安徽省阜陽(yáng)市師范學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

安徽省阜陽(yáng)市師范學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Thetower______willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished. A.isbeingrestored B.toberestored

C.restored

D.beingrestored參考答案：D2.CanIhaveyournameandyourtelephonenumber________wecantouchyouwhenwehave

news?

A.sothat

B.eventhough

C.incase

D.aslongas參考答案：A3. ________takeabus,Iwouldwalktoschool.A.Morethan

B.Otherthan

C.Ratherthan

D.Betterthan參考答案：C略4.Duringhisstayinasmallvillage,hewitnessedacase

thesonsrefusedtosupporttheirelderlyparents.A．that

B．where

C．when

D．which參考答案：B5.Thisinformationallowsbusinessmentokeep

oftheirlistofgoodsbyshowingwhichitemsarebeingsoldandhowfasttheyaremoving. A．sight B．track C．touch D．sign參考答案：B6.Theastronautsstartedtheirjourneysinrockets_____forwardbyjetsofhotgas.A.drove

B.driven

C.driving

D.todrive參考答案：B7.________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.It

B.This

C.What

D.As參考答案：C8.Whathasbeen____?Youhaven'tbeenaroundtoseeusforages．

A．turningyouaway

B．keepingyouaway

C．givingyouaway

D．puttingyouaway參考答案：B9.Shehasthreebrothers,_______isadoctor.A.allofthem

B.noneofthem

C.allofwhom

D.noneofwhom參考答案：D10.－Whatwasthetroublewithyouthedaybeforeyesterday?－WhenIpracticedrunningontheplayground,mystrength_________andIfellontotheground.

A．gaveaway

B．gavein

C．gaveoff D．gaveout參考答案：D11.Tony____theinvitation,otherwisehewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdayparty.A.couldn’thavereceived

B.mustn’thavereceivedC.needn’thavereceived

D.shouldn’thavereceived參考答案：12.ItwasthefirsttimethatTim______alie.Hewasscared.A.told

B.wastelling

C.wouldtell

D.hadtold參考答案：D略13.Theoldengineer’seyesstillshonebrightinthewrinkledbrownfaceandhisstepashecameacrosstheroomwas______,thoughslow.A.shaky

B.

heavy

C.

casual

D.steady參考答案：D14.TheShanghaiExpopresentedtheuniqueChineseculturetotheworldat________surveysshowtobethefavorite---Chinesepavilion(展館).

A.where

B.that

C.theone

D.what參考答案：D15.WhenMarybroughtfriendsorvolunteerstotheareawheresheworked,mostof________spentthefirstdaysobbing．

A．they

B．them

C.whom

D．which

參考答案：B16.I’dappreciate________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.A.it

B.you

C.one

D.this參考答案：A考查代詞。I’dappreciateitif/when/that…是固定句式，it做形式賓語(yǔ)，故選A。

二、完型填空17.NewgeneticanalysishasrevealedthatmanyAmazontreespeciesarelikelytosurvivehuman-madeclimatewarminginthecomingcentury,contrarytopreviousfindingsthattemperatureincreaseswouldcausethemtodieout.Astudy,

41inthelatesteditionofEcologyandEvolution,revealsthe

42ageofsomeAmazoniantreespecies--morethan8millionyears--and

43showsthattheyhavesurvivedpreviousperiodsaswarmasmanyoftheglobalwarmingimaginedperiods

44

fortheyear2100.Theauthorswritethat,havingsurvivedwarmperiodsinthepast,thetreeswill

45

survivefuturewarming,providedtherearenoothermajorenvironmentalchanges.

