單選題選題技巧

單選題解題技巧

近幾年高考單項(xiàng)填空題總的命題特點(diǎn)可簡單歸納為：突出語境，強(qiáng)化語意，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用，因而試題的迷惑性、靈活性強(qiáng)，難度較大。它要求考生除具備扎實(shí)的英語語言功底外，還必須掌握針對此題型的一般解題方法。一、結(jié)構(gòu)還原法

題干設(shè)計(jì)者為增加試題的難度、干擾度，常對知識點(diǎn)進(jìn)行“變型”、“包裝”、“深度加工”，使題干復(fù)雜化、多元化，從而干擾解題人的思路。Someexamples:Isthisfactory_____youonceworkedin?A.whichB.thatC.theoneD.or2.Whenwasitinthelibrary_____youmethim?A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.which

析：還原為：Thisfactoryis____youonceworkedin.句中缺表語，補(bǔ)全為；Thisfactoryistheone(that/which)youonceworkedin.引導(dǎo)從句的that/which做賓語可省略。Isthisfactorytheoneyouworkedin?C析：做此題時(shí)，可“when”設(shè)想成一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間狀語“yesterday”，然后將句子變成陳述句:Itwasinthelibrary_____I(we)methimyesterday.這樣一來，此句便是強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語的強(qiáng)調(diào)句。B3.Howclever_____youtorefusehisinvitation!A.atB.forC.ofD.in4.Heisjustthepersonto____youcanturnforhelp.A.whomB.himC.whereD.it5.Ratherthan_____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers__abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding

析：這道題的陳述句是：Itwasclever____youtorefusehisinvitation.而“

Itis+clever/wise/foolish/kind/nice…+ofsb.todosth.”是一個(gè)固定句型。C析：如果大家對“turntosb.forhelp”這一結(jié)構(gòu)非常熟悉的話，那不難看出答案。A析：此題實(shí)際上是考查prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.這一固定結(jié)構(gòu)。C說明：對于這種題型，最好使用結(jié)構(gòu)還原法，把疑問句語序、倒裝語序變成陳述語序，將一些拆開的短語、固定搭配等還原為原結(jié)構(gòu)后，才能突出考查點(diǎn)，有正確的選擇方向。

同學(xué)們在日常學(xué)習(xí)中，對固定短語、固定搭配、常見句型、?？贾R點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化記憶，易形成一定的思維定勢，在做題時(shí)，往往不看上下文，不認(rèn)真審題，只憑主觀記憶去解題，從而落入了題目設(shè)計(jì)者的“陷阱”。二、克服思維定勢法Someexamples:Heissotiredthathecouldn’thelp____theheavyboxupstairs.A.carryingB.carriesC.carriedD.tocarry2.Dowhateveryoucould_____him.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpsD.helped

析：此句的正確意思是“他太累了以至于不能將這個(gè)箱子搬到樓上”，“couldnothelptodo”表示“不能”之意。D析：此題could后實(shí)際上省略了do,它與作目的狀語的“tohelp”毫無關(guān)系。B說明：遇到題目似曾相識時(shí)，要特別細(xì)心，認(rèn)真推敲是否有不同之處，從語法及語意兩方面下手，克服平時(shí)養(yǎng)成的思維定勢。三、化簡句子法

題目設(shè)計(jì)者為了增加題目的難度，常利用復(fù)合句、長句子復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)使題目復(fù)雜化，干擾做題人的視線及思維。1.Wehadtoworkattopspeedcarryingbucketsofwaterfromthekitchentopreventthefire,causedbythewindfromwindows,_____.A.inspreadingB.spreadC.fromspreadingD.beingspreading2.Johnplaysfootball____,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas

析：通過對句子分析，可將句子化簡為：Wehadtoworkattopspeedcarryingbucketsofwaterfromthekitchentopreventthefire_____.可以看出題目在考查preventsb./sth.fromdoing.C析：此題中的“ifnotbetterthan’應(yīng)視為插入語，若去掉不看，則此句是典型的同級比較句型，其主干是：JohnplaysfootballaswellasDavid.B說明：做此類題目時(shí)，應(yīng)把句子化簡，去掉次要部分，使之簡單化，從而找出句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)，明白題目的考點(diǎn)。四、把握關(guān)鍵詞法

