南都電池用戶手冊

ZEIBElm,活站閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池LonglifeStandby(ABS)Series(LSA)系列用戶手冊版本號：3.2浙江南都電源動力股份有限公司ZHEJIANGNARADAPOWERSOURCECO.,LTDTOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"安全與警示 2前言 3\o"CurrentDocument"第一章LSA系列電池產品介紹 4\o"CurrentDocument"產品特點 4\o"CurrentDocument"主要應用領域 5型號的組成及其代表意義 5\o"CurrentDocument"產品結構 5\o"CurrentDocument"產品型號及外形尺寸 6\o"CurrentDocument"工作原理 6\o"CurrentDocument"第二章技術特性 7\o"CurrentDocument"放電特性曲線及放電數(shù)據(jù) 7\o"CurrentDocument"充電特性曲線 7\o"CurrentDocument"電池選型 13\o"CurrentDocument"內阻和短路電流 13\o"CurrentDocument"第三章電池的使用與維護 15\o"CurrentDocument"參數(shù)設置 15\o"CurrentDocument"電池的容量 16\o"CurrentDocument"電池使用溫度 16\o"CurrentDocument"充放電要求 19\o"CurrentDocument"電池儲存 21\o"CurrentDocument"電池維護 21\o"CurrentDocument"第四章售后服務 23附錄1 24附錄2 25安全與警示請閱讀本手冊！它提供了很重要的安全、安裝和操作指導，使您的設備發(fā)揮最高的性能，并且能夠延長設備的使用壽命?！鰹榱四陌踩?，請不要嘗試去拆開它。這一設備內不包含用戶可用的備件，維修工作只能由廠商專門訓練的服務人員進行?！鲇捎陔姵厮鶐淼臐撛诘膶】岛铜h(huán)境的危害，因此它們應僅在工廠授權的服務中心更換。為了更換電池或維修設備，請打顧客服務電話以得到距您最近的服務中心的信息?！鲭姵乜梢员换厥?，對電池正確的處理是很必要的。電池含有鉛，如果處理不當，將會給環(huán)境和人類健康帶來危害。請查看當?shù)氐姆ㄒ?guī)以得到所需的正確的處理方法或將設備送回工廠授權的服務中心進行電池更換或處理?！鲭姵氐母鼡Q應該由熟悉電池的危險以及所需的預防措施的人員來操作或監(jiān)督。禁止非專業(yè)人員更換電池。當更換電池時，請用和原來使用電池相同型號和類型的密封的鉛酸電池?！鼍嬉灰徊灰陔姵亟M附近吸煙或使用明火?！鼍嬉灰徊灰褂萌魏斡袡C溶劑清洗電池。■警告一一不要把電池放置在火中，電池會爆炸?！鼍嬉灰徊灰蜷_電池，它含有對皮膚和眼睛有毒害的電解質?！鼍嬉灰浑姵貢痣姄艉彤a生短路電流。當更換電池時，戴在手腕上的手表和珠寶例如戒指應該拿開。用帶有絕緣手柄的工具操作。浙江南都電源動力股份有限公司是專業(yè)生產閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池的國家高新技術企業(yè)。公司成立于1994年9月。目刖，公司有員工500余人，工程技術人員約占13%，擁有以教授、高工、博士、碩士等高級人才為核心的強大研發(fā)力量。公司與哈爾濱工業(yè)大學合作，建立了南都化學電源研究開發(fā)中心。南都GFM產品通過了信息產業(yè)部、解放軍總參謀部、鐵道部、電力部的質量認證和鑒定，并通過了25個省市入網選型。產品廣泛應用于電信、電力、鐵道、軍工等系統(tǒng)，并遠銷美國、意大利、英國、越南、緬甸、老撾、菲律賓、孟加拉國等國家。在用戶的關心和支持下，南都牌閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池的質量日益提高，產品的技術性能和工藝性能不斷完善和改進。在總結GFM電池生產和運行經驗的基礎上，采用國際最新一代AGM技術開發(fā)了LSA系列產品。本《手冊》向用戶提供了南都牌LSA系列閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池的性能特性、安裝、使用和維護程序。因技術的不斷發(fā)展和我們水平的限制，難免存在一些遺漏和差錯，懇請用戶提出寶貴意見。浙江南都電源動力股份有限公司2003年8月第一章LSA系列電池產品介紹產品特點1.1設計浮充壽命15年以上，80%DOD循環(huán)壽命1200次以上特殊專利配方的板柵合金特殊的負極鉛膏配方4BS鉛膏技術1.2密封性能可靠，不漏液，密封反應效率達99%以上專利的極柱密封結構迷宮式專利安全閥高精度ABS熱封技術1.3出廠容量達到標稱容量的100%以上；儲存90天（25°C）電池的保有容量在94%以上1.4低浮充電壓設計，浮充電壓極均勻1.5卓越的大電流放電性能極低的電池內阻專利的板柵結構設計大銅芯結構1.6獨特的鍍銀專利橡膠軟連接確保極柱與連接條的良好接觸，連接電阻極低柔性與剛性結合，連接更方便預留監(jiān)測端線連接條外套絕緣橡膠，安全可靠1.7安裝靈活方便，整體美觀防震模塊化組裝滿足客戶的個性化安裝需求，可提供八級防震要求，安全可靠流線型亞光的電池外觀造型主要應用領域-通信交換及傳輸系統(tǒng)—移動通信系統(tǒng)—發(fā)電廠及輸變電系統(tǒng)-航標信號系統(tǒng)—太陽能系統(tǒng)—無線電及廣播臺站—緊急照明系統(tǒng)型號的組成及其代表意義GFM XXXX 10小時率額定容量 密封 閥控式 固定型產品結構安全閥圖1-1產品結構圖

