2022北京四中高二（下）期中英語（教師版）

1/12022北京四中高二（下）期中英語（試卷滿分為120分，考試時間為100分鐘）第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，共25分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共20小題；每小題0.5分，共10分）從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Tohisdelight,hisworkwasexhibitedinthebest________inAmericaandEurope.A.galleries B.groceries C.guarantees D.globes2.Ineverexpectedthathewould________thetrustIplacedinhim.Wearenolongerfriends.A.adopt B.adapt C.abuse D.appeal3.Japanesecompanieshavebeenproducingplentyof________productsthatgobeyondpeople’simagination.A.innovative B.reproductive C.parallel D.visible4.Isallthishealthyfoodsupposedtoincreasemyhappiness________?A.parcel B.quotient C.faucet D.lottery5.Fearsofaflu________aregrowingfollowingtheappearanceofanumberofcasesinthecity.A.victim B.trial C.intake D.outbreak6.Weareamoraland________people,andthereforewedonotapproveoftheircruelactivities.A.systematic B.historical C.ethical D.crucial7.He________refusedtospeakEnglishunlessforcedto.Ijustcan’tunderstandwhyhecamehere.A.solely B.resolutely C.additionally D.systematically8.Problemswithchildcareremainthebiggest________towomensucceedingatwork.A.trend B.bond C.barrier D.household9.Thewar,andthe________fallintrade,havehadadamagingeffectonthecountry.A.motivated B.bare C.corresponding D.impressive10.Ifinditreallydifficultto________thedestructionofsuchafineoldbuilding.Itcouldhavebeenthesymbolofourcity!A.justify B.underline C.outsource D.infer11.Thesurveyuseda________sampleoftwentythousandpeopleacrossEnglandandWales.A.decent B.random C.bound D.mere12.Herbiography________thatshewasnotasrichaseveryonehadthought.A.released B.revealed C.provoked D.proceeded13.Thisrubberballshowsstrong________asitcanimmediatelyspringbackintoshape.A.resilience B.likelihood C.parallel D.friction14.Thereisnoneedtoworryabouttheexam.You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou________passtheexam.A.areboundto B.areopposedto C.areopento D.arecapableof15.Wearestilldealingwithproblems________errorsmadeinthepast.A.makingup B.consistedof C.resultedin D.resultingfrom16.The________differencebetweenSamandmewasthefactthatItooklifeseriously.A.artificial B.logical C.multiple D.essential17.Iseelittle________ofanimprovementinhiscondition.Maybeweshouldtellhimthetruth.A.clasp B.prospect C.suspect D.symptom18.Icametorealizethatto________inAmerica,youcouldn’tdependonothers.A.getthrough B.getover C.getahead D.getat19.Witheverythingsettleddownfinally,Harrysankintoachairand________withrelief.A.shivered B.frowned C.sighed D.shook20.Tobeagoodleader,oneshouldhaveaclear________ofhowhehopesthecompanywilldevelop.A.institution B.variation C.intervention D.vision第二節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。I’veneverbeenanathlete.Atschool,mymaingoalwasto____21____PEatallcosts.Inmytwenties,Iwentforyogaclassoccasionally,butthatwasreallythesummaryofmyathleticaccomplishments.Thatwasuntiltheendof2016,whenIwasunexpectedlylaidoff.Iwasfeelingquitedepressedbutpushedmyselfto____22____fortheTCSNYCMarathonrunners.However,whilebeingthere,Igotphenomenal____23____fromalltherunners,smiling,applaudingandhigh-fivingconstantly.IthoughtmaybeIcouldgiverunninga____24____,justtotry,toseewhereit____25____me.SoItried.Igotonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))inmylocalgymthenextmorning.Iwasoutofbreathbyminutefive,butIsloweddown,walkedforalittlebitandthenrestarted.Icamebacktothegymthenextday,hopingto____26____afewminuteslonger.Bytheendoftwoweeks,Icouldrunfor30minutes.Whilemybodystartedtolookmoretoned,Ialsonoticedmynegativethoughtsdidn’toccurthat____27____.Anditsparkedathought—whatifIcouldsetarunninggoalandsignupformyfirst-everrace?Ididandracesbecameanewhobby.Also,whenIwasgoingforinterviews,Istartedtofeel____28____inmyabilities.Igotmyfull-timejob____29____atmydreamcompanyjustweeksbeforethehalf-marathon.AlthoughIgotinjuredrightbeforetherace,Istillwentforit.Istillhavealongrunningjourneyaheadofme.Runninggivesme_____30_____thatIcandoanythingIsetmymindto.21.A.attend