高二英語人教版選修七講義UNIT3SECTIONⅠ

Unit3witnessoppositefleedragdepthurgeabandontargetsortouthelp(...)outbe/becomeawareofreflectawarenarrowsharpscareupsidedowngetcloseto(be)scaredtodeath背景搶Underthesea單?知識1.It/Thai/Then*was

atimewhen...2.beabouttodo...表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.with.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式投訴信Whalesarebeautifulandcleveranimals.Mostpeopleareawareofihefactthatcommercialwhalingendangerswhalesandagreethatwhalesshouldnotbekilledtomakemoney.Ifyouseewhalesbeingdraggedoutoftheseaandcutup,youmightbeshocked.Anditmightmakeyoureflectonwhetherwhalingshouldbecontinued.ButtherearestillafewcountrieslikeIcelandwhichcontinuecommercialwhaling.In1883thefirstwhalingstationwassetupinAlptafjor-dur.Iceland.Seeingthesuccessofihewhalingstation?peoplesetupanotherfiveontheislandl)elween1896and1903.Whalecatchingreacheditslimitin1902*when1*305whaleswerecaughttoproduceoil.AIKinonwhalingwaspassedinIcelandin1915.('onser-X?vation'^'playedaneffectiveroleinprevailingwhalestrornIm-ingkilledanditwasnotuntil1935thatanIcelandiccompanyLjtiestablishedanotherwhalingstation.Between1948and1975,anaverageof250fin,65baleen,and78spermwhalesweretakenannually.L'nlikethemajorityofcommercialwhalingatthetime,thisoperationwasbasedonthesaleoffrozenmeatratherthanonuil.ii*a［閱讀障礙詞］①commercialadj.商業(yè)的②conservation〃,保護(hù)"That'sOldTom,thekiller,"oneofthewhalers,George,calledouttome.“He'stellingusthere'sawhaleoutthereforus.〃Anotherwhaleryelledout,“Rush-oo...rush-oo.，zThiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.“eon,Clancy.Totheboat,"Georgesaidasheranaheadofme.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn*thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.Afewminuteslater,therewasnoTom,soGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain.Usingatelescopewecouldseethatsomethingwashappening.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.WhatYetheydoing?〃IaskedGeorge.“Well,it'steamwork-thekillersovertherearethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhale'sblow-holetostopitbreathing.Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea,"Georgetoldme,pointingtowardsthehunt.Andjustatthatmoment,themostextraordinarythinghappened.Thekillersstartedracingbetweenourboatandthewhalejustlikeapackofexciteddogs.Thentheharpoonwasreadyandthemaninthebowoftheboataimeditatthewhale.Heletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.Themenstartedturningtheboataroundtogohome.uWhat*shappened?”Iasked.uHavewelostthewhale?”“Ohno,"Jackreplied."We1!!returntomorrowtobringinthebody.Itwon'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.〃“Inthemeantime,OldTom,andtheothersarehavingagoodfeedonitslipsandtongue,〃addedRed,laughing.****AlthoughOldTomandtheotherkillerswerefiercehunters,theyneverharmedorattackedpeople.Infact,theyprotectedthem.TherewasonedaywhenwewereoutinthebayduringahuntandJameswaswashedofftheboat.“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.ThewaveswerecarryingJamesfurtherandfurtherawayfromus.FromJames'sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.ThensuddenlyIsawashark.“Look,there'sasharkoutthere,"Iscreamed.