產品型號及外形尺寸表1一1電池型號額定電壓（V）額定容量（Ah）外形尺寸（mm）重量(kg)C10C3C1長寬高總高GFM-100210075551011632002077.5GFM-200220015011010518335937115.5GFM-300230022516514618335937122.0GFM-400240030022018618335937128.5GFM-500250037527522718335937135.0GFM-600260045033026818335937142.5GFM-800280060044016922960061260.0GFM-10002100075055020422960061273.0GFM-1500215001125825291229600612107.0GFM-20002200015001100382233602614144.0工作原理鉛酸蓄電池在充放電過程中的化學反應如下:Pb+PbO2+2H2SO4.充電*2PbSO4+2H2O普通鉛酸蓄電池充電過程中伴隨著副反應①:2H22H2O*2H2t+O2t該反應使電池中水分逐漸損失，需不斷補充純水才能保持正常使用。LSA系列電池采用貧液設計，選用AGM隔板（超細玻璃纖維隔板），在正負極之間預留氣體通道，同時選用特殊合金鑄造板柵提高負極的析氫過電位，以抑制氫氣的析出。而正極產生的氧氣順著通道擴散到負極，使氧氣重新復合成水，反應如②、③式：2Pb+O2——?2PbO ②PbO+H2SO4——?PbSO4+H2O ③從而使電池起到密封的效果。

第二章技術特性放電特性曲線及放電數(shù)據(jù)下圖是LSA系列各型號的電池在環(huán)境25°C時，不同放電倍率下的放電特性曲線，表2-1是恒電流放電數(shù)據(jù)表，用戶可以參照此表進行電池選型。-'i—-0L>-'i—-0L>LJIC.JI電壓(V)1.7..0.01時間(h)圖2-1放電特性曲線充電特性曲線下圖是GFM-500電池100%放電后，用0.1C1(A電流，限壓2.35V/只(25C)充電的特性曲線，完全放電的蓄電池充電24小時后，充入電量可達120%以上。605040充電30電流20(A)102.42.3-充2.2-電-電2.1-壓-(V)2.0充入電量圖2-2充電特性曲線表2—1恒電流放電數(shù)據(jù)表（25°C）GFM1005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V320.0288.0217.8180.6152.6130.8104.486.974.866.048.438.928.522.919.416.714.91.65V260.0232.0196.0165.0140.6123.0100.082.070.862.646.638.027.822.318.916.514.61.70V217.4202.4170.6147.8128.8115.092.077.567.459.844.836.627.022.018.716.314.41.75V197.6182.8156.6136.0120.4108.087.474.064.457.043.235.326.221.418.216.014.21.80V176.0163.0139.4123.2110.098.080.068.660.053.440.733.825.420.717.815.613.91.83V155.2146.6126.8111.099.289.875.463.856.450.038.632.324.620.217.415.313.61.85V150.4141.6121.4106.595.686.972.761.731.324.120.01.88V145.6136.6116.0102.092.084.070.059.752.046.436.630.423.619.817.014.913.31.90V132.0125.8106.293.083.274.461.254.047.342.834.328.622.619.116.514.512.91.94V117.2110.292.680.070.663.854.346.741.638.030.826.420.917.815.313.412.1GFM2005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V640.0576.0435.6361.2305.2261.6208.8173.8149.6132.096.877.857.145.838.733.429.1.65V520.0464.0392.0330.0281.2246.0200.0164.0141.6125.293.276.055.744.637.833.029.21.70V434.8404.8341.2295.6257.6230.0184.0155.0134.8119.689.637.432.528.81.75V395.2365.6313.2272.0240.8216.0174.8148.0128.8114.086.470.652.442.836.432.028.31.80V352.0326.0278.8246.4220.0196.0160.0137.2120.0106.881.467.650.841.435.63V310.4293.2253.6222.0198.4179.6150.8127.6112.8100.077.264.649.240.534