B.avoid C.pursue D.postpone22.A.call B.apply C.cheer D.compete23.A.sympathy B.pleasure C.luck D.energy24.A.lift B.shot C.break D.choice25.A.meets B.leaves C.takes D.drops26.A.last B.cover C.rest D.function27.A.readily B.frequently C.normally D.occasionally28.A.absorbed B.interested C.confident D.confused29.A.offer B.permit C.schedule D.application30.A.faith B.consideration C.evidence D.guidance第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，共40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AStoriesBehindFamousCompanyNamesInventorCalebBradhamhadoriginallywantedtobeadoctorbutstartedworkinginapharmacywhenhereturnedhometoNorthCarolina.In1893,hemadeupwhathefirstcalled“Brad’sDrink,”amixofwater,sugar,caramel,lemonoil,nutmeg,andotherflavors.Fiveyearslater,herenameditPepsi-Cola.Heclaimedthedrinkcouldhelpwithdigestion(消化),ordyspepsia,thetermfromwhichBradhamadaptedthenamePepsi.ThisluxurycarmakercombinedelementsfromtheFordandOldsmobilecompanieswhenitwasstartedin1902andlaterbecameknownforitsinnovationandhighquality.ThecompanywasnamedaftertheFrenchexplorerAntoineLaumetdelaMotheCadillac,whofoundedthecityofDetroitin1701.Companyco-founderGordonBowkerhassaidthatwhilebrainstormingnames,someonebroughtoutamapthatfeaturedtheoldminingtownofStarbo.ThatmayhaveledhimtothinkofStarbuck,thefirstmateinHermanMelville’sfamousnovel,MobyDick.Notonlythecompanynamebutalsotheoriginofitslogohasarousedgreatcuriosity.TheinventorofRolex,HansWilsdorf,waslookingtomakeanelegant,yetprecise,wristwatch.Hewantedanamethatwaseasytosay,workedindifferentlanguages,andlookedgoodonthewatches.HesettledonRolexin1908.31.Whichcompanynamehasacloserelationshipwithliterature?A.Pepsi B.CadillacC.Starbucks D.Rolex32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.CalebBradhamaimedtocuredyspepsiawithPepsi.B.HansWilsdorfintendedRolextobeuniversallyaccepted.C.Cadillacwasnamedafterthefoundingfatherofthecompany.D.Starbuckswasusedduetotheco-founder’sloveforhishometown.33.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat.A.afamouscompanynameiseasytospellB.aspecialstorycanmakeacompanyfamousC.acompanynameusuallyhasaspecialmeaninginitD.acompanynameisrelatedtothefounder’sprofessionBTwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly”.Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,“Taketheextraminutetodoitright.”Ialwaystrytolivebythe“extraminute”rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan“ifonly”moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(襯墊)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.Idon’tonlyavoidthose“ifonly”momentswhenitcomestosafety.It’sequallyimportanttoavoid“ifonly”inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay“Iloveyou”or“Iforgiveyou.”WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn’tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe’s84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn’tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay“ifonly”aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI’mdoingtherightthing.I’mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat’sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.34.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe“extraminute”rule?A.Startthecarassoonaseveryoneisseated.B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.D.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.35.TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto________.A.keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorB.meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldmanC.joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompanyD.finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached36.Theunderlinedword“foregone”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A.abandoned B.lacked C.avoided D.resisted37.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEmotionalWell-being B.TheTwoSaddestWordsC.ThePowerofNow D.ThePeaceofMindCServingUpHopeFoodallergieshavebeenontherise.IntheUS,itisnowestimatedthatover10percentoftheadultpopulationhasanallergytopeanuts,shellfish,dairyoranothertypeoffood.IntheUK,thepastthreedecadeshaveseenhospitaladmissionsforfoodallergiesrisefivefold.Thankfully,wearebuildingupthearmoryneededtoreversethistrendsothat,oneday,suchpotentiallydeadlyreactionsbecomeathingofthepast.Themostcommontypesoffoodallergiesaretriggeredbyantibodiesthatwemakecalledimmunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)EorIgE.Theseantibodieswerediscoveredinthemid-1960sandkick-startedaneraofallergyresearchthatisstillgoingstrongtoday.Theearlyfindingshavespawnedthousandsofstudiesthatpaintanintricate(復(fù)雜的)pictureofhowallergieswork,suggestingwaysinwhichwecanpreventandtreatthem.Whensomeonehasafoodallergy,IgEisinvolvedintriggeringaresponsewhentheimmunesystemcomesintocontactwiththatfood.Essentially,thebodyseesthatpartofyourmealasanenemy,releasinghistamine(組織胺)andotherinflammatorychemicalsinanattempttodealwithit.Thiscausessymptomsrangingfromitchinessandsneezestowheezing(喘氣)andanaphylacticshock(過敏性休克).Theresultcanbeanythingfromamildinconveniencetodeath.Theoldsaying“preventionisbetterthanthecure”holdstrueforfoodallergies.MycolleaguesandIusetheso-calledsixDsasaguidetopreventativemeasuresduringchildhood:diet,dirt,dogs,dryskin,detergents(清潔劑)andvitaminD.Studieshavefoundthatpeoplehavealowerriskofdevelopinganallergywhen,asyoungsters,theyeatadiversedietanddosooften,havehealthyvitaminDlevels,liveinahomewithadog,avoiddryskinandareexposedtodirt,allowingthemtodevelopagoodmicrobiome(微生物組).TheuseofharshdetergentshasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinIgE.Clearly,formanypeoplethathavefoodallergies,suchearlylifepreventionisnolongeranoption.However,otherapproachesaretakingshape.Mostoftheinterventionswecurrentlyusetargettheimmunesysteminanefforttoretrainitsresponsetoallergens.Onetechnique,knownasallergenimmunotherapy(免疫療法),involvesslowlybuildingupexposuretoaproblemfood.Bystartinginverysmalldoses,thebodyappearstobeabletoberetrainedtonolongerseeitasathreat.However,immunotherapyneedsregularexposuretoallergens,whichcancausesideeffects.Allergyvaccinesareanotheroption.Theseworkbyreshapingthebody’simmuneresponsetoaparticularfoodsoitdoesn’tendinillness.Aswegainevidenceandexperiencewitheachoftheseapproaches,wearemovingclosertobeingabletotreatallfoodallergies.38.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecantellthat________.A.foodallergiesaremostsevereintheUKandtheUSB.immunoglobulinEonlytakeseffectwhenwehavefoodallergiesC.theresearchofallergieshasn’tbeenconducteduntilveryrecentyearsD.morepeopleintheUKnowsufferfromfoodallergiesthanitwas30yearsago39.TheauthormentionedsixDsto________.A.arousereaders’curiosityaboutthepreventativemeasuresoffoodallergiesB.assurereadersofhisuniquemethodinthefightagainstfoodallergiesC.discusstheeffectivenessofthispotentialmethodforcuringfoodallergiesD.supportthebeliefthatpreventionofanallergyismoreimportantthanthecure40.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.peoplearelikelytogetridoffoodallergiesthroughgradualadaptationtothespecificproblemfoodB.someearlypreventionmethodslikethesixDsarenolongerhelpfulinthecuringoffoodallergiesC.immunotherapybringsmoreharmthangoodasitneedsregularexposuretothespecificproblemfoodD.ourbody’simmuneresponsecanbereshapedbyvaccines,whichcancausesideeffects41.