Book2Unit1grammar教學(xué)講解課件

Grammar關(guān)系詞成分作用主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)(可省)介詞賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句三步：第一找出先行詞；第二看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分

(做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）第三選擇合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞who,that,whichwhom,who,that,whichwhom,whichwhosewhen,where,why用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空.1.Theteachers________arepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ihatejobs___________isboring.3.Haveyougoteverything_______youneed?4.Therearemanytreesunder______theycanhavearest.5.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthismine.6.Thehouseof_____thewindowsfacesouthismine.7.Thewoman_____________hemetishisMon.

.

whose

which/that(whom/who/that)(that)

whichwho/thatwhich8.Theschool______wearestudyingisveryfamous.9.Guilinisacity____hasahistoryof2000years.10.Iwillneverforgettheday_____weworkedtogether11.Iwillneverforgettheday_____wespenttogether.12.Thereason____hewaslateisnottrue.13.Thereason_____hetoldmeisnottrue.14.._weallknow,ourschoolisover100yearsold.15.Themanto_____Iwastalkingismyteacher.wherewhomAswhichwhichwhenwhythat/whichtheschool在從句中作狀語(yǔ)

acity在從句中作主語(yǔ)

Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)

她有兩個(gè)弟弟在這個(gè)城市工作。b)Shehastwobrothers,

whoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)

她有兩個(gè)弟弟,他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市工作。Lookatthesentencesandfindthedifferencemeanings下面兩個(gè)句子只有一個(gè)逗號(hào)之差，意義大相徑庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不會(huì)穿一些使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,這會(huì)使他顯得與眾不同。限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ),如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷浴Ｈ?a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?站在那邊的那個(gè)女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多倫多是我常想去參觀的一個(gè)城市。2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不十分密切,只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說(shuō)明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),一般不用that引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系詞不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都羅馬歷史非常悠久。

Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。(意含:她還有其他哥哥)比較下列句子:Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的,他總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。(意含:她只有一個(gè)哥哥)

Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面帶插圖的書(shū)都寫(xiě)得很好。(意含:不帶插圖的書(shū)則不一定寫(xiě)得好)Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的書(shū)都帶插圖,這些書(shū)都寫(xiě)得很好。(意含:沒(méi)有不帶插圖的書(shū))3.大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ),而特殊場(chǎng)合非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由which引導(dǎo)。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,which

frightenedmeverymuch.一個(gè)中年女子殺害了其丈夫，這事令我十分恐懼。析:從語(yǔ)境可知，令我恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為中年女子殺害了其丈夫這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,which

surprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個(gè)五歲的男孩會(huì)講兩門(mén)外語(yǔ),令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。析:從語(yǔ)境可知,令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到驚訝的內(nèi)容是一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門(mén)外語(yǔ)這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空.1).______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.2).Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhichas

與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用as,意為“正如、恰如”。3).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.4).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時(shí)容易忽略。as在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition

Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhichShewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

練一練3.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大樓)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

7.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,______manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhichtimeBD9.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itB

B11.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.All(A,B,andC)A

D

13.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.ItB

C

15.Isthisbook_____youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Suchabook______youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.likeC

C

17.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_____werepopularthen./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thisisthestore____wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.whichB

A

19.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.Ifas