題干的設(shè)計(jì)者在設(shè)計(jì)題目時(shí)，往往會在題目中有所暗示，即通過關(guān)鍵詞的設(shè)置來暗示題目的考查意圖。所以做單選題時(shí)，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀題干，吃透題干設(shè)計(jì)的意思，準(zhǔn)確尋找題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語。1.Themissingboywaslastseen______neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.tobeplay2.---CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?---I’mafraid_____dayispossible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any

析：本題考查學(xué)生對感官動詞“

see”的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，即sb.beseentodo/doing/done的結(jié)構(gòu)，從題目中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ast”。根據(jù)該詞可知題目的漢語意思為“人們最后一次看到失蹤的孩子時(shí)，他正在河邊玩?！?，可知側(cè)重動作當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生。

A析：此題中的畫線部分是解題的關(guān)鍵，“or”表明是兩者間的選擇，答案應(yīng)在A.B中，“afraid”有否定的含義。B說明：做此類題時(shí)，不可粗讀題目，貿(mào)然選擇答案，而要認(rèn)真觀察題目，尋找關(guān)鍵詞。

五、添加省略信息法1.TheOlympicGames,____in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1972.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying2.---Nacyisn’tcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promiseB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised

析：分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語可以改成定語從句。該題可看成：…(whichwas)firstplayedin776B.C.，這樣一改，選現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去便一目了然。C析：該題的答案是一個(gè)省略了時(shí)間狀語的感嘆句。若能依據(jù)情景及語意添加上如“yesterday”或“whenImether”等表示過去的時(shí)間短語，則不難選出正確答案。B說明：省略是語言運(yùn)用中很常見的現(xiàn)象。考題中句子成分的省略現(xiàn)象無疑加大了試題難度?？忌仨毻ㄟ^上下文理解，把制約題目答案的省略成分添加出來，才能正確答題。一、結(jié)構(gòu)還原法二、克服思維定勢法三、化簡句子法四、把握關(guān)鍵詞法

五、添加省略信息法MultiplechoiceIsthisthefactory____yourfatherworkedtenyearsago?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.what____electricityplayssuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented

CBAIthinkthewashingmachineforwhichI____4,000yuanis____themoney.A.spent;worthyB.cost;ofgoodvalueC.pay;worthD.paid;goodvaluefor5.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout6.Whodidtheteacherhave______anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow.A.writtenB.writingC.writeD.towriteDCC7.ThefellowIspoketo_____noansweratfirst.A.madeB.makeC.makingD.makes8.Timemustbemadeuseof_____yourlessonsbeforethecollegeentranceexamination.A.reviewingB.toreviewC.reviewedD.beingreviewed9.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportanttoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.IthinkwhichisABA10.---Erichasn’tarrivedyet.---Whatdoyousuppose____tohim?A.washappeningB.tobehappenedC.hashappenedD.havinghappened11.---Idon’tthinkyoucanjumpthathigh.---____,buttenyearsagoIcould.A.No,IcanB.Yes,IcanC.No,Ican’tD.Yes,Ican’t12.---Whichwouldyouratherhave,teaorcoffee?---___.Iamusedtodrinkingalittlemilkbeforegoingtobed.A.Sure;IwouldB.Yes,pleaseC.Yes,bothD.Neither,thankyouCCD13.---WhichonecanItake?---Youcantake____ofthem;I’llkeepnone.A.bothB.anyC.eitherD.all14.---Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheoffice.---____.A.Idon’tB.Iwon’tC.Ican’tD.Ihaven’t15.---_____.---Thankyou.Icertainlywill.A.Happybirthday.B.LetmehelpyouwithyourChinese.C.Pleaseremembermetoyourmum.D.Don’tforgettoposttheletterBDC16.---Arethereanystory-booksforusstudentsint