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthefightagainstthefoodallergiesis________.A.subjective B.optimistic C.skeptical D.criticalDUponreflectionoftheidealsocialmoralcode,withinonesentence,itwouldbe:beconstructive,notdestructive.Though“beconstructive,notdestructive”soundssensible,therearemanynuances.Sometimesitisdifficulttodetermineifanactisexactlyconstructiveordestructive.Wecandecideifsomethingisconstructiveordestructivebasedondegree,forinstance.Sayyourpreschoolsonisactingupandbrokeaglassvase,evenafteryoutoldhimtostopgrabbingandplayingwithitseveraltimes.Yougetathoughtinyourmindtospankhimtogiveapunishmentforhisnaughtyaction.However,youstarttofeelconfusedaboutwhetherthiswouldbeconstructiveordestructive.Itmightshowhimthatnotlisteningtoyouandbreakingthingsisnotwelcome,butontheotherhand,spankinghimisanactofaggressionthatwillhurthimphysicallyandperhapsteachhimtouseforceinsituationslaterinlife.Thereisnoexactwrongorrightinthesemoments.However,throughyourownreasoning,youcandecidetowhatdegreeitwouldbebeneficialorharmfultohimandthesituationathand.Personally,Iwouldnotspankmyson,asIthinkitdoesmoredestructionthanconstruction.But,thatisjustme.Anothernuancetoconsideristhedefinitionwegivetoconstructionanddestruction.Forexample,forsomepeople,constructioncanneverinvolveviolence,whileforothers,itcouldevenbeanessentialpart.TaketheexampleofgoingbackintimeandkillingHitler.Killingsomeoneisdefinitelytermedadestructiveact.However,inlightofthecircumstances,IwouldassumethatthemajorityofpeoplewouldagreethatkillingHitlerattheheightofhispoweriftheyhadthechancewouldbeseenasaconstructive,thuspositiveact.Therefore,ourdefinitionsoftendetermineourvaluesandhowwebehaveuponthoseprinciples.Additionally,constructionanddestructioncanbefilteredthroughasociopoliticallens.Constructioncanbeseenasgoodtosome,andbadtoothers.Takeforinstancecreatingnewhomesinaforestedarea.Yes,homesforhumansaremade,butalsothehabitatforcountlessanimalsisbeingdestroyed,oratleastalteredtoanextreme.Construction,ifitistrue,itshouldbebeneficialtoallpartiesincluded.Thatisatallorder,though.Everystepwetakekillsbacteriaandothermicroorganisms—andperhapsplants,insects,andwhoknowswhatelse.Destructioncanbeseenasapartofeachmoment.Plus,whatamajoritymightregardasaconstructivemightbeseenasdestructivetoaminority.Isthereawaytodeterminewhichsideiscorrect?Itisalmostimpossible.Beinginthemajorityintermsofamoraloutlookdoesnotmeanitiscorrect,ormoreappropriate.Therehavebeenmanyinstancesinhistorywhenactswereregardedasconstructive,butwerelaterseenasdestructivewithamodernlens.ThoughIconsider“Beconstructive,notdestructive”themostsolidone-sentencesocialmoralcode,itisnotwithoutitsnuancesandproblems.Forinstance,thedegreetowhichweconsidersomethingconstructiveordestructive,definitionsofbeingconstructiveanddestructive,andconstructionanddestructionseenthroughasociopoliticallensareallnuances.Thesedifferencesconsistoftheconfusionthatthisidealsocialmoralcodecauses.However,Icannotimagineabettercodethantheonestatedinthisessayintermsoflivingone’slifeinasocialcontext.42.Fromtheauthor’sviewwhethertopunishakid’swrongdoingornotdependsonwhatextent________.A.itwouldbringhimbenefitsorharms B.hisactisconstructiveordestructiveC.hewouldmodifyhisdestructivebehavior D.hisdestructiveresultmightbringabout43.TheauthormentionstheexampleofkillingHitlertoshowthat________.A.killingsomeoneisdefinitelytermedadestructiveactB.killingHitlerisseenasaconstructiveandpositiveactC.themajorityofpeoplewouldprobablyagreetokillHitlerD.definitionsofsocialcodedecideourvaluesandprinciples44.Accordingtoparagraph4,whichstatementistrue?A.Constructionanddestructioncanadvancesocialdevelopment.B.Constructionshouldonlybebeneficialtohumanbeingsinvolved.C.Beinginthemajorityintermsofamoraloutlookdoesn’tmeanitisalwaysright.D.People’sunderstandingofconstructionanddestructionalwaysremainsthesame.45.