高考英語句子成分課件

FUNTIONSINSENTENCESForSenior句子成分包括： 主語 謂語 表語 賓語 1、及物動詞賓語和介詞賓語； 2、直接賓語和間接賓語 補足語 定語 狀語 原因、時間、地點、方式、條件、 結果、目的、比較、讓步、程度 主語名詞、代詞、動詞-ing、動詞不定式、wh+動詞不定式、從句都可以作主語。1.Ourmasterisverykind.2.Heisagoodboy.3.TeachingthemEnglishisherjob.4.Toworkwiththemisveryinteresting5.Itisnecessaryforhimtoattendthe meetingtomorrow.6.Itisnecessarythathewillattendthe meetingtomorrow.(注意對比)

Itwasinthebook-shopthatI metoneofmyoldclassmates lastSunday.7.Whattodonextisunknown.8.Whatwewilldonextisunknown.謂語謂語包括時態(tài)和語態(tài)。I.時態(tài) 現(xiàn)在時 一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 現(xiàn)在完成進 行時1)Hedoesn’tworkinthisfactory.2)IsTomwatchingTVinthesitting-room now?3)TheyhavelearnedthreeEnglishsongs already. 4)WehavebeenlearningEnglishfor almosttwoyearssinceMr.Brown taughtus.過去時一般過去時過去進行時 過去完成時 過去將來時1)Ididn’tgothereforsomefoodyesterday.2)TheyweredoingtheirhomeworkwhenI enteredtheirclassroom. 3)Beforehearrivedatthecinema,thefilm hadbeenonforfourminutes.4)Hesaidhewouldcomeheretohelpus.將來時 一般將來時將來進行時將來完成時 1)WilltheyvisitthemuseumnextSunday?2)Iwillbewaitingforyouattheschool gateat5o’clocktomorrowevening.3)Shewillhavefinishedthereportbythe endofnextmonth.II.語態(tài)基本結構 be+動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在時 一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 1)Ourbedroomisoftenkeptcleanevery day.2)Isourcarbeingrepairinginthegarage now?3)Thebuildingovertherehasbeenbuilt.It isforwomenandchildren.過去時一般過去時過去進行時 過去完成時 過去將來時1)WasthisdictionaryboughtlastTuesday?2)Theperformancewasbeinggiveninthe streetwhenIwaspassingby.3)Theoperationhadbeencarriedouton

Tombeforehisparentsgottothehospital.4)Themanagersaidthatthegoodswould besenttothechain-shopsassoonas possible.將來時 一般將來時將來完成時 1)Anewchemicalworkswillbebuilt amongthehillsfarawayfromourtown.2)Themeetingwillhavebeenendedby6 o’clockthisafternoon.賓語名詞、代詞、動詞-ing、動詞不定式、wh+動詞不定式、從句都可以作賓語。賓語包括及物動詞賓語和介詞賓語。1)Idon’tknowthemanoverthere.2)Hewantstobeanengineer.3)Alicethinksitinterestingtoswimwith hersister.4)Didyouenjoyplayinggameswiththem atthelastparty?5)Doyouknowwheretoholdthesports meet?6)Idon’tknowwherethesportsmeetwill beheld.7)Weareinterestedin

Englishandmaths.8)Wemustpreventtheriversfrom

being polluted.直接賓語和間接賓語1.Hepassedme

abottleofsalt.2.Hepromisedhisteacher

tohelpus.(對比)Heaskedhisteachertohelphim.3.Sheaskedme

aquestionjustnow.(對比)MarkmadeLondon

thebaseforthe revolution.表語名詞、形容詞、表示方向地點的副詞、動詞-ing、動詞的過去分詞、動詞不定式、WH+動詞不定式、介詞短語、從句都可以作表語。1)Heisn’tateacher.2)Johnisquitetall.3)Aretheyin?4)Hisfull-timejobissellingnewspapers.(對比)Heissellingnewspapersnow.5)Thecupisbroken.(對比)Thecupwasbrokenbythecatlast night.6)Hewastoleavewhenthephonerang.7)Thequestioniswhenandwheretogofor picnic.8)Thequestioniswhenandwherewewill goforapicnic.9)Thechildrenareinthereading-room now.補足語補足語 可分為主語補足語和賓語補足語名詞、形容詞、表示方向地點的副詞、動詞-ing、動詞的過去分詞、動詞不定式、介詞短語等都可以作補足語1)WeallmadeJackmonitoratthelast classmeeting.Jackwasmademonitoratthelast classmeeting.2)Didyoufindourroomverydirty?Wasourroomfoundverydirty?3)Lethimin,please.4)Someonefoundhimswimminginthe riverwhenitwasgettingdark.Hewasfoundswimming

intheriver whenitwasgettingdark.5)Iheardhimsingthreepopsongsinthe nextroomlastnight.Hewasheardtosingthreepopsongs inthenextroomlastnight.6)Iaskedhimtogiveherhisuncle’sphone number.Hewasaskedtogiveherhisuncle’s phonenumber.7)Hefoundhishousebrokenintowhenhe gothome.Hishousewasfoundbrokenintowhenhe gothome.8)Didyouseehimunderthetreealone?Washeseenunderthetreealone?定語定語可分為：前置定語和后置定語。形容詞、物主代詞的所有格、(單個)動詞ing形式、(單個)過去分詞常作前置定語。1)ThetallboyisTom’s

elderbrother.2)Thedancinghallisbeingrepairednow.3)Thebrokencupisn’tmine.4)Thesleepinggirlis

