英語專四真題how to assesa graduate school

英語專四真題howtoassesagraduateschool2022年英語專業(yè)四級真題試卷完整版和聽力音頻原文第一部分：真題試卷TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2022)-GRADEFOUR-TIMELIMIT:130MINPARTⅠDICTATION[10MIN]PleaewritethewholepaageonANSWERSHEETONE。音頻位置（喜馬拉雅）：PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPERHESION[20MIN]SECTIONATALKInthiectionyouwillhearatalk。YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY。Whilelitening,youmaylookatthetakonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap。Makeurewhatyoufillinibothgrammaticallyandemanticallyacceptable。Youmayeachgap。Makeurewhatyoufillinibothgrammaticallyandemanticallyacceptable。Youmayuetheblankheetfornote-taking。YouhaveTHIRTYecondtopreviewthegap-fillingtak。Nowlitentothetalk。Whenitiover,youwillbegivenTWOminutetocheckyourwork。SECTIONBCONVERSATINSInthiectionyouwillheartwoconveration。Attheendofeachconveration,fivequetionwillbeakedaboutwhatwaaid。BoththeconverationandthequetionwillbepokenONCEONLY。Aftereachquetiontherewillbeaten-econdpaue。Duringthepaue,youhouldreadthefourchoiceof[A],[B],[C]and[D],andmarkthebetanwertoeachquetiononANSWERSHEETTWO。YouhaveTHIRTYecondtopreviewthechoice。Now,litentotheconveration。ConverationOneQuetion1to5arebaedonConverationOne。1、[A]ManyforeignlanguagearepokeninBritain。[B]EveryoneinBritaincanpeakaforeignlanguage。[C]TheBritihareunabletopeakaforeignlanguage。[D]TheBritihcanurviveontheirmothertongue。2、[A]Chinee。[B]Polih。[C]Punjabi。[D]Urdu。3、[A]Tohelpimproveinternationaltrade。[B]Toallowapeakertoholdaimpletalk。[C]Toimprovetheeducationytem。[D]Toencouragelearninganotherlanguage。4、[A]Itgiveyouelf-atifaction。[B]Itmakeyoumoreconfident。[C]Ityouanadvantage。[D]Itmakeyouworkhard。5、[A]Workmate。[B]Schoolmate。[C]Teacherandtudent。[D]Brotheranditer。ConverationTwoQuetion6to10arebaedonConverationTwo。6。[A]Anunreaonablefear。[B]Adangerouevent。[C]Amallprobability。[D]Arik-aeingability。7。[A]Oneinonemillion。[B]Oneinfourmillion。[C]Oneinfourteenmillion。[D]Oneinfortymillion。8。[A]Futureevent。[B]Catatrophicevent。[C]Small-calediater。[D]Smokinghazard。9。[A]Travelingbyair。[B]Ridingabicycle。[C]Catchingbirdflu。[D]Smokingcigarette。10。[A]Theygetpleaurefromrik。[B]Theycancontrolpotentialrik。[C]Theycanaedangerfromrik。[D]Theyhavetrongneedforrik。PARTⅢLANGUAGEUSAGE[10MIN]Therearetwentyentenceinthiection。Beneatheachentencetherearefouroptionmarked[A]。[B],11、TheBentPyramidoutideCairo___ancientEgypt’firtattempttobuildamooth-idedpyramid。[A]habeenbelievedtohavebeen[B]wabelievedtobe[C]ibelievedtohavebeen[D]ibelievedtobe12、U。S。New___rankingofcollegeince1983、Theyareaverypopularreourcefortudentlookingtoapplytoauniveritycampu。[A]maintain[B]imaintaining[C]maintained[D]habeenmaintaining[A]actually[B]otherwie[C]accidentally[D]eldom14、Shewaonceayoungcountrywifewithchickeninthebackyardandaviewof__mountainbehindtheappleorchard。[A]Virginiabluehazy[B]Virginiahazyblue[C]hazyblueVirginia[D]bluehazyVirginia15、Ilongtoalleviate___,butIcannot。[A]theevil[B]evil[C]evil[D]anevil16。Indeed,itiarguablethatbodyhatteringitheverypointoffootball,akillingandmaiming____。[A]war[B]arewar[C]ofwar[D]areofwar17。At____,photographyiachemicalproce,duringwhichalight-enitivematerialialteredwhenepoedtolight。[A]itmotbaic[B]itbaic[C]themotbaic[D]thebaic18。Shehiredalawyertoinvetigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed。Theinfinitiveverbphrae“onlytolearn”iued____。[A]toepreanintendedpurpoe[B]toindicateahighdegreeofpoibility[C]torevealanundeirableconequence[D]todramatizeatatedfact19。WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning[A]Iwonderwhat’behindthichangeofplan。[B]Jimturnedtopeaktotheperontandingbehindhim。[C]Thiworkhouldhavebeenfinihedyeterday。