2022-2023學(xué)年江西省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體高三第二次聯(lián)考英語試卷（原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文）

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年江西省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體高三第二次聯(lián)考英語試卷（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）江西省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)九校協(xié)作體2023屆高三第二次聯(lián)考

英語試卷

第I卷選擇題（共100分）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanplantodo

A.Attendaconcert.B.Seeafilm.C.Watchagame.

2.Whatisthemandoing

A.Askingpermission.B.Offeringhelp.C.Findingthesmokingarea.

3.Whendidthewomancomebackhome

A.At8:00B.At10:00.C.At11:00.

4.Wheredoesthewomanwanttohavedinner

A.Attheman’shouse.

B.AttheRedRoseRestaurant.

C.AttheBlueMoonRestaurant.

5.Whatwillthewomando

A.Takeabath.B.Cookameal.C.Callherdad.

第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。

6.Howmuchwillthewomanpay

A.$200.B.$100.C.$400.

7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo

A.Walkthedogtwiceaday.

B.Feedthedogeverytwohours.

C.Getthedog’sregistrationpapers.

聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。

8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Bossandemployee.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.

9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow

A.Talkwiththewoman.B.Gototheairport.C.SeeMr.Brownoff.

聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。

10.What’sthewoman’strouble

A.Shearguedwithherclassmate.

B.Shehasdifficultygettingajob.

C.Shelacksfashionableclothes.

11.Whatshouldthewomandoaccordingtoherparents

A.Buysomenewclothes.B.Spendmoretimeonherstudy.C.Getapart-timejob.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman

A.Sheisthesamesizeashersister.

B.Shedoesn’twanttowearhersister’sclothes.

C.Shewillhaveatalkwithherparents.

聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。

13.Whydoesthewomancalltheman

A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.

B.Tohelphimbuysomefood.

C.Toaskhimtosendsomeinvitations.

14.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBen

A.HeisleavingFrance.B.Hehasbecomeateacher.C.Hewillworkforamagazine.

15.Whowillattendtheparty

A.Ben’steachers.B.Ben’sparents.C.Ben’sworkmates.

16.Whenwillthespeakersmeet

A.At8:45.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。

17.Whoisthespeaker

A.Brandon’smother.B.Acustomer.C.AnannounceratWal-Mart.

18.WherewasBrandonlastseen

A.Inthefrozenfoodssection.B.Inthesportinggoodssection.C.Inthetoyssection.

19.WhatisBrandonwearing

A.Awhiteshirtandaredbaseballcap.

B.Bluejeansandablackbaseballcap.

C.Adarkshirtandbluejeans.

20.WhatshouldcustomersdoiftheyseeBrandon

A.Callthesecuritydepartment.

B.TakehimtothePizzaHut.

C.Helphimtogettothesecuritydesk.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThecultureofnewspaperreadingintheUnitedKingdomstartedinthe19thcentury.Thenumberofthenewspaperscirculateddailypeakedduringtheearly21stcentury.Herearefourwell-knownones.

TheSun

TheSunisapopularnewspaper,whichwasestablishedin1964andboughtbyRupertMurdoch’sNewsInternationalCompanyin1969.ItisfilledwiththejokesaboutheadsofstateandmajoreventsbothinsideandoutsideBritainsuchasmayor’strousersnotbeingtiedproperly,politicianssleepingduringconferencesandsoon.Itslivelyandpopularstylejustmeetsthetasteofthelowerclasses.ThemajorityofTheSun’sreadersareintheagegroupof15-34years.Nowitsannualcirculationhasreached23,100,000copies.

Metro

Metroisafreetabloid(小報(bào))newspaperdistributedfromMondaytoFriday,whichwasestablishedin1999.MetroispublishedbyNMGgroupandisdistributedthroughouttheUnitedKingdom.Ithasgainedpopularityovertimeandalsohasadigitalplatform.Thefeaturessectioncoversavarietyofarticlesincludinglifestyle,home,science,andhealth.Thisvarietyofcontentattractsreadersfromvariouswalksoflife.

