英語(yǔ)新外研必修二講義MODULE2SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTIONREADING-PREREADING

1．Quittingsmokingattheageof65orolderreducesbynearlyhalfaperson'sriskofdyingfromasmoking-relateddisease.2．Theriskofdyingfromlungcancerisabout12timeshigheramongwomenwhosmokecigarettesparedwithwomenwhoneversmoke.3．Unlikemanyotherhealthconditionsordiseases,youhavetheabilitytopreventyourselffromsufferingfromsmoking-relatedillnessesordeaths.Thebenefitsofnotsmokingstartafterafewdaysofquitting.4．Womenwhosmokehavemoreheartattacks,cancersandlungproblems.5．Teenswhosmokearemorelikelythanteenswhodon'tsmoketousealcoholanddrugs.Smokingisalsorelatedtosomeotherriskybehaviours,suchasfightingandlying.6．Thethreeleadingsmoking-relatedcausesofdeathinwomenarelungcancer,heartdiseaseandchronic(慢性的)lungdisease.7．Second-handsmokecausesupto300,000lunginfections(感染)ininfants(嬰幼兒)andyoungchildreneveryyear.8．Second-handsmokecausescoughing,coldsandasthma(哮喘)attacks.Fromtheabovewecanknowhowharmfulitistosmoke.Butdoyouknowtakingdrugsisveryharmfulaswell?AndIthinkyou'llbelievemeafterlearningthismoduleaboutadrugaddict—AdamRouse.Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre-reading[原文呈現(xiàn)]Article1MynameisAdamRouse.I'm19yearsoldandIusedto①beadrug②addict③.IfirststartedusingdrugswhenIwas15.Iboughtcannabis④fromamaninthestreet.Icontinuedtobuycannabisfromthesamemanforaboutsixmonths.Oneday,heofferedmesomecrack⑤cocaine⑥.Article2Cocaineisapowerfully⑦addictive⑧drug.Somedrugusersinject⑨cocaine,otherssmokeit.Bothwaysaredangerous.Userswhoinjectthedrugarealsoinmoredanger⑩iftheyshare?needles?withotherusers.[讀文清障]①u(mài)sedto過(guò)去經(jīng)?！?，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。②drug/dr?g/n．；藥品③addict/'?dIkt/n．對(duì)(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子④cannabis/'k?n?bIs/n．大麻⑤offersb.⑥cocaine/k??'keIn/n．可卡因⑦powerful/'pa??fl/adj.有力的；(藥等)有效的⑧addictive/?'dIktIv/adj.(藥物等)上癮的⑨inject/In'd?ekt/vt.注射⑩danger/'deInd??/n．危急indanger處于危急中?share...withsb.與某人共享……?needle/'ni?dl/n．(注射用的)針；針管文章1我叫亞當(dāng)·勞斯。我19歲，曾經(jīng)是個(gè)癮君子。15歲時(shí)我開(kāi)頭嘗試。我從街上一個(gè)男人手中購(gòu)置大麻。大約有六個(gè)月我始終從這個(gè)人手里買(mǎi)大麻。一天，他給了我一些強(qiáng)效純可卡因。文章2可卡因是一種極簡(jiǎn)單使人上癮的。有些使用者注射可卡因，有些那么吸入體內(nèi)。兩種途徑都很危急。假如那些注射的人和其他使用者共用針頭的話，他們會(huì)處在更大的危急中。1Crackcocaineisthemostaddictiveformofcocaine.Usersbeeaddictedto?crackcocainemuchmoreeasilyiftheysmokeit.Smokingallowscocainetoreach?thebrainveryquickly.2WhenIwentbacktothemanagain,Iwantedmorecrackcocaine.Butheaskedmeforalotofmoney.Ididn'thaveenoughmoneysohedidn'tgivemeanydrugs.Iwasinterriblepain?.3Thenextday,Ibrokeinto?ahouseandstole?atelevisionandavideorecorder.Itookthemtothedrugdealer?.Hetoldmetotakethemtoashopinanearbystreet?.Themanintheshopgavemesomemoney.Itookthemoneytothedrugdealerandhegavemesomemorecrackcocaine.?beeaddictedto對(duì)……上癮；沉迷于，其中bee亦可用be或get替換?allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事?painn．苦痛；苦痛inpain處于苦痛中painfuladj.苦痛的；苦痛的?breakinto破門(mén)而入；強(qiáng)行闖入?stealvt.偷，竊steal...from...從……偷……?drugdealer毒販?nearby/?nI?'baI/adj.四周的inanearbystreet是shop的定語(yǔ)。1強(qiáng)效純可卡因是最能讓人上癮的一種可卡因。使用者假如直接吸入體內(nèi)的話，會(huì)更簡(jiǎn)單上癮。吸入的方式可以讓可卡因很快進(jìn)入大腦。2當(dāng)我再回到那個(gè)男人那兒的時(shí)候，我想要更多的強(qiáng)效純可卡因。但他向我要許多的錢(qián)。我的錢(qián)不夠，所以他就不給我了。我苦痛得要命。3其次天，我闖進(jìn)一戶(hù)人家，偷了一臺(tái)電視機(jī)和一臺(tái)錄像機(jī)。我把它們帶給那個(gè)販毒的人。他告知我把它們送到四周一條街的一家商店里。店里的人給了我一些錢(qián)。