2022年英語四級考試閱讀講義(三十七)

2022英語四級考試閱讀講義(三十七)PartⅡReadingComprehension

(35minutes)

Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Moreandmore,theoperationsofourbusinesses,governments,andfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapsubstantialrewards.Evenworse,anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment.

It”seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers.Ofcourse,wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit”sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmaybethevictimsofuncommonlybadluck.

Forexample,acertainkeypunch(鍵盤打孔)operatorcomplainedofhavingtostayovertimetopunchextracards.Investigationrevealedthattheextracardsshewasbeingaskedtopunchwerefordishonesttransactions.Inanothercase,dissatisfiedemployeesofthethieftippedoff(向……透露)thecompanythatwasbeingrobbed.

Unlikeotherlawbreakers,whomustleavethecountry,commitsuicide,orgotojail,computercriminalssometimesescapepunishment,demandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooften,theirdemandshavebeenmet.

Why?Becausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggled(耍弄)themostconfidentialrecordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany”sexecutives,accountants,andsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere.

21.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A)itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestoday

B)computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemintheoperationoffinancialinstitutions

C)computercriminalscanescapepunishmentbecausetheycan”tbedetected

D)peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequestoftheircompany

22.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat.

A)manymorecomputercrimesgoundetectedthanarediscovered

B)therapidincreaseofcomputercrimesisatroublesomeproblem

C)mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheircrimes

D)mostcomputercriminalswhoarecaughtblametheirbadluck

23.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?

A)Astrictlawagainstcomputercrimesmustbeenforced.

B)Companiesneedtoimposerestrictionsonconfidentialinformation.

C)Companieswillguardagainstcomputercrimestoprotecttheirreputation.

D)Companiesusuallyhesitatetouncovercomputercrimes.

24.Whatmayhappentocomputercriminalsoncetheyarecaught?

A)Withabadreputationth