托福寫作滿分詞以類記

Education培養(yǎng)(某種素質(zhì))cultivate/foster/nurture(vts)促進學(xué)生身心發(fā)展promotethestudent’sphysical,mental(或者用inlectual)andemotionaldevelopment心理健康psychologicalsoundness/well-being/welfare(nouns)學(xué)習(xí)能力(就有的)aptitude/talent學(xué)習(xí)能力(后天學(xué)習(xí)到的)ability/skill學(xué)生接受的學(xué)校教育(名詞)schooling(noun)(名詞)upbringing(noun)givethestudentsmotivationtodosomething或者motivate(vt)thestudenttodosomething青少年adolescents/youngsters/youths傳授知識impart(vt)/inculcate(vt)knowledge灌輸高尚的道德觀念instill(vt)highmoralvalues(注以values復(fù)數(shù)比試價值觀)給學(xué)生以靈感stimulatethestudents;thought或者givethestudentsinspiration家長教育的方式(名詞)parenting/upbringing教學(xué)法teachingmethodology/pedagogicalmethodology適應(yīng)(動詞)adapttodosomething/adjustoneselftodosomething/ eaccustomedtodosomething適應(yīng)能力adaptability學(xué)生對老師所教授的知識的掌握students’grasp/command(nouns)ofwhathasbeentaught就業(yè)技能employable/marketableskill限制創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)展extinguish(vt)/stifle(vt)/constrain(vt)creativity(noun)打擊學(xué)生的積極性dampen/sap(vts)thestudents’enthusiasmfrustratethestudentsbegetcreateunduepressure塑造的性格mould(BrE,vt)one’scharacter責(zé)任感asenseofobligation學(xué)生不應(yīng)該只是的接收簡單知識的容器studentshouldnotbetreatedaspassivereceptaclesofpredigestedideas.死記硬背learnthingbyrote.方程式,,定理,定律memorizeequations,formulas,theoremsandlaws(nouns)應(yīng)用apply(vt)盲從followsomethingblindly/indiscriminay(adv)用填鴨式教學(xué)教育學(xué)生-feed(vt)thestudents為了而memorizeformemorization’sownsake把學(xué)生分開教育(比如根據(jù)智力或者課堂上的表現(xiàn)segregate(vt)studentspeerpressure逆境adversecircumstances/adversity團隊精神teamspirit(noun)獨立思考thinklearnthingsthroughunderstandingencouragestudentstothinkcritically(adv)students’feedbackstudents’input學(xué)生評價老師的教studentsappraise/evaluatetheirteachers’performancecurriculum(noun)syllabusextra-curricularactivity學(xué)校是社會的Aschoolissocietyinminiature不遵守紀律(詞)indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(nouns)紀律的(形容詞)學(xué)生disruptive/unrulytheoreticalknowledgegeneralistspecialistwell-roundedcontributetosocietalwell-being/welfarewelfare不是“福利”的意思大學(xué)學(xué)科的分類可以分為:人文學(xué)科(包括文學(xué)、歷史、語言學(xué)等)humanities(包括政治、經(jīng)studies理科(包括物理、化學(xué)、生物等)sciences工科(包括工程,自動化等)engineering大學(xué)里的任何一個disciplinebasicsciencesappliedsciences小學(xué)教育primary-leveleducationsecondary-leveleducationtertiary-leveleducation職業(yè)教育vocationaleducation/training青少年adolescents/youngsters/youthsTechnology&media尖端的技術(shù)cutting-edged(adj)technology信息informationexplosion/informationoverloadtheinformationage/theinformationeratheproliferationoftheInternet科技創(chuàng)新及發(fā)展technologicalinnovations/inventions/advances/progressions(nouns)提高效率augment/enhance/boost(vts)efficiencyaugment/enhance/boost(vts)productivity減少人力的機器(計算機發(fā)明之前的技術(shù))labor-savingmachinery取代人力的機器labor-recingmachinery自動化automation(noun)/automated(adj)生物技術(shù)biotechnology克隆cloning(noun)clone(verb)通訊 