我把錢(qián)給了販毒者，他又給了我一些強(qiáng)效純可卡因。4Usingcocaineincreasestheuser'sheartrate?andbloodpressureeq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).Asaresulteq\o(○,\s\up1(22))，cocaineuserssometimeshaveheartattackseq\o(○,\s\up1(23)).Smokingcrackcocainealsocausesanti-socialeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))behaviour.5Bythistime,Iwasaddictedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))crackcocaine.IfIdidn'thaveanydrugs,Iwasinterriblepain.AndIhadtostealsomethingeverydaytopayforthedrugseq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).Oneday,thepolicetookmetothepolicestation.6Thenextday,adoctorcametoseeme.HetoldmethatIcoulddieifIdidn'tstoptakingeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))crackcocaine,soItookhisadviceeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))andstoppedimmediately.NowIworkinacentrefordrugaddicts,helpingotherstostoptakingdrugseq\o(○,\s\up1(29)).?heartrate心率eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))bloodpressure血壓eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))asaresult結(jié)果eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))heartattack心臟病eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))anti-socialadj.反社會(huì)的Smokingcrackcocaine為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))beaddictedto對(duì)……上癮eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))payfor支付……的費(fèi)用topayforthedrugs為不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))takeone'sadvice聽(tīng)某人的意見(jiàn)followone'sadvice聽(tīng)某人的意見(jiàn)ask(sb.)foradvice征求(某人)建議eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))helpingothers...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。4使用可卡因會(huì)加快使用者的心率并使血壓上升。所以可卡因使用者有時(shí)會(huì)患心臟病。吸食強(qiáng)效純可卡因還會(huì)引起反社會(huì)的行為。5到此時(shí)我已經(jīng)對(duì)強(qiáng)效純可卡因上了癮。要是我不使用任何，就會(huì)難過(guò)極了。我不得不每天行竊以購(gòu)置。有一天，警察把我?guī)У搅司炀帧?其次天，一位醫(yī)生來(lái)看我。他告知我假如我不停止吸食強(qiáng)效純可卡因我就可能會(huì)死，因此我聽(tīng)取了他的建議，馬上戒毒了?，F(xiàn)在我在一家戒毒中心工作，關(guān)心其他人戒毒。Pre-readingPleasematchthefollowingwordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．a(chǎn)ddictiveA．a(chǎn)dj.有力的；(藥等)有成效的2．reduce B．vt.注射3．drugC．n.危急4．cancer D．a(chǎn)dj.四周的5．cigaretteE．n.癌癥6．nearbyF．n.香煙7．dangerG．n.；藥品8．injectH．vt.削減，縮減9．needleI．n.(注射用的)針；針管10．powerfulJ．a(chǎn)dj.(藥物等)上癮的1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5JHGEF6～10DCBIALead-inMatchtheinformationwiththefollowingpictures.A．cannabisB．destroyingdrugsC．keepawayfromdrugsandcherishourlifeD．tobaccoE．cocaineF．ChinaNationalNarcoticControlmission答案：1～6DAEFBCWhile-readingFast-readingSkimthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.1．Paragraph1A．Smokingcocainecancausemany2．Paragraph2B．Iwasaddictedtodrugs.3．Paragraph3C．Ihadnomoneytobuy4．Paragraph4D．Istoppedtakingcocaine.5．Paragraph5E．Abriefintroductionaboutcrackcocaine.6．Paragraph6F．Ibrokeintoahouseandstole1～6____________答案：1～6ECFABDCareful-reading(Ⅰ)Readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．WhendidAdamRousebegintousedrugs?He_began_to_use_drugs_when_he_was_15.2．WhydidAdamstealsomethingeveryday?He_stole_something_every_day_to_pay_for_the_drugs.3．Whatdoeshedonow?Now_he_works_in_a_centre_for_drug_addicts,_helping_others_to_stop_taking_drugs.(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．