2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)四川大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)四川大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.翻譯題InGermany,incontrastwithFrance,friendshipismuchmoreclearlyamatteroffeeling,Adolescents,boysandgirls,fromdeeplysentimentalattachments,walkandtalktogether-notsomuchtopolishtheirwitsastosharetheirhopesandfearsanddreamstoformacommonfrontagainsttheworldofschoolandfamilyandtojoininakindofmutualdiscoveryofeachother'sandtheirowninnerlife.Withinthefamily,theclosestrelationshipoveralifetimeisbetweenbrothersandsisters.Outsidethefamily,menandwomenfindintheirclosestfriendsofthesamesexthedevotionofasister,theloyaltyofabrother.Appropriately,inGermanyfriendsusuallyarebroughtintothefamily.Childrencalltheirfather'sandtheirmother'sfriends“uncle”and“aunt”.BetweenFrenchfriends,whohavechoseneachotherforthesimilarityoftheirpointofview,livelydisagreementandsharpnessofargumentarethebreathoflife.ButforGermans,whosefriendshipsarebasedoncommonfeelings,deepdisagreementonanysubjectthatmatterstobothisregardedasatragedy.Liketiesofkinship,tiesoffriendshiparemeanttobeabsolutelybinding.YoungGermanswhocometotheUnitedStateshavegreatdifficultyinestablishingsuchfriendshipwithAmericans.Weviewfriendshipmoretentatively,subjecttochangesinintensityaspeoplemove,changetheirjobs,marry,ordiscovernewinterests.2.單選題Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryears—isthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchangingthesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.Ifapainting"stops",time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.Iamthinkingoftheimagewithintheframe,thescenewhichisdepicted.Clearlyifoneconsidersanartist'slife-workorthehistoryofart,oneistreatingpaintingsasbeing,partly,recordsofthepast,evidenceofwhathasbeen.Yetthishistoricalview,whetherusedwithinaMarxistoridealisttradition,haspreventedmostartexpertsfromconsidering—orevennoticing―theproblemofhowtimeexists(ordoesnot)withinpainting.InearlyRenaissanceart,inpaintingsfromnon-Europeancultures,incertainmodemworks,theimageimpliesapassageoftime.Lookingatit,thespectatorseesbefore,duringandafter.TheChinesesagetakesawalkfromonetreetoanother,thecarriagerunsoverthechild,thenudedescendsthestaircase.Andthisofcoursehasbeenanalyzedandcommentedupon.Yettheensuingimageisstillstaticwhilstreferringtothedynamicworldbeyonditsedges,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.Strangebecauseitisbothsoflagrantandsotakenforgranted.Paintersthemselvespractiseapartialanswer,evenifitremainsunformulatedinwords.Whenisapaintingfinished?Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—likethesecondshoeofapair—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.ThelongorshortprocessofpaintingapictureistheprocessofconstructingthefuturemomentswhenitwillbelookedatInreality,despitethepainter'sideal,thesemomentscannotbeentirelydetermined.Theycanneverbeentirelyfilledbythepainting.Neverthelessthepaintingisentirelyaddressedtothesemoments.Whetherthepainterisahackoramastermakesnodifferencetothe"address"ofthepainting.Thedifferenceisinwhatapaintingdelivers;inhowcloselythemomentofitsbeinglookedat,asforeseenbythepainter,correspondstotheinterestsoftheactualmomentsofitsbeinglookedatlaterbyotherpeople,whenthecircumstancessurroundingitsproduction(patronage,fashion,ideology)havechanged.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?2.Whatdoesthepronoun“it”inthelastlineofthe4thparagraphreferto?3.Whenisapaintingfinishedaccordingtotheauthor?4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat().5.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe().問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Aspecificmomentispreservedthetimeapaintingiscreated.B.Thecontentofapaintingremainsstaticthoughitsimplicationmaykeepchanging.C.Apaintingstopstimeinthatitdepictsamomentofthepastandfixesitwithintheframe.D.AMarxistviewtendstoseeapaintingaschangingallthetime.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Theensuingimage.B.Theproblem.C.ThemeaningofthecontrastD.Thecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Whenitrealisticallydepictssomethingintherealworld.B.Whentheartistforeseeshowhispaintingwillbereceivedbythepublic.C.Whenthemomentofitsbeinglookedatcorrespondstotheartist’sexpectationofhowit'sgoingtobelookedat.D.Whentheartistcandeterminethemomentwhenitwillbelookedat.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.imagesinsomeRenaissancepaintingsmayhotnecessarilybestaticB.paintingsbyahackorbyamasterarethesameinthattheyaddressthesamepeopleC.whetherapaintingisstaticordynamicisdeterminednotbythepainterbutbythosewholookatitD.unlikeapainting,aphotographcanpreserveamoment問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.PaintingandTimeB.PaintersandTheirWorksC.TheStaticandtheDynamicD.TheHistoryofPaintingasaFormofArt3.單選題Accordingtothelawwhichhelaterproduced,everythingintheuniverseattractseverythingelsetowards（）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.itB.everythingC.itselfD.each4.單選題_____thewhole,earlyAmericancityplanningwasexcellent.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.InB.FromC.OnD.Above5.單選題Thesupplyofapplesexceedsthe（）thisyear.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.requestB.claimC.requirementD.demand6.單選題Hewill（）resigninviewofthecompletefailureoftheresearchproject.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.doubtfullyB.adequatelyC.presumablyD.reasonably7.單選題Puttinginanewwindowwill（）cuttingawaypartoftheroof.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.includeB.involveC.containD.comprise8.單選題_____,hedoesnotloveher.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.AshelikesherverymuchB.ThoughmuchhelikesherC.MuchalthoughhelikesherD.Muchthoughhelikesher9.單選題I（）thissoup,I（）pepperinit.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.amtasting...amtastingB.amtasting...tasteC.taste...amtastingD.taste...havetasted10.單選題Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen（）inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmencancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.glidingB.cruisingC.pilotingD.patrolling11.單選題Ifithadn’tbeenforthedoctor'scare,I（）speakingtoyounow.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.wouldnotbeB.wouldnothavebeenC.willnotbeD.willnothavebeen12.單選題Wearenotonverygood（）withthepeoplenextdoor.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.friendshipB.relationsC.willD.terms13.單選題Thequalitiesofmyhometown,（）onmeasaboy,hadaprofoundeffectonthephilosophythatdirectedmycareer.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.havingimpressedB.impressedC.impressingD.tobeimpressed14.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.ThereareseveralthingsworthnotingaboutcognitiveneurosciencethatarealsoreflectedintheArticlesinthisspecialissueofScience.Firstistheideathatdistributedbrainnetworksunderliecomplexbehaviors.Intheearlydaysofthefield,mostneuroscientistsfocusedonindividualbrainregionsandtheirresponses.Thesensorydomainwasparticularlycaptivating;onecould,forexample,appropriatelytalkabouthyper-complexcellsinthevisualsystemthatrespondedtocomersortheexistenceofcorticalcolumnsastheorganizingbasisforneuro-sensoryinput.Itisbecomingclear,however,thattheprocessingofinformationthatleadstocomplexbehaviorssuchaslearningandmemoryinvolvesmultiplebrainregionsthatmustoperateinaninteractiveparallel.15.