DailyMail

DailyMail,comparedtoTheSun,isalittlemoreserious.Itwasestablishedin1896.ReadingDailyMailcannotonlyunderstandmajorpoliticalandeconomicevents,butalsoreadsomerelaxingandhelpfulcontents.Well-knownforfemalefavoritetopics,itisextremelypopularwithmiddle-classhousewives.

TheGuardian

TheGuardianisaBritishdailynewspaperthatwasfoundedin1821inLondon,UK.TheGuardianreceivesaveragedailyreadersofabout1.03millionwith126,879indailynewspaperscirculated.Thepaperfocusesonpolitics,policy,business,andinternationalrelations.TheircoverageincludesNewsandOpinion,Sports,Culture,Lifestyle,Podcasts,andmore.

1.WhomaybethetargetreadersofTheSunaccordingtothetext

A.Elderlypeople.B.Middle-classmen.C.Lowerclasses.D.Scientists.

2.Whichnewspaperhastheshortesthistory

A.TheSun.B.DailyMail.C.TheGuardian.D.Metro.

3.WhichtopicisleastlikelytobecoveredinTheGuardian

A.WorldCupfinals.B.Joggingmethods.

C.Sino-Francerelations.D.Gossipnews.

【答案】1.C2.D3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四種報(bào)紙的情況。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itslivelyandpopularstylejustmeetsthetasteofthelowerclasses.(它活潑而流行的風(fēng)格正好符合下層階級的口味)”可知，《太陽報(bào)》的目標(biāo)讀者是下層階級。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheSun成立于1969年；Metro成立于1999年；DailyMail成立于1896；TheGuardian成立于1821年。故可知，Metro的歷史最短。故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thepaperfocusesonpolitics,policy,business,andinternationalrelations.TheircoverageincludesNewsandOpinion,Sports,Culture,Lifestyle,Podcasts,andmore.(報(bào)紙的重點(diǎn)是政治、政策、商業(yè)和國際關(guān)系。它們的報(bào)道包括新聞和觀點(diǎn)、體育、文化、生活方式、播客等)”可知，八卦新聞最不可能被《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道。故選D。

B

What’sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstrawMostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseeitasapileofwasteinafarmer’sfield.However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintoeye-catchingfunctionalartworks.

Strawweavingisamethodofmakingdailyitemsorartworksbybraidingstraw.Itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2023.Theearlieststraw-wovenproductswereunearthedatHemuduCulturalRuins,aNeolithic(新石器的)culturalsitelocatedinZhejiangprovince.TheBookofRites,oneoftheclassicalworksofConfucianism,alsorecordsthattherewerematsmadeofcattailgrass(香蒲)duringtheZhouDynasty.

Wuexplainstheprocessofstrawweaving:youneedtoselectthematerialsfirst,andthensketchthepieceonpaper,whichrequiresdrawingskills.Nextcomestheweaving,shapingandfinallythepreservingofthework.Evenbystickingtothatprocess,itdoesnotmeanthatyouwillalwayscreateagoodpieceofwork,andthehardestpartistomakeitlifelikeandsolid.

Wurecallsthat,whenshewasachild,wovenstrawitemscouldbefoundalmostineveryhouseholdinthecountryside,suchasstrawhatsandstrawshoes,becausetheywerepracticalineverydaylife.“Duetotheimpactofindustrialization,manufacturedgoodshavereplacedsuchproducts,whichprovidelowprofits,andthereareonlyabout100individualsengagingintheworkacrossthecountry,”shenotes.

Fromherperspective,strawweavingshouldrespondtopeople’sneedsandpreferences,whilestilldrawinginspirationfromtraditionalculture.“Forstrawweavingtoblossom,craftspeopleshouldmakejointeffortstograspthetrendsandopportunitiesofthetimestocreatenewandrelevantproducts,”shesays.

Whenaskedaboutherplans,Wusaysshelongstodigdeeperintolocaltraditionalcultureandcreateculturalcreativeproductsbymakingfulluseofthestrawweavingtechnique.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutstrawweavingaccordingtothetext

A.Strawweavingisawaytomakepricelessitemsorartworks.

B.OneofMencius’worksdocumentsthehistoryofstrawweaving.