.730.627.21.85V300.8283.2242.8213.0191.2173.8145.4123.5108.496.475.262.748.240.034.48V291.2273.2232.0204.0184.0168.0140.0119.3104.092.873.260.847.239.634.029.826.61.90V264.0251.6212.4186.0166.4148.8122.4108.094.685.668.51.94V234.4220.4185.2160.0141.2127.6108.793.583.276.061.752.841.835.630.626.824.2GFM3005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V960.0864.0653.4541.8457.8392.4313.2260.7224.4198.0145.2116.785.668.7

1.65V780.0696.0588.0495.0421.8369.0300.0246.0212.4187.8139.8114.083.566.956.649.443.81.70V652.2607.2511.8443.4386.4345.0276.0232.5202.2179.4134.4109.881.166.056.248.843.11.75V592.8548.4469.8408.0361.2324.0262.2222.0193.2171.0129.6106.078.664.254.648.042.51.80V528.0489.0418.2369.6330.0294.0240.0205.8180.0160.2122.1101.476.262.053.346.841.81.83V465.6439.8380.4333.0297.6269.4226.2191.4169.3150.0115.896.873.760.752.146.040.91.85V451.2424.8364.2319.5286.8260.7218.1185.2162.6144.6112.894.072.360.151.545.340.1.88V436.8409.8348.0306.0276.0252.0210.0179.0156.0139.2109.891.270.859.451.044.740.(1.90V396.0377.4318.6279.0249.6223.2183.6162.0141.8128.4102.885.867.857.349.643.638.81.94V351.6330.6277.8240.0211.8191.4163.0140.2124.8114.092.579.262.853.546.040.236.2GFM4005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V1280.01152.0871.2722.4610.4523.2417.6347.6299.2264.0193.6155.6114.191.677.466.859.1.65V1040.0928.0784.0660.0562.4492.0400.0328.0283.2250.4186.4152.0111.489.275.565.958.1.70V869.6809.6682.4591.2515.2460.0368.0310.0269.6239.2179.2146.4108.288.074.95V790.4731.2626.4544.0481.6432.0349.6296.0257.6228.0172.8141.3104.885.672.864.056.1.80V704.0652.0557.6492.8440.0392.0320.0274.4240.0213.6162.8135.2101.682.771.162.455.1.83V620.8586.4507.2444.0396.8359.2301.6255.2225.7200.0154.4129.198.381.069.461.354.51.85V601.6566.4485.6426.0382.4374.6290.8246.9216.8192.8150.4125.496.480.168.760.453.91.88V582.4546.4464.0408.0368.0336.0280.0238.6208.0185.6146.4121.694.479.268.059.553.31.90V528.0503.2424.8372.0332.8297.6244.8216.0189.1171.2137.1114.490.476.466.24V468.8440.8370.4320.0282.4255.2217.4187.0166.4152.0123.4105.683.771.361.353.648.3GFM5005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V1600.01440.01089.0903.0763.0654.0522.0434.5374.0330.0242.0194.5142.7114.596.883.574.31.65V1300.01160.0980.0825.0703.0615.0500.0410.0354.0313.0233.0190.0139.2111.594.482.473.01.70V1087.01012.0853.0739.0644.0575.0460.0387.5337.0299.0224.0183.0135.2110.093.681.371.91.75V988.0914.0783.0680.0602.0540.0437.0370.0322.0285.0216.0176.6131.0107.091.080.070.81.80V880.0815.0697.0616.0550.0490.0400.0343.0300.0267.0203.5169.0127.0103.488.978.069.6

