappensD.itwillfinallybuildyourcharacter(11)WhatcanweinferaboutChrisRichardson?A.Hestartedtravellingatanearlyage.B.Hewasonceshotinthearm.C.Heusedtoworkasasalesman.D.Hiswebsiteinspiredothersalot.(12)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TravelAbroadB.TravelUnaccompaniedC.TravelLightD.TravelWideandFar答案：(11)-(12)ACCB解析：(9)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“itwassomethingeveryoneshoulddo”可答案為A項(xiàng)。(10)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第一句話：在國(guó)外,沒(méi)有人幫你看地圖,你生病的時(shí)候沒(méi)有人照顧你,你錢(qián)包被偷的時(shí)候沒(méi)有人借錢(qián)給你,這些都是有挑戰(zhàn)性的。因此C項(xiàng)正確。(11)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第一句話可A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第五段的第一句話可B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,文章中用的是比喻,而不是胳膊上真中了一槍;D項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有涉及,故C項(xiàng)正確。(12)主旨大意題。文章介紹了單獨(dú)旅行的好處、挑戰(zhàn)及感受。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“travellingaroundtheworldontheirown”以及下文多次出現(xiàn)的alone一詞可,B項(xiàng)適合當(dāng)作文章標(biāo)題,其中unaccompanied“無(wú)人陪伴的”與alone同義。DKrakatauVolcano(克拉克托火山)isinasmallislandinIndonesia.Ithadbeenpeacefulforabout200yearsbeforeiterupted(爆發(fā))in1883.ThefirstsignsoftheactivityofthevolcanoappearedinMay1883,whenfireandsmokecouldbeseenatthetopofthemountain.GreatnoisecouldbeheardeveninJakartaahundredmilesaway.Latertheactivitygrewmuchgreater.Thepeak(山頂)wascoveredwithsmokeandfire;thesmokeatonetimewasseventeenmileshighintheair.Thelava—softandhotrock—shotupintotheairandrolleddownthesidesofthemountain.Themouthofthevolcanowasnotatthepeakofthemountainbutonitsside,closetothesea.Asitgrewbiggerandbiggerwiththeeruption,theseawatergotintoit.Whentheseawaterreachedthelavainsidethevolcano,itmadetheupperpartofthelavacolderandharder.Andthissealedoff(封住)therestofthelavabelow.Astheinsideofthelavacouldnotbreakthroughtheseal,thepressure(壓力)builtupuntilthemountainblewup.Theeruptionofthevolcanowasfollowedbyseveralearthquakeswhichbroughtaboutbadresult.About36,000peoplewerekilledandmanytownsandvillagesneartheseawerecompletelydestroyedbythegreatwaveswhichtheearthquakecaused.(13)Givethecorrectorderofthecourseofvolcanoeruption.①Thepeakwascoveredwithsmokeandfire.②Fireandsmokecouldbeseenatthetopofthemountain.③Greatnoisecouldbeheardahundredmilesaway.④Thelavashotintotheairandrolleddownthesidesofthemountain.A.①②③④ B.①③②④C.②③①④ D.④①③②(14)Whatmadethevolcanoerupt?A.Theseawaterwhichwentintothevolcano.B.Thelava.C.Thepressurewhichwasbiggerandbigger.D.Alloftheabove.(15)Whereisthemouthofthevolcano?A.Atthepeakofthemountain.B.Onthesideofthemountainnearthesea.C.Atthefootofthemountain.D.Insidethemountain.答案：(13)-(15)CDB解析：(13)推理判斷題。文章第二段講述了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(14)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。火山爆發(fā)是A、B、C三項(xiàng)共同作用的結(jié)果,并非由其中的一項(xiàng)原因即可爆發(fā)。(15)細(xì)節(jié)考查題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話“Themouthofthevolcanowasnotatthepeakofthemountainbutonitsside,closetothesea.”來(lái)斷定答案為B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（16）________Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyourownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyou’rethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub.（17）________Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.Nextyouneedsomefriendsto