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Weshouldcomeupwithabettersocialmoralcode.B.It’simportantforpeopletoliveone’slifeinasocialcontext.C.It’seasyforpeopletodecideifsomethingisconstructiveordestructive.D.Ouropiniontowardsconstructionanddestructionmayvaryfromoneanother.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.____46____WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican’timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdanceiswonderful._____47_____It’sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it’sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”____48____“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,”saysBridges.“They’relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.______49______”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter._____50_____Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI’malive.”A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI’mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共五節(jié)，55分）第一節(jié)選詞填空（共9小題；每小題1分，共9分）A從方框中選擇詞匯并用其正確形式填空；每空只填一個詞，每詞只用一次。有兩個多余詞匯。capablelocatepersuaderespectparticipateidentical51.Theevidencewasnotreally________enoughtoprovehisguilt.52.Class________isanimportantaspectofEnglishlearning,whichincludesdiscussionsandsmall-groupwork.53.Animalsinthezoohavelostthe________ofcatchingfoodforthemselvesbecausetheyarefedbyzookeepers.54.Theaudienceclapped________astheactorscompletedtheprofessionalperformance.B從方框中選擇詞匯并用其正確形式填空；每空只填一個詞，每詞只用一次。有兩個多余詞匯。theorycastinternalappealdeterminephenomenonsymbol55.TheOlympictorch________peaceandfriendshipamongthenationsoftheworld.56.Oneoftheresearcher’s________isthatpeoplewhorestricttheircalorieintakelivelonger.57.Theswineflu________acloudontheeconomicdevelopmentinMexicoin2009.58.SpendingtheholidaysinBritainwasn’taprospectthatIfoundparticularly________.59.Hercompetenceandstrong________ensuredthatsherosetothetopofherprofession.第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Airplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.Ilivenearanairportand____60____(pass)planescanbeheardnightandday.Theairport____61____(build)duringthewar,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.Iamoneofthefewpeople____62____(leave).SometimesIthinkthishouse____63____(knock)downbyaplane.Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoney____64____(go)away,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.EverybodysaysImustbemadandtheyareprobablyright.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancient____65____(myth).Hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithmotorists.Whenhereturnshomeatnight,healwaysfindsthatsomeone____66____(park)acaroutsidehisgate.Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncar____67____hisgarageevenonce.Jasperhasputup“NoParking”signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Nowhehasputanuglystoneheadoverthegate.Itisoneofthe____68____(ugly)facesIhaveeverseen.IaskedhimwhatitwasandhetoldmethatitwasMedusa,theGorgon.Jasperhopesthatshewillturnmotoriststostone.Butnoneofthem____69____(turn)tostoneyet!第三節(jié)翻譯（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）70.他們嘗試著一起把這道很難的數(shù)學(xué)題解出來。(attemptn.;work短語)（漢譯英）71.這位導(dǎo)游總會提醒游客看管好隨身物品。(remind;keep短語)（漢譯英）72.與西方文化相比，中國文化的核心與家庭觀念關(guān)系緊密。(comparison;have…todo)（漢譯英）73.Linda十年前開始學(xué)小提琴，現(xiàn)在她絕不能放棄這個愛好。(take短語；afford)(漢譯英)74.當(dāng)她意識到?jīng)]有足夠的時間為演出做準(zhǔn)備時，她一下子哭了出來。(burst短語；preparation)（漢譯英）第四節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第75—77題每小題2分，第78題5分，共11分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。