中考英語重難點(diǎn)題型講解訓(xùn)練12閱讀理解之綜合拓展

中考英語重難點(diǎn)題型講解訓(xùn)練專題12閱讀理解之綜合拓展

Part1考情分析

中考英語“閱讀理解”題主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力。很多同學(xué)在做題時(shí)常常有一種

“讀得懂做不對(duì)”的感覺。那么有必要對(duì)閱讀理解這種題型及其解題技巧作一些簡要的分析。

首先，中考試題中的閱讀文章題材多樣（涉及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史、地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)

等各個(gè)方面），體裁形式豐富（包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文以及新聞報(bào)道、廣告、通知、操作說明、

表格等），這就需要考生在平時(shí)對(duì)各方面的文章都有所訓(xùn)練，迎合中考命題趨勢(shì)。

其次，閱讀理解主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力，對(duì)書面語言的理解能力，尤其是獲取

信息的能力。在閱讀技巧上，考生要了解文章的個(gè)別詞或句子、文章的某細(xì)節(jié)或情節(jié)、文章的主題、文章

的背景知識(shí)、文章的結(jié)論或結(jié)局、文章內(nèi)涵的寓意等。

Part2解題思路I.先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會(huì)心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。

2.快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時(shí)間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再

把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時(shí)，不要忙于答題。

3.細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1）抓住四個(gè)“W"和一個(gè)"H",就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把What（事件），When（時(shí)間），Where（地點(diǎn)），

Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題

便可解決。

2）抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因?yàn)檫@些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，

指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對(duì)考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物

心理，推斷作者意圖，進(jìn)行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點(diǎn)，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3）注意領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的寓意。

4）根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細(xì)審題，領(lǐng)會(huì)測(cè)試要求，確定解題方法。對(duì)那些明顯的，有把握的題

可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個(gè)答案再作推敲而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），

迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。

3）重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對(duì)答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時(shí)間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題

思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對(duì)所做答案進(jìn)一步審查，推出未解答的題，以

便減少失誤。

Part2常見題型

1.主旨大意題

閱讀理解是對(duì)整個(gè)文章的目的、意圖、觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)、態(tài)度以及內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，而不是斷章取

義的一孔之見，所以統(tǒng)覽全篇和問題是很有必要的，這些問題會(huì)給你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要細(xì)

節(jié)。在統(tǒng)覽全篇的同時(shí)要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主題句，因?yàn)橐恍╋@性的答案是可以從主題句中

直接回答，而隱性的答案則是要通過對(duì)全篇的理解才能得出。

主題句一般具有以下特征：

①概括全段思想。

②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用單詞、短語表達(dá)的。

③解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識(shí)、

背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)隱的信息。

主旨題常見的命題形式：

①Themainideaofthistextmaybe...........

②Thispassageismainlyabout...........

③Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext...........

?Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

⑤Whafsthetopicofthetext?

@Thepassagegivesusis........

2.推斷題

這種題目有一定難度，往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而必須根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ?/p>

文章進(jìn)行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時(shí)甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)、意圖、語氣等弦外之音、文

外之意加以推理，這些題目一般都是深層意義的題目，他們沒有明示，大多數(shù)屬于模糊性的，甚至是模棱

兩可。解答這類題時(shí)，要求同學(xué)予以高度重視注意從話題出發(fā)，充分運(yùn)用自己的邏輯思維能力，從文章的

內(nèi)在含義和字里行間中，從作者的態(tài)度和取向中獲取信息，做出正確的判斷。

應(yīng)特別注意以下特征：

①吃透文章的表層意思，是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)；

②推理的根據(jù)來自于上下文；

③不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn)；

④在提問中常用的詞有suggest,mean,infer（推斷）,fromthefact,indicate（暗示）conclusion,probably,likely.reason,

because,accordingto”等。

推斷題常有的命題形式:

①Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat....

②Fromthetextweknowthat....

③Thestoryimpliesthat....

@Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe....

⑤Thewritersuggeststhat....