單選題Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationishatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesiesInanarticleonthenewmanners,MrsHolmessaysthataperfectlyablewomannolongerhastoacthelplesslyinpublicasifshewereamodel.Forexample,shedoesn'tneedhelpgettinginandoutofcars.“Womengetinandoutofearstwentytimesadaywithbabiesanddogs.Surelythecangetoutbythemselvesatnightjustaseasily.”Shealsosaysthereisnoreasonwhyamanshouldwalkontheoutsideofawomanonthesidewalk.Historically,themanwalkedontheinsidesohecaughtthegarbagethrownoutofawindow.Todayamanissupposedtowalkontheoutside.Amanshouldwalkwherehewantsto.Soshouldawoman.If,outofloveandrespect,heactuallywantstotaketheblows,heshouldwalkontheinside—becausethat’swhereattackersareallhidingthesedays.Asfarasmannersareconcerned,IsupposeIhavealwaysbeenasupporterofwomen’sliberation.Overtheyears,outofasenseofrespect,Iimagine,Ihaverefusedtotroublewomenwithoutdatedcourtesies.Itisusuallyeasiertofollowrulesofsocialbehaviorthantodependonone'sowntaste.Butrulesmayhesafelybroken,ofcourse,bythoseofuswiththegiftofnaturalgrace.Forexample,whenamanandawomanareledtotheirtableinarestaurantandthewaiterpullsoutachair,thewomanisexpectedtositinthechair.ThatisaccordingtoMs.AnnClark.Ihavealwaysdoneittheotherway,accordingtomylife.Itcameuponlytheothernight.Ifollowedthehostesstothetable,andwhenshepulledthechairoutIsatonit,quitenaturally,sinceithappenedtobethechairIwantedtositin.“Well,”mywifesaid,whenthehostesshadgone,“youdiditagain.”“Didwhat?”Iasked,utterlyconfused.“Tookthechair.”Actually,sinceI’dwalkedthroughtherestaurantaheadofmywife,itwouldhavebeenawkward,Ishouldthink,nottohavetakenthechair.Ihadgottherefirst,afterall.Also,ithasalwaysbeenmycustomtogetinacarfirst,andletthewomangetinbyherself.ThisiscourtesyIinsistonasthestrongersex,outofloveandrespect.Intimeslikethese,theremightbeattackershiddenabout.Itwouldbeunsuitabletoputawomaninacarandthenshutthedooronher,leavingheratthemercyofsomehadfellowwhomightbehidinginthebackseat.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.2.What'stheauthor'sattitudeaboutthewholequestionofmannersandwomen'sliberation?3.Ms.AnnClarkwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.4.Bysaying"youdiditagain"(Para.7),theauthorswifemeansthat______.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheauthorgetsintoacarbeforeawoman?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.itcanbreakrulesofsocialbehaviorsB.inwomen'sliberationmenarealsoliberatedC.womenarebecomingmorecompetentthanbeforeD.menshouldwalkontheoutsideofapavement問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.SeriousB.CriticalC.JokingD.Satirical問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Ms.Holmes'sopinionsonthenewmannersarejustifiedB.theauthorisamanwiththegiftofnaturalgraceC.oneshouldfollowsocialcustominsteadofhisowntasteD.menandwomenareequalinmostofthesocialevents問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.theauthorshouldhaveshownhispolitenessbypullingoutthechairforherB.theauthorshouldnothavesatdownbeforeshedidC.theauthorshouldnothavesatinthechairpulledoutbythewaitressD.theauthorshouldhavewalkedbehindher問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.Heintendstobepolitetothewoman.B.Hedoesthatbyforceofhabit.C.Hewantstoprotectthewomanfromhiddendanger.D.Hethinkswomennowadaysareascapableasmen.16.單選題MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatpowerofthemediumis（）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.grantedB.impliedC.exaggeratedD.remedied17.單選題Thereis（）whatwillhappentothem.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.notellingB.nottellingC.nottotellD.nottobetold18.單選題Itwasnotuntilshereturnedhome（）sherealizedshehadalmostwastedtenofhervaluablehours..問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.andB.whenC.thenD.that19.單選題Hiseighthbookcameoutearlierthisyearandwasa(n)（）bestseller.