munications(noun)太空探索(名詞)spaceexploration人的構(gòu)成one’sgeneticmakeup/one’sDNAprogramming實事currentaffairs界thepress印刷(如報紙、)theprintmedia報道的機構(gòu)newsoutlets電子theelectronicmedia無處不在的prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive充斥著...beawashwith/beinundatedwith/besaturatedwithsomethingcensor刪除delete/eliminate/excise(vts)過多的與內(nèi)容excessive/gratuitousviolentandographiccontents有誤導(dǎo)性的misleading/misrepresented/distorted詐騙性的fraudulent虛false/bogus非常詳細的細節(jié)reportsomethingingraphicdetailmediahype夸大事實exaggeratethings/sensationalizethingsblowthingsoutofallproportion(最后一個口語化說法,但作文也可用)客觀公正的objectiveandbalancedexpose/reveal隱私violate/intrudeon/infringeon/someone‘sprivacy毀壞的名譽tarnish/sully/smear/besmirchone’sreputationpaparazzi(復(fù)數(shù)名詞,s)acelebrity/celebrities(plural)scandals掩蓋(或罪行等)coverup/glossover/whitewash不客觀的,不公正的biased/skewed/unobjective如實描寫factualaccounts可信的reliable/trustworthy/dependableup-to-date/up-tothe-minute)信息量大的informative性強的entertaining有價值newsworthy道德準則codeofethic或者codeofTourism旅游景點touristattraction/touristspots/cesofinterest開闊眼界pushback/expandone’svision/horizons(注意horizons必須是復(fù)數(shù))游客與當?shù)厝嘶覶ouristscaninctwiththelocals促進文化交流promoteculturalcommunication吸引draw/attract/appealto(vts)/beamagnetforsomebody親身體驗(名詞)first-handexperience(noun)多種感觀體驗的(如聽覺、觸覺等)multi-sensory(adj)沖突(noun,vi+with)爭端discord/把游客和當?shù)厝烁艚^seclude/isolate(vts)thetouristsfromthelocals商業(yè)化commercialize/commodify(vts)游客的touristtraps間接體驗(比如通過電視或者互聯(lián)網(wǎng),名詞)second-handexperience/vicariousexperienceculturalheritageTheInternetwillnotrendertourismobsolete.ernment類詞匯citizens/thecitizenry(全體公民,不可數(shù))規(guī)范,管理regulate/administer/oversee(vts)實施implementlegislate/makelaws嚴禁strictlyprohibit/banaltogether嚴格的法律stringentlaws/legislation監(jiān)督scrutiny(noun)/scrutinize(vt)/monitor(vt)為...allocatemoneytosomething/subsidize(vtbeapatronofinvestin/finance(vtfund(vt)dedicatemoneytosomething預(yù)算budgettaxrevenue在某方面的開支theernmentspending/expenditureonsomethingcurtailaugment當務(wù)之急priority把...當成當務(wù)之急giveprioritytosomething.責(zé)任obligation/responsibility軍備競賽armsrace自衛(wèi)self-defense安全nationalsecurity/homelandsecurity缺乏遠見的政策short-sighted擴張expansion/aggression謀求霸權(quán)seek/pursue(vts)惡性循環(huán)aviciouscircle地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素destabilizingfactor規(guī)章制度rulesandregulations太空競賽spaceracearms/weapons/armaments工人lay-offworkers/downsizeworkersunemploymentjoblessnessinfrastructure—publictransportsystem公共交通系統(tǒng),powergrid電網(wǎng)pipelineswatersupplyanddrainagesystem給排水系統(tǒng)等,與開放的ademocraticandprogressiveAnimals動物權(quán)益保護主義者animalrightsactivists醫(yī)學(xué)研究medicalresearch的cruel/merciless/inhuman/callous/brutal解剖vivisection麻醉anaesthetic減輕動物的痛苦alleviate/easeanimals’pain寵物是主人的伙伴petsarecompanionsoftheirmasters給主人心理安慰affordtheirmastersconsolationandcomfortpoach(vi,vt)/poaching(noun)therearenorecement/substitutes/alternatives(單數(shù)則去掉s)forsomething.Language&Culture一種可以通用的語言(比如英語)alinguafranca/auniversallanguage/agloballanguage英語的廣泛應(yīng)用theproliferationofEnglish英語的地位thedominantrole/theascendancy/theofEnglish方言dialect/vernacular/theindigenouslanguage小語種將會消亡Lesser-knownlanguage eextinct/obsolete小語種的消亡theextinction/demiseoflesser-knownlanguages文化遺產(chǎn)包括有形跟無形兩種,有形的入歷史遺跡,無形的入風(fēng)俗,儀式,傳統(tǒng)道德觀念等Culturalheritagecanbedividedintotwogroups,tangibleculturalheritage,suchashistoricsitesandintangibleheritagesuchascustoms,ritesritualsandmoresetc.preserveforefathersancestors后代descendants/posterity(后一個是不可數(shù)名詞)少數(shù)民族ethnicminoritiestheharmonybetweenethnicgroup/raceculturalintegrationandsynthesis相互影響inction文化多元性culturaldiversity豐富enrich狹隘的觀念insular/provincial/parochialmentalitydeprecated/denigrate/minimizetheimportanceof/disparage/trivialize/discredit某事不是一成不變的somethingisnotset/carvedinstone生活節(jié)奏加速thetempo/paceoflifehasaccelerated疲勞fatigue導(dǎo)致人與人的疏遠createalienationbetweenpeople過于功利的materialistic/mercenary/money-worship追求最大限度利潤pursueumprofit交通堵塞trafficjams/trafficcongestions/gridblock(最后一個是不可數(shù)名詞)阻礙impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts)povertyalleviation就業(yè)機會jobopportunity/employmentopportunityneedy/poverty-stricken/impoverisheddepriveddestituteindigent富裕的affluent/wealthy/well-offcarwreckscaraccidentspedestrianstrafficaccidentperpetrators違章橫穿馬路jaywalk(可以為:走路――不走尋常路――美特斯邦威)頭surveillancecameras有特殊審美價值的老房子oldbuildingsofspecialaestheticvalue(注意審美觀的英文說法是aestheticvalues復(fù)數(shù))有歷史特殊意義的老房子buildingsofhistoricsignificance民居vernaculardwellings讓城市更美觀beautifythecities/betterthecityscape破舊的房子decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidatedteardownabuilding/demolishabuilding/razeabuilding/knockdownabuilding高樓high-risebuilding摩天樓skyscrapersurbanization城鄉(xiāng)差距thedisparitybetweenthecityandcountryside城市的urban鄉(xiāng)村的rural搬遷relocate(vi,vt) mute休閑leisure/recreation精神上的享受amusementandenjoyment娛樂entertainment/diversion寬松的管理laissez-fairemanagement運營成本operatingcosts/overheadcosts雇用recruit會導(dǎo)致效率降低的counterproductive勞動力資源laborpool抑郁癥depression失眠sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia人炸populationexplosion/populationboom控制人口birthcontrol/familynning愛慕虛榮的pretentious/ostentatious缺少運動的生活方式sedentarylifestyle營養(yǎng)過剩overnourishmentEnvironmentecologicalbalanceecologicalequilibriumsustainabledevelopment環(huán)保主environmentalists/conservationistsenvironmentally-friendlyconserve(vt)保護preserve再利用(動詞)reuse/recycle各國必須攜手解決環(huán)境問題:Countriesonthisnetmustjoins/makeaconcertedeffort/unitetocombat/tackle/resolve/addressenvironmentalproblems.增強公眾關(guān)于...raiseelevatethepublicawarenessofsomethingshortagescarcitydearth/lackputastrainonthealreadystretchedresourcewreakhavoconnaturalresources看法森林deation污染pollute/contaminate的poisonous/toxic增加農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量boostcropyield可再生資源renewableresource不可再生資源non-renewableresource(metal,minerals,petroleum,naturalgas,coal等,后三種可以fossilfuels)消耗(某種資源consume/depleteuseup/exhaustharshaction/measuresecosystem/ecologicalsystemthewildlifeinaregion/thebiota(=flora+fauna)ofaregion生物多樣性biodiversityeffluent/sewagedischargegreenhouseeffectglobalwarming/grave白色污染產(chǎn)生的non-biodegradablegarbage/wastesthatcannot poseorbreakdown/inorganictrash譴責(zé)而不是縱容condemnratherthancondone(vts)something臭氧層ozonelayer肥沃的土壤fertilesoil貧瘠的土壤infertilesoil耕地arableland/farmlandGlobalization35)一個國家或者地區(qū)的)(nationalorregional)culturalidentity(名詞,即地區(qū)文化特征的)globalculturalhomogenization文化同一性(或者叫文化均質(zhì)性,名詞)culturalhomogeneity/culturaluniformityGlobalizationisatwo-edgesword.地球村theglobalvillage37)elderlypeopleseniorcitizensfamilybondsfamilytiesasenseofbelonging對...