Judgementisaqualitythatishardtodefinebutimportanttopossess.SirAndrewLikiermanoftheLondonBusinessSchoolsuggeststhatjudgmentis“thecombinationofpersonalqualitieswithrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoformopinionsandtakedecisions”.Andhearguesthat,thusdefined,judgmentinvolvesaprocess—takingininformation,decidingwhomandwhattotrust,summarizingone’spersonalknowledge,checkinganypriorbeliefsorfeelings,summarizingtheavailablechoicesandthenmakingthedecision.Expertknowledgecanbeusefulinmakingjudgments.Butitisnotthesamething.“Academicshaveexpertknowledge,”SirAndrewobserves.“Theydon’tnecessarilyhavejudgment.”Peoplewithjudgmentknowwhentheyareoutoftheirdepthinmakingadecisionandtypicallythenseektheadviceofsomeonewhohastherightbackgroundandknowledge.“Whilegoodjudgmentisimportanttosuccess,”SirAndrewcautions,“successisnotasignalthattherehasbeengoodjudgment.”Thedegreeofjudgmentrequiredtendstoincreaseaspeopletakeonmoreresponsibility.Thosewithroutinetasksgenerallyhavelimitedscopeforjudgment.Linesupervisorshavesomediscretion(自行決定權(quán)).Forachiefexecutive,theproportionofdecisionsinvolvingjudgmentishigh.Decidingnottotakeactionisalsoajudgmentwithpotentiallyseriousconsequences(forexample,“Iwon’tgetvaccinated”or“Iwon’tpaymybills”).Theworldisfullofpeoplewhoselackofjudgmentbroughttheircareersorpersonallifecrashingdown.Manymadethecommonmistakeofassumingeverythingwasfine.75.What’sSirAndrew’sdefinitionofjudgement?76.WhydoesAndrewsaythatexpertknowledgeisnotthesameasmakingjudgements?77.Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Goodjudgementisimportanttosuccessandasuccessfulpersondefinitelyhasgoodjudgement.78.Pleaselistotherfactorsbesides“judgement”thatcanleadtosuccessandexplainwhy.(about40words)第五節(jié)寫作（滿分15分）79.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他很想了解你的職業(yè)規(guī)劃。請你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你希望從事的職業(yè)；2.你選擇該職業(yè)的原因；3.你打算為之做何準(zhǔn)備。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，共25分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共20小題；每小題0.5分，共10分）從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Tohisdelight,hisworkwasexhibitedinthebest________inAmericaandEurope.A.galleries B.groceries C.guarantees D.globes【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令他高興的是，他的作品在美國和歐洲最好的畫廊展出。A.galleries畫廊；B.groceries雜貨店；C.guarantees保證；D.globes地球，世界。根據(jù)“hisworkwasexhibited”可知，此處是指作品在畫廊展出。故選A。2.Ineverexpectedthathewould________thetrustIplacedinhim.Wearenolongerfriends.A.adopt B.adapt C.abuse D.appeal【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從沒想到他會濫用我對他的信任。我們不再是朋友了。A.adopt采納，收養(yǎng)；B.adapt適應(yīng)；C.abuse濫用；D.appeal上訴，吸引。根據(jù)句中“Wearenolongerfriends”可知，此處指他把我對他的新人濫用，故選C。3.Japanesecompanieshavebeenproducingplentyof________productsthatgobeyondpeople’simagination.A.innovative B.reproductive C.parallel D.visible【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：日本的公司一直在生產(chǎn)大量超出人們想象的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品。A.innovative創(chuàng)新的；B.reproductive再生產(chǎn)的，復(fù)制的；C.parallel平行的；D.visible可見的。根據(jù)“gobeyondpeople’simagination.”可知，此處是指創(chuàng)新的產(chǎn)品。故選A。4.Isallthishealthyfoodsupposedtoincreasemyhappiness________?A.parcel B.quotient C.faucet D.lottery【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所有這些健康食品都能提高我的幸福指數(shù)嗎?A.parcel包裹；B.quotient指數(shù)，商數(shù)；C.faucet水龍頭；D.lottery彩票。happiness分別與A、C、D三個選項(xiàng)搭配語意皆不通；與B項(xiàng)搭配，happinessquotient意為“幸福指數(shù)”，符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。5.Fearsofaflu________aregrowingfollowingtheappearanceofanumberofcasesinthecity.A.victim B.trial C.intake D.outbreak【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意;在這個城市出現(xiàn)了一些流感病例后，人們對流感爆發(fā)的恐懼與日俱增。A.victim受害者；B.trial試驗(yàn)；C.intake攝入；D.outbreak爆發(fā)。根據(jù)“foll