敗壞了赫德萊堡的人+課件

馬克·吐溫（MarkTwain，1835年—1910年），原名薩繆爾·蘭亨·克萊門，美國小說家、作家、演說家，19世紀(jì)后期美國現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的杰出代表。主要作品有《哈克貝里·芬歷險(xiǎn)記》，《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》，《競選州長》，《百萬英鎊》等。Hadleyburgisworldfamousforitshonesty.Butitisareputationthathasneverfacedrealtemptation...untilthedayastrangerleavesamysteriousbagofgoldasarewardforagooddeed.ThenthetruenatureofHadleyburg'scitizensisuncovered.Thestrangerfeltslighted（覺得受了冷落）onhisvisittoHadleyburg.Thebagofgoldispartofaschemetocorruptthetownwhoseprideintheirhonestybordersonhubris（傲慢）.Allbutoneofthetown'sprominentfamiliesbecometheobjectofderision（嘲笑）astheextentoftheirgreedanddishonestyispubliclyrevealed.However,eventhatonecoupleishauntedbytheirdishonestyandintheirguilt,misconstrue（誤解）thegenerousgestureofanotherandsabotage（蓄意破壞）theirownsuccess.Theironicendingelicits（誘出）achuckle（輕笑、暗笑）asonlyoneofMarkTwain'ssardonic（譏諷的）witcan.《敗壞了哈德萊堡的人》是美國作家馬克·吐溫的中篇小說。該故事描述了一個(gè)本來和睦平靜的以“誠實(shí)”、“清高”而聞名于世的哈德萊堡小鎮(zhèn)，在一袋金幣的誘惑下，小鎮(zhèn)的“誠實(shí)”的居民，尤其是那19位首要公民，非但沒有一人能抵住誘惑，反而都昧盡良心為錢欺騙、作偽，撕去了他們誠實(shí)道德的外衣，露出了貪婪的本性，演出了場場丑劇，使得“誠實(shí)”、“清高”的哈德萊堡鎮(zhèn)臭名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)。運(yùn)用諷刺手法，揭露批判了19世紀(jì)美國社會(huì)的拜金主義，辛辣諷刺了資產(chǎn)階級的虛偽人性?！癗INETEENERS(Someofthe19prominentcitizensofHadleyburg)MaryRichards---firsttoreceivetheaccursed（被詛咒的）sackofgoldEdwardRichards---herhusband,findshonestyisn'teasyMrs.Wilson---prominentlawyerMr.Wilson---herhusbandMs.JaneBillson---primeclaimantofthegoldMs.Harkness---speculator（投機(jī)者）

vyingfor（爭奪）

aseatonthelegislature（立法機(jī)關(guān)）,theopponentofbankerPinkertonMs.Piketon---ownstownbankCharactersMinorcitizensJackHalliday---townloafer（浪子，懶漢）,providescommentaryRev.Ms.Burgess---thearbiter（仲裁人）ofthegoldrewardCharlesCox---owneroflocalnewspaperMabelCox---hiswifeJenny---CoxemployeeThearchitect---recentlymovedintotownOthersTheStranger---planstodestroythosewhoslightedhimNewspaperReporter---

fromtheAssociatedPressofficeMr.Richards理查茲是小鎮(zhèn)銀行的老出納員。他是一個(gè)“為了那點(diǎn)兒薪水而甘當(dāng)別人的奴隸”，但又很善于自我解脫的重要鎮(zhèn)民。當(dāng)他從妻子那里得知一袋金幣的秘密時(shí)，下意識(shí)地開玩笑道：“把這些錢藏起來，把紙條子燒掉不就行了”。這種下意識(shí)其實(shí)正暴露了理查茲內(nèi)心的貪欲和不誠實(shí)。他為了滿足自己能看到其它市鎮(zhèn)忌妒的虛榮心，理查茲將秘密告訴了報(bào)館老板柯克斯。金幣的秘密隨著報(bào)紙的發(fā)行轟動(dòng)了全美各地，這是理查茲始料不及的。理查茲夫婦追悔莫及，彼此埋怨不已。Stephenson“史蒂文森”“史蒂文森”是一位外鄉(xiāng)人。他是一個(gè)來無蹤、去無影的人物，是一個(gè)極高明的社會(huì)心理分析家。

Harkness

銀行家哈克尼斯是一個(gè)典型的資本主義投機(jī)政客，老奸巨滑，既貪婪又善于耍弄手腕。哈克尼斯當(dāng)上了州議會(huì)的議員。Plot

Chapter1

---an“incorruptible”town---asackofgold---aletterof“l(fā)ife-changingadvice”---newsspreadout---attentionacrossthecountryChapter2---honestyspreadthroughout---moodchanges---guess---19modelcouples---samelettersfromastranger---claimthegold---purchasethingsonfuturewealthChapter3---townhallmeeting---thesameremark(Billson&Wilson)---thesecondhalfofremark---“18”sameclaims---stanger'splotandrevenge---anauction---Mr.andMrs.Richardsandhis“honesty”Chapter4---checkstotheRichards---amessagefromBurgess---anxiety---Mr.andMrs.Richardsfallill---confesstheirguiltbeforedie---HadleyburgrenameFeatures

Humorandsatire(諷刺;譏諷)

---profoundtheme---psychologicaldescriptionandanalysis---cleverplotProfoundtheme

Moneyworship

Inordertogetthesackofgold,the19citizenspretendtothebenefactorofthestrangerwhohadgivenhimtheadvice.Irony

Thewholestoryisamicrocosm（縮影）ofthattimesThe“incorruptible”Hadleyburg---EarlyAmericancapitalistsociety19prominentcitizens---hypocriticalandgreedyupperclassPsychologicaldescriptionandanalysis

Mr.andMrsRichards

Hypocrites(偽君子)Useeveryconceivable（可想象的）meanstogainthegold

VSwanttokeepthereputation---“themosthonesty”contrastCleverplotAtfirst,settingupasuspense,letthe19prominentcitizenswalkintothetrapstepbystep.Inthemiddle,addsomedetailstomakethewholestoryperfectly.Atlast,theRichardsdied,Hadleyburgwasallowedtochangeitsname.1. WhatcanweknowaboutHadleyburg?A. Itwastheleasthonestanduprighttown.B. Itcanbecorruptedbyanyone.C. Ithasagoodreputation.D. Itoffendednobodyforyears.C2. WhatonearthruinsthegoodreputationofHadleyburg?A.Amanwhoisbitterandrevengeful.B. TheRichards.C. Thenineteenprincipalhouseholds.D. Theselfishandgreedynature.D3. WhydidMr.Richardsmakeapublicinquirytofindthemanwhogaveasufferingstrangertwentydollars?A. TomakesureeverybodyinHadleyburgknowthenews.B. Toshortensearchtimeandimproveefficiency.C. Tolettheneighboringtownshelpfindtheman.D. ToenlargeuponHadleyburg’sfineoldreputationforhonesty.D4. Afterthenewswaspublished,whydidthevillagers’feelingsswingfromhappyandvaintomoodyandabsent-minded?A.Thedesireformoneypoisonedtheirminds.B. Therewassomethingunfortunatehappenedinthevillage.C. Theyrealizedmoneywasevil.D. Nobodyclaimedthesackofgold.A5. WhatistheintentionofStephensonsendingthesameletterstothenineteenprincipalhouseholds?A. Toinformmoredetailedinformation.B. Tohelpeveryfamilymakeafortune.C. Tohelpvillagersgetridofpoverty.D. Tomakevillagerscon