的依戀anattaenttosomething/anaffinityforsomething貧窮的家庭deprivedfamilies富裕的家庭affluentfamilies單親家庭single-parenthouseholdmistreat/家庭domestic上癮addictiontodrugs/beaddictedto1parenting2schooling3cultivate4awareness=sense=recognition5contributeto6motivation7to8affordsth9prevalent10journalist11thepress12coverage13misleading14dependable15to‐theminute16transform17advance18astaggeringrate19informationoverload20enhanceinnovation22technological munications bat=tackle=resolve=addressalleviate=ease26Investin=allocatemoneyto27authority28ban=forbid=prohibit29scrutinizeadminister=regulate31taxrevenue32obligation33broadenone’shorizon34 s35promote36localresidentslocalinhabitants37mutualunderstanding38enrichone’sexperience39theproliferation ysadominantrolein...41goextinct42lesser‐knownlanguage43thewidespreaduse44ancestors45descendants46time‐honored47culturalheritage48culturaldiversity49culturalidentity50ethnicminorities51thepaceof=thetempooflife52thegapbetweentheurbanareaandtheruralarea53inferior54facilities55alienated56materialistic57thepresent=thecurrent=thestatusquo5859impoverish60sweetrends61synthesizetheAsianandWesterncultures62erode63universal64adouble‐edgedsword65 66genderequality67discrimination68enlightenedsociety69householdchores70betieddownby71offspring72 alityclashes7374generationgap代溝75familybonds親情76harmonyn.和諧77crimes=offensen.=criminalacts78commitacrime79stringenta.嚴厲的80punishmentn.懲罰81thecrimerate=theincidence率ofcrime82rampanta.猖獗的83violatethelaw違法的84curbv.遏制(、污染等)85preservev.保護(某種資源,比如naturalresources或oldbuildings)保護人用protect86inhumanea.的87biodiversityn.生物多樣性88companionsn.伙伴recements=alternativesn.替代物(比如化妝品實驗用動物作替代物而不用人做實驗)90habitatn.棲91endangeredspecies92sustainabledevelopment93exploitnaturalresources94theecosystem95profoundimpact96conservev.節(jié)約=save97deterioratev.如果某種現(xiàn)象自身,就可以aggravate說它deteriorate,如果某種導(dǎo)致別的現(xiàn)象,就用aggravatesth.或者用98dischargev.排放(污染物99consume=depletev.消耗(資源100eco‐friendlya.101scarcityn.5分詞匯=30分cultivate=foster=nurturepromotethestudent’sphysical,mental(inlectual)andemotionaldevelopmentpsychologicalsoundness(orwell‐being/welfare)aptitude=talentability=skillschoolingupbringinggivethestudentsmotivationtodosth.=motivatethestudentstodosth.adolescents=youngsters=youthsImpart(orinculcate)knowledgeinstillhighmoralvalues(values復(fù)數(shù)表示價值觀)givethestudentsthought(orinspiration)parenting=upbringingteaching(orpedagogical)methodologyadapttosth.=adjustoneselfto eaccustomedtosth.adaptabilitystudents’grasp(orcommand)ofwhathasbeentaughtemployable(ormarketable)skills‐feedthestudentsStudentsshouldnotbetreatedaspassivereceptaclesofpredigestedideas.learnthingsbyrotememoriesformemorization’sownsakeasenseofobligationMemoriesequations,formulas,theoremsandlawsapplyfollowsth.blindly=followsth.indiscriminayentinguish=stifle=constraincreativitydampen(orsap)thestudents’enthusiasm=frustratethestudentsbeget(orcreate)unduepressuremouldone’scharactersegregatestudentspeerpressureadversecircumstance=adversityteamspiritthinkindependentlylearnthingsthroughunderstandingencouragethestudentstothinkcritically學(xué)生的反饋students’feedback=students’input學(xué)生評價老師的教學(xué)studentappraise=evaluatetheirteachers’performance各門功課總稱curriculum具體一門課的內(nèi)容syllabus課外活動extra‐curricularactivities學(xué)校是社會的Aschoolissocietyinminiature紀律indiscipline=misbehavior=mischief(n.)紀律的學(xué)生disruptive=unrulystudents理論知識theoreticalknowledge通才generalist專才specialist全面發(fā)展的well‐rounded=versatile為社會健康發(fā)展作貢獻contributetosocietalwell‐being(orwelfare)人文學(xué)科humanities社會科學(xué)socialsciencesartsliberalstudies=artssciencesengineering學(xué)科(統(tǒng)稱discipline基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科basicsciences應(yīng)用科學(xué)appliedsciences小(中、大)學(xué)教育primary‐level(orsecondary‐level/tertiary‐level)education職業(yè)教育vocationaleducation(ortraining)青少年youths=youngsters=adolescentsTechnology尖端的技術(shù)cutting‐edgedtechnology信息informationexplosion(overload)informationageorera)theproliferationoftheInternettechnologicalinnovationsorinventions/advances/progressions)提高效率augment(orenhance/boost)efficiency減少人力的機器labor‐savingmachinery取代人力的機器labor‐recingmachinery自動化automation/automated生物技術(shù)biotechnology克隆clone/cloning通 munications太空探索spaceexploration人的構(gòu)成one’sgeneticmakeup/DNAprogrammingMediacurrent界thepress印刷theprintmedia的機構(gòu)newsoutlets電子theelectronicmediaprevalent=ubiquitous=pervasivebeawashwith=beinundatewith=besaturatedwithsthcensor刪除delete=eliminate=excise過多的和內(nèi)容excessive(orgratuitous)violentand ographiccontents有誤導(dǎo)性的misleading=misrepresented=distorted性的fraudulent虛false=bogus非常詳盡的細節(jié)reportsth.ingraphicdetailmediahype夸大exaggeratethings=sensationalizethings=blowthingsoutofproportions公正客觀的objectiveandbalanceexpose=reveal=recover隱私violate(orintrudeon/infringeon)someone’sprivacy毀壞的名譽tarnish(orsully/smear/besmirch)one’sreputation狗仔隊paparazzi名人celebrities/thecelebrityscandals掩蓋coverup=glossover=whitewash不客觀的biased=skewed=unobjective如實的描述factualaccounts可信的reliable=trustworthy=dependable及時的up‐to‐date=up‐to‐the‐minute信息量大的informative性強的entertaining有價值的newsworthy道德準則codeofethnics=codeofconduct ernmentcitizens=thecitizenry規(guī)范,管理regulate=administer=oversee實施implementlegislate=makelaws嚴禁strictlyprohibit=banaltogether嚴格的法律stringentlaws(orlegislation)監(jiān)督scrutiny=scrutinize=monitor為。。。撥款allocatemoneytosth.=subsidize=beapatronof=investin=finance=fund=dedicatemoneytosth.預(yù)算budgettaxrevenue開支the spendingexpenditureonsth.削減curtail增加augment當務(wù)之急priority把。。。當作當務(wù)之急giveprioritytosth.責(zé)任responsibility=obligation缺乏遠見的政策short‐sighted惡性循環(huán)aviciouscircle地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素destabilizingfactors工人laid‐offworkers=downsizedworkers失業(yè)unemployment=joblessness基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Infrastructure公共交通系統(tǒng)publictransportsystem與開明的ademocraticandprogressive ernmentCulture保護preserve祖先forefathers=ancestors后代descendants=posterity民族團結(jié)theharmonybetweenethnicgroups(orraces)互相影響 ctionculturaldiversityenrichinsularorprovincial/mentalitydeprecate=denigrate=minimizetheimportanceof=disparage=discredit。。。不是一成不變的Sth.isnotsetcarvedinstone.Development生活節(jié)奏加速Thetempo/paceoflifehasaccelerated疲勞fatigue導(dǎo)致人與人之間的疏遠createalienationbetweenpeople交通堵塞trafficjams=trafficcongestion=gridlock阻礙impede=hinder=hamper=obstruct=inhibitpovertyalleviation貧窮needy=poverty‐stricken=impoverished=deprived=destitute=indigent富裕的affluent=wealthy=well‐off有特殊審美價值的老房oldbuildingsofspecialaestheticvalue有特殊歷史buildingsofhistoricsignificancebeautifythecities=betterthecityscape破舊的(房子)decrepit=rundown=rickety=dilapidated高樓high‐risebuilding=skyscrapers城鄉(xiāng)差距thedisparitybetweenthecityandthecountryside精神上的享受amusementandenjoyment抑郁癥depression失眠Sleeplessness=insomnia人炸populationexplosion=populationboom控制人口familycontrol=birthcontrol缺少運動的生活方式sedentarylifestyleGlobalization文化同一性globalculturalhomogenization=culturaluniformity=culturalhomogeneity全球化是