江蘇省揚(yáng)州市2022屆高三上學(xué)期9月調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題Word版含解析

2022屆江蘇省揚(yáng)州市高三上學(xué)期9月調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Inacinema.C.Inabookstore.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirwork.B.Weekendplan.C.Astreetdancecontest.3.Whatdidthewomanusethestampsfor?A.Shemailedsomebills.B.Shemailedsomecards.C.Shemailedsomeletters.4.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$15.B.$24.C.$30.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Classmates.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatmuseumsdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Artmuseums.B.Britishmuseums.C.Naturalhistorymuseums.7.HowmanycollectionsofobjectsarethereintheBritishMuseum?A.2million.B.8million.C.10million.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Watchafootballgame.B.Gobikingwiththeman.C.Dosomehousework.10.Whichteamdoesthemansupport?A.St.Martins.B.StateCollege.C.StateYouthTeam.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhoisJamilamostlikelytobe?A.Theman’scustomer.B.Theman’swife.C.Theman’sboss.12.Whywasthemanaskedtogivethepresentationaccordingtothewoman?A.Heisexcellentathisjob.B.HegetsonwellwithJamila.C.Heisgoodatpublicspeaking.13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Findoutthecustomers’likes.B.HaveatalkwithJamila.C.Askafriendforhelp.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdidthemanthinkoftheawards?A.Theywerefunny.B.Theywereboring.C.Theywerefair.15.Whowonanawardfortheachievementinsports?A.Chris.B.Paul.C.Mary.16.Whyisthemangoingbacktoschool?A.Toreceivemoreawards.B.Tohelptheyoungerkids.C.Toattendtheschooldance.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoismakingtheannouncement?A.Thestudentgovernmentpresident.B.Theschoolnewspaperwriter.C.Thefootballteamcaptain.18.Howmanynewteamsareaddedthisyear?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.19.Whatdothemusicclubmembersdo?A.Theyorganizetrips.B.Theyattendconcerts.C.Theyhavedancingnights.20.Whyshouldastudentjoinacampusgroup?A.Tohavefriends.B.Tomakegoodgrades.C.Tokeepupwithworldnews.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15個(gè)小題；每小題題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOurserviceisexceptional.Isyourpetinsurerthisgood?PetownershavegivenBoughtByManysomeofthehighestscoresintheUKinanindependentsurveybytheInstituteof“Excellentservice,Ihighlyrecommend.ThepersonIspoketowasveryhelpful,professionalandclear,answeredallmyquestionsandwasverysympathetictothisveryworrieddogowner!Iamdelightedwiththeservice.”Annie,BoughtByManycustomer★★★★★FeeforatingJointhethousandsofpeoplewhoalreadyloveourcomprehensivepetinsuranceandaward-winningservice.Usethislinktobuyanewpolicyby18/10/2020andgetafreepettreatboxworth￡19.99LinesopenMontoFri09:00-19:00andSat,09:00-17:301.WhatisAnnie’sattitudetowardstheserviceprovidedbyBoughtByMany?A.Doubtful. B.Sympathetic. C.Satisfied. D.Disapproving.2.Whoarethetargetcustomersofthisadvertisement?A.Peoplewhoneedtobuypetinsurance. B.EmployeeswhoworkinBoughtByMany.C.Volunteerswhomakedonationstopets. D.Graduates

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startapetbusiness.3.Customerscancall03456460749at_______.A.6:00p.m.onSaturday B.10:20p.m.onSundayC.7:00a.m.onThursday D.11:00a.m.onWednesday【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則BoughtByMany的寵物保險(xiǎn)廣告，介紹了價(jià)格和聯(lián)系方式等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Excellentservice,Ihighlyrecommend.ThepersonIspoketowasveryhelpful,professionalandclear,answeredallmyquestionsandwasverysympathetictothisveryworrieddogowner!Iamdelightedwiththeservice.(服務(wù)很好，我極力推薦。和我交談的人非常有幫助，專業(yè)和清晰，回答了我所有的問題，非常同情這個(gè)非常擔(dān)心的狗主人！我對(duì)你們的服務(wù)很滿意)”可推知，Annie對(duì)BoughtByMany提供的服務(wù)滿意。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“PetownershavegivenBoughtByManysomeofthehighestscoresintheUKinanindependentsurveybytheInstituteofCustomerService.(在英國(guó)客戶服務(wù)協(xié)會(huì)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)獨(dú)立調(diào)查中，寵物主人給BoughtByMany打了最高分)”結(jié)合文章是一則BoughtByMany的寵物保險(xiǎn)廣告，介紹了價(jià)格和聯(lián)系方式等信息?？芍?，這個(gè)廣告的目標(biāo)客戶是需要購(gòu)買寵物保險(xiǎn)的人。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“LinesopenMontoFri09:00-19:00andSat,09:00-17:30(熱線開放時(shí)間為周一至周五9:00-19:00和周六9:00-17:30)”可知，顧客可以在周三上午11點(diǎn)致電03456460749，故選D。BWithfingersandwristswrappedinmedicatedtape,ZhangGuimei,founderandprincipalofthefirstfreehighschoolforgirlsinChina,waspresentedwiththeJuly1MedalonTuesday.ZhangmetherhusbandinDaliandworkedasateacherinalocalschool.Unfortunately,herhusbanddiedofcancernotlongaftertheirmarriage.Sadly,Zhangdecidedtoleavethisplacewithwhichshewastoofamiliar.Hence,shevolunteeredtoteachatamiddleschoolinHuaping,apoverty-strickencountylocatedinthemountains.Overtime,Zhangwitnessedthegendergapineducationupcloseinrelativelypoorruralareas.Urbanandruralstudentsalreadyfacedunequalaccesstoqualityeducation,andthetraditionalbeliefofmalesuperiorityonlyworsenedruralgirls’situation.Shediscoveredthatmanyfemalestudentswouldjustdisappearafterstudyingforawhileandsomegirlswereevenpulledoutofclassjustbeforethecollegeentranceexam.Thereasonsvaried:topayfortheyoungerbrother’stuition,thegirl’sparentswouldhaveherquitandreturnhometoearnmoney;thefamilyreceivedengagementgifts...In2002Zhangcameupwithanideawhich,tomany,seemedcrazy:tofoundafreehighschoolforgirls.Sixyearslater,withhelpfromthePartyandthelocalgovernmentandpersonaldonations,shefoundedtheHuapingAll-GirlsHighSchool.Withthegoalofneverlettingagirlfallbehindinschooling,Zhangoftenworksovertimedespitesufferingfromseveralkindsofillnesses.Shehaswalkedtoalmosteveryhouseholddeepinthemountains,talkingtotheparentsabouttheimportanceofeducationforgirls.Theeffortspaidoff.Overthepast13years,herschoolhassent1,800girlstouniversity.“Toeducateagirlistochangethedestinyofthreegenerations.Acultured,responsiblemotherwon'tletherdaughterdropoutofschool,”Zhangsaid.4.WhatprobablymadeZhangGuimeidecidetoleavethelocalschoolinDali?A.Herlossofhusband. B.Herdesireforexploration.C.Herloveforteaching. D.Hereagernessforadventure.5.WhatinspiredZhangtofoundahighschoolforgirls?A.Difficultexaminations. B.Genderinequality.C.Localmisunderstanding. D.Teacherresignation.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeZhangGuimei?A.Determined. B.Pessimistic. C.Economical. D.Outspoken.7.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Afreehighschoolforgirlswassuccessfullysetup.B.Awomanwithillnessesfacesupsanddownsinlife.C.ThegendergapineducationinruralChinaisbridged.D.Awoman’sdevotiontogirls’educationfinallypaidoff.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了中國(guó)第一所免費(fèi)女子高中的創(chuàng)始人兼校長(zhǎng)張桂梅被授予“7月【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Unfortunately,herhusbanddiedofcancernotlongaftertheirmarriage.Sadly,Zhangdecidedtoleavethisplacewithwhichshewastoofamiliar.(不幸的是，她的丈夫在他們結(jié)婚后不久就死于癌癥。