Usersbeeaddictedtocrackcocainemoreeasilyiftheysmokeitbecause________.A．crackcocaineisthemostaddictiveformofcocaineB．smokingismucheasierthaninjectionC．smokingallowscocainetoreachthebrainveryquicklyD．crackcocaineismuchcheaperthanotherdrugs2．FromAdamRouse'sstory,welearnthat________.A．thoughcocaineisaddictive,youcangiveitupifyouwanttoB．cannabishasthesamedangersascrackcocaineC．onceyoubeeaddictedtodrugs,you'llnevergetawayfromthemD．AdamRousedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadvice3．WhydidthatmanofferAdamsomecrackcocaine?A．ToseeAdaminterriblepain.B．TosendAdamtothepolicestation.C．TomakemoremoneyfromAdam.D．TofindajobinacentreforAdam.4．Thewritertellsusthedangeroftakingdrugsbymeansof________.A．introducingtheharmofcocaineB．tellinghisownterribleexperiencesC．paringcannabisandcrackcocaineD．describingthecrueltyofdrugdealers.答案：1～4CACBStudy-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Userswhoinjectthedrugarealsoinmoredangeriftheyshareneedleswithotherusers.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]假如那些注射的人和其他使用者共用針頭的話，他們會(huì)處在更大的危急中。2.HetoldmethatIcoulddieifIdidn'tstoptakingcrackcocaine,soItookhisadviceandstoppedimmediately.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]他告知我假如我不停止吸食強(qiáng)效純可卡因我就可能會(huì)死，因此我聽(tīng)取了他的建議，馬上戒毒了。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AParents,you'veworkedhardtoteachthemostimportantlifelessonstoyourlittleones.Youaskthemtosay“please〞and“thankyou〞，youremindthemtoeatwithaknifeandfork,andyounever,everletthempicktheirnoseinpublic.Butthere'soneimportantlessonthatyoumightbeforgetting—andit'snothingyoucancoverinasimpleconversation.AccordingtoanewstudyinthejournalScience,babiesreceivemorethangenetics(基因)fromtheirparents.Theycanalsogetcertaingoodqualities,suchaspersistence(堅(jiān)持不懈),bywatchinghowadultsbehave.ResearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologysaythatbabieswhowatchedanadultstruggle(努力)withandthentriumph_oversomethingweremorelikelytoshowpersistencethemselveswhengivenanewtask.TheteamatMITstudied262babiesbetweentheagesof13and18months.Theyplacedtheminoneofthreesituations.Inthefirstone,theleadresearcherstruggledwithtwodifferenttoys'problemsbeforesolvingthem,lettingthebabywatchwhileshedidso.Thesecondtime,theresearchersolvedtheproblemsbutdidnotstrugglewiththem.Andforthethirdscene,shedidnotdoanything.Aftereachscene,theresearcherleftasmallmusicaltoywiththechild.Sheshowedthebabythatitcouldplaymusicbutdidnotteachthemhowtoturniton.Thebabieswhohadwatchedtheresearcherstrugglediscoveredandpressedthetoy'sbutton(按鈕)amuchgreaternumberoftimesthanthoseinthelasttwogroups.Inotherwords,thebabiesdidnotcopywhattheyhadwatched;theylearnednottogiveup,instead.Now,theresearchersareinterestedinfindingwhichwaysoftalkingwithbabiesinfluencethemthemost.Theyalsohopetoknowiftheresultscanworkintherealworld,aswellaswhetherthelessonofpersistencemightlastintoadulthood.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。討論發(fā)覺(jué)，嬰兒可以從父母那里學(xué)到堅(jiān)持不懈的好品質(zhì)。)1．Whatimportantlessonmightparentsforget?A．Askingtheirkidstobepolite.B．Settinganexamplefortheirkids.C．Teachingtheirkidsgoodtablemanners.D．Usingproperwordsinfrontoftheirkids.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“it'snothingyoucancoverinasimpleconversation〞及其次段中的“Theycanalsogetcertaingoodqualities,suchaspersistence,bywatchinghowadultsbehave.〞可知，父母往往忽視的是自己以身作那么的作用。