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual20.單選題Manyinstructorsbelievethataninformal,relaxedclassroomenvironmentis（1）tolearningandinnovation.Itisnotuncommonforstudentstohave（2）andfriendlyrelationshipswiththeirprofessors.The（3）professorisnotnecessarilyapooroneandisstill（4）bystudents.Althoughstudentsmaybeina(n)（5）position,someprofessorstreatthemas（6）.However,nomatterhow（7）professorswouldliketobe,theystillareinapositionof（8）.Professorsmay（9）socialrelationshipswithstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom,butintheclassroomthey（10）theinstructor’srole.Aprofessormayhavecoffeeonedaywithstudents（11

）thenextdayexpectthemto（12）adeadlineforthe（13）ofapaperortobeprepared（14）adiscussionoranexam.Theprofessormaygive（15

）attentionoutsideofclasstoastudentin（16

）ofhelpbutprobablywillnottreathimorherdifferentlywhenit（17

）evaluatingschoolwork.Professorshaveseveralroles（18

）students;theymaybecounselorsandfriendsaswellasteachers.Studentsmust（19

）thatwhenateacher’srolechanges,theymustappropriately（20

）theirbehaviorandattitudes.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.instructiveB.conduciveC.constructiveD.healthy問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.easygoingB.comfortingC.carefreeD.relaxing問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.consultativeB.informalC.easyD.casual問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.despisedB.respectedC.neglectedD.overlooked問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.inferiorB.minorC.lowD.subordinate問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.peersB.colleaguesC.friendsD.equals問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.democraticB.formalC.relaxedD.strict問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.authorityB.expertC.supervisorD.superior問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.buildB.setC.getD.establish問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.sustainB.supportC.maintainD.retain問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)A.butB.henceC.neverthelessD.then問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)A.matchB.fulfillC.meetD.satisfy問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)A.submissionB.presentationC.deliveryD.handing問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)A.forB.withC.againstD.of問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)A.dueB.extraC.sufficientD.supplementary問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)A.questB.needC.searchD.view問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)A.getstoB.comestoC.reachesD.touches問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)A.withregardtoB.inviewofC.inrelationtoD.withreferenceto問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)A.supposeB.suggestC.realizeD.assume問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)A.adoptB.adaptC.adeptD.conform第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】與法國(guó)不同,在德國(guó),友誼更注重感覺(jué)。青少年,男孩和女駭之間,他們有著很深的情感依賴,總是很親密地走在一起,與其說(shuō)是為了彰顯各自的聰明才智,不如說(shuō)是為了分享他們的希望、恐懼和夢(mèng)想,以此來(lái)形成一條對(duì)抗學(xué)校和家庭生活的統(tǒng)一陣線；來(lái)取得來(lái)自他們各自和自己內(nèi)心世界的一些姑且叫共識(shí)的東西。在家庭里,長(zhǎng)至一生且最密切的是兄弟姐妹之間的關(guān)系；在家庭外,人們?cè)谕蚤g最親密的朋友身上發(fā)現(xiàn)如姐妹般的奉獻(xiàn),如兄弟般的忠誠(chéng)。在德國(guó),朋友經(jīng)常被帶進(jìn)家庭,孩子們叫他們父母的朋友“叔叔”和“阿姨”。在法國(guó),人們會(huì)挑選有著相同見(jiàn)解和觀念的人作為朋友,朋友之間會(huì)為了生活的空間和態(tài)度的分歧激烈的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。但對(duì)于友誼建立在雙方共同的感覺(jué)的德國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō),如果在雙方都認(rèn)為重要的問(wèn)題上產(chǎn)生了尖銳的分歧,那就是極大的不幸。就像親屬關(guān)系一樣,友誼的紐帶是絕對(duì)有約束力的。來(lái)到美國(guó)的年輕德國(guó)人很難與美國(guó)人建立這樣的友誼。我們對(duì)友誼的看法更具試探性,隨著人們搬家、換工作、結(jié)婚或發(fā)現(xiàn)新的興趣愛(ài)好,友誼的強(qiáng)度會(huì)發(fā)生變化。