1.83V776.0733.0634.0555.0496.0449.0377.0319.0282.1250.0193.0161.4122.9101.286.876.668.11.85V752.0708.0607.0532.5478.0434.5363.5308.7271.1241.0188.0156.7120.5100.185.975.567.31.88V728.0683.0580.0510.0460.0420.0350.0298.3260.0232.0183.0152.0118.099.085.074.466.61.90V660.0629.0531.0465.0416.0372.0306.0270.0236.4214.0171.3143.0113.095.582.772.764.61.94V586.0551.0463.0400.0353.0319.0271.7233.7208.0190.0154.2132.0104.689.176.667.060.GFM6005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V1920.01728.01306.81083.6915.6784.8626.4521.4448.8396.0290.4233.4171.2137.4116.2100.289.11.65V1560.01392.01176.0990.0843.6738.0600.0492.0424.8375.6279.6228.0167.0133.8113.398.987.61.70V1304.41214.41023.6886.8772.8690.0552.0465.0404.4358.8268.8219.6162.2132.0112.397.686.31.75V1185.61096.8939.6816.0722.4648.0524.4444.0386.4342.0259.2211.9157.2128.4109.296.085.(1.80V1056.0978.0836.4739.2660.0588.0480.0411.6360.0320.4244.2202.8152.4124.1106.793.683.51.83V931.2879.6760.8666.0595.2538.8452.4382.8338.5300.0231.6193.7147.5121.4104.291.981.71.85V902.4849.6728.4639.0573.6521.4436.2370.4325.3289.2225.6188.0144.5120.1103.190.680.81.88V873.6819.6696.0612.0552.0504.0420.0358.0312.0278.4219.6182.4141.6118.8102.089.379.91.90V792.0754.8637.2558.0499.2446.4367.2324.0283.7256.8205.6171.6135.6114.699.287.277.51.94V703.2661.2555.6480.0423.6382.8326.0280.4249.6228.0185.0158.4125.5106.991.980.472.5GFM8005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V2560.02304.01742.41444.81220.81046.4835.2695.2598.4528.0387.2311.2228.3183.2154.9133.6118.1.65V2080.01856.01568.01320.01124.8984.0800.0656.0566.4500.8372.8304.0222.7178.4151.0131.8116.1.70V1739.21619.21364.81182.41030.4920.0736.0620.0539.2478.4358.4292.8216.3176.0149.8130.1115.1.75V1580.81462.41252.81088.0963.2864.0699.2592.0515.2456.0345.6282.6209.6171.2145.6128.0113.1.80V1408.01304.01115.2985.6880.0784.0640.0548.8480.0427.2325.6270.4203.2165.4142.2124.8111.1.83V1241.61172.81014.4888.0793.6718.4603.2510.4451.4400.0308.8258.2196.6161.9138.9122.6109.1.85V1203.21132.8971.2852.0764.8695.2581.6493.8433.7385.6300.8250.7192.7160.2137.4120.8107.1.88V1164.81092.8928.0816.0736.0672.0560.0477.3416.0371.2292.8243.2188.8158.4136.0119.1106.1.90V1056.01006.4849.6744.0665.6595.2489.6432.0378.2342.4274.1228.8180.8152.8132.3116.3103.