遺憾的是，張決定離開這個(gè)她太熟悉的地方)”可知，張桂梅失去了丈夫，所以決定離開大理當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Urbanandruralstudentsalreadyfacedunequalaccesstoqualityeducation,andthetraditionalbeliefofmalesuperiorityonlyworsenedruralgirls’situation.Shediscoveredthatmanyfemalestudentswouldjustdisappearafterstudyingforawhileandsomegirlswereevenpulledoutofclassjustbeforethecollegeentranceexam.Thereasonsvaried:topayfortheyoungerbrother’stuition,thegirl’sparentswouldhaveherquitandreturnhometoearnmoney;thefamilyreceivedengagementgifts...(城鄉(xiāng)學(xué)生在接受優(yōu)質(zhì)教育方面本來(lái)就不平等，傳統(tǒng)的男尊女卑觀念只會(huì)讓農(nóng)村女孩的處境更加糟糕。她發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多女生在學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間后就消失了，一些女生甚至在高考前被趕出課堂。原因多種多樣：為了支付弟弟的學(xué)費(fèi)，女孩的父母會(huì)讓她退學(xué)回家掙錢；這家人收到了彩禮……)”可知，是性別不平等促使張創(chuàng)辦了女子高中。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Withthegoalofneverlettingagirlfallbehindinschooling,Zhangoftenworksovertimedespitesufferingfromseveralkindsofillnesses.Shehaswalkedtoalmosteveryhouseholddeepinthemountains,talkingtotheparentsabouttheimportanceofeducationforgirls.(為了不讓一個(gè)女孩在學(xué)校落后，張經(jīng)常加班，盡管患有各種疾病。她幾乎走遍了深山里的每一個(gè)家庭，和他們的父母談?wù)摻逃龑?duì)女孩的重要性)”以及最后一段中“Overthepast13years,herschoolhassent1,800girlstouniversity.(在過(guò)去的13年里，她的學(xué)校送了1800名女孩上大學(xué))”可推知，張桂梅是個(gè)有決心的人。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theeffortspaidoff.Overthepast13years,herschoolhassent1,800girlstouniversity.“Toeducateagirlistochangethedestinyofthreegenerations.(這些努力得到了回報(bào)。在過(guò)去的13年里，她的學(xué)校送了1800名女孩上大學(xué))”結(jié)合主要講述了中國(guó)第一所免費(fèi)女子高中的創(chuàng)始人兼校長(zhǎng)張桂梅被授予“7月1日勛章”，她的手指和手腕上都裹著醫(yī)用膠帶。講述了張桂梅創(chuàng)立這所學(xué)校的經(jīng)過(guò)和她的教學(xué)理念?？芍恼轮饕獌?nèi)容是一個(gè)婦女對(duì)女孩教育的奉獻(xiàn)最終得到了回報(bào)。故選D。CTherichlandoftheNiledeltaisbeingerodedalongEgypt’sMediterraneancoastatanastonishingrate,insomepartsestimatedat100metresperyear.Inthepast,landwashedawayfromthecoastlinebythecurrentsoftheMediterraneanSeausedtobereplacedbysedimentbroughtdowntothedeltabytheRiverNile,butthisisnolongerhappening.Uptonow,peoplehaveblamedthislossofdeltalandonthetwolargeAswandamsinthesouthofEgypt,whichholdbackalmostallofthesedimentthatusedtoflowdowntheriver.Beforethedamswerebuilt,theNileflowedfreelycarryinghugequantitiesofsediment.ButwhentheAswandamswereconstructedtoprovideelectricityandirrigation,andtoprotectthehugepopulationcentreofCairofromannualfloodinganddrought,mostofthesedimentwithitsnaturalfertilizeraccumulatedupabovethedaminthesouthernupstreamhalfofLakeNasser,insteadofpassingdowntothedelta.Now,however,thereturnsouttobemoretothestory.Itappearsthatthesediment-freewaterpicksupsandasiterodestheriverbedandbanksonthe800-kilometretriptoCairo.DanielJeanStanleyoftheSmithsonianInstitutenoticedthatwatersamplestakeninCairoindicatedthattheriversometimescarriesmorethan850gramsofsedimentpercubicmetreofwater—almosthalfofwhatitcarriedbeforethedamswerebuilt.Internationalenvironmentalorganizationsarebeginningtopaycloserattentiontotheregion,partlybecauseoftheproblemsoferosionandpollutionoftheNiledelta,butmainlybecausetheyfeartheimpactthissituationcouldhaveonthewholeMediterraneancoastalecosystem.Buttherearenoeasysolutions.Intheimmediatefuture,Stanleybelievesthatonesolutionwouldbetomakeartificialfloodstoflushoutthedeltawaterways,inthesamewaythatnaturalfloodsdidbeforetheconstructionofthedams.Hesays,however,thatinthelongtermanalternativeprocesssuchasdesalinationmayhavetobeusedtoincreasetheamountofwateravailable.8.What’shappeningtotheNiledelta?A.Thelandisbecomingsalty. B.Thelandisbeingwashedaway.C.Thesedimentisblockedin. D.Thesedimentisbroughtdown.9.