高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)定語從句教案

輔導(dǎo)教案usedbyJackMa學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)高考定語從句的用法以及易錯點高考閱讀理解的解題方法教學(xué)內(nèi)容〔定語從句〕【學(xué)問梳理】定語從句講析〔Theattributiveclause)一、關(guān)鍵詞1.定語從句：在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2.先行詞：定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系詞用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞之分，關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;關(guān)系副詞有when，where,why等，關(guān)系詞可以1〕代替先行詞；2〕引導(dǎo)定語從句；3)在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分，如：Thecarwhichmyunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.句中thecar為先行詞；which是關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)是定語從句whichmyunclehadjustbought，同時代替先行詞thecar在定語從句中作主語。二、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞〔relativepronounandrelativeadverb)relativepronounswhich,that,who,whom,whose,asrelativeadverbswhen,where,why三、規(guī)那么：/that:先行詞指物，which/that在從句中作主語或賓語。YesterdayIboughthimthebook(that/which)hewantedforalongtime.Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Thisisthestorythat/whichIwroteforourstorytellingpetition.Allmyclassmatesenjoyedthecakethat/whichImade.以下狀況只用that不用which:1〕先行詞為不定代詞one,none,all,few，little,much,everything,nothing,anything。但假如先行詞是指人的不定代詞，如everyone/everybody,none,someone/somebody,noone/nobody,anyone/anybody,those,all那么必需用who引導(dǎo)定語從句Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Everything(thatyouhavetodoistopracticespeakingEnglisheveryday.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Thosewhowanttoseethemovie,pleasesignuphere.Anyonewhowantstoseethemoviecangetafreeticket2〕先行詞被最高級，序數(shù)詞以及thevery,theonly,thelast修飾，只用thatThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thisistheverypenthatwaslostyesterday.ThisisthelastthingthatIwanttodo.3〕先行詞被不定代詞all，every,any,each,few,little,no,some,等修飾，用thatI'vereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.4〕先行詞既指人又指物，用thatTheytalkedforanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.5〕假如主句有疑問詞who,which，為防止重復(fù)，關(guān)系代詞用thatWhoisthemanthatistalkingwithourteacher?Whichofthebooksthatwereboughtwillbesenttohim?留意：以下狀況用which不用that1〕非限制性定語從句Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.Sheisverypatientwithherchild,whichherhusbandseldomis.Hestudiesverybandatschool,whichmakeshisparentshappy.2〕介詞之后Wevisitedthehouseinwhichheoncelived.Mygrandfatherlosthisglasses,withoutwhichhecan'tseethingsclearly.Doyouknowthemanwho/whom/thattalkedwithmejustnow?I’mgoingtoseeafriendwhohasjustebackfromtheUK.Thegirlwholivesnextdoortomeisthetallestinmyclass.shewastheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishLiterature.Idon'tknowtheteacherwho/whomIsawintheputerroomtheotherday.Thestudentwho/whomwemetattheschoolgateisfromAmerica.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest留意：介詞之后只能用whom例如：HeisthemanwithwhomIshookhandsatthemeetingse指人指物都可以。在從句中作主語或賓語的定語。指物時，經(jīng)?？梢杂胦fwhich代替Pleaseshowmetheboywhosefatherdiedintheaccident.Thehousewhosedoorfacessouthismine.=Thehousethedoorofwhichfacessouthismine.=Thehouseofwhichthedoorfacessouthismine.IsatnexttoagirlwhosenameisDiana.TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.Sheisthegirlwhosephotoswearelookingat.4.as特點：①經(jīng)常引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，賓語或表語。②它的先行詞是整個句子。as從句可以放先行詞前面或后面，經(jīng)常翻譯成“正知.….〞、“就象.……一樣〞Asisknowntousall,you'vegottwoprizesinthismilitarytraining.Asisknowntousall,sheisagoodstudent.=Asweallknow,sheisagoodstudent.=Sheisagoodstudent,asweallknow,asisknowntousallAsisnatural,hefoldmethetruth.=Hetoldmethetruth,as/whichisnatural.Asweexpected,ourteambeatalltheotherteamsinthisfootballgame.留意點：①先行詞被thesame或者被such修飾，用as引導(dǎo)定語從句，這種狀況，as引導(dǎo)限制性定語Ihavethesamebooksasyoureadtheotherday.Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.②ThisisthesamepenasIlostafewdaysago.比擬:ThisisthesamepenthatIlostafewdaysago.sucha/an+adj+that....;so+adj.+a/an+n.….as和such...that...=so+adj+a/an+n...that..的區(qū)分Ourteachergaveussuchadifficultquestionasnoneofuscananswer.Ourteachergaveussuchadifficultquestionthatnoneofuscananswerit.四、relativeadverbswhen,where,why在定語從句中，分別作時間、地點和緣由狀語。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.Doyoustillrememberthefarmwherewestayedforsometimein1992?ThatisthereasonwhyIdidn'tgotothetheatrelastnight留意：①關(guān)系副詞都可以用介詞+which替代。②定語從句中，缺少主語、賓語或表語，即使先行詞表示時間、地點和緣由，仍舊必需用關(guān)系代詞which或that。Istillrememberthedays(which/that)Ispentonthefarm.比擬Istillrememberthedayswhen/inwhichIworkedwiththefarmersThisisthefactory(which/that)theforeignersvisitedlastyear.比擬:Thisisthefactorywhere/inwhichtheforeignersonceworked.Thisisthereason(which/that)hegavemeforhisabsence.比擬:Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsent.③關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與先行詞保持全都。