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

在閱讀理解題中，又有相當(dāng)一部分屬于事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)題，下面僅就這類題的正確解法作簡要說明。首先

是直接理解性題目，這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就可以解答

出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案;另外還有一些題目要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組

或句子作出解釋或需要對(duì)有關(guān)的上下文提供的語境和信息、甚至對(duì)整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準(zhǔn)確、立體的理解

和判斷。

4.猜測(cè)詞義題

這類問題主要考察學(xué)生兩方面能力。根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)和判斷生詞、短語或句子在閱讀材料中的含義，

即利用我們所熟悉的詞或短語和上下文中的已知部分進(jìn)行邏輯上的推理，有時(shí)還需依靠常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

猜詞的活動(dòng)是閱讀中經(jīng)常遇到的，閱讀理解題目中的作為干擾項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一般多是學(xué)生比較

熟悉、想當(dāng)然的詞典意義，或者適應(yīng)學(xué)生習(xí)慣的漢語思維方式;而正確的含義往往不只是詞典上的，而是要

通過上下文內(nèi)容的提示才能確定的。

解這類題時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下特點(diǎn)：

①注意一些過渡詞語，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它們直接引出了同義解釋；

②注意連接詞及被猜測(cè)的詞前后的因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功

能。

③注意同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、同位語、定語從句，相似或相反的結(jié)構(gòu)等。

④對(duì)于句中首字母或全部是大寫的單詞，應(yīng)該猜出可能是專有名詞（人名、地名、組織等），因此拼讀有時(shí)是最

合適的方法。

【例題】

Englishhasbecomeagloballanguage.Sowhichcountry,notincludingEnglish-speakingcountries,speaksEnglish

better?AndwheredoesChinarank（排名）？

ASwedishlanguageeducationcompanypublishedtheirreportthismonth.TheNetherlands（荷蘭）rankedfirst,

followedbyDenmarkandSweden.ThesearebasedonEnglishlisteningandreadingtestresultsof950,OOOpeople

from72countriesandareas.

Accordingtothereport,Chinaisranking39th.Outofthewholecountry,peopleinShanghaiarethebest

Englishspeakers.TheyspeakbetterEnglishthanItaliansandFrench.HongKongandBeijingfollowShanghaias

China'snextbestEnglish-speakingcities.

ShanghaiandBeijingrankhighbecausetheyareinternationalcities.However,acrossChina,English

abilityisdifferentfromeasttowest.

NowChinahas400millionEnglishlearners.However,theteachingofEnglishinsomeareasisnotvery

good.AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline,therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunanprovince,butonly

oneEnglishteacher.ManystudentsstilllearnEnglishbyrote.

SebastianMagnusson,anofficerattheSwedishEmbassy(大使館)inBeijing,gavesomeadvice.Swedish

peoplespeakEnglishwellandMagnussonhimselfisalsogoodatChinese.HesaidTVprograms,moviesandeven

computergamescouldbelearningtools."Donotlimitittotextbooks.Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou've

learnt,“Magnussonalsosaid.

(1)WhatcountryrankedfirstofEnglishabilityinthepassage?

A.Sweden.

B.Denmark.

C.TheUnitedStates

D.TheNetherlands.

(2)WhichcityhasthebestEnglishspeakersinChina?

A.Beijing.

B.Shanghai.

C.HongKong.

D.Chengdu.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"byrote"mean?

A.死記硬背

B.融會(huì)貫通

C.熟能生巧

D.望文生義

(4)Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?

A.ChinesepeoplehavehighlevelsofEnglish.

B.MemorizationisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.

C.SomeChineseschoolsareshortofEnglishteachers.

D.HalfoftheChinesepopulationislearningEnglishnow.

(5)WhatcanwetellfromMagnusson'swords?

A.Englishisdifficultforyoungerstudentstolearn.

B.LearningEnglishfromtextbooksisnotagoodmethod.

C.Learnersshouldputwhattheyhavelearnedtopractice.

D.Learnersshouldgethelpfromtheirteachersandparents.

【點(diǎn)金】文章介紹了英語在世界各地的分布，并介紹了中國各個(gè)城市學(xué)英語的情況。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)TheNetherlands(荷蘭)rankedfirst,可知荷蘭排名第一，故選D.