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“triumphover〞inParagraph2mean?A．Succeedat. B．Lookat.C．Searchfor. D．Carefor.解析：選A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)其次段中的“babieswhowatchedanadult...whengivenanewtask〞可知，孩子看到家長(zhǎng)努力做一件事并獲得勝利后會(huì)在接受新任務(wù)時(shí)表現(xiàn)出這種堅(jiān)持不懈的品質(zhì)。3．Whatdidthestudymainlyshow?A．Babiesfinisheddifficulttasksthroughcopying.B．Babieslearnedthevalueofpersistence.C．Kidslearnedmostfromtheirparents.D．Kidsaresmarterthanwethought.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Inotherwords...theylearnednottogiveup,instead.〞可知，嬰兒可以通過(guò)觀看學(xué)到堅(jiān)持不懈的品質(zhì)。4．Whatwilltheresearchersmakeanefforttodo?A．Knowtheinfluenceofsocietyonbehaviors.B．Helpparentsgetalongwiththeirkids.C．Puttheresearchresultsintopractice.D．Learnmoreaboutbabies'language.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Theyalsohopetoknowiftheresultscanworkintherealworld〞可知，討論人員盼望把討論結(jié)果運(yùn)用到實(shí)際生活中去。BDrugshaveforyearsbeenoneofthenumberonedestroyersofpeople'slives,aswellastheirfamilies.Peoplewhodothesedrugsmightnotevenrealisethatwhatthey'redoinghaschangedthelivesofnotonlythemselves,butofthepeopleclosesttothemintheirlives.Peopleondrugshaveusuallybeeaddictedbecauseofthefactthatthey'veuseddrugsinthepastandhavealwaysuseddrugstodealwiththeirproblems.Finally,theyhavenootherwaytodealwiththeirproblemsandgotootherdrugstodealwiththefeelingscausedbytheselifeproblems.Thereareseveralwaystodoawaywithdrugaddiction.Thefirststep,asI'msureyouhaveheardhundredsoftimes,istorealisethatthere'saproblem.Iftherearepeopleinyourlifetakingdrugs,you'llneedtoletthemknowthatit'shurtingmorethanjustthemselves.Onceyou'vegottenthemtorealisethis,ifpossible,you'llneedtohelpthem.You'llneedawaytoworkouttheproblemsthatpullthemtowardsdrugs,ortocreatesomethingelsethatwillkeepthesepeopleawayfromdrugs.Sometimesotherdrugsareinline.Forexample,mostheavydrinkersareaffectedbydepression(抑郁癥).Over40%ofAmericansareaffectedbydepression,andover60%ofthemalepopulationofthesepeoplehaveturnedtowardsdrinkingtodealwiththeirproblemsrelatedtodepression.Thisgreatlyincreasesthechancesofabuse(虐待),aswellasmanyotherhorribleeffectsofalcohol.Whensomeonebeesaddictedtoanydrug,you'llneedtodealwithitimmediately.It'sbettertodealwiththeproblembeforeitturnsintoonewhichcannotbecontrolled.Thebestthingyoucandoforyourselfistogethelpfromanyoneelseorthepeoplewithinyourfamilybeforeyouturntoanydrugs.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要警示人們要熟悉到的危害并盡早關(guān)心別人擺脫。5．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthoseaddictedtodrugs________.A．a(chǎn)remainlyheavydrinkersorheavysmokersB．havemoreproblemsthanotherstodealwithC．a(chǎn)reusedtousingdrugstodealwithproblemsD．don'tknowhowtogethelpfromtheirfamilies解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知，對(duì)上癮的人總是通過(guò)吸毒來(lái)解決問(wèn)題，即“他們習(xí)慣了通過(guò)吸毒來(lái)解決問(wèn)題〞。6．Whatshouldyoudofirsttohelpsomeonedealwithdrugaddiction?A．Lethimknowthatdrugaddictionisharmful.B．Helphimgetawayfromdepression.C．Keephimawayfromalcohol.D．Createsomethinginteresting.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終兩句可知，首先要讓他熟悉到毒癮是有害的。7．Accordingtothepassage,someAmericanmenwouldliketodrinkprobablybecause________.A．theyleadahardlifeB．theyareabusedathomeC．theirchildrenarenaughtyD．