C.IthasbeenaChineseintangibleculturalheritageforovertenyears.

D.TheearlieststrawweavingproductswerefoundatBanpoCulturalRuins.

5.Whichofthefollowingispartoftheprocessofstrawweaving

A.Shapingthestrawbeforeweavingit.B.Drawingtheworkonpaper.

C.Usingaspecialmachinetoprocessthematerial.D.Dryingthefreshwheat.

6.WhatcanbeinferredfromWu’swords

A.Chasingprofitsisthemainpurposeforcraftsmen.

B.Strawweavingartworkscanneglectpeople’sdemands.

C.Strawweavingskillsshouldkeeppacewiththetimes.

D.Strawweavinghasgainedinpopularityoverrecentyears.

7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear

A.Health.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Business.

【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了稻草編織技術(shù)，介紹了其歷史以及過程。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Strawweavingisamethodofmakingdailyitemsorartworksbybraidingstraw.Itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2023.(稻草編織是一種用稻草編織日常用品或藝術(shù)品的方法。2023年被列為國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))”可知，稻草編織被列為中國非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)已有十多年了。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wuexplainstheprocessofstrawweaving:youneedtoselectthematerialsfirst,andthensketchthepieceonpaper,whichrequiresdrawingskills.(吳解釋了稻草編織的過程：你需要先選擇材料，然后在紙上畫出草圖，這需要繪畫技巧)”可知，稻草編織過程的一部分包括把作品畫在紙上。故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Forstrawweavingtoblossom,craftspeopleshouldmakejointeffortstograspthetrendsandopportunitiesofthetimestocreatenewandrelevantproducts,”shesays.(她說:“為了讓草編蓬勃發(fā)展，工匠們應(yīng)該共同努力，把握時(shí)代的趨勢和機(jī)遇，創(chuàng)造出新的、相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品。”)”可推知，草編技術(shù)要與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Strawweavingisamethodofmakingdailyitemsorartworksbybraidingstraw.Itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2023.Theearlieststraw-wovenproductswereunearthedatHemuduCulturalRuins,aNeolithic(新石器的)culturalsitelocatedinZhejiangprovince.TheBookofRites,oneoftheclassicalworksofConfucianism,alsorecordsthattherewerematsmadeofcattailgrass(香蒲)duringtheZhouDynasty.(稻草編織是一種用稻草編織日常用品或藝術(shù)品的方法。2023年被列為國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。最早的草編產(chǎn)品出土于河姆渡文化遺址，這是位于浙江省的新石器時(shí)代文化遺址。儒家經(jīng)典著作之一的《禮記》也記載了在周朝有香蒲制成的席子)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了稻草編織技術(shù)，介紹了其歷史以及過程?？赏浦恼逻x自報(bào)紙的“文化”版面。故選B。

C

Weallknowthere’sgoodcholesterol(膽固醇)andbadcholesterol.Itturnsoutthere’sgoodandbadfat,too.Thegoodfatismedicallyknownasbrownfat.It’sgoodbecauseitburnscalories.Themorefamiliarfat,knownaswhitefat,storesupcaloriesandstubbornlyaccumulatesaroundwaistlinesandbottoms.

Scientistshaveknownaboutbrownfatfordecades.Smallmammalsandhumaninfants(嬰兒)havedepositsofitaroundtheirshoulderblades.Itgeneratesheatandhelpsmaintainthebody’scoretemperature.Recently,threestudiesintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinesuggestthatbrownfat—whichbecomesgraduallylesswithage—mightserveasawholenewwaytohelppeopleloseweight.“Wecalculatethatifyouhadthreeounces’worthofbrownfat,thatwouldbeenoughtoburnup400to500caloriesperday,”saysDr.AaronCypess,anauthorofoneofthenewstudies.

Thenewstudies,whichcomefromtheUniversityofMaastrichtintheNetherlands,studiedbrownfatactivityin24healthyyoungmen—10ofthemlean(瘦且健康的)andtheothersoverweight.Studysubjectsspenttwohoursinamildlychillyroom—16.1°C.ThentheyunderwentPETscansandCTscanstomeasurethelocationandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)activityofbrownfatdeposits.Brownfatshowedupas“hotspots”inthescansof23outofthe24volunteers.Theonewithnodetectablebrownfatwasthemostobese.

