2021-2022學(xué)年陜西省咸陽市涇陽縣石橋中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年陜西省咸陽市涇陽縣石橋中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.It’sveryhotanddry,butit

tobecoolintheevening.

A．expects

B．promises

C．wants

D．hopes參考答案：B2.Much________mysurprise,everystudentlookedatme_________surprisewhenIcameintotheclassroomA.in;to

B.to;by

C.to;in

D.in;in參考答案：C略3.—Doremembertotakethemedicinethreetimesadaywithwarmboiledwater．—

．A．Heardit

B．Madeit

C．Gotit

D．Takenit參考答案：C

4.______disappointedusmostwasthattheguidewasalwaysaskingustoleave____wethoughtveryinteresting.A.It;where

B.What;what

C.What;where

D.It;what參考答案：B5.Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_______thePacific,andwemetnostorms.

A．wascalled

B．iscalled

C．hadbeencalled

D．hasbeencalled參考答案：B

解析：本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。在非限定性定語從句中，表示的是一種現(xiàn)在仍沿用的稱呼，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。6.Shedidn’tallowtheaccidenttodiscourageher.Onthecontrary,shebegantowork______.

A.astwicehard

B.twiceashard

C.twiceasharder

D.hardertwice參考答案：B7.

BeijingannouncedonSeptember23rdthatthedate_____eventsmarkingthe40thanniversary____thenormalizationofChina-Japanrelationswillbe"adjustedtoanappropriatetime".

A.on,to

B.for,of

C.of,for

D.to,with參考答案：B8.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemislikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.A.that

B.how

C.whether

D.why參考答案：A9.24．Withtheincomes_____continuously,somepeoplenowcanaffordexpensiveclothingofthelatestfashion．

A．torise

B．risen

C．rising

D．beingrisen參考答案：C略10.Anindoormanreferstoapersonwhospends__________timeonindooractivities,suchasplayingcomputergames,sleepingandwatchingsportsontelevision.A.appropriate

B.specific

C.limited

D.considerable參考答案：D略11.In1768,________commanderoftheEndeavour,JamesCooks,metJosephBanks,whowasappointed________presidentoftheRoyalSociety10yearsago.A./;/

B./;theC.the;the

D.the;/參考答案：D考查冠詞。句意：1768年，奮進號的指揮官詹姆斯·庫克遇見了十年前被任命為皇家學(xué)會會長的約瑟夫·班克斯。第一空特指奮進號的指揮官，用定冠詞the，第二空president表示頭銜前面不加冠詞，故選D.12.Jack

inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.A.works

B.hasworked

C.wasworking

D.wouldwork參考答案：C試題分析：題目考查時態(tài)。句意：突然斷電時，杰克正在實驗室里工作。根據(jù)occurred可知，這里指過去發(fā)生的事情，斷電時，杰克正在工作，綜合用過去進行時，故選C?！久麕燑c睛】一、過去進行時的構(gòu)成：was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)二、過去進行時的用法：1.表示在過去某時刻正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，通常與表過去的時間狀語連用。例如：Atthismomentyesterday,Iwaspackingforcamp.2.表移動的動詞，如come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等詞的過去進行時，可以表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。例如：ShetoldmethatshewasgoingtoHainanforherholiday.3.在含有時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，表示一個過去的動作發(fā)生時或發(fā)生之后，另一個動作正在進行。例如：Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.4.在敘述或描寫過去的事情時，過去進行時經(jīng)常與其他過去時態(tài)，特別是一般過去時連用。但是過去進行時往往表示背景。例如：Onenight,hewastypinginhisstudy.Suddenly,amanbrokeintohishouseandcutofftheelectricity.13.－Howlongdoyouthinkitis

hearrivedhere?－OnlyhalfayearIbelieve．A．when

B．since

C．before

D．that參考答案：B8.Thestudentinsistedthathe_____nothingwrongandwouldnever_____theteacher.A.haddone;givein