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers,可知在中國，上海人說英語最好，

故選B.

3.A詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)ManystudentsstillleamEnglish…許多學(xué)生仍然通過…來學(xué)習(xí)英語.結(jié)合語境缺

少英語老師，所以學(xué)生沒有更好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，推出劃線單詞的意思是"死記硬背"，故選A.

4.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline,therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunan

province,butonlyoneEnglishteacher.人民日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)報(bào)道，在湖南省的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上，有7所小學(xué)，但只有一

名英語教師.可知缺少英語老師，故選C.

5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)"Donotlimitittotextbooks.Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt,""

不要把它限制在教科書上.最重要的是使用你所學(xué)到的東西.”，所以學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該把他們所學(xué)到的知識(shí)付諸

實(shí)踐，故選C.

精講精練

【例題1】

Howfunnywoulditbetoseememes（表情包）intextbooks?SomestudentsfromChengduNo.7High

Schoolhavemadeitcometrue.

Thestudents|wroteasetofcreativetextbooksthatincludesfivesubjects-Chinese,English,maths,

chemistryandphysics.TheysharetheirnotestohelpstudentsprepareforHighSchoolEntranceExamsinthis

way.Funnymemescanbeseenalmosteverywhereintheirtextbooks.

Eachtextbookhasitsownstyle,too.TheEnglishtextbookintroducesfilmsandTVseries.Thechemistry

textbookhaswuxiacharacters.ThereisaboynamedShangguanHuaxueinthebook.Hemeetsagirlandthey

learnchemistrytogether.Italsohaswuxia-stylenotes.

YanZuhuai,atopstudentatChengduNo.7HighSchool,isthetextbooks'editor-in-chief（主編）.Hegot

theideatocreatethebooksinJune,2017.“Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem.WhenIsaw

peoplesharingbikes,IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge,too."Yansaid.

Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthemboring.Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonline

novelsandmemes,hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes.Hewroteguidelinesforeachtextbookandinvited

13studentstojoinhimincreatingthem.

Thefinalversions（版本）ofthetextbookscameoutattheendofDecember.Manypublishinghouseshave

shownaninterestinthem.

（1）ThissetoftextbooksincludesthefollowingsubjectsEXCEPT.

A.chemistry

B.geography

C.physics

D.maths

(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthandfifthparagraphs?

A.LotsofstudentswantedYantoshareknowledgewiththem.

B.Yanisoneoftheworststudentsinhisschool.

C.Yaninvitedsomestudentstowriteguidelines.

D.Thetextbookswithonlinenovelsandmemesareveryboring.

(3)Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?

A.Yanandhisteamareinterestedinmemes.

B.Itisdifficultforstudentstocreatetextbooks.

C.Yan'stextbookscanhelpstudentsstudycreatively.

D.Yanisapopulareditor-in-chiefinhisschool.

【答案】BAC

【解析】

1.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二行includesfivesubjects-Chinese,English,maths,chemistryandphysics.包

括五門科目：語文、英語、數(shù)學(xué)、化學(xué)和物理.可知，沒有”地理、選B.

2.A.段意猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)第四段"Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem.WhenIsawpeople

sharingbikes,IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge,too.nYansaid.許多學(xué)生希望我和他們分享我的筆記.當(dāng)

我看到人們共享自行車時(shí)，我想我也可以分享知識(shí).”嚴(yán)說.可知，許多學(xué)生希望嚴(yán)與他們分享知識(shí).選A.

3.C.主旨大意題.根據(jù)第二段第一句Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooks學(xué)生們寫了一套富有創(chuàng)

造性的教科書.第五段Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthemboring.Realizingthathis

classmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes,hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes但是他把所有的筆記放

在一起后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)它們很無聊.意識(shí)到他的同學(xué)們喜歡在線小說和表情包，他決定把這些東西添加到他的

學(xué)習(xí)筆記中.可知，嚴(yán)的教科書可以幫助學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性地學(xué)習(xí).選C.