Theresearchersalsofoundthatexposuretochillytemperaturescausedanincreaseinthemetabolicrateofbrownfatintheirhealthyadultvolunteers.Theyfigurethatifawaycanbefoundtoactivatethetypicalperson’sstoresofbrownfat,itwillburnoffatleast9poundsofregularwhitefatayear.Sittingathomeat16°Cmaybeasimplewaytoachievethatandothercandidatetargetsarealreadyknown.

8.Whomayhavethemostbrownfataccordingtothetext

A.Anenergeticteenager.B.Amiddle-agedman.

C.Alovelybaby.D.Anoldwoman.

9.WhichstatementwillDr.AaronCypessprobablyagreewith

A.Itdoesn’ttakemuchbrownfattoburncalories.

B.Peoplearesupposedtofocusonlosingweight.

C.Whitefatmainlyaccumulatesaroundshoulderblades.

D.Smallmammalstakeadvantageofbrownfattobeatheat.

10.Whatdothestudiesmentionedinparagraph3show

A.Youngmenpreferbrownfattowhitefat.

B.Peoplebecomeoverweightforlackofbrownfat.

C.Thelocationofbrownfatdepositsishardtomeasure.

D.Obesepeoplemayhavelessbrownfatthanleanpeople.

11.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthenextparagraph

A.Benefitsofstayinginfreezingrooms.B.Waysofactivatingstoresofbrownfat.

C.Targetsofkeepingahealthyweight.D.Risksofeatingtoomuchheavyfood.

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了不同脂肪的類型以及棕色脂肪可以幫助人們減肥。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Scientistshaveknownaboutbrownfatfordecades.Smallmammalsandhumaninfants(嬰兒)havedepositsofitaroundtheirshoulderblades.(科學(xué)家們幾十年前就知道了棕色脂肪。小型哺乳動物和人類嬰兒的肩胛骨周圍有這種沉積物)”可知，一個(gè)可愛的嬰兒的棕色脂肪最多。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Wecalculatethatifyouhadthreeounces’worthofbrownfat,thatwouldbeenoughtoburnup400to500caloriesperday,”saysDr.AaronCypess,anauthorofoneofthenewstudies.(其中一項(xiàng)新研究的AaronCypess博士說：“我們計(jì)算出，如果你有三盎司的棕色脂肪，那就足以每天燃燒400到500卡路里。”)”可知，AaronCypess認(rèn)為燃燒卡路里不需要很多棕色脂肪。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenewstudies,whichcomefromtheUniversityofMaastrichtintheNetherlands,studiedbrownfatactivityin24healthyyoungmen—10ofthemlean(瘦且健康的)andtheothersoverweight.Studysubjectsspenttwohoursinamildlychillyroom—16.1°C.ThentheyunderwentPETscansandCTscanstomeasurethelocationandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)activityofbrownfatdeposits.Brownfatshowedupas“hotspots”inthescansof23outofthe24volunteers.Theonewithnodetectablebrownfatwasthemostobese.(荷蘭馬斯特里赫特大學(xué)的這項(xiàng)新研究對24名健康年輕男性的棕色脂肪活動進(jìn)行了研究，其中10名是瘦子，其余的是超重的。研究對象在16.1°C的微冷房間里待了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。然后，他們接受了PET掃描和CT掃描，以測量棕色脂肪沉積物的位置和代謝活動。在24名志愿者中，有23人的掃描結(jié)果顯示棕色脂肪是“熱點(diǎn)”。沒有檢測到棕色脂肪的人是最肥胖的)”可推知，第3段提到的研究表明肥胖的人可能比瘦人有更少的棕色脂肪。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyfigurethatifawaycanbefoundtoactivatethetypicalperson’sstoresofbrownfat,itwillburnoffatleast9poundsofregularwhitefatayear.Sittingathomeat16°Cmaybeasimplewaytoachievethatandothercandidatetargetsarealreadyknown.(他們認(rèn)為，如果能找到一種方法來激活普通人儲存的棕色脂肪，那么每年至少會燃燒掉9磅的普通白色脂肪。坐在16°C的家中可能是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的簡單方法，其他候選目標(biāo)已經(jīng)知道)”可推知，下一段將討論激活棕色脂肪儲存的方法。故選B。

D

Nexttimeyou’rehavingtroublesolvingatrickypuzzle,consideraskinganearbybumblebee.AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates(無脊椎動物)haveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall“culture.”