46

extremedroughtsandforestfireswillimpactAmazoniaastemperatures

47

,thetreeswillstandthedirectimpactofhighertemperatures.Theauthors

48thataswellasreducinggreenhousegasemissionstominimizetheriskofdroughtandfire,conservationpolicyshouldremain

49onpreventingdeforestation（采伐森林）foragricultureandmining.Thestudydisagreeswithotherrecentresearcheswhichpredictedtreespecies’extinctions

50lysmallincreasesinglobalaverageairtemperatures.Studyco-authorDrSimonLewis(UCLGeography)saidthe

51weregoodnewsforAmazontreespecies,butwarnedthatdroughtandover-exploitationoftheforestremainedmajor52totheAmazon’sfuture.DrLewissaid:“Thepastcannotbecompareddirectlywiththefuture.Whiletreespeciesseemlikelyto

53

higherairtemperaturesthantoday,theAmazonforestisbeingtransformedforagricultureand54

,andwhatremainsisbeingdegraded（使惡化）bylogging（伐木）,andincreasinglysplitupbyfieldsandroads.“Specieswillnotmoveasfreelyintoday’sAmazonastheydidinpreviouswarmperiods,whentherewasnohuman

55

.Similarly,today’sclimatechangeisextremelyfast,makingcomparisonswithslowerchangesinthepast

56

.”“Withaclearer

57oftheriskstotheAmazonforest,we

58thatdirecthumanimpacts--suchasforestclearancesforagricultureormining--shouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressive

59toreducegreenhousegasemissionsinordertomakeminimumtheriskofdroughtandfireimpactsand

60

thefutureofmostAmazontreespecies.”41.A.advertised B.described C.published D.presented42.A.frightening B.surprising C.exciting D.interesting43.A.still B.nevertheless C.however D.therefore44.A.assess B.confirm C.forecast D.promise45.A.particularly B.probably C.merely D.possibly46.A.Since B.Although C.When D.If47.A.rise B.change C.drop D.end48.A.consider B.decide C.guarantee D.recommend49.A.based B.built C.focused D.made50.A.inrelationto B.inresponseto C.inreplyto D.inreferenceto51.A.findings B.thoughts C.inventions D.writings52.A.threats B.disadvantages C.embarrassments D.instructions53.A.accept B.tolerate C.permit D.require54.A.farming B.planting C.catering D.mining55.A.power B.influence C.desire D.violence56.A.difficult B.clear C.easy D.important57.A.belief B.direction C.understanding D.suggestion58.A.doubt B.conclude C.calculate D.prefer59.A.thought B.guidance C.protection D.action60.A.secure B.advance C.sacrifice D.evaluate參考答案：41-45.CBDCB