【練習(xí)1]

BeijingOperaisthemostrepresentativeofallChinesetraditionaldramaticartformsandthelargestChinese

operaform.Havingahistoryofabout200years,itisdevelopedfromabsorbing（吸收）manyotherdramaticforms,

mostlyfromthelocaldrama'Huiban',whichwaspopularinSouthChinaduringthe18thcentury.Itisascenic（戲

居的）artintegratingmusic,perfonnance,literature,aria,andfacepainting.

Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging,dancingandspokenpartsinonesingle

drama.Anoperasinger,forexample,neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingparts

inamodernplay；inadancedrama,thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither.TraditionalChinese

drama,includingBeijingOpera,isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts,singing,dancingand

acrobatics.

InadditiontoitspresenceinChina,BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces.MerLanfang,oneofthe

mostfamousperformers（表演者）ofalltime,wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmade

highlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries.

"Youwillbepuzzled（困惑）allthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmed

andinterested.YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramatic

background.'ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera.

BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaandjtisfullofChineseculturaltraditions.WelcometoChinaand

enjoyBeijingOpera!

（1）WhatmakesBeijingOperadifferentfromtheatricalartformsinmanyothercountries?

A.Ithasoneoperasingeronstage.

B.Ithasonedancerwhohasnospeakingrole.

C.Ithasalreadyspreadtomanyothercountries.

D.Itincludesspokenparts,singingdancingandacrobatics.

(2)PeoplethinkMeiLanfangplayedanimportantroleinthespreadofBeijingOperabecause.

A.hemademanytoursoaforeigncountry

B?hewasafamousBeijingOperaperformer

C.hewasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeigners

D.hemadeBeijingOperadifferentfromothertheatricalartforms.

(3)FromParagraph4weknowthattheAmericantraveler.

A.feltboredalltheway

B?thoughthighlyofBeijingOpera

C.foundBeijingOperainterestingatfirst

D.knewthebackgroundofBeijingOpera

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"meaninthepassage?

A.BeijingOpera

B.Localdrama

C.Anoperasinger

D.Amodernplay

【答案】DCBA

【解析】

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging,

dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama.Anoperasinger,fbrexample,neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；

therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodemplay；inadancedrama,thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoes

notsingeither.TraditionalChinesedrama,includingBeijingOpera,isakindofentertainmentwhichincludes

spokenparts,singing,dancingandacrobatics.許多國家的戲劇藝術(shù)形式在一個(gè)單一的戲劇表演，不存在歌

唱、舞蹈和對(duì)話部分.例如，歌劇演員既不在舞臺(tái)上跳舞也不說話；在現(xiàn)代戲劇中沒有唱歌或跳舞的部分；

在舞劇中，舞者沒有說話的機(jī)會(huì).中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇，包括北京戲曲，是一種包括口語、歌唱、舞蹈和雜技的

娛樂.可知京劇與其它的不同之處是有口語、歌唱、舞蹈和雜技的，故答案D.

2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第3段MerLanfang,oneofthemostfamousperformersofalltime,wasthefirst

tointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries.可知MerLanfang

是北京歷史上最著名的演員之一，也是第一位向外國人介紹中國京劇及在國外演出非常成功的人,故答案C.

3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第4段MYouwillbepuzzledallthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtime

totime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested.YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknow

nothingofthedramaticbackground."ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatching

BeijingOpera.”一路上你會(huì)感到困惑，有時(shí)會(huì)感到厭煩，但你會(huì)被吸引.即使你對(duì)戲劇背景一無所知，你

也會(huì)被京劇深深吸引.”這是一位美國旅行者如何描述他第一次觀看京劇的經(jīng)歷.可知給予了京劇高度的評(píng)

價(jià)，故答案B.

4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions

京劇是中國民族的歌劇，它充滿了中國文化傳統(tǒng)可知it指的是京劇，故答案A.

【例題2】

DearLiHua,

How'severythinggoing?Congratulationsonyourgraduationfromjuniorhighschool!

Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday,butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkabout-a

planforyourpersonalgrowth.Hereissomeadviceforyou.