I’mgettingterriblybehind。[D]IuppoeI’mluckybecauemyparentwerebehindmealltheway。20。Mymotherwadeterminedtohelpthoeinneedandhewouldhavebeenimmenelyproudofwhathabeenimmenelyproudofwhathabeenachievedtheelat20year。Theitalicizedpartintheentenceepree____。[A]ahypothei[B]auggetion[C]acontradiction[D]aurprie21、WhenthepoliceofficerwhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirtbroughtto____,theirlawyeruedthevideotapeaevidenceagainttheproecution。[A]jutice[B]tetimony[C]trial[D]verdict[A]Quetionably[B]Arguably[C]Contentiouly[D]Debatably23、Priehaverecentlyrieninordertotheincreaedcotofrawmaterial。[A]cut[B]buoy[C]offet[D]offer24、Thecelebrityayincourtpaperhe“hano____ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce?！?5、Whatactually_____agoodangle—oragoodelfieoverall—irootedinwhatweconiderbeautiful。26。Thechooligoingthemiletocreatethenetgenerationofportingtarthanktoituniquedevelopmentprogram。[A]final[B]further[C]upplementary[D]etra27。Theteacher’unionalawuitagainttheditrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”choolcondition。[A]filed[B]fired[C]fined[D]filled28。LatMarchtheofa19thcenturycargohipwafoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam。[A]debri[B]ruin[C]remain[D]wreck29。She’wornhideignonoccaionfromredcarpettomoviepremiere。[A]numerical[B]numeral[C]countle[D]countablePARTⅣCLOZE[10MIN][E]indebtedne[F]kind[G]manner[H]mercifully[I]one[J]obey[K]renowned[L]ubcribe[M]unknown[N]virtue[O]widepreadAfewyearago,auniverityprofeortriedalittleeperiment。HeentChritmacardtoaampleofperfecttranger。Althoughheepectedomereaction,thereponehereceivedwaamazing—holidaycardaddreedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim。Thegreatmajorityofthoewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityofthe(31)profeor。Theyreceivedhiholidaygreetingcard,andthey(32)entoneinreturn。Thitudyhowtheactionofoneofthemotpowerfuloftheweaponofinfluencearoundu—theruleforreciprocation。Theruleaythatwehouldtrytorepay,in(33),whatanotherperonhaprovidedu。Ifawomandoeuafavor,wehoulddoher(34)inreturn;ifamanenduabirthdaypreent,wehouldrememberhibirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifa(35)inviteutoaparty,wehouldbeuretoinvitethemtooneofour。By(36)ofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligedtothefuturerepaymentoffavor,gift,invitation,andthelike。Sotypicaliitfor(37)Theimpreiveapectoftheruleforreciprocationandtheeneofobligationthat(38)withitiitpervaiveneinhumanculture。Itio(39)thatafterintenivetudy,ociologitcanreportthatthereinohumanocietythatdoenot(40)totherule。PARTⅤREADINGCOMPREHENSION[35MIN]SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthiectiontherearethreepaagefollowedbytenmultiplechoicequetion。Foreachmultiplechoicequetion,therearefouruggetedanwermarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]。ChooetheonethatyouthinkithebetanwerandmarkyouranweronANSWERSHEETTWO。PASSAGEONE(1)TheearlietettlercametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoetablihcoloniewhichwerefreefromthecontrolthateitedinEuropeanocietie。Theywantedtoecapethecontrolplacedontheirlivebykingandgovernment,prietandchurche,noblemenandaritocrat。ThehitoricdeciionmadebythoefirtettlerhavehadaprofoundeffectonthehapingoftheAmericancharacter。BylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurcheandeliminatingaformalfreedomiprobablythemotbaicofallAmericanvalue。By“freedom,”Americanmeanthedeireandtheabilityofallindividualtocontroltheirowndetinywithoutoutideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnoblecla,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority。(2)Therei,however,apricetobepaidforthiindividualfreedom:elf-reliance。