B.haddone;giveintoC.shoulddo;giveaway

D.shoulddo;giveup參考答案：B略15.Whentheaudienceheardthealarm,theyallhurriedto

theythoughtwasanemergencyexitdoor．A．what

B．which

C．where

D．who參考答案：A16.Whentheyretire,manypeopleover60preferthehousesinthecountrytospendtheirremainingyearsto__________inalargecity.A.it

B.that

C.those

D.which參考答案：C略二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。CureforSorrowThereisanoldstorytellingaboutawomanwhoseonlysondiedinanaccident.Inher

21

,shewenttothewisemanthatisalways

22

forhiswisdominhertownandsaid,“Whatadviceorwhat

23

waysdoyouhavetobringmysonbacktolife?Iwill

24

youwithallIhaveifyoucan.”Insteadofsendingherawayor

25

withher,hesaidtoher,“Fetchmeamustard(芥末)seedfromahomethathasnever

26

sorrow.Wewilluseittodrivethesorrowoutofyourlife.”Thewomanwentoffatoncein

27

ofthatmagicalmustardseed.Shecamefirsttoasplendidapartment,

28

atthedoor,andsaidinan

29

voice,“Iamlookingforahomethathasneverknownsorrow.Isthissucha(n)

30

thatIwant?Itisveryimportanttome.”

31

,shedidn’tgetwhatshewanted,evenwithoutasinglewordof

32.Theytoldherthatshehadcometothewrongplace.Andtheybeganto

33

allthetragicthingsthatrecentlyhadhappenedtothem.Thewomansaidtoherself,“Whoisbetterabletohelpthesepoor,

34

peoplethanI,thoughIalsohavehadmisfortuneofmyown?”She

35

tocomfortthemtillthey

36

.Thenshewentonsearchingforahomethathadneverknownsorrow.But

37

sheturnedup,insmallcottagesorinotherplaces,shefoundone

38

afteranotherofsadnessandmisfortune.Shebecameso

39

inhelpingotherpeopleoutoftheirsorrowthatfinallysheforgotaboutherrequestforthespecialmustardseed,infact,never