theywanttodealwiththeirproblems解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第三句可知，有些男人飲酒是由于他們想解決與抑郁癥有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。8．Whatdoestheauthormainlyadviseustodointhelastparagraph?A．Bealwaysreadytohelpothers.B．Enjoythehelpfromourfamilymembers.C．Keepawayfrombadhabitsandillfeelings.D．Helpothersbreakawayfromdrugsasearlyaswecan.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的關(guān)鍵詞immediately和該段其次句可知，本段中作者主要建議我們盡早關(guān)心別人擺脫。CInternetaddiction(上癮),intoday'sworld,issomonthatsomeofyoumaynotevenconsideritaddiction.WhiletheInternethaslotsofbenefits,itcanalsobadlyaffecttheusers'mindandhealth.UnderstandinghowtogetoveryourInternetaddictioncanhelpyouleadahealthylife.Developahobby.DevelopingahobbyhelpskeepyourmindofftheInternet.Infact,ifyouhaveahobby,thechancesofgettingaddictedtotheInternetreducegreatly.Learningtoplayaninstrument,painting,singing,dancing,etc.,canbeofgreathelptokeepyouinapositive(樂(lè)觀的)state.Whenyouaredoingsomethingyoureallylove,yourmindbeesrelaxedandmorefocused(集中精力的).AhobbywillnotonlyhelpyougetoveryourInternetaddictionbutalsochangeyourlifeattitude.Usereferencebooks(工具書(shū))．Thesedays,moststudentsmakeuseofInternetresourcestodohomework.However,usingready-madenotestodoyourhomeworkwillnotonlymakeyoulazyandaddictedtotheInternet,butalsostopyoufromdevelopingyouranalytical(分析的)ability.Studentsmustbeencouragedtodotheirhomeworkusingreferencebooks.TheprocessofreadingandanalyzinginformationhelpssharpentheirmindandkeepthemfromgettingaddictedtotheInternet.____________GoingtobedearlyisoneofthemosteffectivewaysofgettingoverInternetaddiction.Oncewegetintothehabitofsleepinglate,wewillsearchforthingstodoonline.Bygoingtobedearly,youcangetoverthisaddictionandkeepyourmindandbodyinahealthystate.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文作者給出三條戒除網(wǎng)癮的建議。)9．TheauthorbelievesthatInternetaddiction________.A．willdisappearnaturallyB．isseldomseennowadaysC．isaproblemthatcanbesolvedD．isofgreatbenefittosomepeople解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“UnderstandinghowtogetoveryourInternetaddictioncanhelpyouleadahealthylife.〞可知，作者認(rèn)為網(wǎng)癮是可以戒掉的。10．Accordingtothepassage,usingreferencebookscan________.A．helpstudentsrelaxB．savestudentsmoretimeC．improvestudents'abilityD．providestudentswithready-madenotes解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)作者給出的其次條建議可知，同學(xué)們?cè)趯?xiě)作業(yè)時(shí)過(guò)于依靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)不僅會(huì)讓他們變得懶散，而且還會(huì)阻礙他們分析力量的開(kāi)展。相反，使用工具書(shū)可以讓他們的思維在查找信息和分析信息的過(guò)程中變得更加敏銳，故可以提高同學(xué)的力量。11．Whatcanbeputintotheblankinthepassage?A．Getridofbadhabits.B．Haveagoodsleepinghabit.C．Keepyourmindandbodyhealthy.D．SurftheInternetonlyinthedaytime.解析：選B段落大意題。作者在第三條建議中建議養(yǎng)成良好的睡眠習(xí)慣。每天早睡既可以削減上網(wǎng)的時(shí)間，又可以保持健康，由此可知B項(xiàng)是本段的段落大意。12．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．showhowtousetheInternetproperlyB．discussthebadeffectsofInternetaddictionC．explainwhypeoplehaveInternetaddictionD．giveadviceongettingoverInternetaddiction解析：選D寫(xiě)作意圖題。本文中作者主要給出三條戒除網(wǎng)癮的建議。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Findingmotivation(動(dòng)機(jī)),especiallystudymotivation,isnotalwayseasy.__1__Herearesomewaysofdoingit：Offeryourselfencouragement.Yes,youshouldgiveyourselfaprizeorsomekindofrewardwhenyou'vedoneatask.__2__Remember,youhavetoknowtheexactconditions