ItmeanthatAmericanbelievethattheyhouldtandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentaearlyapoible,uuallybyage18or21、(3)AecondimportantreaonwhyimmigranthavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStateithebeliefthateveryonehaanequalchancetoenteraraceanducceedinthegame。BecauetitleofnobilitywereforbiddenintheContitution,noformalclaytemdevelopedintheUS。(6)Americanpayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:hardwork。HardworkhabeenbothnecearyandrewardingformotAmericanthroughouttheirhitory。Inomeway,materialpoeionareeenaevidenceofpeople’abilitie。BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepreidencyin1964,aidthatmotpoorpeoplearepoorbecauetheydeervetobe。MotAmericanwouldfindthiaharhtatement,butmanymightthinktherewaometruthinit。(7)TheebaicvaluedonottellthewholetoryoftheAmericancharacter。Rather,theyhouldbethoughtofatheme,awecontinuetoeploremorefacetoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectlifeintheUnitedState。41、Para。4eemtouggetthat。42、WhichofthefollowingmethoddoetheauthormainlyueineplainingAmericanvalue[C]Definition。[D]Proceanalyi。PASSAGETWO(1)TheNobelaretheoriginal,ofcoure。AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyeploive,decidedtotryanddoomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizetopeoplewhomadeprogreinliterature,cience,economicand—perhapmotimportantly—peace。(2)NotallawardareanobleatheNobel。Eventhoughmotcountriehaveaytemforrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedoneomethinggoodintheircountrie,therearenowhundredofawardandawardceremonieforallkindofthing。(7)WhyhavealltheeawardandceremonieappearedrecentlyShakepeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharleDicken。(9)Perhapawardceremoniearejutthemotrecentphaeofthiproce。(10)However,thereimoretoitthanthat。WhenafilmwinanOcar,manymorepeoplewillgoandeeit,orbuytheDVD。WhenawriterwintheNobelPrize,manymorepeoplebuytheirbook。WhenagroupwintheMTVaward,theceremonyieenbyhundredofthouandofpeopleacrotheworld。ThereultThegroupellalotmorerecord。(12)Ontheurface,iteemtobea“win-win”ituation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeakyouaquetion—howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementitakingplace43、Whatitheauthor’tonewhenhementionawarduchatheOcar,theGoldenGlobeandGrammie(Para。3&4)[A]Amued。[B]Appreciative。[C]Sarcatic。[D]Seriou。44、AccordingtoPara。4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriter[A]Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreaderhip。[B]Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting。[C]Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting。[D]Theywouldtrycontroverialformofart。45、WhichofthefollowingtatementbetumupPara。6[A]Awardceremonieareheldforlocalpeople。[B]Awardceremonieareheldonimportantoccaion。[C]Awardceremonieareheldincertainprofeion。[D]Awardceremonieareheldforallortofreaon。46。AccordingtoPara。8,onedifferencebetweencientitandartitinthepatandthoeatpreentliein。[A]natureofwork。[B]peronalcontact[C]ourceoffunding[D]ocialtatu47。ItcanbeconcludedfromPara。12thattheauthorthinkaward。[A]dogoodtobothmarketandpopularity[B]promotemarketratherthanachievement[C]helpthoewhoarereallytalented[D]areeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopularPASSAGETHREE(1)KnowingthatMrMallardwaufferingfromahearttrouble,greatcarewatakentobreaktoheragentlyapoiblethenewofherhuband’death。(3)Sheweptatonce,inheriter’arm。Whenthetormofgriefhadpentitelfhewentawaytoherroomalone。Shewouldhavenoonefollowher。(5)Shecouldeeintheopenquarebeforeherhouethetopoftree。Thedelicioubreathofrainwaintheair。Inthetreetbelowapeddlerwacryinghiware。Thenoteofaditantongwhichomeonewaingingreachedherfaintly,andcountleparrowweretwitteringintheeave。