40

thatithaddriventhesorrowoutofherlife.21．A．joy

B．danger

C．belief

D．sorrow22．A．envied

B．considered

C．respected

D．treated23．A．strange

B．magical

C．valuable

D．important24．A．reward

B．supply

C．provide

D．a(chǎn)ward25．A．quarreling

B．discussing

C．reasoning

D．a(chǎn)rguing26．A．suffered

B．known

C．obtained

D．forgotten27．A．honor

B．favor

C．need

D．search28．A．knocked

B．broke

C．stood

D．pointed29．A．excited

B．confident

C．sad

D．urgent30．A．place

B．a(chǎn)nswer

C．a(chǎn)partment

D．person31．A．Luckily

B．Immediately

C．Gradually

D．Unfortunately32．A．praise

B．Respect

C．comfort

D．encouragement33．A．exchange

B．describe

C．simplify

D．decorate34．A．unfortunate

B．unfriendly

C．unimportant

D．unfamiliar35．A．planned

B．managed

C．continued

D．stayed36．A．settledown

B．breakdown

C．calmdown

D．getdown37．A．wherever

B．whatever

C．however

D．whenever38．A．excuse

B．tale

C．lie

D．reason39．A．curious

B．puzzled

C．worried

D．involved40．A．recognizing

B．realizing

C．remembering

D．wondering參考答案：21—25DCBAC

26—30BDCAA

31-35DCBAD

36-40CABDB三、閱讀理解18.Noonehasatempernaturallysogood,thatitdoesnotneedattentionandcultivation,andnoonehasatempersobad,butthat,byproperculture,itmaybecomepleasant.Oneofthebestdisciplinedtemperseverseen,wasthatofagentlemanwhowasnaturallyquick,irritable,rash,andviolent;but,bytakingcareofthesick,andespeciallyofmentallyderanged(瘋狂的)people,hesocompletelymasteredhimselfthathewasneverknowntobethrownoffhisguard.Thereisnomiserysoconstant,soupsetting,andsointolerabletoothers,asthatofhavingacharacterwhichisyourmaster.Therearecornersateveryturninlife,againstwhichwemayrun,andatwhichwemaybreakoutinimpatience,ifwechoose.LookatRogerSherman,whorosefromahumbleoccupationtoaseatinthefirstCongressoftheUnitedStates,andwhosejudgmentwasreceivedwithgreatrespectbythatbodyofdistinguishedmen.Hemadehimselfmasterofhistemperandcultivateditasagreatbusinessinlife.Thereareoneortwoinstanceswhichshowthispartofhischaracterinalightthatisbeautiful.Oneday,afterhavingreceivedhishighesthonors,hewassittingandreadinginhissittingroom.Astudent,inaroomcloseby,heldalooking-glassinsuchapositionastopourthereflectedraysofthesundirectlyinMrSherman?sface.Hemovedhischair,andthethingwasrepeated.Athirdtimethechairwasmoved,butthelooking-glassstillreflectedthesuninhiseyes.Helaidasidehisbook,wenttothewindow,andmanywitnessesoftherudebehaviorexpectedtoseetheungentlemanlystudentseverelypunished.Heraisedthewindowgently,andthen—shutthewindowblind!Icannothelpprovidinganotherinstanceofthepowerhehadacquiredoverhimself.Hewasnaturallypossessedofstrongpassions,butovertheseheatlengthobtainedanextraordinarycontrol.Hebecamehabituallycalmandself-possessed.MrShermanwasoneofthosemenwhoarenotashamedtomaintaintheformsofreligionintheirfamilies.OnemorninghecalledthemalltogetherasusualtoleadtheminprayertoGod.The"oldfamilyBible"wasbroughtoutandlaidonthetable.MrShermantookhisseatandplacedbesidehimoneofhischildren,achildofhisoldage.Therestofthefamilywereseatedaroundtheroom,severalofwhomwerenowgrown-ups.Besidesthese,someofthetutorsofthecollegewereboardersinthefamilyandwerepresentatthetime.Hisagedmotheroccupiedacorneroftheroom,oppositetheplacewherethedistinguishedJudgesat.Atlength,heopenedtheBibleandbegantoread.Thechildwhowasseatedbesidehimmadesomelittledisturbance,uponwhichMrShermanpausedandtoldittobestill.Againhecontinuedbutagainhehadtopausetoscoldthelittleoffender,whoseplayfulcharacterwouldscarcelypermitittobestill.Atthistimehegentlytappeditsear.Theblow,ifblowitmightbecalled,caughttheattentionofhisagedmother,whonowwithsomeeffortrosefromtheseatandtotteredacrosstheroom.Atlength,shereachedthechairofMrSherman,andinamoment,mostunexpectedlytohim,shegavehimablowontheearwithalltheforceshecouldgather.“There,”saidshe,“youstrikeyourchild,andIwillstrikemine.”Foramoment,thebloodwasseenmountingtothefaceofMrSherman.Butitwasonlyforamomentandallwascalmandmildasusual.Hepaused;heraisedhisglasses;hecasthiseyeuponhismother;againitfelluponthebookfromwhichhehadbeenreading.Notawordescapedhim;butagainhecalmlypursuedtheservice,andsoonsoughtinprayeranabilitytosetanexamplebeforehishouseholdwhichshouldbeworthyoftheirimitation.Suchavictorywasworthmorethantheproudestoneeverachievedonthefieldofbattle.45.ThefollowingsentenceshouldbeputatthebeginningofParagraph_______.?Thedifferenceinthehappinesswhichisreceivedbythemanwhogovernshistemperandthatbythemanwhodoesnotisdramatic(戲劇性的，巨大的).A.Five B.FourC.Three D.Two46.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingreasons. B.Bylistingarguments.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bycomparingfacts.47.WhatwasRogerSherman?sattitudetowardshisagedmother?A.Tolerant. B.SkepticalC.Grateful.. D.Sympathetic.48.WhatcanwelearnaboutRogerSherman?A.Hecamefromadistinguishedfamilybackground.B.Hewasnotgoodatdisplayinghistrueinnerfeelings.C.Heseverelypunishedastudentwhodidn?tbehavehimself.D.Hewasamanconsciousoftheconsequencesofhisbehavior.49.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.MrShermanwasashamedofhismother?sbehavior.B.MrShermanwasthenonthepointofexploding.C.MrSherman?sfacewascoveredwithblood.D.MrShermanwasseekingstrengthinprayer.50.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TreasureyourBible.B.Saveyourself-esteem.C.Mindyourmanners.D.Controlyourtemper.參考答案：45.D