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraphs2&3whenanalyzingthereason?A.Byquotation. B.Bytellingastory. C.Bycomparison. D.Bycitinganexample.10.Whatisinternationalenvironmentalorganizations’mainconcern?A.Rapiderosion. B.Incrediblesituation. C.Severepollution. D.Unhealthyecosystem.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutiontotheproblem?A.Confident. B.Questioning. C.Convinced. D.Responsible.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了沿著埃及地中海沿岸，尼羅河三角洲肥沃的土地正以驚人的速度被侵蝕，有些地區(qū)估計(jì)每年侵蝕100米。說(shuō)明了導(dǎo)致這一問題的原因以及解決方案?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TherichlandoftheNiledeltaisbeingerodedalongEgypt’sMediterraneancoastatanastonishingrate,insomepartsestimatedat100metresperyear.(沿著埃及地中海沿岸，尼羅河三角洲肥沃的土地正以驚人的速度被侵蝕，有些地區(qū)估計(jì)每年侵蝕100米)”可知，尼羅河三角洲的土地正在被沖走。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Uptonow,peoplehaveblamedthislossofdeltalandonthetwolargeAswandamsinthesouthofEgypt,whichholdbackalmostallofthesedimentthatusedtoflowdowntheriver.Beforethedamswerebuilt,theNileflowedfreelycarryinghugequantitiesofsediment.ButwhentheAswandamswereconstructedtoprovideelectricityandirrigation,andtoprotectthehugepopulationcentreofCairofromannualfloodinganddrought,mostofthesedimentwithitsnaturalfertilizeraccumulatedupabovethedaminthesouthernupstreamhalfofLakeNasser,insteadofpassingdowntothedelta.(到目前為止，人們把三角洲土地的損失歸咎于埃及南部的兩個(gè)大型阿斯旺水壩，這兩個(gè)水壩幾乎擋住了過(guò)去流經(jīng)河流的所有泥沙。在大壩建成之前，尼羅河自由流動(dòng)，攜帶大量的泥沙。但是，當(dāng)阿斯旺大壩建成后，為了提供電力和灌溉，并保護(hù)開羅這個(gè)巨大的人口中心不受每年洪水和干旱的影響，大部分沉積物連同其天然肥料都積聚在納賽爾湖南部上游的大壩上面，而不是流向三角洲)”以及第三段“Now,however,thereturnsouttobemoretothestory.Itappearsthatthesediment-freewaterpicksupsandasiterodestheriverbedandbanksonthe800-kilometretriptoCairo.DanielJeanStanleyoftheSmithsonianInstitutenoticedthatwatersamplestakeninCairoindicatedthattheriversometimescarriesmorethan850gramsofsedimentpercubicmetreofwater—almosthalfofwhatitcarriedbeforethedamswerebuilt.(然而，現(xiàn)在的情況并非如此?？雌饋?lái)，在前往開羅的800公里行程中，沒有沉積物的水在侵蝕河床和河岸的過(guò)程中帶走了沙子。史密森學(xué)會(huì)的丹尼爾·簡(jiǎn)·斯坦利注意到，在開羅采集的水樣顯示，有時(shí)每立方米河水?dāng)y帶的泥沙超過(guò)850克，幾乎是大壩修建前的一半)”可推知，在分析原因時(shí)，作者通過(guò)對(duì)比來(lái)展開第2、3段。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Internationalenvironmentalorganizationsarebeginningtopaycloserattentiontotheregion,partlybecauseoftheproblemsoferosionandpollutionoftheNiledelta,butmainlybecausetheyfeartheimpactthissituationcouldhaveonthewholeMediterraneancoastalecosystem.(國(guó)際環(huán)境組織開始更密切地關(guān)注該地區(qū)，部分原因是尼羅河三角洲的侵蝕和污染問題，但主要是因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心這種情況可能對(duì)整個(gè)地中海沿岸生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成影響)”可知，國(guó)際環(huán)保組織最關(guān)心的是不健康的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Buttherearenoeasysolutions.(但沒有簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法)”可推知，作者對(duì)解決問題持質(zhì)疑態(tài)度，故選B。DAnewstudy,publishedinPsychologicalScience,findsthatpeoplewhothinktheycanlearnfromtheirmistakeshaveadifferentbrainreactiontomistakesthanpeoplewhothinkintelligenceisfixed.“Onebigdifferencebetweenpeoplewhothinkintelligenceismalleableandthosewhothinkintelligenceisfixedishowtheyrespondtomistakes,”saysJasonS.Moser,ofMichiganStateUniversity.Studieshavefoundthatpeoplewhothinkintelligenceismalleablesaythingslike,“Whenthegoinggetstough,Iputinmoreeffort.”or“IfImakeamistake,Itrytolearnandfigureitout.”