2.【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:C第4題:C第5題:D【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchanging.”選項(xiàng)B一幅畫(huà)的內(nèi)容保持不變,盡管它的含義可能不斷變化,正確。2.根據(jù)上一句“...,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.”這就產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)問(wèn)題：靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)之間的這種奇怪對(duì)比究竟是什么意思。所以正確答案為D。3.根據(jù)第五段的第三句“Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—...—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。4.根據(jù)原文可推斷出選項(xiàng)C正確,一幅畫(huà)是靜態(tài)的還是動(dòng)態(tài)的不是由畫(huà)家決定的,而是由觀看者決定的。5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。選項(xiàng)A,B,C都只是其中的一部分。3.【答案】C【解析】考查反身代詞的用法。反身代詞itself與主語(yǔ)everything形成互指關(guān)系，表示向它自身的方向吸引另一物體。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。句意：根據(jù)他后來(lái)提出的定律，宇宙中的一切事物相互間都彼此吸引。4.【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。onthewhole指大體上、基本上。句意：整體上來(lái)看，早期美國(guó)城市規(guī)劃很優(yōu)秀。5.【答案】D【解析】句意：今年的蘋(píng)果供不應(yīng)求。supply供給對(duì)應(yīng)demand需求。選項(xiàng)D更符合。6.【答案】A【解析】undoubtfully無(wú)疑地,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地；adequately充足地,適當(dāng)?shù)?presumably據(jù)推測(cè)，大概,可能,想來(lái);reasonably合情合理地。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，由于該研究項(xiàng)目徹底失敗,他將辭去職務(wù)。7.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。include包括,包含；involve卷入,涉及；contain容納,牽制；comprise構(gòu)成。句意:安裝一個(gè)新窗戶需要把屋頂?shù)囊徊糠智械?。include一般用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),比如sth.includedin...某物包含于其中,所以選項(xiàng)B更符合句意。8.【答案】D【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句子需倒裝，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；although和though可互換，但although在句中不需要倒裝，所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；though在句中需要倒裝，但選項(xiàng)B語(yǔ)序不當(dāng)，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。9.【答案】B【解析】第一個(gè)taste是動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；第二個(gè)taste是感官動(dòng)詞,用原型。

10.【答案】B【解析】gliding滑翔;cruising乘船巡游,巡航,航行;piloting領(lǐng)航,駕駛;patrolling巡查。句意：衛(wèi)星通信是如此的發(fā)達(dá)以致于即使是商人在大西洋中間航行也可以聯(lián)系到他們公司的人,就好像他正在公司的隔壁一樣。因此，本題選B。11.【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),主句要用wouldhavedone的形式。這里都是表否定意義,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：如何沒(méi)有醫(yī)生的悉心照料,我現(xiàn)在不會(huì)站在這兒和你說(shuō)話。12.【答案】D【解析】on?good/bad?terms?with為固定詞組,意思是“和...關(guān)系很好/不和”。句意：我們和鄰居的關(guān)系不是很好。13.【答案】B【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)。填空處句子為插入語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)需完整，所以要用分詞或者動(dòng)名詞形成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。首先排除選項(xiàng)A和D。impress和me之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用分詞，選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：家鄉(xiāng)的文化特色給童年時(shí)代的我留下了深刻的印象，對(duì)指導(dǎo)我職業(yè)生涯的哲學(xué)思想產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。14.【答案】關(guān)于神經(jīng)科學(xué)某些方面的事情是值得注意的,而這幾個(gè)值得關(guān)注方面在這一期的《科學(xué)》雜志特刊上均有所體現(xiàn)。首先,其中一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)的是遍布的大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)是構(gòu)成人復(fù)雜行為的基礎(chǔ)。在有關(guān)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的早期研究中,大多數(shù)的神經(jīng)科學(xué)家專注于研究單獨(dú)的大腦區(qū)域及其反應(yīng)行為。感官領(lǐng)域尤為引人新奇,例如,你可以適當(dāng)?shù)卣務(wù)撘曈X(jué)系統(tǒng)中的復(fù)雜細(xì)胞,這些細(xì)胞對(duì)大腦溝回和皮層柱的反應(yīng)構(gòu)成了神經(jīng)感覺(jué)輸人的基礎(chǔ)。無(wú)論怎樣,有一點(diǎn)是可以肯定的,例如學(xué)習(xí)和記憶等復(fù)雜行為的信息處理過(guò)程一定是涉及到多個(gè)大腦的區(qū)域并且以交互式平行的方式進(jìn)行運(yùn)作。