1.94V937.6881.6740.8640.0564.8510.4434.7373.9332.8304.0246.7211.2167.4142.6122.6107.296.6GFM10005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V3200.02880.02178.01806.01526.01308.01044.0869.0748.0660.0484.0389.0285.3229.0193.6167.0148.1.65V2600.02320.01960.01650.01406.01230.01000.0820.0708.0626.0466.0380.0278.4223.0188.8164.8146.1.70V2174.02024.01706.01478.01288.01150.0920.0775.0674.0598.0448.0366.0270.4220.0187.2162.7143.1.75V1976.01828.01566.01360.01204.01080.0874.0740.0644.0570.0432.0353.2262.0214.0182.0160.0141.1.80V1760.01630.01394.01232.01100.0980.0800.0686.0600.0534.0407.0338.0254.0206.8177.8156.0139.1.83V1552.01466.01268.01110.0992.0898.0754.0638.0564.2500.0386.0322.8245.8202.4173.6153.2136.1.85V1504.01416.01214.01065.0956.0869.0727.0617.3542.1482.0376.0313.4240.9200.2171.8151.0134.1.88V1456.01366.01160.01020.0920.0840.0700.0596.6520.0464.0366.0304.0236.0198.0170.0148.8133.1.90V1320.01258.01062.0930.0832.0744.0612.0540.0472.8428.0342.7286.0226.0191.0165.4145.3129.1.94V1172.01102.0926.0800.0706.0638.0543.4467.4416.0380.0308.4264.0209.2178.2153.2134.0120.GFM15005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V4800.04320.03267.02709.02289.01962.01566.01303.51122.0990.0726.0583.5428.0343.5290.4250.5222.1.65V3900.03480.02940.02475.02109.01845.01500.01230.01062.0939.0699.0570.0417.6334.5283.2247.2219.1.70V3261.03036.02559.02217.01932.01725.01380.01162.51011.0897.0672.0549.0405.6330.0280.8244.0215.1.75V2964.02742.02349.02040.01806.01620.01311.01110.0966.0855.0648.0529.8393.0321.0273.0240.0212.1.80V2640.02445.02091.01848.01650.01470.01200.01029.0900.0801.0610.5507.0381.0310.1266.7234.0208.1.83V2328.02199.01902.01665.01488.01347.01131.0957.0846.3750.0579.0484.2368.7303.6260.4229.8204.1.85V2256.02124.01821.01597.51434.01303.51090.5926.0813.2723.0564.0470.1361.4300.3257.7226.5202.1.88V2184.02049.01740.01530.01380.01260.01050.0894.9780.0696.0549.0456.0354.0297.0255.0223.3199.1.90V1980.01887.01593.01395.01248.01116.0918.0810.0709.2642.0514.0429.0339.0286.5248.1218.0193.1.94V1758.01653.01389.01200.01059.0957.0815.1701.1624.0570.0462.6396.0313.8267.3229.8201.0181.GFM20005S1min5min10min15min20min30min40min50min1Hour90min2Hour3Hour4Hour5Hour6Hour7Hou1.60V6400.05760.04356.03612.03052.02616.02088.01738.01496.01320.0968.0778.0570.7458.0387.2334.0297.1.65V5200.04640.03920.03300.02812.02460.02000.01640.01416.01252.0932.0760.0556.8446.0377.6329.6292.