(6)Therewerepatcheofbluekyhowinghereandtherethroughthecloudthathadmetandpiledoneabovetheotherinthewetfacingherwindow。(7)Sheatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecuhionofthechair,quitemotionle,eceptwhenaobcameupintoherthroatandhookher,aachildwhohacrieditelftoleepcontinuetoobinitdream。(8)Shewayoung,withafair,calmface,whoelineindicatedrepreionandevenacertaintrength。Butnowtherewaadulltareinhereye,whoegazewafiedoutthereononeofthoepatcheofblueky。Itwanotaglanceofreflection,butratherindicatedaupenionofintelligentthought。(10)Nowherboomroeandfelltumultuouly。Shewabeginningtorecognizethithingthatwaapproachingtopoeher,andhewatrivingtobeatitbackwithherwill—apowerleahertwowhitelenderhandwouldhavebeen。(11)Whenheabandonedherelfalittlewhiperedwordecapedherlightlypartedlip。Sheaiditoverandoverunderherbreath:“free,free,free!”Thevacanttareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereye。Theytayedkeenandbright。Herpulebeatfat,andthecouringbloodwarmedandrelaedeveryinchofherbody。unolvedmytery,countforinfaceofthipoeionofelf-aertionwhichheuddenlyrecognizedathetrongetimpuleofherbeing!(15)“Free!Bodyandoulfree!”hekeptwhipering。(16)Joephinewakneelingbeforethecloeddoorwithherliptothekeyhole,imploringforadmiion。“Louie,openthedoor!Ibeg,openthedoor—youwillmakeyourelfill。WhatareyoudoingLouieForheaven’akeopenthedoor?！?17)“Goaway。Iamnotmakingmyelfill?！盢o;hewadrinkinginaveryelii（rthatopenwindow。長生不老藥）oflifethrough(18)Herfancywarunningriotalongthoedayaheadofher。Springday,andummerday,andallortofdaythatwouldbeherown。Shebreathedaquickprayerthatlifemightbelong。Itwaonlyyeterdayhehadthoughtwithahudderthatlifemightbelong。(19)Shearoeatlengthandopenedthedoor。Therewaafeverihtriumphinhereye,andhecarriedherelfunwittinglylikeagoddeofVictory。Sheclapedheriter’wait,andtogethertheydecendedthetair。Richardtoodwaitingforthematthebottom。(21)ButRichardwatoolate。(22)Whenthedoctorcametheyaidhehaddiedofheartdieae—ofjoythatkill。48。HowdidMrMallardgetthenewofherhuband’death[A]Herhuband’friendtoldher。[B]Shehadreaditfromthepaper。[C]HeriterJoephinetoldher。[D]Herdoctorbrokethenewtoher。49。WhenMrMallardwaaloneinherroom,he。50。Howdidhefeelaboutherlovetowardherhuband[A]Shewaindifferentnow。[B]Shehatedherhuband。[C]Shefoundithardtodecribe。[D]Shehadlovedhimallalong。SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONSInthiectiontherearefivehortanwerquetionbaedonthepaageinSectionA。AnwerthequetionwithNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthepaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO。PASSAGEONE51、Ofallthevaluementionedinthepaage,whichoneiregardedathemotfundamentalPASSAGETWO52、Whatcanbeinferredfromtheentence“NotallawardareanobleatheNobel。”accordingtoPara。253、WhatconcluioncanbedrawnfromPara。5PASSAGETHREE54、WhatwaMrMallard’moodwhenhewaleftaloneintheroom55、ThedoctoraidthatMrMallarddiedofheartdieae—ofjoythatkill。WhatdoyouthinkitherealcaueofherdeathPARTⅥWRITING[45MIN]Readcarefullythefollowingreport,andthenwriteyourreponeinNOLESSTHAN200word,inwhichyouhould:·ummarizethemainmeageofthereport,andthenMarkwillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality。Failuretofollowtheaboveintructionmayreultinaloofmark。ReportepoethedarkideofconervationAreportlaunchedbySurvivalInternational—theglobalmovementfortribalpeople’right—revealhowconervationhaledtotheevictionofmillionoftribalpeoplefrom“protectedarea,”ince“protectedarea”likenationalparkhouldgenerallybe“nogo”formining,agriculture,dam,roadandpipeline。BuhmanDauqooukurifromtheCentralKalahariGameReerveinBotwanaaid,“Iitandlookaroundthecountry。Wherevertherearebuhmen,thereigame。WhyBecaueweknowhowtotakecareofanimal。