46-50.BADCB

51-55.AABDB

56-60.ACBDA42.B考察形容詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Frightening害怕的，surprising驚人的，exciting興奮地，interesting有趣的，根據(jù)句意生物進(jìn)化論的最新版公布了一項(xiàng)研究，這項(xiàng)研究揭露了亞馬遜古代樹種驚人的年齡可知，故選B.43.D考察連詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Still仍然，nevertheless然而，不過，however但是，therefore因此，根據(jù)句意這些古代樹種有著超800多萬(wàn)年的樹齡，因此表明了它可以在許多和先前時(shí)代一樣溫暖的全球氣候變暖的時(shí)代幸存，預(yù)測(cè)為2100年，故選D.44.C考察動(dòng)詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Assess評(píng)定，confirm確認(rèn)，forecast預(yù)測(cè)，promise允許。根據(jù)句意這些古代樹種有著超800多萬(wàn)年的樹齡，因此表明了它可以在許多和先前時(shí)代一樣溫暖的全球氣候變暖的時(shí)代幸存，預(yù)測(cè)為2100年，故選C.49.C考察動(dòng)詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解.based基礎(chǔ)，built建筑，focused集中，made制作，根據(jù)句意：作者建議減少溫室氣體排放，同時(shí)也將干旱和火災(zāi)降到最低，保護(hù)措施應(yīng)當(dāng)仍然集中于為了農(nóng)礦的發(fā)展而采伐森林，故選C.50.B考察短語(yǔ)辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解，inrelationto與…關(guān)系inresponseto響應(yīng)；回答；對(duì)…作出反應(yīng)，inreplyto答復(fù)…，inreferenceto關(guān)于，根據(jù)句意研究結(jié)果與其他研究者不同的是他們預(yù)測(cè)樹種的滅絕是對(duì)相對(duì)小幅氣溫升高的反應(yīng)，故選B.51.A考察名詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解.findings發(fā)現(xiàn),thoughts想法，inventions發(fā)明，writings作品，根據(jù)句意：教授說(shuō)這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于亞馬遜樹種來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)好消息，但是任然警告了我們干旱和過度采伐森林對(duì)于亞馬遜的未來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是主要的威脅，故選A.52.A考察名詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Threats威脅，disadvantages不利條件，embarrassments窘境，instructions說(shuō)明，根據(jù)句意：教授說(shuō)這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于亞馬遜樹種來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)好消息，但是任然警告了我們干旱和過度采伐森林對(duì)于亞馬遜的未來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是主要的威脅，故選A.53.B考察動(dòng)詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Accept接受，tolerate容忍，permit允許，require要求，根據(jù)句意：與現(xiàn)在相比，樹種好像能容忍更高的溫度，亞馬遜森林正在向農(nóng)業(yè)和礦業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變，故選B.54.D考察名詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Farming畜牧業(yè)，planting種植業(yè)，catering，mining礦業(yè)，根據(jù)句意：與現(xiàn)在相比，樹種好像能容忍更高的溫度，亞馬遜森林正在向農(nóng)業(yè)和礦業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變，故選D.55.B考察名詞辨析以及語(yǔ)境的理解。Power力量，influence影響，desire欲望，violence暴力，當(dāng)這里沒有人類的力量的時(shí)候，物種移動(dòng)更為自由，故選B。三、閱讀理解18.NextautumnwhenyouseewildgeeseheadingsouthforthewinterflyinginaVformationyoumightthinkaboutwhatscientistshavediscoveredastowhytheyflythatway.Aseachbirdflaps(拍打)itswings，itcreatesanuplift（升力）forthebirdimmediatelyfollowing.ByflyinginVformationthewholegroupaddsatleast71%greaterflyingrange(航程)thanifeachbirdfliesonitsown.Peoplewhoshareacommondirectionandsenseofcommunitycangetwheretheyaregoingmorequicklyandeasilybecausetheyaretravelingonthepushofoneanother.Whenawildgoosefallsoutoftheformation，itsuddenlyfeelsthedragandresistance(阻力)oftryingtogoaloneandquicklytriestogetbackintotheformationtotakeadvantageoftheliftingpowerofthebirdinfront.Whentheheadgoosegetstired,itfliesbackintotheformationandanothergoosefliestothefront.Itiswisetotaketurnsdoingdifficultjobswhetheritbepeopleorwildgeeseflyingsouth.Wildgeesehonk(發(fā)出雁叫聲)frombehindtoinspirethoseupfronttokeepuptheirspeed.Whenawildgoosegetssickorwoundedbygunshots,andfallsoutoftheformation,twoothergeesewillfalloutwiththatgooseandfollowitdowntolendhelpandprotection.Theywillstaywiththefallengooseuntilitisabletoflyoruntilitdies,andonlythenwilltheygoonwiththeirownorwithanotherformationtocatchupwiththeirgroup.24.WildgeeseflyinaVformationinorderto_______.A.protectthemselvesfromdanger B.flymorequicklyandeasilyC.helpthesickandwounded D.flymuchhigherinthesky25.IfawildgoosefallsoutoftheVformation,______.A.theothergeesewillcallitback B.theothergeesewillflywithitC.itwilltrytogetbackintothegroup D.itwillfallbehindthewholegroup26.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Weshouldbelieveinthosewhoofferushelp.B.Weshouldcaremoreabouttheoldandsick.C.WeshouldtrytoleadotherstomoveforwardD.Weshouldgivepeoplefacingdifficultiesencouragement.27.Whenawildgoosebecomessickoriswounded,_______.A.thewholegroupwillstopflyingB.twoothergeesewillstaywithittoofferhelpC.itwillbeleftaloneandwillfallonthegroundD.othergeesewillhonktogiveitencouragement參考答案：24.B