15.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:C第4題:C第5題:D【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第一句“Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies．”對(duì)男性來(lái)說(shuō),婦女解放帶來(lái)的一個(gè)好處就是男人不用遵守尊重婦女的舊式禮節(jié)了。由此可知,在婦女解放過(guò)程中,男性也得到了解放,所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。2.從作者的敘述方式看,作者在討論舉止風(fēng)度以及婦女解放問(wèn)題時(shí)帶有調(diào)侃語(yǔ)氣。例如,在第四段的第二句中,作者說(shuō),他拒絕用一些過(guò)時(shí)的禮節(jié)來(lái)麻煩女士(事實(shí)上對(duì)女性表示禮貌恭維談不上是“麻煩”),而且之所以這樣,是出于一種尊敬。又如,在第五段第二句中,作者將自己看作是那些具有“天然風(fēng)度”(naturalgrace)的男士,而所謂“天然”,卻是一切順其自然,不受社會(huì)禮儀規(guī)范所約束。由此可以確定選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“AnnClark”定位到第五段的后半部分,AnnClark認(rèn)為當(dāng)一名男性和一名女性被帶到餐桌子前,服務(wù)員拿出一把椅子,坐在椅子上的應(yīng)該是女性。說(shuō)明AnnClark比較贊同傳統(tǒng)的社會(huì)行為規(guī)則,而作者的做法恰好與其相反,他喜歡順著自己的意愿。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。4.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知,作者坐在那把椅子上的原因是因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)正是他想坐的椅子,而且他是在妻子的前面到達(dá)的,這是作者的一種習(xí)慣。所以作者的妻子認(rèn)為作者不應(yīng)該按照自己的習(xí)慣坐在那把椅子上,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。5.根據(jù)原文最后一段內(nèi)容可知,作者比女性先上車(chē)的原因,首先這是他的一個(gè)習(xí)慣,其次是出于禮貌,愛(ài)和尊重,以及保護(hù)女性的安全避免受到潛在的襲擊。只有選項(xiàng)D不正確。16.【答案】C【解析】granted授予,同意；implied暗示；exaggerated夸張；remedied補(bǔ)救。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認(rèn)為電視受到了不公正的批評(píng),認(rèn)為媒體的力量被夸大了。

17.【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnotelling意為：難以預(yù)料，很難說(shuō)。句意：很那說(shuō)他發(fā)生了什么事。

18.【答案】D【解析】本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,itis/wasnotuntil...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)的是直到她回到家的這個(gè)時(shí)候。句意：直到回到家,她才意識(shí)到她幾乎浪費(fèi)了她寶貴的十個(gè)小時(shí)。19.【答案】B【解析】swift快的，敏捷的，迅速的，立刻的；instant立即的，即時(shí)的；timely及時(shí)的，適時(shí)的；punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的。句意：今年他的第八本書(shū)在今年早些時(shí)候出版了，并迅速成為暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。20.【答案】第1題:第2題:A第3題:D第4題:B第5題:D第6題:D第7題:C第8題:A第9題:D第10題:C第11題:A第12題:C第13題:A第14題:A第15題:B第16題:B第17題:B第18題:C第19題:C第20題:B【解析】（1）instructive有教育性的；conducive有益的；constructive有建設(shè)性的；healthy健康的。Conduciveto有利于,有助于...原文中的意思是：一個(gè)非正式、輕松的課堂環(huán)境有利于學(xué)習(xí)和創(chuàng)新。（2）根據(jù)后面的friendly以及全句的意思可知,填空處的意思應(yīng)該和friendly相近。easygoing隨和的；comforting令人欣慰的；carefree無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的；relaxing放松的。句意：學(xué)生與他們的教授有著隨和和友好的關(guān)系是很常見(jiàn)的。選項(xiàng)A符合原文語(yǔ)境。（3）consultative咨詢的,顧問(wèn)的；informal不拘禮節(jié)的；easy舒適的；casual臨時(shí)的。根據(jù)下文的poor可以推測(cè),選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。句意：臨時(shí)教授不一定是窮教授,仍然受到學(xué)生的尊敬。（4）根據(jù)上文,學(xué)生和教授的關(guān)系很友好,即使是臨時(shí)聘請(qǐng)的教授也會(huì)受到學(xué)生的尊敬。選項(xiàng)B正確。（5）inferior下等的；minor次要的；low卑賤的；subordinate下屬,下級(jí)。學(xué)生和教授應(yīng)該是屬于下屬,下級(jí)的關(guān)系,所以選D。（6）句意：盡管學(xué)生可能處于從屬地位,但有些教授對(duì)他們一視同仁。peers指平輩,同事；colleagues同行,同事；用在這里都不恰當(dāng),選項(xiàng)D正確。（7）democratic民主的；formal正式的,拘謹(jǐn)?shù)模籸elaxed輕松的；strict嚴(yán)肅的。此處與上文相比進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折。上文提到教授和學(xué)生之間關(guān)系友好隨和,然而無(wú)論教授們表現(xiàn)得多么輕松,他們依然處于一個(gè)權(quán)威的地位。（8）authority權(quán)威；expert專家；supervisor監(jiān)督人；superior上級(jí)。根據(jù)原文：無(wú)論教授們表現(xiàn)得多么輕松,他們依然處于一個(gè)權(quán)威的地位。（9）根據(jù)原文可知,這里指建立關(guān)系,set表示建立時(shí)后面通常接up。build和establish都有建立的意思,但是build含義廣泛,可指一切具體或抽象事物的建造或建立。establish側(cè)重于著重穩(wěn)固地建成,可具體指國(guó)家、政府、學(xué)?；蛏痰甑鹊慕?也可指信仰、信用、名譽(yù)、法律、制度、規(guī)則等的建立。原文指建立社會(huì)關(guān)系,所以用establish更合適。（10）sustain維持,支撐；support支持；maintain和retain都有保持的意思,但retain主要是剩余,剩下的意思。所以選項(xiàng)C更符合。（11）根據(jù)原文,前一天教授可能還在和學(xué)生一起喝咖啡,但第二天還是希望學(xué)生能趕在最后期限提交論文。用but表轉(zhuǎn)折,符合原文。（12）meetadeadline為固定搭配,指趕上最后期限。（13）paper在這里指論文,根據(jù)原文,這里應(yīng)該是指趕上最后期限提交論文。（14）prepareforsth.指為某事做準(zhǔn)備。這里指為討論或者考試做準(zhǔn)備。（15）根據(jù)下文,當(dāng)在評(píng)估學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)時(shí)可能不會(huì)對(duì)他或她有所不同,所以這里應(yīng)該是指額外的關(guān)注。due應(yīng)得的；sufficient充分的；supplementary指補(bǔ)充的。