高中英語狀語從句講解含答案解析

狀語從句講解和練習(xí)

狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。例如：

1.

Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.(副詞)

2.

Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.(介詞狀短語)

3.

Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.(不定式)

4.

Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.(過去分詞)

5.

IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.（原因狀語從句）

狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作狀語修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)必須后置。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞

和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下:

1．時(shí)間狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.

WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.

Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果園)themomenttheysawtheguard.

NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.

EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.

2．地點(diǎn)狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：where

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever,anywhere,everywhere

Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.

3．原因狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：because,since,as,since

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,

MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.

Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.

Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.

Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.

4．目的狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：sothat,inorderthat

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat

Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.

Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.

5．結(jié)果狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so…that,so…that,such…that,

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.

It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.

Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tsleeplastnight.

6．條件狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：if,unless,

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthat

We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.

Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.

Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

7．讓步狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：though,although,evenif,eventhough

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever

MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.

盡管我很尊敬他，我卻不同意他的建議。

Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.

Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.

8．比較狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較),than(不同程度的比較)

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasB

Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.

Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.

Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.

Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。

9．方式狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as,asif,how

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：theway

WheninRome,doastheRomando.

Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.

Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.10.

狀語從句的簡(jiǎn)化

?狀語從句的省略

狀語從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件:①主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it；②從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞?？墒÷?。例如：

When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.

另外，比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。例如：

I’mtallerthanhe(istall).

Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).

就狀語從句而言,有時(shí)為了使語言言簡(jiǎn)意賅,常常將狀語從句進(jìn)行"簡(jiǎn)化"。狀語從句的"簡(jiǎn)化"現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍,而且在高考中的復(fù)現(xiàn)率也較高。因此,有必要對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面、透徹的了解。

狀語從句的"簡(jiǎn)化"現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:①由if,unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;②由although,though,evenif/though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;③由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句;④由as,asif等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句;⑤由as,than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。下面針對(duì)這五種情形作一歸納。

(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動(dòng)詞是be時(shí),it和be要完全簡(jiǎn)化掉。例如:

If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的話,他會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。

Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情況對(duì)你來說不方便,否則你必須出席這次會(huì)議。

(2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí),從句可以將主語和be動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)化掉。常用于以下幾種情形:

a.連詞+形容詞

As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小時(shí)候就學(xué)會(huì)了騎自行車。

Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。

Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。

b.連詞+名詞

While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提時(shí)代就樂于助人。

Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.盡管他曾是個(gè)農(nóng)民,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。

c.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞

As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。

Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.盡管近來他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒有取得好成績(jī)。

d.連詞+過去分詞

Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀請(qǐng),否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。

Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.這場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。

e.連詞+不定式

Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.當(dāng)時(shí)他站起來好像要說什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他來負(fù)責(zé),他也解決不了這個(gè)問題。f.連詞+介詞短語

Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。

HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美國之前就懂英語了。

注意:當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語不一致時(shí),從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。例如:

Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.當(dāng)會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí),人們都走出了會(huì)議室。(=Themeetingover,

鞏固練習(xí)

1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.which

B.when

C.sothat

D.asif

2.Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.

A.until

B.if

C.when

D.that

3.AsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequipped

B.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themorelifeyouareequippedfor

D.youareequippedthemoreforlife

4.Afterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice?

—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.

A.since

B.however

C.whether

D.for

6.Asyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.

A.thatIcanto

B.whatIcanto

C.allthatIcan

D.whatIcan

7.Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.

A.aslongas

B.inorderto

C.incase

D.sothat

8.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.

A.as

B.since

C.until

D.before

9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.

—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.

A.If

B.When

C.Where

D.Though

10.Itistenyears________hesmoked.

A.that

B.when

C.since

D.while

11.Wemusthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.

A.that

B.sothatto

C.inorderthat

D.inorderto

12.Nomatter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.

A.what

B.whatever

C.how

D.however

13.________youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.

A.Which

B.Whenever

C.Whatever

D.When

14.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday?

—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefinitelygo.

A.have

B.had

C.havehad

D.wouldhave

15.________youaresoweak，you’dbetterstayathome.

A.Since

B.For

C.Because

D.Though

16.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose________youlike.