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,peoplewhothinkthattheycan'tgetsmarterwillnottakeopportunitiestolearnfromtheirmistakes.Forthisstudy,Moserandhiscolleaguesgaveparticipantsataskthatwaseasytomakeamistakeon.Theyweresupposedtoidentifythemiddleletterofafive-letterserieslike“MMMMM”,“MMNMM”or“NNMNN”.Sometimesthemiddleletterwasthesameastheotherfour,andsometimesitwasdifferent.Whiledoingthetask,theparticipantswearacaponhisorherheadthatrecordselectricalactivityinthebrain.Whensomeonemakesamistake,theirbrainmakestwoquicksignals:aninitialresponsethatindicatessomethinghasgonewrong—the“Oh,crap”response,asMosercallsit—andafollow-upsignalthatindicatesanattempttocorrectthemistake.Abiggersecondsignalwasdisplayedintheparticipantswhowerebetterabletorecoverfrommakingamistake—thatis,thosewhobelievedthattheycouldlearnfromsuchamistake—thanintheparticipantswhohadnegativefeelingsaboutamistakeandbelievedthattheirfailurewasduetotheirownshortcomings.“Thisresearchmighthelpusunderstandwhyexactlythetwotypesofindividualsshowdifferentbehaviorsaftermistakesandcouldhelpintrainingpeopletobelievethattheycanworkharderandlearnmore,byshowinghowtheirbrainisreactingtomistakes,”Mosersays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malleable”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Unchanged. B.Flexible.C.Unimportant. D.Difficult.13.Ifastudentthinksherintelligenceisfixed,whatwillshesay?A.“It’snotworthbotheringtotryharder.”B.“Comeon,thoughI’vefailedthistime.”C.“IwanttoknowwhyIfailedthisexam.”D.“Idolikethefeelingsthefailurebrings.”14.Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearchfindings?A.Toadvisepeopletorespondtomistakes.B.Toinspirepeopletolearnfrommistakes.C.Topromotepeople'sblameonthemselves.D.Toindicatepeople’sdifferenceinbehavior.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Oh,crap! B.Wasteofeffort!C.Whatapity! D.Nevergiveup!【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。發(fā)表在《心理科學(xué)》(PsychologicalScience)雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些認(rèn)為自己可以從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的人，他們的大腦對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的反應(yīng)與那些認(rèn)為智商是固定不變的人不同?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“‘Onebigdifferencebetweenpeoplewhothinkintelligenceismalleableandthosewhothinkintelligenceisfixedishowtheyrespondtomistakes,’saysJasonS.Moser,ofMichiganStateUniversity.”（密歇根州立大學(xué)(MichiganStateUniversity)的杰森·s·莫澤(JasonS.Moser)說(shuō):“認(rèn)為智力是malleable和認(rèn)為智力是固定不變的人之間的一個(gè)重大區(qū)別在于他們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)錯(cuò)誤?！保┛芍?，后面的人們認(rèn)為智力是固定的，前面是認(rèn)為智力是靈活的，他們應(yīng)對(duì)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)表現(xiàn)出不同的行為。故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ontheotherhand,peoplewhothinkthattheycan'tgetsmarterwillnottakeopportunitiestolearnfromtheirmistakes.”（另一方面，那些認(rèn)為自己不能變得更聰明的人不會(huì)抓住機(jī)會(huì)從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。）可知，如果一個(gè)學(xué)生認(rèn)為她的智力是固定的，她會(huì)說(shuō)：“不值得再努力了?！惫蔬xA?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thisresearchmighthelpusunderstandwhyexactlythetwotypesofindividualsshowdifferentbehaviorsaftermistakesandcouldhelpintrainingpeopletobelievethattheycanworkharderandlearnmore,byshowinghowtheirbrainisreactingtomistakes,’Mosersays.