46.C

47.A

48.D

49.B

50.D【分析】本文為說明文。人的脾氣不是天生就是好的。通過適當(dāng)?shù)奈幕摒B(yǎng)訓(xùn)練，脾氣不好的可以變好，并通過例子來證明。本文對控制自己脾氣的人和不控制自己脾氣的人進行了對比，從而得出二者所獲得的幸福差異很大，控制好自己脾氣的會獲得幸福和別人的尊重。所以我們要控制自己的情緒?！?5題詳解】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文第一段就人的脾氣可以通過后天的文化修養(yǎng)變得好。第二段未能控制好脾氣的人會因此痛苦。從第三段用例子來說證明，控制好的人脾氣和未能控制好脾氣的人的差異。由此可判斷出第二段提出控制和未控制好脾氣的人二者的區(qū)別。題目中的“Thedifferenceinthehappinesswhichisreceivedbythemanwhogovernshistemperandthatbythemanwhodoesnotisdramatic”的句意“控制自己脾氣的人和不控制自己脾氣的人所獲得的幸福感的差異是戲劇性的”可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)放在第二段前面，故選D項?！?6題詳解】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析文章可知，文章的第一和第二段提出觀點，接著用RogerSherman的事例來證明，可知本文以舉例展開的。分析選項可知C項正確。47題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)謝爾曼他們在祈禱時，他最小的孩子因為調(diào)皮被謝爾曼先生輕輕拍了，引起了年邁的母親不滿并打了他一巴掌，謝爾曼先生漲紅了臉；片刻之后，一切又恢復(fù)了往常的平靜。謝爾曼先生停下來看了看老母親，轉(zhuǎn)而視線又回到了他剛在看的書上。他什么也沒說，只是繼續(xù)平靜地進行儀式。由此可知謝爾曼對他年邁的母親是寬容的，分析選項可知A項符合題意，故選A。【48題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后的內(nèi)容receivedwithgreatrespectbythatbodyofdistinguishedmen.Hemadehimselfmasterofhistemperandcultivateditasagreatbusinessinlife.Thereareoneortwoinstanceswhichshowthispartofhischaracterinalightthatisbeautiful.可知，“他受人尊重是因為他做自己脾氣的主人不受脾氣所左右，畢生都把培養(yǎng)自己的好脾氣當(dāng)做一件大事來看待。有一兩個例子可以充分看出他這種出色的性格”。接著從第四段一直至最后用事例來他一生都在控制自己的脾氣，并給家人樹立了值是人效仿的好榜樣（setanexamplebeforehishouseholdwhichshouldbeworthyoftheirimitation）?？芍且粋€知道自己行為后果的人。分析選項可知D項符合題意，故選D項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，前后意思是相反的。“Foramoment,thebloodwasseenmountingtothefaceofMrSherman.Butitwasonlyforamomentandallwascalmandmildasusual.”“有一瞬間，謝爾曼漲紅了臉。但這只是一瞬間，一切都像往常一樣平靜而溫和”。可知前面一句是不平靜，可知是生氣了，漲紅了臉。分析選選項（A.謝爾曼為他母親的行為感到羞愧；B.謝爾曼當(dāng)時就要爆炸了；C.謝爾曼的臉上滿是血；D.謝爾曼在祈禱中尋求力量）可知B就是生氣的意思，故B項符合題意。【50題詳解】主旨大意題。本文的第一段敘述了沒有人天生就有一個好脾氣的，脾氣不好的人只要恰當(dāng)培養(yǎng)訓(xùn)練，壞脾氣也能變好。第二段到最后用事例證明人能控制好自己的脾氣，控制好脾氣的人會得到幸福的，因此要控制好自己的脾氣。而且文章反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的單詞是temper，且有詞disciplinedtempers，masteredhimself，madehimselfmasterofhistemper，這些詞都與D項中的controltemper是同義詞。根據(jù)以上的分析可知B項（控制你的脾氣）符合題意，故選D項。【點睛】選擇標題在英語閱讀理解中屬于主旨大意題，是一種深層理解題。要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認真分析文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。通常情況下，標題要有根據(jù)性，針對性和醒目性的特點。所謂概括性，就是指標題應(yīng)最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題。針對性就是對標題外延的一種界定，標題要直接指向文章的主要特點。而醒目性是為了吸引了讀者的注意，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。確定最佳標題的方法。在閱讀文章時，要注意文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或強調(diào)的信息，尋找與文章大多數(shù)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息。找出覆蓋全文的核心詞匯，看選項內(nèi)容是否切中文章的中心論題。也就是要看選項內(nèi)容與作者的寫作目的是否一致。如第6小題，文章反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的單詞是disciplinedtempers，masteredhimself，madehimselfmasterofhistemper，這與選項D中的這些詞都與controltemper是同義詞。與D項相照應(yīng)。由此得出正確的答案。19.Companionplantingistheideathatwhensomecropsareplantedtogether,theyhelpeachothergrow.Thecompatibleplantsgenerallyhavesimilarneedsfornutrients,soilandmoisture.Adviceforcompanionplantingsissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.ButFabianFernandezattheUniversityofIllinoissaysthereisevidenceforsomecombinations.Thesecanleadtobettercrops,reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.Forexample,somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogen(氮)fromtheairandmakeaformthatplantscanuse.Theplantskeepthenitrogenintheirroots.