Firstly,studyyourself.Understandwhatyoulike,whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe.Instudying

yourself,youcheckyourstrengths（長處）andweaknesses.Findoutwhatyouneedtoprepareforyourdreamjob.

Secondly,writedownyourplan.Whenwriting,youcantryusingMindMaps（思、維導(dǎo)圖）.Itisagoodway

tohelpyoutothinkmoreclearly.Andyoumayfindaproperwaytoworkyourplanout.

Thirdly,gooveryourplanwithyourteachers,parentsorfriends.Theymaygiveyousomeadvice.Think

carefullyabouttheiradviceandmakesomechangestoyourplanifnecessary.Andthenyoucangoonwithit.

Finally,(4).Forexample,ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,youshouldspendmoretime

readingEnglishbooks,learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeakingfromnow

on.Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork.

Youmayfinditdifficulttomaketheplannow.Don'tworry.Allyouneedisjustarough(粗略的)one.Once

youentertheseniorhighschool,you'llgetachancetomakeitbetterwiththehelpofyourteachers.Andyour

personalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage,yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment.Sotakeyourtimeand

Ibelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman.

Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiFang

(1)Theunderlinedword"study*'inParagraph3probablymeans"ninChinese.

A.學(xué)習(xí)

B.審視

C.幫助

D.調(diào)查

(2)WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph6?

A.plantofindajob

B.trytobeanEnglishteacher

C.practiceEnglish

D.workhardtorealizeyourdream

(3)Accordingtothepassage,apersonalgrowthplaninyourlifetimemaychangewiththefollowingthings

except.

A.yourMindMaps

B?yourage

C.socialdevelopment

D.yourinterests

(4)Intheletter,LiFangmainlywantstotellLiHua.

A.howtospendtheholidayhappily

B?howtoprepareforhisdreamjob

C.howtomakehispersonalgrowthplan

D.howtoreviewtheplanwithhisfriends

【答案】DDAC

【解析】

1.D詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)后句Understandwhatyoulike,whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe.Instudying

yourself,youcheckyourstrengthsandweaknesses.了解你喜歡什么，你看重什么，你想成為什么樣

的人.在研究自己時(shí)，你要檢查自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn).可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說調(diào)查自己.所以study意為調(diào)查.故選

D.

2.D細(xì)節(jié)推理題.根據(jù)后句Forexample,ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,youshouldspend

moretimereadingEnglishbooks,learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeaking

fromnowon.Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork.例如，如果你將來想成為一名英語

老師，你應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間讀英語書，學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于英語文化的知識(shí)，從現(xiàn)在開始練習(xí)你的聽力和口語，只

有通過努力，你才能實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想.可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說努力實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想.故選D.

3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題?根據(jù)最后——段句子Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool,you'llgetachancetomakeitbetter

withthehelpyourteachers.Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage,yourinterestsandthe

socialdevelopment.SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman.一旦你進(jìn)入高中，

你就有機(jī)會(huì)在老師的幫助下做得更好.你的個(gè)人成長計(jì)劃可能會(huì)隨著你的年齡、興趣和社會(huì)發(fā)展而改變.所

以慢慢來，我相信你會(huì)成長為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的年輕人.可知根據(jù)這篇文章，你一生中的個(gè)人成長計(jì)劃可能會(huì)隨

著以下事情而改變，除了你的思維導(dǎo)圖.故選A.

4.C主旨?xì)w納題.根據(jù)這篇文章內(nèi)容及其第二段句子Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday,butthere

issomethingimportantforyoutothinkaboutaplanforyourpersonalgrowth.我希望你在假期里過得愉快，但是

有一些重要的事情需要你去思考一個(gè)關(guān)于你個(gè)人成長的計(jì)劃.可知信中，李方主要想告訴李華如何制定個(gè)

人成長計(jì)劃.故選C.

【練習(xí)2】

Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well,youneedtospray（噴）watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningand

evening,changesoileverytwoweeks,andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits,“saidSunYouxiangafter

raisingsnailsforoneyear.Heisafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Fromthree

whitejadesnailsattheverybeginningtomorethansixtysnailsoffourgenerations（代）now,hehasdonea

greatjobforhisscienceclass.