“Don'tworry,OldTomwon'tletitnear,“Redreplied.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.Therewereshoutsof"Welldone,OldTom"and"ThankGod〃aswepulledJamesbackintotheboat.AndthenOldTomwasoffandbacktothehuntwheretheotherkillerswerestillattackingthewhale.虎鯨老湯姆1902年6月，我16歲的時(shí)候，就開頭在捕鯨站工作了。在此之前我曾聽說過虎鯨，它們每年關(guān)心捕鯨人捕獲大鯨魚。那時(shí)我以為這只是一個(gè)故事，但是后來我親眼觀察過許屢次。一天下午我來到捕鯨站，當(dāng)我整理我的住處時(shí)，我聽到從海灣方向傳來了一陣巨大的吵鬧聲。我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)跑到岸邊，看到了一只浩大的動(dòng)物在我們對面從水里跳出來，然后又墜落到水里。它黑白相間，外形像魚。但是我知道它并不是魚?！澳鞘抢蠝?，是虎鯨?！ㄒ晃唤袉讨蔚牟饿L人高聲對我說?！八窃诟嬷覀兡沁呌蓄^鯨，讓我們?nèi)ゲ东C。〃另外一位捕鯨人大聲喊：“快走啊……走啊。〃這是在宣告獵鯨行動(dòng)立刻就要開頭了。“克蘭西，快來。上船去?！▎讨卧谖仪懊孢吪苓呎f。我以前就聽說過喬治不喜愛等待,所以盡管我還沒穿上適宜的衣服，我還是跟在他后面跑了起來。毫不遲疑地我們和其他捕鯨人都跳上船，朝海灣方向駛?cè)?。我向下朝水里望去，可以看到老湯姆就在船旁邊游著，為我們指路。幾分鐘之后，湯姆不見了，于是喬治開頭用槳拍打水面，湯姆消失了，兜了個(gè)圈子轉(zhuǎn)回到船邊，又領(lǐng)著我們前住捕獵處。用望遠(yuǎn)鏡我們可以看到有狀況發(fā)生了。當(dāng)我們行駛到更近的地方時(shí)，我能看到一只鯨受到了大約六只其他虎鯨的攻擊。我問喬治：“它們在做什么？〃“哦，它們在協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)——那邊虎鯨們正在往那只鯨的鼻孔上撲去，不讓它呼吸。而其他那些虎鯨那么阻擋它潛水或逃進(jìn)海里。〃喬治一邊指著捕獵的情景，一邊告知我。就在這時(shí)候，最驚異的事情發(fā)生了?；ⅥL們在我們的船和那只鯨之間開頭追趕，就像一群興奮的狗一樣。然后漁叉預(yù)備好了，站在船頭的那個(gè)人把漁叉瞄準(zhǔn)了那只鯨。他把叉扔了出去，恰好擊中了要害。那只鯨受了重傷，沒過多久就死了。過了片刻，那只鯨的尸體就被虎鯨們快速地拖到深海中去了。捕鯨人開頭調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)船頭回家。“怎么了？〃我問道。“我們失去了那只鯨了嗎？〃“噢，不?！ń芸舜饛?fù)說?！拔覀兠魈煸倩貋磉\(yùn)鯨魚的尸體。它在大約24小時(shí)以內(nèi)是不會(huì)浮出水面的。〃瑞德笑著補(bǔ)充說：“在此期間，老湯姆和其他虎鯨會(huì)飽餐一頓鯨唇和鯨舌?！?***雖然老湯姆和其他虎鯨都是兇狠的捕獵者，但是它們從來不損害人，也不攻擊人。事實(shí)上，它愛護(hù)著他們。有一天，我們出海捕鯨的時(shí)候，詹姆斯從船上掉下去被水沖走了。喬治督促著并大聲喊道：“有人落水了！把船頭調(diào)回去！〃那天海上波濤洶涌，很難操縱船只。海浪把詹姆斯帶走，離我們越來越遠(yuǎn)。從詹姆斯的臉上，我能看出他特別恐驚，生怕被我們遺棄。隨后我突然看到一條鯊魚?！翱矗沁呌幸粭l鯊魚。〃我尖叫起來。瑞德答復(fù)說：“別擔(dān)憂，老湯姆不會(huì)讓它靠近的?！ǎㄎ覀儯┗税雮€(gè)多小時(shí)才把船調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)過來，回到詹姆斯的身旁，當(dāng)我們靠近他時(shí)，我看到老湯姆正在水中穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地托著詹姆斯。我不敢信任我的眼睛。當(dāng)我們把詹姆斯拉回到船上的時(shí)候，大家都?xì)g呼著“老湯姆，好樣的〃和“感謝〃。然后，老湯姆離開了，回到了捕獵的地方，和其他虎鯨一起捕鯨去了。SectionIReading(WarmingUp&Reading)預(yù)讀課I.Pleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.annual A.facing;ontheothersideofaspecificareafromsb./sth.witness B.tostopforashorttimebeforecontinuing3.oppositeC.torunorhurryaway3.oppositeC.torunorhurryawaypauseD.totrytopersuade;toremendstro-ngly;todriveorforceforwardflee E.personwhoseesaneventtakeplacedrag F.distancefromthetoptothebottomofsth.depth G.topullsb./sth.alongwitheffortanddifficultyurgeH.happeningeveryyear答案：1?5HEABC6?8GFDII.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.——Whydidn*tMr.Smitharriveontimeforthemeeting?一Hemusthavebeenhelduponhiswayhereinthetrafficjam.使延誤Theconferencewillbegininanhour;inthemeantime,let*shaveachat.在止匕期間—Doyouworkinthisoffice?一No,asaclerkinthisofficeisonvacation,I'mjusthelpingouthereforaboutaweek.關(guān)心(某人)擺脫逆境或危難Shestudiessohardthatsheisalwayswellaheadoftherestoftheclass.在的前面.Ineedtosortoutthemessonmydesk.整理Anddon'tyellout.Anddon'tworryifyou'reabitslower.