句意：教授可能會(huì)在課外給予需要幫助的學(xué)生額外的關(guān)注,但當(dāng)在評(píng)估學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)時(shí)可能不會(huì)對(duì)他或她有所不同。（16）inneedofhelp需要幫助。句意：教授可能會(huì)在課外給予需要幫助的學(xué)生額外的關(guān)注。（17）getsto到達(dá),開(kāi)始；comesto談到,提及到；reaches達(dá)到；touches接觸到。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（18）withregardto關(guān)于,至于；inviewof鑒于,考慮到；inrelationto關(guān)于,涉及；withreferenceto關(guān)于。這里指教授的角色和學(xué)生息息相關(guān)。所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。（19）根據(jù)原文,學(xué)生必須意識(shí)到,當(dāng)教師的角色發(fā)生變化時(shí),他們必須適當(dāng)?shù)馗淖冏约旱男袨楹蛻B(tài)度。（20）adopt采取,接受；adapt適應(yīng)；adept熟練,擅長(zhǎng)；conform確認(rèn),證實(shí)。句意：他們必須適當(dāng)?shù)馗淖冏约旱男袨楹蛻B(tài)度。選項(xiàng)B符合原文第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題This（）girlisMary'scousin.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.prettylittleSwedishB.SwedishlittleprettyC.SwedishprettylittleD.littleprettySwedish2.單選題Thechangingimageofthefamilyontelevisionprovides（）intochangingattitudestowardthefamilyinsociety.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.insightsB.presentationsC.revelationsD.specifications3.單選題Usuallynewspapers（）forpeoplewithintellectualinterests.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.suitB.furnishC.regardD.cater4.單選題Bylaw,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave（）opportunitytochangehismind.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.accurateB.urgentC.excessiveD.adequate5.單選題IthinkthatIcommitteda（）inaskingherbecausesheseemedveryupsetbymyquestion.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.blunderB.revengeC.reproachD.scandal6.寫(xiě)作題Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas”basedonthefollowinggivenoutlineinChinese.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.Outline:1.現(xiàn)在社會(huì)上的假文憑屢見(jiàn)不鮮。2.如何杜絕假文憑現(xiàn)象？7.單選題Amongthemanywaysinwhichpeoplecommunicatethroughspeech,publicspeakinghasprobablyreceivedmorestudyandattractedmoreattentionthananyother.Politicianscampaigningforpublicoffice，salespeoplepresentingproducts,andpreachersdeliveringsermonsalldependuponthisformofpubliccommunication.Evenpeoplewhodonotmakespeakingapartoftheirdailyworkareoftenaskedtomakepublicspeeches:studentsatgraduation,forinstance,ormembersofchurches,clubs,orotherorganizations.Nearlyeveryonespeaksinpublicatsometimeorother,andthosewhoperformthetaskwelloftenbecomeleaders.Therearemanyreasonsforspeakinginpublic.Apublicspeakermayhopetoteachanaudienceaboutnewideas,forexample,orprovideinformationaboutsometopic.Creatingagoodfeelingorentertaininganaudiencemaybeanotherpurpose.Publicspeakers,however,mostoftenseektopersuadeanaudiencetoadoptnewopinions,totakecertainactions，ortoseetheworldinanewway.Publicspeakersusuallyknowwellinadvancewhentheyarescheduledtomakeanaddress.Consequentlytheyareabletopreparetheirmessagebeforetheydeliverit.Sometimes,though,speakersmustdeliverthemessageunprepared,oroffthecuff,suchaswhentheyareaskedtoofferatoastataweddingreceptionortoparticipateinateleviseddebateorinterview.Whentheydonothavetospeakunpreparedly,mostspeakerswritetheirownspeeches.Politiciansandbusinessexecutivessometimesemployprofessionalwriterswhopreparetheirforthem.Theseprofessionalwritersmayworkaloneorinsmallteams.Althoughthespeakermayhavesomeinputintothecontentsofthespeech,thewriterssometimeshaveagreatinfluenceovertheopinionsexpressedbytheiremployers.Regardlessofhowaspeechisprepared,thepersonwhodeliversitisgivencreditforitseffectuponitshearers.1.Publicspeakingiswellknowntotheaveragepeoplebecause（）.2.Whichofthefollowingisrarelythepurposeofpublicspeaking?3.Inparagraph4,theexpression“deliverthemessageoffthecuff”means（）.4.Oftenthespeechpreparedbyaprofessionalwriterforaboss（）.5.Nomatterwhowritesaspeech,theaudience（）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.mostofthemhavebeentrainedaspublicspeakersB.mostofthemhavebeenaudienceofsuchactivitiesC.mostofthemhavetodoitwhentheystudyatcollegeD.Thepassagedoesnotmentionthereason問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Toinfluencepeople'sideasandbehavior.B.Toenjoythesatisfactionfromone'sownspeech.C.Topersuadetheaudiencetoacceptanidea.D.Topromotepublicinterest.