I,whoamyourteacher,willhelpyouwithyourEnglish.You,whoareaLeaguemember,shouldtaketheleadineverything.④oneofthe+名詞復(fù)數(shù)；定語從句中謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Heisoneofthestudentswholikeplayingfootballinyourclass.theway(that/inwhich)...…Thisistheway(that/inwhich)Iworkedouttheproblem.Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)youspeaktome.、⑤以下名詞后用whereI’veetothepointwhereIcan'tstandhim.Thecountryisinasituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.Let'sthinkofasituationwherethisidiomcanbeused.Haveyoueverhadsuchacasewhereyouareblamedfornoreasons?【例題精講】1.Thereason____Ican’teisthatIhavetopreparefortheingexam.2.Shestudiedhardatschoolwhenshewasyoung,____contributestohersuccessinhercareer.3.Aninvestigationwasmadeintotheaccident,________fiftypeoplewerekilled.4.I’vegotabottleofbeer,butlhaven'tgotanything______Icanopenitwith.5.Writerscanaccuratelydescribeobjects_____haveneverseen.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1.Itwasn’tsuchagoodpresent____hehadpromisedme2.Perhapsthedaywille__________peoplewillbeabletobreathecleanairincities.3.Evidencecameup______surprisedeverybodyonthescene.4.Theperson______youweretalkingtowasanAmerican.5.Einsteinwasoneofthegreatestmen______everlived.依據(jù)句意及所給提示拼寫單詞。1.Thiskindofexerciseismostc______andthereforeitisagoodtestofyourstudents’ability.2.Ata_________,theheadmasterwilltellusaboutthesportsmeetingnextFriday.3.Ishallstudyl_________inauniversityasIwanttobeawriterinthefuture.4.Whatwearedoingtodayismorethan_______(捐贈〕somemoney.5.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer______thepapersarekept.6.Hemadeanotherdiscoveryof________greatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.whichIthinkis7.Manymarriedwomanmanagetogoouttoworkand_____ahomeaswell.A.madeB.doC.getD.run8.Thatisoneofthemostinterestingquestions_________asked.A.thatwereB.thathavebeenC.whichwasD.thatwas9.Johnisanmanofmuch______andhehadalotofinteresting________inhislife.A.experience;experiences B.experiences;experienceC.experience;experience D.experiences;experiences10.Ihavemanybooks,someof_____areonchemistry.A.themB.thatC.whichD.those根底夯實1.havenoexperienceindoing..…沒有….的閱歷2.attendassembly/ameeting參與集會、會議3.earnrespectfrom..…新得.….的敬重4.devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于，專注于5.achievehighgrades取得好的成果，高分6.onaverage平均7.abitchallenging有些挑戰(zhàn)性8.befondof寵愛，寵愛9.lookbackon回憶10.withsatisfaction滿足地11.introduce..…to…向…介紹…12.(much〕morethan…不僅僅13.〔be〕available〔or.…〕可利用的15.developaninterestindong.…增養(yǎng)..〔方面〕的愛好16.referto.….意指17.leaveout..….省略18.inform.…of../that.…遍知…、告知…19.makepreparationsfor…為.…做些預(yù)備二、回憶一下什么是定語從句？關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法分別是什么？(2020·全國卷Ⅰ63)Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot____________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ，61)InancientChinalivedanartist_________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.(2019·全國Ⅱ62)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019Ⅲ)(2018·全國卷Ⅰ66)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__________showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2018·全國Ⅱ69)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoiltestingprogramgivesspecificfertilizerremendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.(2018·北京，5)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.(2018·天津，2)Kate,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.(2018·江蘇，23)Selfdriving

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startingline.(2018·浙江，57)ManywesternersetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ，70)Likeanything，itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，________isnotgoodforthehealth.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ，44)HerfatherPeter,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull－time.ButSarah，________hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017·北京，31)Thelittleproblems_________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions。(2017·天津，9)Myeldestson___________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNYatthemoment.(2017·江蘇，28)In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof__________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(2017·浙江，31)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot

sweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,

64itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生長)throughit.(2016·全國Ⅰ，65)MyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid－1980s,________IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter.(2016·全國Ⅱ，閱讀A)Simonisaedianandactor________has10years’experienceofteachingedy.(2016·全國Ⅱ，閱讀D)FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages,mostof___________haveneverbeforebeenpublished.(2016·全國Ⅲ，47)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，__________livedfromroughly551to479B．C,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.(2016·全國Ⅲ，完形)WhenIwas13,myonlypurposewastobeethestaronourfootballteam.ThatmeantbeatingoutMillerKing,________wasthebestplayeratourschool.(2016·北京，22)Ilivenextdoortoacouple_________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.(2016·四川，閱讀C)Iprefertoworkinblackandwhite,__________allowsmetoshowdifferentspecificworldsmoreclearly.(2016·四川，閱讀D)Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk〞containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),___________hasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.(2016·江蘇，23)Manyyoungpeople,mostof___________werewell－educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2016·浙江，11)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof________hasbeenproved.(2015·全國卷Ⅰ，64)I’dskippednearbyGuilin，adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver________arepicturedbyartists...Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon_________schooleducationdepends.[15安徽]ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,_________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.[15福建]Thenumberofsmokers,_______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.[15江蘇]Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime__________heshouldbeabletobeindependent.[15陜西]Thebossofthepanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere_________hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.[15天津].Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof_________werepublishedinthe1990s.[15重慶]Thebooksonthedesk,__________coversareshiny,areprizesforus.[15四川]OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,____________youcanhearsomelovelymusic[15.北京]Creatinganatmosphere______________employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.[15浙江].Itisatrulydelightfulplace,____________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.[15湖南]1.where2whose20191.which2.who/that20183.which/that4.which/that5.which6.whose7.where8.who/that20179.which10.who11.that/which12.whose13.whose14.where201615.when16.who/that17.which18.who19.who20．whose21．which22.Which23．what→which/that或去掉what24．whom25．which201526.which27.which28.which29.as30.when31.wherewhich33.whose34.where/inwhich35.where36.whichII.【語法填詞】〔2020陜西渭南尚德中學(xué)三上其次次月考〕AccordingtoChinesespeakingpractice,lionisaspecialanimaltoChinesepeople.Apairofstonelions,amale61______afemale,are62______(mon)seeninfrontofthegatesoftraditionalbuilding.Thelion63______(regard)asthekingintheanimalworld,so64______(it)imagesrepresentpowerandprestige.Thestonelionsarealsousedtoindicatetheranksofofficials.ItisinterestingtonotethatChinahadnolionsoriginally.Theearlieststonelionsweresculpted65________thebeginningoftheEasternHanDynastyfromA.D.25to220with66______introductionofBuddhism(佛教)intoancientChina.IntheBuddhistfaith,thelion,67________canprotectthetruthandkeepoffevils,isconsideredadivineanimalofnoblenessanddignity.InChinesefolktales,thelionhasbeeasymbolof68______(brave),powerandgoodluck.Itwasalsopopulartodecoratebridgeswithstonesculptedlionsforthedefendingreason.The69________(well)knownofbridgesistheLugouqiao,70______(build)from1189to1192.閱讀理解WhenitestoThanksgiving,turkeymaybethefirstthingthatestomind.It’stherightpicture,butit’snotplete.CelebratedonthefourthThursdayofNovembereveryyear,Nov28in2013,ThanksgivingDayisatimeforthanksgivingandfeasts(盛宴).It’saboutexpressingyourgratitudetotheimportantpeopleandallthegoodthingsinyourlife.HereweintroduceafewoftheritualstraditionalcustomsAmericanstypicallyfollowonthisday.PART1:FamilyreunionsandshowinggratitudeLikeChina’sSpringFestival,preparingabigmealandbringingthefamilytogetherathomeisalongstandingtraditionofThanksgiving.Distancesdon’treallymatterasrelativesreturnhometobewiththeirfamily,nomatterhowfaraway.Undoubtedly,turkeyisthemaincourseofThanksgivingdinner.ThoughthereisnoevidencetoprovethatturkeywaseatenduringthefirstThanksgivingdinner,mostagreethatthedinnerwouldbeinpletewithoutit.AsurveyconductedbytheUS’NationalTurkeyFederationin2012showsthat91percentofAmericanseatturkeyandmorethan306millionkilogramsofturkeyareeatenonThanksgivingDay.Otherdishestypicallyfoundondinnertablesinalmosteveryhousearepumpkinpies,corn,fallvegetables,olives,cranberrysauce,stuffingandmashedpotatoes.Atthemeal,manyfamiliesfollowtheusual.customoftakingturnstoexpresswhateachmemberisthankfulfor.PART2: WhilefeastsmakeThanksgivingafestivalforeachfamilies,parades()makeitacarnival(狂歡節(jié))forthewholenation.VariousparadesareheldinmanycitiestohonorThanksgiving.OneofthelargestisNewYork’sThanksgivingDayParade,whichisnowcalledMacy’sThanksgivingDayParade.Startedin1924,morethan2millionpeopleattendtheparadeeveryyear. Importantfeatures(特點)oftheparadearethemedfloats,scenesfromBroadwayplays,largeballoonsofcartooncharactersandTVpersonalities,andhighschoolma