大叫2|話題導(dǎo)入Lookatthefollowingpicturesandfillintheblanks.seaturtledolphinseaturtledolphinsharkkillerwhalesharkkillerwhaleAsweknow,theanimalsintheabovepicturesaremarineanimals,andtheyallliveunderthesea.Itssaidthatthemostdangerousanimalsarethesharksandthekillerwhales.3疏通文意I.Fast-readingReadthepassagequicklyandHllintheblank.ThepassageismainlyabouthowOldTom/thekillerwhaleshelpedcatchwhalesandprotectedandsavedthewhalers.MatchthePartswiththeirmainideas.①Part1(—5)A：WewenttothehuntwithTom.②Part2() B：Wekilledthewhalewiththekillers*help.③Part3(-10)C：Wewentbackafterthehunt.④Part4(Paras.11—12)D：IsawOldTomforthefirsttime.答案：①?④DABCII.Careful-readingReadthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.Whatdoes"anenormousanimal“inPara.2referto?A.Akillerwhale. B.Awhale.C.Akindoffish. D.Notmentioned.OldTomthrewitselfoutofthewaterandthencrasheddowninorderto.A?breatheinmoreairB,catchthewhalemunicatewithotherkillersgivethewhalerstheinformationaboutthewhaleWhydidthekillersthrowtheirbodiesontopofthewhale*sblow-hole?Toprotectthewhale.B?Tohelpthewhalerunaway.Tostopthewhalebreathing.Totellotherkillerstoecloser.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.thekillerwhaleswouldn*tkillotherwhalesthekillerwhalesandthewhaleslivedinharmonythekillerwhalesweretheenemyofotherwhalesOldTomwasraisedbythewhalers答案：1?4ADCCIH.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers“astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.［句式分析］Itwasalimewhenthekillerwhales,———定語從句or“killers”astheywerethencalled,-~定語從句helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration. 定語從句［嘗試翻譯］那個(gè)時(shí)期，虎鯨（當(dāng)時(shí)被稱為“〃）關(guān)心捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時(shí)捕獲須鯨。OntheafternoonIarrivedatthestation,asIwassortingoutmyacmodation,Iheardaloudnoiseingfromthebay.［句式分析］①本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句；②主句是Iheardaloudnoiseingfromthebay;③as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；④Iamvedatthestation是定語從句，修飾先行詞afternoon0［嘗試翻譯］一天下午我來到捕鯨站，正在整理住處的時(shí)候，我聽到從海灣那邊傳來一聲巨響。IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.［句式分析］①該句中and連接兩個(gè)并列分句；②第一個(gè)分句為^Ittakes/tookH—彳殳時(shí)間+todosth.〃句型；③其次個(gè)分句中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，beingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語作賓補(bǔ)。演練提熊［嘗試翻譯］我們花了半個(gè)多小時(shí)才把船頭調(diào)向詹姆斯。當(dāng)我們靠近他的時(shí)候，我看到老湯姆正在水中穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地托著他。演練提熊課下過關(guān)檢測提能力［對應(yīng)同學(xué)課下力量提升（九）］閱讀理解AEvenaftercenturiesofexploration,theoceanstillholdsitsmysteries.Althoughweknowmoretodayabouttheworld'soceansandcreatureslivinginthemthaneverbefore,everyonceinawhiletheseabringsupsomethingsostrange,sounexpected,thatmakestheworldwonderwhatitcouldbe.Suchwasthecasewhenthecurrents（水流）oftheMediterraneanOceanrecentlywasheda13-foot-long,smellybodyontotheshoresofthevillageofVillaricosinAndalusia,Spain.AnearlyreportintheSpanishpublicationLavantedescribedthestrange,horned（帶角的）bodyaswhatmightseemlikeabigfish,butitwasalreadyinpieces.LocalsjokedthatitwassomekindofLochNessMonster.Themediajumpedrightonthecreature,ofcourse.Somesitescalleditahornedseamonster.ThepopularnewspaperBoingBoingcalleditadragon.Somepeopleguessedthatitmightbeanoarfish,whichisactuallyararelyseenkindofbigfishthatcangrowupto55feetlong.Butnowtheexpertshaveweighedinandwe