Watchingthereproduction（繁殖）ofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids.Theircreativity,patience

andrespect（尊重）forlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown.Sun'steachersaid

thejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation.Practiceisanecessarystepinlearninganditwillbenefitthe

kidsforalifetime.

Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures（生物）inafriendlyway.Starting

fromthisyear,sciencewillbecomeanimportantsubjectasChineseandmathinprimaryschoolsinorderto

improvestudents*knowledgeaboutthethingsaroundus.Becauseofcuriosity（好奇心），morekidswillbe

willingtowatchandthinkthroughpractising.Itwilladdtoourknowledgeoftheworldinthelongrun.

（1）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaboutSunYouxiang?

A.Heisgoodatraisingsnails.

B.Hemakesalotofmoneybyraisingsnails.

C.Raisingsnailsisaninterestingexperienceforhim.

D.Hebecomescreativeandpatientthroughtakingcareofsnails.

(2)Theunderlinedword"benefit"inParagraph2means.

A.hurt

B.protect

C.begoodfor

D.bepopularwith

(3)InParagraph3,''Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway"

means.

A.natureandcreaturesarefriendlytokids

B.lifeeducationcanmakekidsmorefriendly

C.lifeeducationtellskidshowtomakefriends

D.lifeeducationtellskidshowtogetonwellwithnatureandcreatures

(4)WhatdoesSunYouxiang'steacherthinkofhisjob?

A.Ittakestoomuchtime.

B.Itwasteslotsofmoney.

C.Itcan'thelpwithSun'sstudy.

D.Itservesasagoodexampleoflifeeducation.

(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtoraisesnails.

B?Patience，thekeytosuccess.

C.Theimportanceoflifeeducation.

D.Howtothinkthroughpractising.

【答案】BCDDC

【解析】

1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第一段Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well,youneedtospray（噴）watertothe

container（容器）everymorningandevening,changesoileverytwoweeks,andfeedthemwithvegetablesand

sweetfruits."saidSunYbuxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear.Heisafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudent

inHangzhou.ZhejiangProvince.為了更好地養(yǎng)蝸牛，你需要每天早上和晚上把水噴到容器里，每兩周換

一次土壤，然后用蔬菜和甜果喂它們.”孫有翔養(yǎng)蝸牛是非常擅長的，故A正確；根據(jù)第二段Watchingthe

reproductionofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids.觀察動(dòng)物的繁殖對(duì)孩子來說是不尋常的經(jīng)歷，

可知對(duì)他來說也是一個(gè)不同尋常的經(jīng)歷，故C正確；結(jié)合第二段Theircreativity,patienceandrespectfor

lifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown他們的創(chuàng)造力、耐心和對(duì)生命的尊重會(huì)隨

著他們學(xué)會(huì)照顧自己的動(dòng)物而發(fā)展起來，可知D正確，B沒有提到掙很多錢，故答案是B.

2.C詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)文中的前面Practiceisanecessaryst叩inlearningand實(shí)踐是學(xué)習(xí)過程中必不可少的

一步，后面對(duì)于孩子來說，應(yīng)該是終身受益，故答案是C.

3.D句子翻譯題，根據(jù)文中的Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesina

friendlyway.生命教育讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處.可知與D相吻合，故答案是D.

4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第三段Sunsteachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation,可

知孫老師說，這項(xiàng)工作是一個(gè)很好的例子，故答案是D.

5.C主旨?xì)w納題，根據(jù)文中的最后一段Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures

inafriendlyway.生命教育讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處，可知結(jié)合文章主要通這觀察蝸牛

的生活面引出生命教育的重要性，故答案是C.

【例題3】

Fromayoungage,I'vehadareallydeepconnectionwithbeingoutside.I'vebeenskiingSinceIwaseightor

nineyearsold.Fvebeenonexpeditions（探險(xiǎn)）inmanyplaceslikeChina,Pakistanandsoon.Butitwasinmy

homecountry,theUSA,thatIcameclosesttodeath.