“Nobody’sreallythoughtthatinvertebrateslikebumblebeesshowevidenceofculture,”saysAliceBridges,anecologistatAngliaRuskinUniversity.“Peopleassumethatthey’remostlydrivenbyinbornfactors.”Bridgessetouttoprovethemwrong.Tostudycultureinbumblebees,shefirstdrilledsomebeestosolvepuzzleboxes.Shetrainedsomebeestohead-butttheredswitchtogetthesugarwaterandtrainedotherstopushtheblueswitch.Then,Bridgesplacedthesetutorbeesintodifferentcolonies,alongwiththepuzzleboxes.

Itwasn’tallfunandgames:Bridgesgotstungmultipletimesandthefourthstingsenthertothehospital.Bridgespersevered,however,andtheexperimentultimatelyplayeditselfout.Incolonieswherethetutorbeehadlearnedtopushtheredswitch,theotherbeesusuallypushedtheredswitch.Incolonieswherethetutorbeewastrainedtopushtheblueswitch,theirfellowbeestendedtodothesame.Inthecontrolcolonieswheretherewerenotutors,thebeessometimeslearnedhowtoopentheboxes,butneverasefficientlyorreliably.

Theconclusion,Bridgesandhercolleaguesreportintheirnewstudytoday,isthatbumblebeescantransmitcertainbehaviors—culturally.“Maybecultureisn’tthatunusual,”shesays.“Maybeit’snotsomepinnacle(頂峰)ofcognitionthatonlyafewspecieshave.”

“Manyofusconsiderourselvesspecialbecausewehavecultureandwecanlearn,”saysJessicaWare,anentomologist.“Thetruthisthatallwehavefoundaboutanimalculturemeansthathumanculture,oncethoughtunique,didnotappear‘outoftheblue’buthasobviouslybuiltondeepevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)foundations.”

12.Howdidthebumblebeesgetthesugarwaterfromthepuzzleboxes

A.Bypressingabutton.B.Bysolvingwordpuzzles.

C.Byburstingopentheboxes.D.Byturningtheboxesupsidedown.

13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexperiment

A.Itcontradictstheformerresearch.B.Itshowsthatcultureisuniquetohumans.

C.Ithasreceivedwiderecognition.D.IthasbroughtBridgesmuchtrouble.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“outoftheblue”inthelastparagraphmean

A.Slowly.B.Suddenly.C.Endlessly.D.Regularly.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A.CanInsectsHaveCulture

B.CanNewCultureBeCreated

C.HowDoBumblebeesTutorPeers

D.HowWillInvertebrateStudyBeExpanded

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明不起眼的昆蟲實(shí)際上可以相互學(xué)習(xí)解決難題，也就是說一些無脊椎動物也有我們?nèi)祟愃^的“文化”能力。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tostudycultureinbumblebees,shefirstdrilledsomebeestosolvepuzzleboxes.Shetrainedsomebeestohead-butttheredswitchtogetthesugarwaterandtrainedotherstopushtheblueswitch.(為了研究大黃蜂的文化，她首先訓(xùn)練一些蜜蜂來解決謎題盒子。她訓(xùn)練一些蜜蜂用頭撞紅色開關(guān)來獲得糖水，訓(xùn)練其他蜜蜂按藍(lán)色開關(guān)。)”可知，蜜蜂可以通過撞開關(guān)來獲得糖水。故選A。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Itwasn’tallfunandgames:Bridgesgotstungmultipletimesandthefourthstingsenthertothehospital.(這并不都是樂趣和游戲：Bridges被叮了好幾次，第四次被叮把她送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)給Bridges帶來了一些麻煩。故選D。