'resorrytoreportthatit'snotadragon,aLochNessMonster,orevenanoarfish.uThatisactuallyasharkskeleton（骨架），〃ProfessorGrubbsfromFloridaStateUniversitytoldNBCNews."Thepartstowardthebackwereconfusingme,butthosearethelowercaudalfin（尾鰭）supports.The'horns'arethescapulocoracoidswhichsupportthepectoralfins（胸鰭）."Scapulocoracoidsarebackbonesmontomanyanimals.Sotherewego,anothermysterysolved.Well,theancientmapsthatoncedescribedareasoftheoceanasplacesofdragonshaveyettobeproventrue.Butit'sgoodtoknowthattheoceanstillhasafewsurprisesforus,evenincaseswherethey'rejustdead,smellybodies.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。海邊的一具海洋生物尸體引起了人們的種種猜想，作者由此試圖說明海洋神奇的一面。Thecreaturementionedinthetext.wasabout15feetlongwithahornB?couldprobablygrowupto55feetlongwasalreadyinpiecesbutitwasstillalivewasfoundontheshoresofavillageinSpain解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中“…washeda13-foot-long,smellybodyontotheshoresofthevillageofVillaricosinAndalusia,Spain”可知，該神奇尸體是在西班牙一個(gè)村莊的海岸上發(fā)覺的，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it〃inParagraph2referto?Adragon.Asharkskeleton.Anoarfish.Ahornedseamonster.解析：選B代詞指代題。由第四段中的“'Thatisactuallyasharkskeleton,ProfessorGrubbsfromFloridaStateUniversitytoldNBCNews"可知，這里的it指的是一具鯊魚的骨架，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout.howthecreaturewasfoundB?thecharacteristicsofanoarfishpeople'sguessesaboutthecreatureBoingBoing'sopinionofthecreature解析：選C段落大意題。由第三段中的“seamonster","dragon"和"anoarfish”等信息可知，本段主要敘述人們對于該神奇尸體的種種猜想，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。Themainpurposeofthetextisto.showthemysteryoftheoceanB,askpeopletoprotectseaanimalsintroduceararelyseenkindoffishshowhowgofindsurprisesinthesea解析：選A寫作目的題。由文章首段中的“theoceanstillholdsitsmysteries”和尾段中的“theoceanstillhasafewsurprisesforus”以及文中所舉的事例可知，本文的主要目的是向人們展現(xiàn)海洋神奇的一面，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。BNicolaMacFarlane,41,andherdaughterLucy,four,fromPortobello,nearEdinburgh,wereplayingonthePortobelloBeachwhentheycameacrossanoldglassbottlestickingoutofthesandcontaininganoteinsidewritteninChinese.Itisunclearwhentheletterwassentoff,butitwaswrittenonChineseValentine'sDay,orQixiFestivalasitismoretraditionallyknown,whichfallsontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth.WhetherthemessagehastraveledthousandsofmilesfromChinaorwhetheritwaspennedbyalove-struckpairmuchclosertohomemayremainamystery.ButforNicolaitdoesn'tmatter——sheisstillexcitedtoreadabouttheChineselovestoryafterhavingittranslated.Shesaid,"IreallydohopethatitisfromChinabutevenifitisfromsomeonenearertohome,it'sstillalovelygestureandaninspiringfind.Ifsalovestoryregardlessofwhereitcamefrom.”“Wesawthebottlestickingoutofthesandandjustthoughtitwasjunkthatsomeonehadleftbehind.ButafterpickingitupInoticedtherewasapieceofbrownpaperrolledupinsideandtherewassomeforeignwritingonit.Wequiteexcitedlytookithome,carefullyopenedthebottleandtookoutthesheetofpaperusingsometweezers（鑲子）.WeknewitwasChinese,butwehadnoideawhatitsaid.”UnabletoreadtheChinesetext,NicolaturnedtotheInternetandherAustralianfriend,JulieGould,whosedaughterattendedaChineseschoolinSydney.SeveralhourslaterJuliereturnedwiththenewsthatitwasinfactaloveletter.Nicolasaid,“Itsoundstomelikethecoupleareinlovebutcannotbetogethersotheyhavesentthemessagetotelltheworldoftheirlove.I'mblownawnybyittobehonest—it'sincrediblethatithastraveledallthisway.”