my

youngersister.else常作后置定語。形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等詞常作后置定語。形容詞短語、介詞短語、動詞不定式、動詞ing短語、動詞過去分詞短語、定語從語等都常作后置定語。else常作后置定語1)Mum,isthereanythingelseformeto do?2)Whatelsedidyousayatthelast meeting?3)Whoelsewenttherewithyoulastnight?4)Whereelsehaveyoubeenbesides Shanghai?形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等詞常作后置定語1)A:Anythingelsetobuybesidesmeat? B:Nothingelse.Thankyou,Jack.2)A:Isthereanythinginterestingin today’snewspaper? B:Yes.Look!Andhereissomething important.形容詞短語、介詞短語、動詞不定式、動詞ing短語、動詞過去分詞短語、定語從語等都常作后置定語1)Theboyfullofbraveryrushedintothe burninghouseandcarriedanoldlady out.2)Doyouknowthemanwithabluehaton hishead?3)Sorry,Ican’tgowithyoubecauseI’ll havesomethingimportant

towrite.4)Boysandgirls,todaythereisalittle homeworktodo.5)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnexttothepark isforthechildren.6)Hecan’trecognizethebikestolentwo weeksago.7)Themanwhosesonisasoldierlives here.8)ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedis stillthere.9)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschool soundsreasonable.注意enough和

nearby1)Ihaven’tgotenoughmoney.Ican’t affordit.2)Wehavetimeenoughtodothework.3)Ifyouareintrouble,askapoliceman nearbyforhelp.=Ifyouareintrouble,askanearby policemanforhelp.狀語(原因、時間、地點、方式、條件、結果、目的、比較、讓步、程度、伴隨)1.原因狀語1)Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday becausehewasill/becauseofhis illness.2)Sinceallofusarehere,let’sbeginour meeting.3)Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwent outtoplayfootball.4)Whydidn’tyouattendmybirthday party?5)Asitwaslate,Imadehastetogo.(注意) Getup,Tom,forthebirdsaresinging.2.時間狀語1)Theywillbethereat8:00a.m.tomorrow.2)Thetrainhadleftbeforewegottothe railwaystation.3)ItwasthenthatIrecognizehimatthe airport.4)Onlywhensheenteredherhouse,didshe findeverythingstolen.5)Seeingtheoldphotos,heremembered hislifeinthecountryside.6)Havingbeentakentothehospital,the injuredintheaccidentweretakengood careof.7)Onceseen,itwillneverbeforgotten.3.地點狀語1)Theywantedtogothereforhelp.2)Myfatherworksinthisfactory.3)We,youngpeople,shouldgowherethere arealotofdifficulties.4.方式狀語1)Iwillgotovisitthemuseumbybikethis Sunday.2)

A:Howdidyougettothemountain? B:OnFood.3)Helookedatmestrangely.4)Thechildrencameintotheclassroom, singingandlaughing.5)Theprofessorcamein,followedbyhis assistants.5)Alicesattherewithabookinherhand. =Alicesatthere,bookinhand.5.條件狀語真實條件1)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgooutfor apicnic.2)Iwon’tcomeunlessIaminvited.=Iwon’tcomeifnotinvited.3)Youwillgooutsolongasyoupromise tocomebackbefore10o’clocktonight.(注意)Idon’tknowifheisinthelabnow.虛擬條件1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tsaythat.2)Hewouldseemyuncleifhestayedhere now.3)Youwouldhavemetthefamous professorifyouhadattendedthe meeting.=Hadyouattendedthemeeting,youwould havemetthefamousprofessor.4)IfIwereheretomorrow,Iwouldjoinyou inthecamp.5)Ifyouweretoseeit,youwouldalways rememberitforever.=Wereyoutoseeit,youwouldalways rememberitforever.6)Iwouldtelephoneherassoonaspossible ifsheshouldbeinterestedinit.=Shouldshebeinterestedinit,Iwouldtelephoneherassoonaspossible.6.結果狀語1)Heissokindthatallthechildrenhere likeshimverymuch.2)Johngotupsoearlythathecaughtthe firstbusthismorning.3)Wesatatthebackofthemeeting-room sothatnobodysawus.4)Heissoyoungtogotoschool.5)Heisn’ttallenoughtoreachthebookonthetopoftheshelf.7.目的狀語1)Hestartedat6:00a.m.inorderthathe couldarrivethereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.inordertoarrive thereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.sothathecould arrivethereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.soastoarrive thereintime.=Inordertoarrivethereintime,hestarted at6:00a.m.2)Hewentthereforsomeassistance.3)Shecameheretoborrowsomebooks.4)A:Whatdidhecomeherefor? B:Forsomefood.5)A:Whatdidhecomeherefor? B:Tobuysomefood.8.比較狀語

I.同級比較1)HeisastallasI.2)Thisriveristwiceaslongasthatone.3)Hedoesn’tworksohardashisbrother.4)Thisropeisthesamelengthasthatone.II.比較級

1)BobistallerthanTom.2)Heranmuchfaster

thanhisclassmate, Jacky.3)Thiswatchisthreetimesmore expensive thanthatone.4)Whichisbetter,AorB?5)Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.6)Themoreyoulearn,themoreyouget.7)Heistallerthananyotherclassmatein myclass.=Heistallerthananyoneelseinmyclass.=Heisthetalleststudentinmyclass.(注意) HegavemorefoodtomethantoJoan. Heme Joan HegavemorefoodtomethanJoan. He me JoanIII.

最高級1)TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriver inChina.2)Thisisthemostinterestingbookamong thesefourbooks.3)Intherace