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.speakatalargereceptionB.speakontelevisionC.speakaccordingtothescheduleD.speakwithoutpreparation問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.isveryprofessionalandtactfulB.expressesthewriter’sideaofthematterC.expressestheboss’sideaofthematterD.expressestheideasofboth問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.believeitexpressedthespeaker'sideaB.knowverywellwhothespeakerisC.knowwhoseideathespeechreallyexpressesD.donotbelievewhatthespeakersays8.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.如同人員與貨物一樣,人的思想觀念也可以跨躍大西洋自由地交流,盡管有時(shí)會(huì)略顯遲緩。你在一個(gè)新的環(huán)境呆上一段時(shí)間后就進(jìn)入了第二階段——危機(jī)階段,在這個(gè)階段,美好的印象漸漸消失,你會(huì)明白必須面對(duì)日常生活中的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。在美國(guó)人經(jīng)常光顧的那些歐洲國(guó)家,友誼跟其他更隨意的人際關(guān)系有很大的區(qū)別,友誼與家庭生活的關(guān)聯(lián)方式也各不相同。第一階段是蜜月階段,在這一階段中新的經(jīng)歷被視作是生動(dòng)有趣,令人愉快和富有魅力的。愛(ài)中有這樣的矛盾：兩個(gè)人合二為一,卻又一分為二。9.單選題（）aresearchstudent,Iwouldatleastmastertwoforeignlanguages.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.ShouldIbecomeB.IshouldbecomeC.WouldIbecomeD.HaveIbecome10.單選題Agoodteachermustknowhowto_____hisideas.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.conveyB.displayC.consultD.confront11.單選題Esperantoiswhatiscalledaplanned,orartificial,language.ItwascreatedmorethanacenturyagobyPolisheyedoctorLudwikLazarZamenhof.Zamenhofbelievedthatacommonlanguagewouldhelptoalleviatesomeofthemisunderstandingsamongcultures.InZamenhof’sfirstattemptatauniversallanguage,hetriedtocreatealanguagethatwasasuncomplicatedaspossible.Thisfirstlanguageincludedwordssuchasab,ac,ba,eb,be,andce.Thisdidnotresultinaworkablelanguageinthatthesemonosyllabicwords,thoughshort,werenoteasytounderstandortoretain.Next,Zamenhoftriedadifferentwayofconstructingasimplifiedlanguage.Hemadethewordsinhislanguagesoundlikewordsthatpeoplealreadyknew,buthesimplifiedthegrammartremendouslyOneexampleofhowhesimplifiedthelanguagecanbeseeninthesuffixes:allnounsinthislanguageendino,asinthenounamiko,whichmeans"friend,"andalladjectivesendin-a,asintheadjectivebeta,whichmeans"pretty"Anotherexampleofthesimplifiedlanguagecanbeseenintheprefixmal-,whichmakesawordoppositeinmeaning;thewordmalamikothereforemeans"enemy,"andthewordmalbelathereforemeans"ugly"inZamenhofslanguage.In1887,Zamenhofwroteadescriptionofthislanguageandpublishedit.Heusedapenname,Dr.Esperanto,whensigningthebook.HeselectedthenameEsperantobecausethiswordmeans"apersonwhohopes"inhislanguage.EsperantoclubsbeganpoppingupthroughoutEurope,andby1905EsperantohadspreadfromEuropetoAmericaandAsia.In1905,theFirstWorldCongressofEsperantotookplaceinFrance,withapproximately700attendeesfrom20differentcountries.Congresseswereheldannuallyfornineyears,and4,000attendeeswereregisteredfortheTenthWorldEsperantoCongressscheduledfor1914,whenWorldWarIeruptedandforceditscancellation.EsperantohashaditsupsanddownsintheperiodsinceWorldWarI.Today,yearsafteritwasintroduced,itisestimatedthatperhapsaquarterofamillionpeoplearefluentinit.Currentadvocateswouldliketoseeitsusegrowconsiderablyandaretakingstepstotrytomakethishappen.1.Thetopicofthispassageis（）.2.Accordingtothepassage,Zamenhofwantedtocreateauniversallanguage（）.3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheEsperantowordmalesperameans（）.4.Lookattheexpression“poppingup”inParagraph4.Thisexpre