1.70V4348.04048.03412.02956.02576.02300.01840.01550.01348.01196.0896.0732.0540.8440.0374.4325.3287.1.75V3952.03656.03132.02720.02408.02160.01748.01480.01288.01140.0864.0706.4524.0428.0364.0320.0283.1.80V3520.03260.02788.02464.02200.01960.01600.01372.01200.01068.0814.0676.0508.0413.5355.6312.0278.1.83V3104.02932.02536.02220.01984.01796.01508.01276.01128.41000.0772.0645.6491.6404.8347.2306.4272.1.85V3008.02832.02428.02130.01912.01738.01454.01234.61084.2964.0752.0626.8481.8400.4343.6302.0269.1.88V2912.02732.02320.02040.01840.01680.01400.01193.21040.0928.0732.0608.0472.0396.0340.0297.7266.1.90V2640.02516.02124.01860.01664.01488.01224.01080.0945.6856.0685.3572.0452.0382.0330.8290.7258.1.94V2344.02204.01852.01600.01412.01276.01086.8934.8832.0760.0616.8528.0418.4356.4306.4268.0241.電池選型選用南都LSA系列電池，可參考圖2-3單體選型曲線選擇電池的容量。1） 首先確定放電終止電壓，例如單體電池終止電壓為1.80V。2） 其次確定電池組連續(xù)工作時間及放電電流。如電池組供電時要求125A的恒流輸出，且連續(xù)工作3小時，則根據(jù)圖2-3對應的曲線，最小容量規(guī)格為GFM-500O3） 最后確定工作時的環(huán)境溫度。室溫25°C下，則選擇GFM-500電池，否則要根據(jù)圖3-1確定溫度系數(shù)，如果在0C下，只有25C下80%的容量，所以還要除以0.8的系數(shù)。放電時間圖2-3選型曲線（終止電壓1.80V,25C）內阻和短路電流電池內阻是一個動態(tài)非線性參數(shù)，隨電池溫度、放電狀態(tài)變化而變化，LSA系列電池的內阻在充足電狀態(tài)下處于最低值。表 2-1給出的電阻值是根據(jù)DL/T637-1997電力標準在滿充狀態(tài)下測得的數(shù)據(jù)以及短路電流。注意電池短路將引起

電池電壓降為0V,并引起電池內部元件的損傷。表2-2內阻和短路電流（25°C）電池型號內阻（mQ）短路電流（A）GFM-1001.201691GFM-2000.673115GFM-3000.474285GFM-4000.355828GFM-5000.336070GFM-6000.287250GFM-8000.229153GFM-10000.1910804GFM-15000.1513237GFM-20000.1217391第三章電池的使用與維護參數(shù)設置LSA系列電池在-15°C?45°C的環(huán)境中，推薦適用溫度為15°C?25°C。在較高和較低溫度下使用，都會降低電池壽命。下表是以48V系統(tǒng)為例，開關電源參數(shù)的參考設置值。表3-1建議開關電源參數(shù)設置表參數(shù)名稱設置要求浮充電壓53.5V均充電壓56.4V充電限流0.1C10A高壓告警值57.6V低壓告警值46V浮充電壓溫度補償系數(shù)-3mV/C只均充電壓溫度補償系數(shù)-5mV/C只高溫告警35C脫離電壓44V復位電壓49V均充周期90天周期均充時間15h復電均充起始條件放出20%以上容量浮充轉均充條件大于50mA/Ah停電后均充時間24h退出均充條件小于5mA/Ah繼續(xù)均充時間3h充電容量倍數(shù)不小于1.2倍?上表中的浮充、均充電壓數(shù)據(jù)是在25C環(huán)境溫度下的參數(shù)設定值，其它溫度下的參數(shù)按表3-2和3-3進行修正。?限流值指開關電源的輸出電流減去通信設備所需電流值。電池的容量2.1電池容量的概念電池在一定放電條件下所能給出的電量稱為電池的容量，以符號C表示。常用的單位為安培小時，簡稱安時(Ah)。通常在C的下角處標明放電時率，如C1。表明10小時率的放電容量；C3表明3小時率的放電容量。電池的容量分為額定容量和實際容量。LSA系列電池的額定容量見表1-1。實際容量是指電池在一定放電條件下所能輸出的電量。它等于放電電流與放電時間的乘積，單位為Ah。2.2影響實際容量的因數(shù)電池的實際容量主要與電池正、負極活性物質的數(shù)量及利用率有關?；钚晕镔|利用率主要受放電制度、電極的結構、制造工藝的影響。使用過程中影響實際容量的是放電率、放電制度、終止電壓和溫度。