初中英語賓語從句課件

ObjectClause賓語從句2021/5/91

一、賓語從句的概念I(lǐng)likemyteacher.（名詞作賓語)Iknowhim

.（代詞作賓語）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作賓語）概念：賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語作賓語。2021/5/92二.包含賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句Eg:Iknowthatheishonest.2021/5/93三、賓語從句三要素連接詞時(shí)態(tài)語序2021/5/94（一）連接詞1.That：引導(dǎo)陳述句，常省略2.whether/if：引導(dǎo)一般疑問句，意為“是否”3.連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.連接副詞whenwhywherehow。2021/5/95(1).陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語中常常略。

e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

2021/5/96(2)以

whether

或

if

引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,

主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句。從句同樣是陳述語序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.

2021/5/97Doyouhaveapenfriend?Maryaskedme（合并一句）Maryaskedme——Ihadapenfriend.If/whether2021/5/98If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whether2021/5/992021/5/910由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Wheredoeshelive?Ididn’tknow.(改為賓語從句Ididn’tknow________he_____.wherelived2021/5/911（二）語序：陳述句語序

即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂+其他成分）2021/5/912（三）時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性）1.如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是_________時(shí)態(tài)。

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmoved

here?任何2021/5/9132.如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的_________時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如：

HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

過去2021/5/9143.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時(shí)，從句仍用_______時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

一般現(xiàn)在2021/5/915１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB鞏固練習(xí)：I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。2021/5/9164．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C2021/5/9175Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC2021/5/9187.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC2021/5/919Ididn’tknow.Willhecomeback?(合并一句）Ididn’tknow______he_____comeback.Wheredidyoubuyyourpen?Doyouremember?(改為賓語從句）Doyouremember____I_____mypen.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththebrokenbike.Idon’tknowwhat_______withthebrokenbike.Hetoldme.Theearthisround.(改為賓語從句）Hetoldme___theearth___round.2021/5/920Ididn’tknow.Willhecomeback?(合并一句）Ididn’tknow

if/whetherhewould

comeback.Wheredidyoubuyyourpen?Doyouremember?(改為賓語從句）DoyourememberwhereIboughtmypen.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththebrokenbike.Idon’tknowwhattodowiththebrokenbike.Hetoldme.Theearthisround.(改為賓語從句）Hetoldme_thattheearthisround.2021/5/921賓語從句小結(jié)一.結(jié)構(gòu)1.當(dāng)陳述句作賓語從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu):主句+that+主語+謂語部分2.當(dāng)一般疑問句作賓語從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu):主句+if(whether)+主語+謂語部分3.當(dāng)特殊疑問句作賓語從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu):主句+特殊疑問詞+主語+謂語部分二．主從時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系主句從句１．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)２．一般過去時(shí)

3.(特殊):任何時(shí)態(tài)(客觀、自然現(xiàn)象)三.語序：陳述語序時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2021/5/922(二）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.

→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是ask,tell,show,teach等時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?

→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout2021/5/923四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當(dāng)。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當(dāng)。hashedidn’the2021/5/924三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時(shí)，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.

→I

hopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.2021/5/925II.改錯(cuò)：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecancomeback.2021/5/926Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

hasreturned

hadbeen

travels

aretalking

were

weredoing2021/5/92710.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastaken

hasbeenrisesdid2021/5/928將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellm