湖南省邵陽市新邵縣高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題2

2023年上期高一期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題卷考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，圖答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowmanystudentsarethereintheWestemCultureclasstoday?A.92.B.18.C.74.2.Whosecarwasstolen?A.Karen’s.B.Theman’s.C.Thewoman’s.3.Whereisthewomannow?A.InOxford.B.InHarvard.C.InCambridge.4.Howdoesthewomanthinkofherlifenow?A.Wonderful.B.Verycommon.C.Alittlebad.5.Whydomostofpeopleraisepetsaccordingtotheman?A.Tofindcomfort.B.Tokilltime.C.Formeat.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題?，F(xiàn)在你有10秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這兩個(gè)小題。6.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Buyabirthdaygiftforherson.B.Buyapetforherhusband.C.GotoDavid’sbirthdayparty.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Davidlikeskeepingcats.B.Daviddoesn’tlikeanimals.C.Davidlikeskeepingapet.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。現(xiàn)在你有10秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這兩個(gè)小題。8.WhatdopeopledoonTree-PlantingDay?A.Manymanypeoplewillgotoplanttrees.B.Peoplecutdownmanybigtrees.C.Peoplemakemoney.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanthersontoknowmostofall?A.Tree-PlantingDayisimportant.B.Cuttingdowntreesisnecessary.C.Treesareveryimportant.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題?，F(xiàn)在你有15秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這三個(gè)小題。10.Whatisthewomandoingwhenthemantalkstoher?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Watchingafilm.C.Writingaletter.11.HowlongwillthewomanstayinJapan?A.Ayear.B.Amonth.C.Twoyears.12.WhatwillthewomandobeforesheleavesforJapan?A.ShewillreadmoreJapanesenovels.B.Shewillattendalanguageclass.C.Shewillapplyforanewprogram.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題?，F(xiàn)在你有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這四個(gè)小題。13.WhenwillthemangobacktoLondon?A.Nextmonth.B.Tomorrow.C.Inthreedays.14.HowlonghasthemanbeeninJapan?A.Fortwomonths.B.Forninemonths.C.Fortwoyears.15.Whatwillthemanmissthemost?A.Thedrinks.B.Thefood.C.Thenightlife.16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?AThemanisexcitedtogohome.B.Themandoesn’tlikedancing.C.ThedrinksinJapanarecheaperthanthoseinLondon.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。現(xiàn)在你有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀這四個(gè)小題。17.WhichmonthisFranco’ssummerholidayeveryyear?A.EverySeptember.B.EveryAugust.C.EveryJuly.18.HowdidFrancogotoJapan?A.Byair.B.Byboat.C.Bytrain.19.WhatdidFrancoseewhenhearrivedinTokyo?A.Aposter.B.Aletter.C.Afriend.20.WhatdidFrancodointheearthquakearea?A.Hetraveledinthecountryside.B.Hehelpedtheinjuredpeople.C.Hetalkedtothepeoplethere.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATakealookinsideahighschoolclassroom.Youwillmostlikelyfindateacheratthefrontoftheclassandstudentssittingattheirdesks.Yet,lookcloser,andyoumightnoticeafamiliarscene:manyofthesestudentsarenotpayingattention.Instead,theyaredozingoff(打盹)orevencompletelyasleep.Today,mostofhighschoolstudentsarenotgettingenoughsleep.Thislack(缺乏)ofsleepisaseriousproblem,especiallyasstudentsaredoingmorethaneverwiththeirtime.Theycometoschoolearly,spendhourslisteningtoteachersandtakingtests,andcomehometobefacedwithevenmorehomework.Mostkidsneedatleastninehoursofsleeppernightinordertofunctionproperly.Yettheperiodofthisninehoursshiftsasachildgetsolder.Afterpuberty(青春期),thebody’sinternalclockchangessothatitisdifficultforteenstofallasleepbefore11p.m.Soevenifastudentfallsasleepateleven,theywouldneedtosleepuntilatleast8a.m.togetafullnight’ssleep.Consideringthetimeatwhichmosthighschoolsinthiscountrybegin,thoseninehoursareclearlybeingshortened.Fewhighschoolsstartafter8a.m.However,thereareschoolsthathavepaidattentiontothisresearchanddelayed(延遲)thestartoftheirschoolday.Inschoolswherethestarttimeisafter8:30inthemorning,theteachersbelievethattherehasbeenarealchangeintheirstudents.Theynotethatthestudentsmissclassless,paymoreattentioninclass,performbetterinclass,andreportlowerlevelsofdepression(沮喪).Theresearchersofthesestudiessaythattheresultsarequiteimportantandthatmoreschoolsshouldconsiderdelayingtheirstarttimeoftheirschoolday.1.Whatismainlydiscussedinthesecondparagraph?A.Whyhighschoolstudentsfeelsleepyintheclassroom.B.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldgetmoresleep.C.Howtolightenhighschoolstudents’homeworkload.D.Thelifeofhighschoolstudentsatpresent.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifts”inParagraph3probablymean?A.arrives B.changes C.reduces D.increases3.Howdotheteachersfeelabouttheresultsfromdelayingtheirschoolday?A.Disappointed. B.Puzzled. C.Surprised. D.Satisfied.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了現(xiàn)今高中生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)重，家庭作業(yè)多，導(dǎo)致學(xué)生睡眠不足而課上犯困、精力不集中的現(xiàn)象，因此學(xué)校應(yīng)該減少課業(yè)，推遲上課時(shí)間，讓學(xué)生能有足夠的睡眠?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Today,mostofhighschoolstudentsarenotgettingenoughsleep.Thislack(缺乏)ofsleepisaseriousproblem,especiallyasstudentsaredoingmorethaneverwiththeirtime.Theycometoschoolearly,spendhourslisteningtoteachersandtakingtests,andcomehometobefacedwithevenmorehomework.(今天，大多數(shù)高中生睡眠不足。睡眠不足是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題，尤其是學(xué)生們比以往任何時(shí)候都要花更多的時(shí)間。他們早早來到學(xué)校，花幾個(gè)小時(shí)聽老師講課，參加考試，回到家面對更多的家庭作業(yè)。)”可知，第二段主要討論的是學(xué)生課堂上犯困的原因。故選A。【2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前句“Mostkidsneedatleastninehoursofsleeppernightinordertofunctionproperly.(大多數(shù)孩子每晚至少需要9個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠才能正常運(yùn)作。)”可知，大多數(shù)孩子每晚至少需要九個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠。本句用Yet轉(zhuǎn)折一下，故畫線詞所在句的意思與前文相反，同時(shí)根據(jù)后文“Afterpuberty(青春期),thebody’sinternalclockchangessothatitisdifficultforteenstofallasleepbefore11p.m.(進(jìn)入青春期后，身體內(nèi)部的生物鐘會(huì)發(fā)生變化，因此青少年很難在晚上11點(diǎn)之前入睡。)”可知，進(jìn)入青春期后孩子們9小時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間發(fā)生了改變。故畫線詞意為“變化”。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theynotethatthestudentsmissclassless,paymoreattentioninclass,performbetterinclass,andreportlowerlevelsofdepression(沮喪).(他們注意到，學(xué)生們?nèi)闭n的次數(shù)減少了，在課堂上更加集中注意力，在課堂上表現(xiàn)得更好，而且報(bào)告的抑郁程度也更低。)”可知，老師們注意到推遲上課后學(xué)生們曠課少，上課更專心，在課堂上表現(xiàn)得更好，抑郁程度更低。故可以推斷出老師對這個(gè)結(jié)果是滿意的。故選D。BHowdoesyourfamilycelebrateMother’sDay?Doyougiveherflowersormakeheracard?Theoriginalmother’sdayswereobservedratherdifferently.JuliaWardHowewasthefirstpersontoproposethattheUnitedStatesobserveanationalmother’sday.ShejoinedtheU.S.SanitaryCommissionduringtheAmericanCivilWar.FollowingthewarHowebecameasupporterforpeace.In1872,HoweorganizedMother’sPeaceDaytoimproveworkingconditionsinminesandprovidebettereducationforpoorchildren.ButMothers’PeaceDayneverbecameanationalholiday.Mother’sDayowesitsorigintotheeffortsofAnnaJarvis,adaughterwhowantedtohonorhermother,Ann.In1858,AnnbeganatraditionofMothers’WorkDaysinTaylorCounty,theruralcommunitywhereinfectionanddiseasewerecommon.Annbeggeddoctorstoteachherandherneighborshowtoimprovethefamilyhealth.OnMothers’WorkDays,theyhelpedandtaughtothermothers.Annonceconcluded:“Ihopethatsomeone,sometime,willfoundamemorialmother’sday.”WhenAnndiedonMay9,1905,Annadeterminedtofulfillhermother’swish.AnnawrotehundredsofletterstopoliticiansandspokeoftentopromotetheestablishmentofMother’sDay.OnMay10,1908,AnnaaddressedalargeMother’sDaycelebration.Sheurgedchildrentoshowloveandthanksfortheirmothers“bywords,gifts,actsofaffection...”Theideaofadayhonoringmothersspreadquicklythroughoutthecountryandbecameofficialin1914,whenPresidentWoodrowWilsonsignedaresolutionestablishingthesecondSundayinMayasMother’sDay.WhilefewtodaythinkofMother’sDayasadaytodocharityworkinthecommunity,youcanstillfollowAnnatocelebrateit.4.Whyweretheoriginalmother’sdaysobserved?A.Tosatisfymothers’wishes. B.Toassistthepeopleinneed.C.Tourgechildrentolovetheirmothers. D.Tosavethewoundedsoldiersinthewar.5.WhatcanweknowaboutthefirstofficialMother’sDay?A.ItwasfoundedbyJuliaWardHowe.B.ItwascelebratedinmemoryofAnna’mother.C.Anna’sspeechcontributedtoitsestablishment.D.Anna’seffortsreceivednoresponsefromthepublic.6.InwhichwaydoestheauthoradviseustocelebrateMother’sDay?A.Bygivingcelebrationspeeches. B.Byreflectingonitsoriginalintention.C.Bydoinggooddeedsinthecommunity. D.Byshowingloveandgratitudetomothers.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMothersofMother’sDay B.TheBestGiftforMother’sDayC.TheTraditionsofMother’sDay D.TheCelebrationofMother’sDay【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一些對母親節(jié)的成立所做出貢獻(xiàn)的人。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“In1872,HoweorganizedMother’sPeaceDaytoimproveworkingconditionsinminesandprovidebettereducationforpoorchildren.（1872年，Howe組織了母親和平日，以改善礦山的工作條件，并為貧困兒童提供更好的教育。）”可知，最初的母親節(jié)是為了幫助有需要的人。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“OnMay10,1908,AnnaaddressedalargeMother’sDaycelebration.Sheurgedchildrentoshowloveandthanksfortheirmothers'bywords,gifts,actsofaffection...'（1908年5月10日，安娜在一個(gè)大型的母親節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)上發(fā)表講話。她敦促孩子們“用言語、禮物、親情的行為”來表達(dá)對母親的愛和感謝）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Theideaofadayhonoringmothersspreadquicklythroughoutthecountryandbecameofficialin1914,whenPresidentWoodrowWilsonsignedaresolutionestablishingthesecondSundayinMayasMother’sDay.（紀(jì)念母親節(jié)的想法很快在全國傳播開來，并于1914年正式生效，當(dāng)時(shí)伍德羅·威爾遜總統(tǒng)簽署了一項(xiàng)決議，將5月的第二個(gè)星期日定為母親節(jié)。）”可知，安娜的演講促成了它的成立。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhilefewtodaythinkofMother’sDayasadaytodocharityworkinthecommunity,youcanstillfollowAnnatocelebrateit.（雖然今天很少有人認(rèn)為母親節(jié)是一個(gè)在社區(qū)做慈善工作的日子，但你仍然可以跟隨安娜來慶祝它。）”以及倒數(shù)第三段“OnMay10,1908,AnnaaddressedalargeMother’sDaycelebration.Sheurgedchildrentoshowloveandthanksfortheirmothers'bywords,gifts,actsofaffection...'（1908年5月10日，安娜在一個(gè)大型的母親節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)上發(fā)表講話。她敦促孩子們“用言語、禮物、親情的行為”來表達(dá)對母親的愛和感謝）”可知，作者建議讀者跟隨安娜來慶祝母親節(jié)，通過這個(gè)節(jié)日來表達(dá)對母親的愛和感謝。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段“Theoriginalmother’sdayswereobservedratherdifferently.（最初的母親節(jié)是完全不同的。）”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文通過介紹母親節(jié)的建立，講述了JuliaWardHowe、AnnaJarvis以及AnnaJarvis的媽媽Ann，這三位對母親節(jié)的成立所做出貢獻(xiàn)的人。A項(xiàng)“母親節(jié)的母親”最能概括本文主旨大意。故選A。CAllthewisdomoftheagesandallthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturiesareeasilyandcheaplyavailabletoallofuswithinthecoversofbooks.Themostunfortunatepeopleintheworldarethosewhohaveneverdiscoveredhowsatisfyingitistoreadgoodbooks.Readingisthepleasureofthemind,whichmeansthatitisalittlelikeasport:youreagemessandknowledgeandquicknessmakeyouagoodreader.Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevengoesbeyondhis.Yourexperience,comparedwithhis,bringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions,andyourideasdevelopasyouunderstandhis.Everybookstandsbyitself,likeaone-familyhouse,butbooksinalibraryarelikehousesinacity.Althoughtheyareseparate,togethertheyalladduptosomething.Theyareconnectedwitheachotherandwithothercities.Booksinfluenceeachother,theylinkthepast,thepresentandthefutureandhavetheirowngenerations,likefamilies.Whereveryoustartreading,youconnectyourselfwithoneofthefamiliesorideas,andinthelongrun,younotonlyfindoutabouttheworldandthepeopleinitbutalsoyoufindoutaboutyourself,too.Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonbookssomebodytellsyou“youought”toread,youprobablywon’thavefun.Butifyouputdownabookyoudon’tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxyourselfwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtimeandifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinder,ormoregentle,youwon’thavesufferedduringtheprocess.8.Whatisreadinginthewriter’sopinion?A.Readingisaprocessoflisteningtotheauthor.B.Readingisaprocessofacceptingtheauthor’sideas.C.Readingisaprocessofcommunicatingwiththeauthorandyourself.D.Readingisaprocessofjudgingtheauthor’swork.9.Whatkindofpeoplearethemostunfortunateinthewriter’seyes?A.Thosewhodon’thaveanybooks. B.Thosewhocan’tenjoyreadingbooks.C.Thosewhodon’tlikebooks. D.Thosewhoreadtoomanybooks.10.Whatkindofbooksshouldyoureadinordertofindpleasureinreading?A.Bookswrittenbyfamouswriters. B.Bookswritteninhumorstyle.C.Bookswhichyouliketoread. D.Booksrecommendedbyyourfriends.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofreading.B.Totellushowtomakereadingmoreeffective.C.Totellushowtoread.D.Toshowthepleasureofreading.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要闡述了閱讀的樂趣，即閱讀是一種讓思維活躍的樂趣，可以幫助人們了解世界和自我。同時(shí)，文章也提醒讀者，閱讀應(yīng)該是一種自由和愉悅的體驗(yàn)，而不是被迫的任務(wù)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevengoesbeyondhis.Yourexperience,comparedwithhis,bringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions,andyourideasdevelopasyouunderstandhis.(閱讀之所以有趣，不是因?yàn)樽髡咴诟嬖V你什么，而是因?yàn)樗屇愕拇竽X運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來。你自己的想象力與作者的想象力一起發(fā)揮作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，與他的比較，使你得到相同或不同的結(jié)論，你的想法在你理解他的過程中發(fā)展。)”以及第三段中“Whereveryoustartreading,youconnectyourselfwithoneofthefamiliesorideas,andinthelongrun,younotonlyfindoutabouttheworldandthepeopleinitbutalsoyoufindoutaboutyourself,too.(無論你從哪里開始閱讀，你都會(huì)將自己與其中一個(gè)家庭或思想聯(lián)系起來，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，你不僅會(huì)了解這個(gè)世界和其中的人們，還會(huì)了解你自己了。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為閱讀的過程不僅可以與作者之間溝通，也有助于發(fā)展自己的理解過程即閱讀是一個(gè)與作者和你自己交流的過程。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Themostunfortunatepeopleintheworldarethosewhohaveneverdiscoveredhowsatisfyingitistoreadgoodbooks.(世界上最不幸人是那些從未發(fā)現(xiàn)讀好書是多么令人滿足的人。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為不幸的人是那些從未發(fā)現(xiàn)讀好書是多么令人滿足的人。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.(閱讀只有在你期望它有趣的時(shí)候才會(huì)有趣。)”以及“Butifyouputdownabookyoudon’tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxyourselfwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime(但是，如果你放下一本不喜歡的書，嘗試另一本，直到你找到一本對你有意義的書，然后放松自己，你幾乎肯定會(huì)度過一段美好的時(shí)光)”可知，作者認(rèn)為讀自己喜歡的書或者自己覺得有意義的書，這樣閱讀才會(huì)有樂趣。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Allthewisdomoftheagesandallthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturiesareeasilyandcheaplyavailabletoallofuswithinthecoversofbooks.(所有時(shí)代的智慧和所有幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來使人類高興的故事，都可以在書的封面上輕松而廉價(jià)地獲得。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為古人的智慧都可以在書本中得到；同時(shí)根據(jù)第二段中“Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevengoesbeyondhis.Yourexperience,comparedwithhis,bringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions,andyourideasdevelopasyouunderstandhis.(閱讀之所以有趣，不是因?yàn)樽髡咴诟嬖V你什么，而是因?yàn)樗屇愕拇竽X運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來。你自己的想象力與作者的想象力一起發(fā)揮作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，與他的比較，使你得到相同或不同的結(jié)論，你的想法在你理解他的過程中發(fā)展。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為閱讀的過程不僅可以與作者之間溝通，也有助于發(fā)展自己的理解過程即閱讀是一個(gè)與作者和你自己交流的過程；以及通讀全文，作者闡述了閱讀給作者帶來的樂趣，故文章的目的是建議讀者們讀書，展示給讀者們閱讀的樂趣。故選D。DAgreatmanypeople,whentheyspeakofhome,tendtoconnectitwithacertainatmosphere,certainphysicalsurroundings(環(huán)境),andcertainemotionalattitudeswithinthemselves.Thissentimentality(多愁善感)towardhomeissomethingthathascomedowntousfromthepast.Manymodernpeopledonothaveit,andIthinkitisagoodthingthattheydonot.Intheolddays,lifewasdifficult.Enemiescouldattackyouandkillorrobyou,andyouhadlittleprotectionagainstthem.Peopledidnotliveinwell-builthouseswheredoorscouldbelocked.Theydidnothavetheprotectionofanorganizedpoliceforceortelephoneswhichcouldcallthepoliceinstantly.Howdidthisinfluencethewaypeoplefeltabouthome?Smallfamilygroupsclung(貼近)tightlytogetherforprotectionagainstbeastsandagainstothermen.Today,thankstomoderntransportationandwell-organizedsociety,thousandsofpeoplewillinglyandeagerlyleavethesurroundingswheretheywereborn,andtheoftenertheydoso,thelesssentiment(情緒)theyarelikelytohaveforthosesurroundings.IlivedinEnglandforthreeyears,andInoticedthatboysandgirlslefttheirparents’homesandlivedinplacesoftheirown.Theretheycouldjusttelephoneandaskanagencytoprovidethemwithahouseoranapartment,whichwastheirhome.Howhasthemeaningofthisword“home”beenchangedbysuchactivity?Whatdoeshomemeantothosepeopleortofamilieswhooftenmoveabout,livinginfirstonehotelandthenanother?Ibelievethatforthemhomemeansaplacewheretheycanhaveprivacy.Asforme,theatmosphereandsurroundingsoftheplacewheremyparentslivehavenosentimental(情感的)attachment(依戀).HomeiswhereIcanshutthedoorandbebymyself.WhenIleftmyparentsseveralyearsago,Iwasanxioustoleave.Youmightcallitunfeeling,butthatwasthewayIfelt.OnthedayofmydeparturefortheUnitedStates,mygrandmothercried.Myfather,however,showedthatheknewhowIfelt.“Son,”hesaid,“Iamnotsorrythatyouareleavingus.Ionlyhopethatyoumakethemostofyourtime.”12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonfordifficultlifeintheolddays?A.Noattackorkillingorrobberyfromenemies.B.Peoplehadnoprotectionofapoliceforce.C.Peoplelivedinpoorly-builthouses.D.Peoplehadnotelephones.13.Whyaremodernpeoplewillingtoleavetheirparents’homes?A.Becausetheycanaffordthemoneytoliveoutside.B.Becausetherearenowildanimalsorenemiesaround.C.Becausethesocietyprovidesthemwiththefeelingofsafety.D.Becausetheyarenotactuallysatisfiedwiththeirenvironment.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthearticle?A.Surroundingsinfluencethewaythatpeopleact.B.Notmanymodernpeoplehavesentimentalitytowardhome.C.Rightstoprivacyarewellprotectedinmodernsociety.D.Olderpeoplecanhardlyunderstandtheleavingoftheyoung.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHistoryofHome B.PeopleandHomeC.DifferentIdeasofHome D.IdeasofHomeHaveChanged【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。主要討論了人們對家的概念的改變并且分析了其原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Intheolddays,lifewasdifficult.Enemiescouldattackyouandkillorrobyou,andyouhadlittleprotectionagainstthem.Peopledidnotliveinwell-builthouseswheredoorscouldbelocked.Theydidnothavetheprotectionofanorganizedpoliceforceortelephoneswhichcouldcallthepoliceinstantly.”（在過去，生活很困難。敵人可能會(huì)攻擊你，殺死你或搶劫你，而你幾乎沒有任何保護(hù)措施。人們沒有住在建造精良、門可以上鎖的房子里。他們沒有有組織的警察部隊(duì)的保護(hù)，也沒有可以立即報(bào)警的電話）可知，沒有敵人的攻擊、殺戮或搶劫這項(xiàng)陳述不是過去生活困難的原因。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Today,thankstomoderntransportationandwell-organizedsociety,thousandsofpeoplewillinglyandeagerlyleavethesurroundingswheretheywereborn,andtheoftenertheydoso,thelesssentiment(情緒)theyarelikelytohaveforthosesurroundings.”（今天，由于現(xiàn)代交通和組織良好的社會(huì)，成千上萬的人愿意和急切地離開他們出生的環(huán)境，他們這樣做的次數(shù)越多，他們對周圍環(huán)境的感情就越少）可知，現(xiàn)代人愿意離開父母的家是因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)給了他們安全感。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thissentimentality(多愁善感)towardhomeissomethingthathascomedowntousfromthepast.Manymodernpeopledonothaveit,andIthinkitisagoodthingthattheydonot.”（這種對家的眷戀是我們從過去傳承下來的。許多現(xiàn)代人沒有，我認(rèn)為這是一件好事，他們沒有）可知，沒有多少現(xiàn)代人對家有感情。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Agreatmanypeople,whentheyspeakofhome,tendtoconnectitwithacertainatmosphere,certainphysicalsurroundings(環(huán)境),andcertainemotionalattitudeswithinthemselves.Thissentimentality(多愁善感)towardhomeissomethingthathascomedowntousfromthepast.Manymodernpeopledonothaveit,andIthinkitisagoodthingthattheydonot.”（很多人一提到家，就傾向于把它與某種氣氛、某種物質(zhì)環(huán)境和自己內(nèi)心的某種情感態(tài)度聯(lián)系起來。這種對家的眷戀是我們從過去傳承下來的。許多現(xiàn)代人沒有，我認(rèn)為這是一件好事，他們沒有。）可知，本文主要講的是人們對家的概念的改變。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“家的概念已經(jīng)改變了”。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Somepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents.However,itisnottrue.___16___Ifit’shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don’tworryaboutit.Hereissomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(消除代溝).Don’targuewithyourparents.___17___Yourparentspossiblywon’tconsideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthem.Andyoucan’texpressyourselfwellifyouareangry.Gotosomeplacetocooloff.Makesureyouunderstandwhyyouareunhappy.Thenthinkaboutwhatyouwanttosaytoyourparents.Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucanspeaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter.Trytoreachacompromise(和解).___18___Youcankeepyourdisagreementandtryyourbesttoaccepteachother.Michael’smotherdidn’tagreewithhimaboutbuyingamotorcycle.Theyarguedoverit.Buttheyfinallycametoacompromise.Michaelboughtthemotorcycle,butonlydroveitoncertaindays.Ofcourse,yourparentsmightrefusetocompromiseonsomething.Inthesesituations,itisespeciallyimportanttoshowloveandrespecttothem.___19___Talkaboutyourvalues.Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown.Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy.___20___Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscanmakeyouabetterandhappierperson.Itisworthhavingatry.A.Trytokeepawayfromyourparents.B.Manychildrendon’trespecttheirparents.C.Don’tgettoyourparentswhenyouareangry.D.Showingrespectwillkeepyourrelationshipstrong.E.Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagreeonsomething.F.Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.G.Understandingyourvaluesmighthelpthemseeyourpurposesinlife.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)消除父母和孩子之間代溝的辦法。【16題詳解】上文“Somepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents.However,itisnottrue.(有些人認(rèn)為只有學(xué)齡兒童才不同意父母的意見。然而，事實(shí)并非如此。)”提出有人認(rèn)為只有學(xué)齡兒童才不同意父母的意見，但這是錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.(溝通對父母和所有年齡段的孩子來說都是一個(gè)問題。)”承接上文，給出正確的觀點(diǎn)：所有年齡段的孩子和父母之間都存在這一問題，進(jìn)而引出下文消除代溝的建議，上下文語意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】下文“Yourparentspossiblywon’tconsideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthem.Andyoucan’texpressyourselfwellifyouareangry.(如果你對父母大喊大叫，他們可能不會(huì)考慮你的想法。如果你生氣了，你就不能很好地表達(dá)自己。)”假設(shè)了在生氣的時(shí)候去與父母溝通可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問題，是對C項(xiàng)“Don’tgettoyourparentswhenyouareangry.(當(dāng)你生氣的時(shí)候不要去找你的父母。)”的解釋，說明了為什么生氣的時(shí)候不要去找父母，上下文語意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】小標(biāo)題“Trytoreachacompromise(和解).(試著達(dá)成和解)”指出與父母相處需要讓步。E項(xiàng)“Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagreeonsomething.(也許你和你的父母在某些事情上意見不一致。)”創(chuàng)設(shè)了讓步的前提：與父母在某些事情上意見不一致，存在矛盾，引出下文“Youcankeepyourdisagreementandtryyourbesttoaccepteachother.(你們可以保留分歧，并盡最大努力接受對方。)”的應(yīng)對辦法，照應(yīng)本段主題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Inthesesituations,itisespeciallyimportanttoshowloveandrespecttothem.(在這種情況下，對他們表現(xiàn)出愛和尊重是特別重要的。)”提出表現(xiàn)對父母的愛和尊重，D項(xiàng)“Showingrespectwillkeepyourrelationshipstrong.(表達(dá)尊重會(huì)讓你們的關(guān)系更加牢固。)”說明這樣做的作用，上下文語意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy.(告訴你的父母你關(guān)心什么，為什么。)”提出告訴父母對自己而言什么最重要并說明原因，G項(xiàng)“Understandingyourvaluesmighthelpthemseeyourpurposesinlife.(了解你的價(jià)值觀可以幫助他們看到你的人生目標(biāo)。)”說明這樣做的作用，句中“yourvalues”與上文“whatyoucareabout”相照應(yīng)，同時(shí)呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題“Talkaboutyourvalues.(談?wù)勀愕膬r(jià)值觀。)”，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MartinStrelknowsathingortwoaboutrivers.Hehasbeenswimminginthem___21___hewasayoungboy.Althoughheholdsfiveworldrecordsinmarathonswimming,heisbestknownforusinghissporttoraise___22___ofwaterpollution.Afteryearsofswimmingindirtywater,hedecidedhehadtodo___23___.Hebegantoswimto___24___“peace,friendshipandcleanwater”.Hehopestosee___25___lawsstrengthenedandstrictlyperformed.Sofar,hehasswuminmanyoftheworld’smostfamousrivers.In2000,he___26___toswiminEurope’ssecondlongestriver,theDanube.Heswam1,866milesin58daysand___27___aworldrecordforlong-distanceswimming.In2002,StrelswamintheMississippiRiverand___28___adistanceof2,360milesin68days.In2007,heswam3,274milesoftheAmazonRiverin66days.Mostofthe___29___intheAmazoncomesfromharmfulchemicalsusedingoldminingandoilleaks(滲漏)from____30____maintainedboats.He____31____42poundsandwassoweakthathecouldn’tfeedhimselfandhadtobecarriedinandoutofthe____32____.Still,Strelplansto____33____swimmingforpeace,friendshipandcleanwater,buthewouldprefertodoitintheocean.____34____,theworld’sriversaresimplytoodirty.He____35____adaywheneveryonecangoswimmingincleanwater.21.A.before B.when C.since D.until22.A.importance B.knowledge C.idea D.awareness23.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything24.A.promote B.permit C.perform D.stop25.A.political B.economic C.agricultural D.environmental26.A.refused B.failed C.tended D.managed27.A.kept B.accessed C.held D.set28.A.covered B.contained C.expanded D.contained29.A.population B.poison C.pressure D.pollution30.A.well B.poorly C.carefully D.exactly31.A.gained B.weighed C.lost D.got32.A.area B.boat C.lake D.water33.A.giveup B.takeup C.carryout D.keepon34.A.Happily B.Surprisingly C.Sadly D.Hopefully35.A.dreamsof B.callsfor C.opensup D.putsforward【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.D27.D28.A29.D30.B31.C32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了MartinStrel從小游泳，在馬拉松游泳比賽中保持了五項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄，同時(shí)他也利用這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)提高了人們對水污染的意識(shí)。【21題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就在河里面游泳。A.before在……之前；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.since自從；D.until直到。主句“Hehasbeenswimminginthem”使用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)詞從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，結(jié)合句意可知，在河里面游泳是從小時(shí)候就開始的行為，應(yīng)用從屬連詞since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“自從”。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他在馬拉松游泳比賽中保持了五項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄，但他最出名的是利用這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)提高人們對水污染的意識(shí)。A.importance價(jià)值；B.knowledge知識(shí)；C.idea想法；D.awareness意識(shí)。根據(jù)下文“Hehopestosee5lawsstrengthenedandstrictlyperformed.”和“Strelplansto13swimmingforpeace,friendshipandcleanwater”可推知Strel的目標(biāo)不僅僅是贏得游泳比賽，他還有更崇高的追求，結(jié)合句中“raise”可推知，他希望提升人們對水污染的意識(shí)；raiseawareness“提高意識(shí)”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：在經(jīng)歷了多年在臟水里游泳之后，他決定要做點(diǎn)什么。A.anything任何事；B.something某事；C.nothing沒有什么；D.everything一切。根據(jù)下文“Hebegantoswimto4“peace,friendshipandcleanwater”.Hehopestosee5lawsstrengthenedandstrictlyperformed.”可知，Strel決定為改善水污染做點(diǎn)事情；dosomething“做點(diǎn)什么”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他開始游泳，以促進(jìn)“和平、友誼和清潔的水?！盇.promote促進(jìn)；B.permit允許；C.perform表演；D.stop停止。下文“peace,friendshipandcleanwater.”是Strel想要促進(jìn)的環(huán)保理念，promote“促進(jìn)，提倡”符合語境。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他希望看到環(huán)境法得到加強(qiáng)和嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。A.political政治的；B.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；C.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；D.environmental環(huán)境的。根據(jù)上文可知，Strel的行為主要是為了改善水污染，所以他希望環(huán)境法得到加強(qiáng)。故選D。