25.C

26.D

27.B【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了大雁南飛習(xí)慣排成V字行隊(duì)伍，關(guān)于這個(gè)課題，科學(xué)家作了調(diào)查研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)大雁的飛行方向與其群體感和群體方向有關(guān)。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中ByflyinginaVformationthewholegroupaddsatleast71%greaterflyingrange（航程）thanifeachbirdfliesonitsown．（以V型隊(duì)形飛行，整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的飛行距離比單獨(dú)飛行時(shí)增加至少71%。）可知大雁排成V字形飛行是為了飛得更快更容易。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Whenawildgoosefallsoutoftheformation,itsuddenlyfeelsthedragandresistanceoftryingtogoaloneandquicklytriestogetbackintotheformationtotakeadvantageoftheliftingpowerofthebirdinfront.（當(dāng)一只雁從隊(duì)列中掉出來(lái)時(shí)，它突然感到了想要單獨(dú)行動(dòng)的阻力，并迅速試圖回到隊(duì)列中，以利用前面那只雁的升力。）可知如果一只雁從V型隊(duì)列中掉出來(lái)，它會(huì)試圖回到隊(duì)伍中。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Wildgeesehonkfrombehindtoinspirethoseupfronttokeepuptheirspeed.（大雁從后面鳴叫，以激勵(lì)前面的人跟上他們的速度。）可知我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)大雁，給面臨困難的人以鼓勵(lì)。故選D。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Whenawildgoosegetssickorwoundedbygunshots，andfallsoutoftheformation，twoothergeesewillfalloutwiththatgooseandfollowitdowntolendhelpandprotection．（一旦有只野雁生病或是受了槍傷跟不上隊(duì)伍，那么兩只野雁將會(huì)退出隊(duì)伍陪伴這只野雁，并給予幫助和保護(hù)。）可知當(dāng)一只大雁生病或受傷時(shí)，另外兩只大雁會(huì)留下來(lái)幫助它。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題方法細(xì)節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問題，是閱讀理解題中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。但高考所占的比例大，應(yīng)特別引起注意。事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點(diǎn)是：對(duì)文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實(shí)的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。經(jīng)常有新技術(shù)對(duì)將來(lái)人們工作和生活不良影響的預(yù)測(cè)，但事實(shí)證明結(jié)果并不是那樣，我們有必要否定預(yù)測(cè)，以減少人們的恐懼。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如第二小題，根據(jù)第三段的Whenawildgoosefallsoutoftheformation,itsuddenlyfeelsthedragandresistanceoftryingtogoaloneandquicklytriestogetbackintotheformationtotakeadvantageoftheliftingpowerofthebirdinfront.（當(dāng)一只雁從隊(duì)列中掉出來(lái)時(shí)，它突然感到了想要單獨(dú)行動(dòng)的阻力，并迅速試圖回到隊(duì)列中，以利用前面那只雁的升力。）可知如果一只雁從V型隊(duì)列中掉出來(lái)，它會(huì)試圖回到隊(duì)伍中。故選C。19.SincetheinventionofGuitarHeroandsimilarcomputergames,itisnolongernecessarytoimaginewhatitwouldbeliketoplayalongwiththeBeatles—youcancometogetherwiththeminthevirtualworld.BillWyman,formerbassplayer(貝斯手)intheRollingStones,haspointedoutthatmusicvideogamesdiscouragekidsfromlearningtoplayrealinstruments.Myownopinionsuggestquiteopposite.Lastyear,IboughtGuitarHeroⅢforour14-year-oldson,Jack.Jackquicklymasteredtheprocessandenteredanintenseperiodofplayingthegame.Afewmonthslater,whileIwasawayontour,acoupleofhisfriendscamearoundwitharealelectricguitar.PlayingGuitarHerohadtaughtthemhowtoplayalongthetrack.Nowtheywantedtoseeiftheycouldapplythattotherealthing.Jack’sfriendstaughthimhowtoplayalongtohisfavoritesongsusingjusthisindexfinger(食指)onthebassstring.Hegotitrightaway.GuitarHerohadhelpedhimoverthefirstdifficultyforguitarplayers—howtostrum(撥弄)thestringswithonehandwhilemakingchord(和弦)shapeswiththeother.HeneverplaysGuitarHeronow,preferringtorockoutinthegaragewithhismates.Despitemyattemptsatgettinghimtolearnaninstrument,itwasGuitarHerothattaughthimthebasicsofplayingandbuiltuphisconfidencetotheextentthathewasabletomakearecognizablesoundthefirsttimeheplayedit.Solet’snotcomplainaboutagamethat