（莫澤說(shuō):“這項(xiàng)研究可能會(huì)幫助我們理解為什么這兩種人在犯錯(cuò)后表現(xiàn)出不同的行為，并通過(guò)展示他們的大腦如何對(duì)錯(cuò)誤做出反應(yīng)，有助于訓(xùn)練人們相信他們可以更努力地工作，學(xué)習(xí)得更多。”）可知，研究結(jié)果的意義是為了激勵(lì)人們從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thisresearchmighthelpusunderstandwhyexactlythetwotypesofindividualsshowdifferentbehaviorsaftermistakesandcouldhelpintrainingpeopletobelievethattheycanworkharderandlearnmore,byshowinghowtheirbrainisreactingtomistakes,’Mosersays.（莫澤說(shuō):“這項(xiàng)研究可能會(huì)幫助我們理解為什么這兩種人在犯錯(cuò)后表現(xiàn)出不同的行為，并通過(guò)展示他們的大腦如何對(duì)錯(cuò)誤做出反應(yīng)，有助于訓(xùn)練人們相信他們可以更努力地工作，學(xué)習(xí)得更多?！保┛芍ㄟ^(guò)了解人們對(duì)犯錯(cuò)后的行為訓(xùn)練人們相信努力不會(huì)白費(fèi)。最佳標(biāo)題是Nevergiveup!永不放棄!故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenitcomestohobbiesandcareer,allofushaveourownstories.Asalittlegirl,myfavoritethingtodowasread—sameastoday.SoIfiguredI’dbealibrarianwhenIgrewup.___16___Thelibraryhadatwo-booklimit,butsheknewI’dblowthroughthoseinjustafewdays,soshealwaysletmecheckoutabigstack.TimepassedquicklyandIwasinfourthgrade.Ourschoollibrarian,Mrs.Ketelsen,sentsomepoemsI’dwrittenaboutdinosaurstoHighlightsmagazine.___17___AttheUniversity,thoughmajoringinjournalism,IquicklylearnedthatIdidnotwanttobeanewspaperreporter.___18___ItamusesalmosteveryonewhoknowsmeandthinksI’moutgoing.(Iam,butonlywithpeopleIknow!)SoIwasthrilledwhenIwasselectedforasummerinternshipatReader’sDigest.Tenyearsafterthat,IcamebacktoRDtoworkasaneditor.___19___I’veworkedatothermagazinestoo,butI’vespentmostofmycareerhere,readingmagazines,newspapers,websites,andbooksforstorieswecouldcondense(簡(jiǎn)縮);writingarticles;evenchoosingjokes.___20___“TheTractorWar”takesmehometotheMidwest.“SomethingtoSneezeAt”remindsmeofallthesneezingIdidwhenImovedtoNewYorkCityandwassuddenlyallergictograssesandtrees...Irelatetolotsofourstoriesthismonth,andIhopeyoudotoo.Enjoy!A.Itwasalongroadhome.B.Ilostmyinterestinitsoon.C.Myfirstpublishedwriting!D.I’mshyaboutinterviewingpeople.E.Mydreamofbecomingalibrarianencouragedme.F.Thestoriesinthisissueseemtointroducemyselftoyou.G.Ourtownlibrarian,Mrs.Tonne,wasreallyimportanttomebecomingme.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.A20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的職業(yè)生涯。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenitcomestohobbiesandcareer,allofushaveourownstories.Asalittlegirl,myfavoritethingtodowasread—sameastoday.SoIfiguredI’dbealibrarianwhenIgrewup.(說(shuō)到愛好和職業(yè)，我們每個(gè)人都有自己的故事。當(dāng)我還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候，我最喜歡做的事情就是讀書——今天也是。所以我想我長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)成為一名圖書管理員)”以及后文“Thelibraryhadatwo-booklimit,butsheknewI’dblowthroughthoseinjustafewdays,soshealwaysletmecheckoutabigstack.(圖書館有兩本書的限制，但她知道我?guī)滋炀湍芸赐?，所以她總是讓我借一大堆?”可知，后文提到了某人知道作者的閱讀習(xí)慣，G選項(xiàng)中Mrs.Tonne對(duì)應(yīng)后文she。故G選項(xiàng)“我們鎮(zhèn)上的圖書管理員，Tonne夫人，對(duì)我成為現(xiàn)在的我真的很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TimepassedquicklyandIwasinfourthgrade.Ourschoollibrarian,Mrs.Ketelsen,sentsomepoemsI’dwrittenaboutdinosaurstoHighlightsmagazine.(時(shí)間過(guò)得很快，我上了四年級(jí)。我們學(xué)校的圖書管理員Ketelsen夫人把我寫的一些關(guān)于恐龍的詩(shī)寄給了《亮點(diǎn)》雜志)”可知，上文提到圖書管理員把作者的詩(shī)寄給了雜志，可知本句是在說(shuō)明結(jié)果：第一次出版了作品。故C選項(xiàng)“我第一次出版的作品！”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“AttheUniversity,thoughmajoringinjournalism,IquicklylearnedthatIdidnotwanttobeanewspaperreporter.(在大學(xué)里，雖然我的專業(yè)是新聞，但我很快意識(shí)到我并不想成為一名新聞?dòng)浾?”以及后文“ItamusesalmosteveryonewhoknowsmeandthinksI’moutgoing.