口腔麻醉與拔牙-課件

口腔局部麻醉與拔牙

Orallocalanesthesiaandextractionofteeth1PPT課件常用局麻藥物

LocalanestheticagentLidocaineProcaineBupivacaineTetracaine(dicaine)Articaine(碧蘭麻)2PPT課件口腔局部麻醉方法

表面麻醉superficialanesthesia浸潤麻醉infiltrationanesthesia阻滯麻醉blockanesthesiaorconductionanesthesia3PPT課件4PPT課件阻滯麻醉blockanesthesia上牙槽后神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever腭前神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofanteriorpalatinenever鼻腭神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofnasopalatinenerve眶下神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinfraorbitalnerve下牙槽神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinferioralveolarnerve舌神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaoflingualnerve頰神經阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofbuccalnerve5PPT課件6PPT課件7PPT課件8PPT課件上牙槽后神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever解剖標志:上頜結節(jié)進針點操作要點麻醉范圍9PPT課件腭前神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofanteriorpalatinenever解剖標志:腭大孔進針點操作要點麻醉范圍10PPT課件鼻腭神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofnasopalatinenerve解剖標志:切牙孔進針點操作要點麻醉范圍11PPT課件眶下神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofinfraorbitalnerve

解剖標志:眶下孔進針點操作要點麻醉范圍12PPT課件13PPT課件下牙槽神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofinferioralveolarnerve解剖標志:下頜孔進針點操作要點麻醉范圍14PPT課件15PPT課件16PPT課件舌神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaoflingualnerve進針點操作要點麻醉范圍17PPT課件頰神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofbuccalnerve進針點操作要點麻醉范圍18PPT課件上頜神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofmaxillarynerve

解剖標志:圓孔進針點操作要點翼腭管注射法顴下翼突注射法（顴弓、下頜切跡及翼外板為注射標志）麻醉范圍19PPT課件下頜神經阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofmandibularnerve

解剖標志:卵圓孔進針點操作要點麻醉范圍20PPT課件局部麻醉的并發(fā)癥和防治暈厥Swoon過敏反應Anaphylaxis中毒Toxication感染Infection血腫Hematoma注射針折斷Breakingtheneedle暫時性面癱Facialparalysis21PPT課件拔牙適應癥Extractionofteeth

IndicationSeverecariesPeridontitisⅢSevereapixDelayeddeciduousteethMultidentinemalposedImpactedteethTraumatismOrthodontictreatmentTeeththatarefociofinfectionExtractionfortreatment22PPT課件拔牙禁忌癥ContraindicationBloodydisease:hemophiliarefactoryanemialeukemiaCardiovasculardiseaseDiabetesmellitusHyperthyroidism:thyr-oidcrisisNephropathyHepatitisPregnancyandmenstruationAcuteinfectionMalignenttumor23PPT課件InstrumentsDentalforceps,elevator,chisel,Gingivalseperator,curette,mallet24PPT課件25PPT課件26PPT課件拔牙的基本步驟分離牙齦挺松牙齒安插牙鉗搖動或扭轉拔出拔牙創(chuàng)的處理Cautions27PPT課件各類牙拔除術阻生牙拔除牙根拔除28PPT課件拔牙創(chuàng)的愈合拔牙創(chuàng)出血及血塊形成15’血塊機化（24小時后~一周）骨組織的修復（第六天開始4周）上皮覆蓋拔牙創(chuàng)臨床意義29PPT課件拔牙術的并發(fā)