ItwasApril1,2011.IwasskiingintheTetonswithmyfriendsJeremyandXavier,bothexperienced

snowboarders.Thatday,Iwasthelastpersontoski.Theywerewatchingmefromasafearea.Suddenly,Iheard

someonecryloudly.Iturnedaroundandsawthewholemountainstarttomovebehindme.Itwasamassive

avalanche（大雪崩）.Thekindofavalanchethatdestroystrees,cars,buses,evenhouses!Tensofthousandsoftons

ofsnowwerecomingstraightdownthemountainbehindme.Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward,hundredsofmeters,

andthencoverme.ItwassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe.Andthenitpushedmeforwardagainandup,outofthe

snowpack.Ilookedaround,andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified.Ihadamomenttopauseandto

lookatthepoweroftheavalanche.

Ilookeddownintothebottomofthevalley（峽谷）.Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtali,becauseIwassofar

away,theylookedtinytome."OK,I'mgoingallthewaytothebottom!"Ithought.Thenthesnowpushedme

againdownthemountainanother450m.Ithoughttheforceofthesnowwoulddestroyme,itwaspowerful.Butin

theend,IfelttheavalancheslowdownandIjustpopped（迸出）rightoutofthesnowatthebottomofthevalley.

ItlookJeremyandXavierabout20minutestoreachme.Therewasapileofdebris（碎片）acrossthebottom

ofthemountain300mwide.Theycouldn'tbelieveitwhentheysawme.Iwassolucky.

Hastheexperiencechangedme?DoIthinkaboutlifedifferently?Idon'tknow,maybe.ButIdoknowthat

ifsimportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning.Lifeisagift,souseitwisely.

（1）Whatimpressedthewritermostinhisskiingexperienceis.

A.thepowerofsnow

B?thesightofthevalley

C.thedangerofpopping

D.theluckofhisexpedition

(2)Theunderlinedwordthey'refersto.

A.themountains

B?thetrees

C.JeremyandXavier

D.Pilesofdebris

(3)Fromthepassage,it'struethat.

A.thewritercameclosesttodeathwhenheskiedinPakistan

B?theavalanchepushedthewriterdownabout300maway

C.thewriter'sfriendswatchedhimatthebottomofthevalley

D.thewritercouldn'tbreathebecauseoftheweightofthesnow

(4)Thewriterwasthrownoutofthesnowwhen.

A.hisfriendsreachedfbrhim

B.hewaspushedtothebottom

C.theavalanchestartedtoslowdown

D.thesnowdrovehimforwardagain

(5)Accordingtothewriter,?

A.hisexperienceandhisfriendshavechangedhim

B?it'simpossibletoknowtheforceofsnow

C.oneshouldnotliveameaninglesslife

D.hedoesn'tmindthematteroflifeordeath

【答案】ABDBC

【解析】

1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Ilookedaround,andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified.I

hadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche.我環(huán)顧四周，幾秒鐘后，我就不再害怕了.我

有片刻的停頓，看看雪崩的力量可知本文主要是通過描述這場(chǎng)事故，即雪崩的力量給作者留下的深刻的印

象,故答案是A.

2.B詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)文中的Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall,becauseIwassofaraway,theylookedtiny

tome.我能看到30米高的樹，因?yàn)槲译x他們太遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)我來說它們看起來很小可知they指的是那些樹，故

答案是B.

3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward,hundredsofmeters,andthencoverme.It

wassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe.我感覺到雪把我推向幾百米，然后蓋上我.它太重了以至于我不能呼吸可

知D正確，故答案是D.

4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第3段Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m.可知

然后雪又把我推下了山，故答案是B.

5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的最后一段ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning但我知

道重要的是讓你的生活充滿意義，可知每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有意義地活著，故答案是C.

課后作業(yè)

InAmerica,boysandgirlsoftenjoinclubs.Themembersofaclubworktogether.Theyalsolearncertain

skillsandsharegoodtimes.

ManyboysbelongtoBoyScouts.Boyscoutsenjoyhikingandcampingouttogether,an