Survival’reportconcludethatthecurrentmodelofconervationneedaradicalhake-up。Conervationmutticktointernationallaw,protecttribalpeople’righttotheirland,litentothem,andthenbepreparedtobackthemupamuchatheycan。WriteyourreponeonANSWERSHEETTHREE。第二部分：真題答案：2022英語專四DICTATION參考答案PARTIDICTATIONEmotionalReactiontoMuicNomatterwhoyouare,whereyoulive,、orwhatyourculturalbackgroundi,、peoplegetomepleaurefromliteningtotheirfavoritemuic。、However,omepeopleareimplynotcapableofenjoyingmuic。、Thiinotbecauetheycan’teperiencepleaureatall。、Theydon’thavetroublehearingmuicproperly,either。、Intead,they’rejutindifferenttomuic。、Reearcherhaveconductedtudietofindout、whyomepeoplehavenoemotionalreactiontomuic。、However,depitetheireffort,themyteryremain。2022英語專四聽力參考答案SECTIONATALK1、even2、ound3、cognitive4、aoundchange5、i-month-old6。dicriminatethe7。theirfirtbirthda8。totallyequivalen9。incrediblediffere10。takingtatiticSECTIONBCONVERSATIONSConverationOne1、Accordingtotheman,whatiaBritihcharacteritic答案：C。TheBritihareunabletopeakaforeignlanguage。2、Whatitheecondmot-pokenlanguageintheUK答案：B。Polih。3、Whywathe1,000WordCampaignlaunched答案：A。Tohelpimproveinternationaltrade。4、Accordingtotheman,whichinotconideredanadvantageoflearningaforeignlanguage答案：D。Itmakeyouworkhard。5、What’themotprobablerelationhipbetweenthemanandthewoman答案：B。Schoolmate。ConverationTwo6。AccordingtoAlice,whatiaphobia答案：A。Anunreaonablefear。7。Whatarethechanceofgettingknockedoffone’bicycleandkilledinaone-milejourney答案：C。Oneinfourteenmillion。8。Whatkindofeventdopeopletendtoworryabout答案：B。Catatrophicevent。9。Whichmayinvolveachronicrik答案：D。Smokingcigarette。10。Whydoomepeopleenjoyrik答案：A。Theygetpleaurefromrik。2022英語專四語言應用參考答案PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE11、C。ibelievedtohavebeen12、D。habeenmaintaining13、B。otherwie14、C。hazyblueVirginia15、A。theevil16。D。areofwar17。A。itmotbaic18。C。torevealanundeirableconequence19。B。Jimturnedtopeaktotheperontandingbehindhim。20。A。ahypothei21、C。trial22、B。Arguably23、C。offet24、D。recollection25、B。contitute26。D。etra27。A。filed28。D。wreck29。C。countlePARTIVCLOZE31、M。unknown32、B。automatically33、F。kind34、I。one35、C。couple36。N。virtue37。E。indebtedne38。D。goe39。O。widepread40。L。ubcribe2022英語專四閱讀參考答案PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSIONSECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS42、B。Caueandeffect。43、C。Sarcatic。44、A。Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreaderhip。45、D。Awardceremonieareheldforallortofreaon。46。C。ourceoffunding47。B。promotemarketratherthanachievement48。C。HeriterJoephinetoldher。50。A。Shewaindifferentnow。SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONS51、Individualfreedom。52、Someawardaren’trewardforrealachievement。53、Someawardforportfailtoachievepoitiveocialeffect。54、Hermoodchangedfromditretoecitementandjoy。55、Therealcauewaheretremediappointment。第三部分：聽力原文PARTIDICTATIONEmotionalReactiontoMuicNomatterwhoyouare,whereyoulive,、orwhatyourculturalbackgroundi,、peoplegetomepleaurefromliteningtotheirfavoritemuic。、However,omepeopleareimplynotcapableofenjoyingmuic。、Thiinotbecauetheycan’teperiencepleaureatall。、Theydon’thavetroublehearingmuicproperly,either。、Intead,they’rejutindifferenttomuic。、Reearcherhaveconductedtudietofindout、whyomepeoplehavenoemotionalreactiontomuic。、However,depitetheireffort,themyteryremain。演講原文：TheLinguiticGiftofBabieGoodmorning,everyone。Intoday'lecture,I'mgoingtotalkaboutomethingyoucan'tee。Thati,what'goingoninthelittlebrainofababy。Foreample,howbabielearnalanguage。Itialwayaquetionpeoplehowgreatinteretin。Babieandchildrenaregeniueuntiltheyturneven,andthenthere'aytematicdecline。Workinmylabifocuedonthefirtcriticalperiodindevelopment,andthatitheperiodinwhichbabietrytomaterwhichoundareuedintheirlanguage。