Legumes(豆類)areespeciallygoodatthis.Anycropssharingthesamespacecangetthenitrogenastherootsdecompose(腐爛).Cropslikebeansandpotatoes,carrotsandcabbages,beansandricecanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdown,sotheydonotcompetewithshallowerplants.Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother'sdevelopment.Forexample,tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes,asthenamesuggests.Soyouwouldprobablynotwanttoputthemtogether.Evenafterharvest,somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapart.Apples,forexample,releaseethylenegas,aplanthormone.Itcancauseotherfoodstoripen(成熟)tooquickly.Marketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethataresensitivetothegas.Butsometimesyoumightwantthemtogether.Forexample,ifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana,thebananawillbereadytoeatsooner.Nowwhataboutpeaches,plumsandnectarinesthataretoofirmtoeat?GrowersinCaliforniaanswerthisquestionat.Theysayanapple,abananaorariperpieceoffruitisnotneeded.Thepeaches,plumsandnectarinesthemselvesreleaseenoughofthegastoripensuccessfully.Here'stheiradvice:placethefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroomtemperature.Whenthefruitissoftenoughtoyourliking,eitheruseitorplaceitinarefrigeratortostopfurtherripening.12.Whatarethebasicneedsforcompanionplanting?A.Goodoldcompanions.

B.Somekindsofsoilbacteria.C.Nutrients,soilandmoisture.

D.Helpfulinsects.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Tosomeextent,companionplantingreliesmoreontraditionalexperience.B.Inthefie