A.nomatterwhich

B.whichever

C.which

D.whatever

17.IsawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.

A.as

B.before

C.since

D.till

18.I’llbebackbeforeyou________.

A.willleave

B.willhaveleft

C.leave

D.wouldleave

19.Theproblemwon’tbesettleduntilwe________achancetodiscussitthoroughly.

A.havehad

B.willhave

C.willhavehad

D.wouldhave

20.Ifyou________thisexperiment，youwillunderstandthetheorybetter.

A.willbedoing

B.havedone

C.willhavedone

D.woulddo

21.Theywentonworking________itwaslateatnight.

A.evenif

B.asif

C.however

D.asthough

22.Ihurried________Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.since

B.sothat

C.asif

D.unless

23.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit________.

A.willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israining

24.________youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage，youshowyourskillstoothers.

A.Attimes

B.Sometime

C.Bythetime

D.Everytime

25.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，________.

A.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread

B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.hisworksarenotwidelyread

D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread

26.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe________.

A.willarrive

B.isgoingtoarrive

C.arrives

D.isarriving

27.Weshouldfinishtheimportantjob，________.

A.longittakeshowever

B.ittakeshoweverlong

C.longhoweverittakes

D.howeverlongittakes

28.________hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.That

B.Why

C.What

D.How

29.________comestothepartywillreceiveagift.

A.Which

B.Who

C.Whichone

D.Whoever

30.Sheiswillingtohelpyou,________busysheis.

A.what

B.how

C.however

D.whatever

31.Idon’tcarewhetherhestays________goes.

A.nor

B.then

C.or

D.otherwise

32.Nomatter________harditmaybe，I’llcarryitout.

A.what

B.whatever

C.how

D.however

33.Whydoyouwanttofindanewjob________you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

34.________heis,hewillbethinkingofyou.

A.Wherever

B.Where

C.Nowthat

D.Assoonas

35.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings________youcanfindthemagain.

A.when

B.where

C.then

D.there

36.Hegotexcitedatthenews，________Iwascalm.

A.when

B.while

C.because

D.after

37.—ShallBrowncomeandplaycomputergames?

—No，________hehasfinishedhishomework.

A.when

B.if

C.unless

D.once

38.________youtry，youwillneversucceed.

A.If

B.Until

C.Since

D.Unless

39.HardlyhadhearrivedinHongkong________sherangmeup.

A.when

B.than

C.that

D.and

40.________theyheardtheshoutforhelp，theyrushedout.

A.Immediately

B.Themoment

C.Thewhile

D.Alltheabove

41.________，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.

A.Tryashedoes

B.ashetries

C.Tryasdoeshe

D.Ashedoestry

42.—Theairisfullofsmokeandpeoplearecoughing.

—Itwillgetworse________thegovernmentdoessomethingaboutthepollution.

A.but

B.unless

C.except

D.if

43.If________，Iwouldhavegonewithhim.

A.hadhetoldme

B.hehadtoldme

C.hehastoldme

D.hewouldtellme

44.—AliceismovingtohernewapartmentnextSaturday.

—I’llbegladtohelpher，________needsomehelp.

A.shouldshe

B.ifshewill

C.ifshe

D.ifshemight

45.Icame________Iheardthenews.

A.until

B.assoonas

C.immediately

D.BandC

46.Whatwehaveseen________.

A.fromwhatweheard

B.allwhatweheard

C.towhatwehaveheard

D.fromwhatwehaveheard

47.Wewillnevergivein________theymightdoorsayaboutourplan.

A.nomatterhow

B.how

C.whatever

D.although

48.IfyougotoXi’an，youwillfindtheplacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly________.

A.supposing

B.supposed

C.tosuppose

D.suppose

49.________hecomes，wewouldnotbeabletogo.

A.Without

B.Unless

C.Except

D.Even

50.It’snowonderyou’vegotaheadache________youdranksomuchlastnight.

A.though

B.incase

C.when

D.while

51.IwonderifI________time.IfI________time，I’llgowithyou.

A.have；have

B.willhave；willhave

C.have；willhave

D.willhave；have

52.Bythetimeyou_______back，thesupper________ready.

A.willget；willbe

B.get；was

C.get；will