2.3放電率放電率常用時率和倍率表示。圖2-1為不同放電倍率的放電曲線。從圖中可以看出：電池放電倍率越高，放電電流越大，放電時間就越短，放出的相應容量越少。2.4終止電壓終止電壓指電池放電時電壓下降到不宜再放電時的最低工作電壓。LSA系列電池10小時率的終止電壓為1.80V/只。由于鉛酸蓄電池本身的特性，即使放電的終止電壓繼續(xù)降低，電池也不會放出太多的容量，但終止電壓過低對電池的損傷極大，尤其當放電達到0V而又不能及時充電時，將大大縮短電池的壽命。電池使用溫度3.1容量與溫度的關系溫度影響電池的容量，圖3-1為LSA電池放出容量(10小時率，終止電壓1.80V)與溫度的關系曲線。溫度降低，電池容量將減少，例如溫度從25°C降低到0C，容量將下降到額定容量的90%左右，同時溫度過低，使電池長期充電不足，造成負極硫酸鹽化，最終導致電池放不出電。

隨著環(huán)境溫度的升高，電池容量在一定范圍內會增加，例如溫度從25°C升高到35^,容量將上升到額定容量的105%左右，但溫度如繼續(xù)上升，容量的增加很緩慢，最終將不會繼續(xù)增加。環(huán)境溫度的升高，也將加速電池板柵的腐蝕和電池水分的損失，從而大大縮短電池的壽命。110100ooO98?有效容重宓.ooO98?有效容重宓.50403020 /Z/ /Z//////環(huán)境溫度（〔）圖3-1容量與溫度關系曲線3.2浮充電壓與溫度的關系選擇特定的浮充電壓是為了使電池在最好的狀態(tài)下運行。如果浮充電壓過高，電池的浮充電流隨之增大，加快板柵腐蝕速度，降低電池使用壽命；浮充電壓過低，電池不能維持充足電狀態(tài)，引起硫酸鹽化，容量減少，也會降低電池的使用壽命。在25C下，南都電池的單體浮充電壓為2.23V，溫度補償系數(shù)為-3mV/C只。

表3-2不同溫度溫度下浮充電壓設置表環(huán)境溫度（C）浮充電壓（V/只）152.296~102.2811152.2616~202.2521252.2326~302.2231352.2036~402.193.3均充電壓與溫度的關系閥控式鉛酸電池需要定期進行均衡充電，以保證電池正常運行，在25°C下，南都電池單體的均充電壓為2.35V。同樣，均充電壓需要隨環(huán)境溫度進行調整，電池均充電壓的溫度補償系數(shù)為-5mV/C只。表3-3不同環(huán)境溫度下均充電壓設置表環(huán)境溫度（C）均充電壓（V/只）1?52.456?102.4311?152.4016?202.3821?252.3526?302.3331?352.3036?402.28

80 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40室溫（°C）80 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40室溫（°C）0864.3.2.2.22222.4.4.4.4.3.3.3.322222222{壓電45圖3-2浮充、均充電壓一溫度曲線3.4壽命與溫度的關系溫度升高會損壞電池，降低電池的使用壽命，當環(huán)境溫度超過25°C時，溫度每升高10C，電池使用壽命將減少一半，例如電池設計壽命在25C為10年，在35C下長期運行，壽命只有5年。有如下公式：L25=LTX2（T-25）/10其中：T為電池在實際運行時的環(huán)境溫度；Lt為在環(huán)境溫度為T時，電池的設計壽命；L25為在環(huán)境溫度為25C時，電池的設計壽命應該控制電池使用的環(huán)境溫度，閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池的散熱條件比較差，當熱量積累到一定程度后會損壞電池，嚴重時會引起熱失控。若室內溫度過高則必須適當通風、改善環(huán)境溫度，電池間距不要低于10mm，同時按手冊要求調節(jié)電池的浮充電壓和均充電壓值。充放電要求4.1均衡充電下列情況下需對電池組均衡充電:a電池組中有兩只以上電池電壓低于2.18V；b電池浮充運行超過三個月。均衡充電的方法為恒壓限流法：以不超過0.1C10A的恒電流對電池組充電，到電池平均電壓上升到2.35/只（25°C）,然后改用2.35V/只恒壓充電，均衡充電時間為15小時。4.2電池充電下列情況下需對電池組充電，充電方法同均衡充電。a電池放電后b電池系統(tǒng)安裝完畢c電池儲存時間超出三個月或者開路電壓低于2.10V/單體如電池組需盡快充足電，可采用限流值W0.15C10A，充電電壓為2.35V/只（25C）的快速充電法。用上述方法進行充電，可以用以下兩條中的任一條作為充足電的依據(jù)：a按照下表設置充電時間表3-4放電深度與充足電時間的關系放電深度（%）恒流充電電流（A）恒壓充電電壓（V/只）充足電時間（h）200.1C102.35V100.15C108500.1C102.35180.15C1015800.1C102.35200.15C10161000.1C102.35240.15C1020b恒電壓充電階段，連續(xù)三小時電流值基本不變。電池儲存鉛酸蓄電池在開路狀態(tài)下會自放電，導致電池的開路電壓降低，容量減少。LSA系列電池在儲存時應注意以下幾點：a自放電率與電池的儲存溫度有關，溫度低則自放電程度小，溫度高則自放電程度大。LSA系列電池存放環(huán)境要求0?35°C，