(Iam,butonlywithpeopleIknow!)SoIwasthrilledwhenIwasselectedforasummerinternshipatReader’sDigest.(幾乎所有認(rèn)識(shí)我并且認(rèn)為我很外向的人都覺得很有趣。（是的，但只和我認(rèn)識(shí)的人在一起的時(shí)候！）所以當(dāng)我被選為《讀者文摘》的暑期實(shí)習(xí)生時(shí)，我非常激動(dòng))”可知，后文提到作者只有和認(rèn)識(shí)的人在一起才很外向，可見作者對(duì)采訪他人很害羞。故D選項(xiàng)“我對(duì)采訪很害羞”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Tenyearsafterthat,IcamebacktoRDtoworkasaneditor.(10年后，我回到了《讀者文摘》，做編輯)”以及后文“I’veworkedatothermagazinestoo,butI’vespentmostofmycareerhere,readingmagazines,newspapers,websites,andbooksforstorieswecouldcondense;writingarticles;evenchoosingjokes.(我也在其他雜志工作過(guò)，但我職業(yè)生涯的大部分時(shí)間都花在這里，閱讀雜志、報(bào)紙、網(wǎng)站和書籍，尋找我們可以簡(jiǎn)縮的故事、寫文章，即使選擇的笑話)”可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾經(jīng)實(shí)習(xí)過(guò)的《讀者文摘》做編輯，可推測(cè)回去的路很漫長(zhǎng)。故A選項(xiàng)“回家的路很長(zhǎng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文““TheTractorWar”takesmehometotheMidwest.“SomethingtoSneezeAt”remindsmeofallthesneezingIdidwhenImovedtoNewYorkCityandwassuddenlyallergictograssesandtrees...Irelatetolotsofourstoriesthismonth,andIhopeyoudotoo.Enjoy!(《拖拉機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)》把我?guī)Щ亓酥形鞑康募摇！洞驀娞绲臇|西》讓我想起我搬到紐約時(shí)的所有打噴嚏，突然對(duì)草和樹過(guò)敏……這個(gè)月我講了很多我們的故事，我希望你也一樣。享受吧！)”可知，后文列舉的故事讓作者想起了自己的經(jīng)歷，故F選項(xiàng)“這一期的故事似乎介紹了我自己”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onebitterlycoldmorningafewyearsback,Iwalkedintothebathroomandturnedonthewatertobrushmyteeth.Nowater.Ina___21___,Iturnedtothekitchenhopingforbetter.No.Mynextstepwastocallmycity___22___department.Thevoicethatansweredwasthatofsomeonewho’dalreadyansweredthephonetoomanytimesthat___23___.Ilearnedthatmywaterlinewas___24___.Onlyonecompanycouldsolvetheproblem,anditwasbooked___25___twodays.Twodayslater,afterIgottheall-clear,theguyatthewaterdepartmenttoldme,“___26___youwanttogothroughthatagain,openatapandletapencilleadstreamofwater___27___fortherestofthewinter.”Forthenextsixweeks,theendlessstreambecameanupsetting___28___ofeverythingIdidn’tknow.Ireallyhadno___29___whereourwatercamefrom.Orhowmyphonecalltothewaterdepartmenthad___30___tothewaterdepartment.AsI___31___outofthewindow,IfurtherrealizedIknewnothingabouttheconcretesidewalkleadingtoourdoor,thelawnbeneaththe___32___fallensnow,thesquirrelsinthetrees

...nothing.AndthesewerejustthethingsIcouldseethroughonesmallwindow.Ihadreadanumberofbooksabout___33___acrossAntarctica,downtheAmazonRiver,andupMountEverest;I’dwrittenbooksabout50,000-year-oldwoodburiedinthe___34___ofNewZealandandtheviolinmakersofCremona,Italy—___35___Iknewnothingabouttheworldrightoutsidemyfrontdoor.21A.fog B.rain C.dusk D.purity22.A.wind B.water C.food D.tooth23.A.morning B.noon C.afternoon D.evening24.A.mended B.frozen C.delivered D.equipped25.A.in B.after C.for D.at26.A.When B.While C.If D.Unless27.A.block B.save C.run D.substitute28.A.saint B.hunter C.settler D.reminder29.A.idea B.chance C.ability D.right30.A.comeby B.gotthrough C.turnedup D.putout31.A.came B.flew C.stared D.ran32.A.randomly B.readily C.thoroughly D.freshly33.A.surfing B.submitting C.journeying D.praying34.A.warehouses B.wetlands C.rays D.air35.A.but B.and C.because D.therefore【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.B25.A26.D27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文中作者通過(guò)幾年前的一個(gè)寒冷的早晨，家里的水被凍住，意識(shí)到自己對(duì)身邊的很多事物都一無(wú)所知?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我迷茫地轉(zhuǎn)向廚房，希望情況好轉(zhuǎn)。