中考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句（一）1定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。如果是由一個(gè)句子擔(dān)任定語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句可以修飾名詞或代詞，還能修飾整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句通常放在先行詞的后面；引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，即關(guān)系代詞（that,which,who,whom,whose)和關(guān)系副詞(where,when,why)，在句中起著連接作用，同時(shí)又在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。本節(jié)簡(jiǎn)單介紹關(guān)系代詞所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句2定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成：先行詞+引導(dǎo)詞（關(guān)系詞）+定語(yǔ)從句Thankyouforthebookthat/whichyougaveme說(shuō)明：關(guān)系代詞that/which跟在先行詞book的后面引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞that/which在從句中既代替先行詞book在句中擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)，又起著連詞的作用。在從句中因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞that/which已代替了主句中的book,所以在從句中就不再重復(fù)用bookThegirlwho/thatcamefirstisJane說(shuō)明：關(guān)系代詞who/that跟在先行詞girl后面引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。在從根據(jù)中既代替先行詞girl在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)，又起著連詞的作用，不能省略典例品味1Doyouknowthelittleboy____ishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroad?No.Buthowniceheis!AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhat2Themovie______wesawlastnightwasfantasticAthatBwhatCwhoseDwho專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1Pleasepassmethecartoonbook___hasaMickeyMouseonthecoverAwhomBwhichCwhoseDwho2it’sinterestingthattherearealotofpeople____speakFrenchinCanadaAwhereBwhichCwhoDwhen3Thegirl____wonthegoldmedalcomesfromXiamenNo.1highSchoolAwhoBwhichCwhomDwhat4Afriendissomeone___says,”What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhose5It’sbadforhealthtohurrytomoveintoahouse____hasnewfurnitureinitAwhoBwhereCwhenDthat定語(yǔ)從句（二）（三）我們?cè)谇懊嬷v過(guò)，定語(yǔ)從句是指在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞或代詞的從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句通常放在先行詞的后面；定語(yǔ)從句常由關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose和關(guān)系副詞where,when,why引導(dǎo)，在句中起連接作用，同時(shí)又在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分1關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系詞在從句中的作用先行詞例句關(guān)系代詞that主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)人、物ThewomanthatisinredistheirEnglishteacher./ThebookthatI’mreadingisaboutChina’shistorywhich主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)物Passmethepenwhichisonthedesk/MybikewhichIboughtlastyearwasstolenyesterdaywho主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)人Thegirlwhoiswearingabluecapismyfriend’ssister/TheboywhoKangkangistalkingwithisMichaelwhom賓語(yǔ)人HeisthemanwhomImetatthepartywhose定語(yǔ)人、物Thegirlwhosemotherisanactressplaysthepianoverywell關(guān)系副詞when狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間IstillrememberthedaywhenIwenttocollegewhere狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)Idon’tknowanyplacewhereIcangetaBeijignRoastDuckWhy狀語(yǔ)原因That’sthereasonwhyIcometoBeijingwithher2that與which的區(qū)別。以下情況只用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用法例句當(dāng)先行詞是all,everything,nothing,anything,much,little,few等不定代詞時(shí)PayattentiontoeverythingthatIdoAllthatyouhavetodoistostudyhard當(dāng)先行詞被all,every,no,little,much等修飾時(shí)AllthebooksthatwerewrittenbyH.J.Christareveryinteresting當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)HeisthefirstmanthatIknowinthecityThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修飾時(shí)（當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，也可用關(guān)系代詞who,whom)Sheistheonlypersonthatwasinvitedtothemeetinginourschool先行詞中既有人或物時(shí)Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedinschool主句是以who,what,which開頭的句子WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoDavid?溫馨提示That和which在定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常被省略，尤其是在口語(yǔ)和非正式用語(yǔ)中；但that和which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能省略。區(qū)別在于：介詞不能放在that之前，只能放在動(dòng)詞之后；而which可以，即介詞可以放在which前面或是放在相關(guān)動(dòng)詞之后TheclassroomthatwestudyinisverylargeTheroominwhichMr.Gaolivesisverybeautiful=Theroomwhichmr.Gaolivesinisverybeautiful典例品味1Moststudentsliketheteachers____understandthemwellAwhichBwhatCwhomDwho2Peoplearetalkingabouttheldhouses____JackieChanboughtinAnhuitwentyyearsagoAwhereBwhichCwhoDwhen3Beijingblindissonething____mostpeoplecan’timagineAwhoBwhichCthatDwhom4Hedidn’tcatchtheball______hisfatherthrewtohimAwhatBwhoCthatDwhom

5Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers___IvisitedinLondonyearsagoAwhatBwhoCthatDwhich專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1Cindywantstobuythebook______waswrittenbyMoYanwhogottheNobelLiteraturePrizelastyearAwhoBthatCwhatDwhom2Shehatespeople_____don’thelpotherswhentheyhavetroubleAwhoseB/CwhomDwho3PeterlikestolistentoKellyClaskson’smusic_____isveryloudandfullofenergyAwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich4Idon’tknowthegirl___KangkangistalkingtoAwhichBwhomCwhyDwhose5Doyouknowthewoman_____hairiswhite?SheismygrandmaAwhoBthatCwhoseDwhich6Thepolicecaughttheman___stolesomecomputersinourscholAwhomBwhoCwhoseDwhich7Bob,Iwillgoandhelpmyfatheronthefarm.Pleaselookaftermylittlesonandthedog____areathomeAthatBwhichCwhoDwhom8Ihavealreadyreadthefirstbook___