語篇解讀:Nicola和4歲的女兒在英國愛丁堡四周海灘發(fā)覺了一個(gè)藏在沙子里的玻璃瓶,瓶子里裝有一封用中文寫的情書，它可能從中國漂流而來，真是太不行思議了。Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.theletterwaswrittenonQixiFestivalB?theletterwasmailedonChineseValentine'sDaythebottlehastraveledalongdistancefromChinathebottlewasthrownintotheseanearEdinburgh解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從其次段中的“itwaswrittenonChineseValentine'sDay,orQixiFestivalasitismoretraditionallyknownv可次口A項(xiàng)正確。Nicolathoughtthebottlewasthrownintotheseabecause.A.thesenderwantedtofindatrueloverthroughtheletterB,thesenderexpectedtofindapartnerwholikedChineseacouplecouldn'tstaytogetherandshowedtheirloveinthiswayacouplefellinlovewitheachotherandwishedtheirlovetolastforever解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最終一段“Itsoundstomelikethecoupleareinlovebutcannotbetogethersotheyhavesentthemessagetotelltheworldoftheirlove”可知，這是一對才目愛的情侶，由于不能在一起，所以他們通過漂流瓶來告知全世界他們的愛。7.Theunderlinedphrase“blownaway〃inthelastparagraphprobablymeansA.depressed B.frightenedC.embarrassed D.impressed解析：選D詞義猜想題。從最終一段"it'sincrediblethatithastraveledallthisway”可知，它一路漂流而來，真是太不行思議了，blownaway應(yīng)與incredible（難以置信的）有相近的意思，依據(jù)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)impressed（印象深刻的，感動(dòng)的）的意思與之最接近。WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNicola*sfeelingsabouttheletter?A.Curiousandexcited.B,Cautiousandexcited.C.Doubtfulanddelighted.D.Curiousanddissatisfied.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文可知，Nicola撿到漂流瓶后，由于奇怪??？，興奮地把它帶回家，然后求助了她的澳大利亞伴侶翻譯信件內(nèi)容。由此可知A項(xiàng)正確。CItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,theforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromacityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog'slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown,sotheywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround,andtheywereonnousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodowascatchthem.Agreementwasreached,andthechildrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthefrogsandhandoverthemoney.Forthefirsttime.thepeoplewereabletodreamofabetterfuture.Butthedreamdidn*tlastlong.Thechangewashardlynoticedatfirst,butitseemedasifthecropswerenotdoingsowell.Moreworryingwasthatthechildrenfellillmoreoften,and,thereseemedtobemoreinsectsaroundlately.Thevillagersdecidedthattheycouldn'tjustwaittoseethecropsfailingandthechildrengettingweak.Theywouldhavetousethemoneyearnedtobuypesticides（殺蟲劑）andmedicines.Soontherewasnomoneyleft.Thenthepeoplerealisedwhatwashappening.Itwasthefrog.Theyhadn'tbeenuseless.Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob-eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases.Now,thepeoplearestillpoor.Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentothesoundsofinsectsandfrogs.Thesesoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning.語篇解讀：本文通過描寫印度的一個(gè)小村莊由于過度捕殺青蛙而對莊稼和孩子造成了損害，后