A.fog霧；B.rain下雨；C.dusk黃昏；D.purity純凈。此處為短語(yǔ)inafog表示“困惑地”，作者并不知道發(fā)生了什么事情導(dǎo)致沒有水。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的下一步是打電話給我的城市水利部。A.wind風(fēng)；B.water水；C.food食物；D.tooth牙齒。呼應(yīng)后文“theguyatthewaterdepartment”作者給水利部打電話。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：接電話的那個(gè)人在那天早上已經(jīng)接了很多次電話。A.morning早上；B.noon中午；C.afternoon下午；D.evening晚上。呼應(yīng)上文“Onebitterlycoldmorningafewyearsback”作者是早上打的電話。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我得知我的吃水線被凍住了。A.mended修理；B.frozen凍??；C.delivered遞送；D.equipped配備。根據(jù)上文“Onebitterlycoldmorningafewyearsback”可知吃水線被凍住了。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：只有一家公司可以解決這個(gè)問題，并且預(yù)定到兩天之后去了。A.in在；B.after在……之后；C.for為了；D.at在（表示存在或出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所、位置、空間）。根據(jù)后文“Twodayslater”可知，預(yù)定到未來(lái)兩天之后了，應(yīng)用in。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：水務(wù)部門的人告訴我：“除非你想再經(jīng)歷一次那樣的事，否則就打開水龍頭，讓水流一整個(gè)冬天?！盇.When當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.While在……期間；C.If如果；D.Unless除非。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“除非”應(yīng)用unless。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：水務(wù)部門的人告訴我：“除非你想再經(jīng)歷一次那樣的事，否則就打開水龍頭，讓水流一整個(gè)冬天。”A.block阻塞；B.save拯救；C.run流淌；D.substitute替代。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)etapencilleadstreamofwater”可知指讓水流淌一個(gè)冬天，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的六個(gè)星期里，這條無(wú)盡的水流讓我想起了我所不知道的一切。A.saint圣徒；B.hunter獵人；C.settler移居者；D.reminder提醒物。根據(jù)后文“ofeverythingIdidn’tknow”可知水流作為一種提醒物，提醒著作者一切不知道的事情。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的不知道我們的水是從哪里來(lái)的。A.idea想法；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.ability能力；D.right權(quán)利。根據(jù)后文“whereourwatercamefrom”表示不知道水從哪里來(lái)，havenoidea“不知道”。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：或者我打給水務(wù)部門的電話是如何被接通的。A.comeby獲得；B.gotthrough接通；C.turnedup出現(xiàn)；D.putout熄滅。根據(jù)上文“Orhowmyphonecalltothewaterdepartmenthad”指接通電話，應(yīng)用getthrough。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我凝視窗外時(shí)，我進(jìn)一步意識(shí)到，我對(duì)通往我們家門口的水泥人行道、剛下的雪下的草坪、樹上的松鼠……一無(wú)所知。A.came來(lái)到；B.flew飛翔；C.stared凝視；D.ran奔跑。根據(jù)后文“outofthewindow”可知指凝視窗外，故選C。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我凝視窗外時(shí)，我進(jìn)一步意識(shí)到，我對(duì)通往我們家門口的水泥人行道、積雪完全覆蓋下的草坪、樹上的松鼠……一無(wú)所知。A.randomly隨便地；B.readily迅速地；C.thoroughly完全地；D.freshly新近。根據(jù)后文“fallensnow”可知此處指積雪完全覆蓋下的草坪，應(yīng)用thoroughly。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我讀過(guò)許多關(guān)于穿越南極洲、亞馬孫河下游和攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的書；我寫過(guò)關(guān)于埋在新西蘭濕地里的5萬(wàn)年前的木頭和意大利克雷莫納的小提琴制作者的書，但我對(duì)我的大門外的世界一無(wú)所知。A.surfing沖浪；B.submitting提交；C.journeying旅行；D.praying祈禱。根據(jù)后文“acrossAntarctica,downtheAmazonRiver,andupMountEverest”可知此處指穿越南極洲、亞馬孫河下游和攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的旅行的書。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我讀過(guò)許多關(guān)于穿越南極洲、亞馬孫河下游和攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的書；我寫過(guò)關(guān)于埋在新西蘭濕地里的5萬(wàn)年前的木頭和意大利克雷莫納的小提琴制作者的書，但我對(duì)我的大門外的世界一無(wú)所知。A.warehouses倉(cāng)庫(kù)；B.wetlands濕地；C.rays光線；D.air空氣。根據(jù)上文“about50,000-year-oldwoodburiedinthe”可知此處指埋在新西蘭濕地里的5萬(wàn)年前的木頭。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我讀過(guò)許多關(guān)于穿越南極洲、亞馬孫河下游和攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的書；我寫過(guò)關(guān)于埋在新西蘭濕地里的5萬(wàn)年前的木頭和意大利克雷莫納的小提琴制作者的書，但我對(duì)我的大門外的世界一無(wú)所知。A.bu