Wethink,bytudyinghowtheoundarelearned,we'llhaveamodelfortheretoflanguage,andperhapforcriticalperiodthatmayeitinchildhoodforocial,emotionalandcognitivedevelopment。Sowe'vebeentudyingthebabiebyconductinganeperiment。Duringoureperiment,thebaby,uuallyai-monther,itonaparent'lap,andwetrainthemtoturntheirheadwhenaoundchange—likefrom"ah"to"ee"。Well,babieallovertheworldarewhatIliketodecribea"citizenoftheworld"。Theycandicriminatealltheoundofalllanguage,nomatterwhatcountrywe'retetingandwhatlanguagewe'reuing,andthat'remarkablebecaueyouknow,Ican'tdothat。We'reculture-boundlitener。Wecandicriminatetheoundofourownlanguage,butnotthoeofforeignlanguage。Sothequetionarie:Whendothoecitizenoftheworldturnintothelanguage-boundlitenerthatweareAndtheanwer:beforetheirfirtbirthday。Whatyoueehereiperformanceonthathead-turntakforbabietetedinTokyoandtheUnitedState,hereinSeattle,atheylitenedtothe"ra"and"la"—oundimportanttoEnglih,butnottoJapanee。Soatitoeightmonth,thebabiearetotallyequivalent。Twomonthlater,omething,omethingincredibleoccur。ThebabieintheUnitedStatearegettingalotbetterwhilebabieinJapanaregettingalotwore。Sothequetioni:What'happeningduringthicriticaltwo-monthperiodWeknowthiithecriticalperiodforounddevelopment,butwhat'goingonupthereMaybetherearetwothinggoingon。Thefirtithatthebabieareliteningintentlytou,andthey'retakingtatiticatheylitentoutalk—they'retakingtatitic。Thatitoay,thetwobabielitentotheirownmotherpeakingmotheree—theuniverallanguageweuewhenwetalktokid。Duringtheproductionofpeech,whenbabieliten,whatthey'redoingitakingtatitic,thati,oundditributiononthelanguagethattheyhear。Andthoeoundditributiongrowandbabieaborbmore。Andwhatwe'velearnedithatbabieareenitivetothetatitic,andthetatiticofJapaneeandEngliharevery,verydifferent。Imean,theoundditributionofbothlanguageidifferent。Sobabieaborbthetatiticofthelanguageanditchangetheirbrain;itchangethemfromthecitizenoftheworldtotheculture-boundlitenerthatwearebecaueweaadultarenolongeraborbingthoetatitic。Inthicae,ofcoure,we'rearguingthatthelearningoflanguagematerialmaylowdownwhenourditributiontabilize。OK。Today,wejuttalkedaboutarecentprojectonbabie'languagedevelopment。Inournetlecture,wewillconcentrateonbilingualpeople,howbilingualkeeptwoetoftatiticinmindatonce。對話原文1：ConverationOneQuetion1to5arebaedonConverationOne。W:Hi,Bob。YoupeakverygoodChinee。M:Notreally,Mary。Ijutknowalittle。Actually,notbeingabletopeakaforeignlanguageiabitofaBritihtraitoraparticularlyBritihcharacteritic。TheBritiharegenerallyconideredtobelazylinguit。Wejutdon'tbothertolearnanotherlanguage。W:Iguethemainreaonithatwhenyoutravelaroundtheworld,youfindthatEnglihipokenalmoteverywhere。M:Ye,ye。Wegetby。Weurviveonjutuingourmotherlanguage。W:Butyoueemtolovelearninglanguagealot。HowmanyforeignlanguagecanyoupeakM:Notthatmany。AbitofGerman,omeFrench,Polihalittle,Chineeofcoure,abitofJapanee。That'aboutit。W:I'mimpreed。Well,whatitheecondmot-pokenlanguageinEnglandIitChineeM:No,Idon'tthinko。W:Then,thatmutbeFrench。M:No。Accordingtotherecentcenu,104differentlanguagearepokenintheUKandPolihitheecondmotpokenlanguage,followedbyPunjabiandUrdu。W:1,000wordM:Ye。It'calledthe1,000WordCampaignbecaueitayavocabularyof1,000wordwouldallowapeakertoholdaimpleconveration。W:Thatoundlikeagoodidea。M:Ye。Itgiveyouelf-atifactionandelf-eteemifyoucanpeakanotherlanguagewhenyou'retravelling。AndIthinkitalogiveyouanedgeinalotofdifferentareaintheworkplace。Youfeelgoodaboutlearninganewkillandyoufeelgoodaboutyourelf,anditbootyourconfidence。ImaginegoingonaholidaytoSpainandbeingabletopeaktothelocal。W:Ofcoureitdoemakeonefeelgood。W:Ye。Italohowpoliteneandrepectforotherpeoplebyhowingyouhavemadeaneffort。M:You'reright。Mm,I'mafraidImutgetgoingnow。I'llhavemyC