【14題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“buthasobviouslybuiltondeepevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)foundations.(而是顯然建立在深刻的進(jìn)化基礎(chǔ)之上的)”中的“but”可知此處是not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是……而是……”，下文說的是文化是進(jìn)化而來的，即不是突然出現(xiàn)的，由此可判斷，劃線單詞指的是“突然出現(xiàn)”。選項(xiàng)A“Slowly(緩慢地)”；選項(xiàng)B“Suddenly(突然)”；選項(xiàng)C“Endlessly(不斷地)”；選項(xiàng)D“Regularly(有規(guī)律地)”。故選B。

15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates(無脊椎動物)haveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall“culture.”(發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書館·生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些不起眼的昆蟲實(shí)際上可以相互學(xué)習(xí)解決難題，這表明即使是一些無脊椎動物也有我們?nèi)祟愃^的“文化”能力。)”以及最后一段“Thetruthisthatallwehavefoundaboutanimalculturemeansthathumanculture,oncethoughtunique,didnotappear‘outoftheblue’buthasobviouslybuiltondeepevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)foundations.(事實(shí)是，我們對動物文化的所有發(fā)現(xiàn)都意味著，曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為獨(dú)一無二的人類文化并不是“突然出現(xiàn)”的，而是顯然建立在深刻的進(jìn)化基礎(chǔ)之上的。)”可知，文章主要介紹的是昆蟲也是有文化的。所以“CanInsectsHaveCulture(昆蟲能有文化嗎？)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whatadumbthingtosay!Ofcoursetheydon'tlikeyou.Thiskindofnegativeself-talkcangetinthewayofcreatingstrongrelationshipswithyourselvesandothers.Luckily,hereareafewwaystoquietthosevoices.

Talktoyourselfthewayyouwouldtalktoafriend

Whenyoudisparage(貶低)yourlooksorcriticizeyourdecisions,you’renotgivingyourselvesthecarethatyouwouldgiveothers.___16___.Usethesamegentlelanguagethatyoudowithyourlovedoneswithyourselves.

Monitorandcollectevidence

___17___.Monitorwhatkindofnegativeself-talkyou’rehavingandnoticehowthosenegativethoughtpatternswork.Onceyounoticethatyou’retellingyourselfnot-so-nicestories,collectevidenceonwhetherthosethingsareactuallytrue.

Spendlesstimeonsocialmedia

Peopletendtoturntosocialmediaformentalhealthadvice.___18___,butsometimesitmakesyoucriticizeyourself.Thus,youareadvisedtotakedownhowmuchtimeyouspendonsocialmediaandwhatkindofinformationyou’reconsuming.

___19___

Moreoftenthannot,youfeellikepeoplearepayingmoreattentiontousthantheyactuallyare.Ifyoufeelstuck,tryobservingtheworldaroundyou.Anythingthatreallyconnectsyoutosomethingbiggercanbeareallyhelpfulwaytoshiftyourviewsothatyou’renotsofocusedonyourself.

Adopta“growthmindset”

Considereverylossaspartofyourlearningprocess.Let’ssayyoulosearoundofpool.Thosewithafixedmindsetmaysay:I’llnevergetgoodatthis!Growth-mindedpeoplebelievethateffortcanleadtomastery:Hey!I’mgettingalotbetteratputtingsomepowerbehindtheball!___20___.

A.Thinkofyourselfless

B.Itcanfeelupliftingatfirst

C.Itmayhelpclearupanyassumptions

D.Surroundyourselfwithpositiveinfluences

E.It’sallaboutfindingtherightperspective

F.Youhavetobeawareofhowthatmeanvoiceoperates

GTryreplacingthatnegativeinnervoicewithakinderone

【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.A20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。消極的自我對話會阻礙你與自己和他人建立牢固的關(guān)系。文章介紹了一些可以消除消極的自我對話的方法。

【16題詳解】

上文“Whenyoudisparage(貶低)yourlooksorcriticizeyourdecisions,you’renotgivingyourselvesthecarethatyouwouldgiveothers.(當(dāng)你貶低自己的外表或者批評自己的決定時(shí)，你并沒有給予自己像別人那樣的關(guān)心。)”指出你貶低自己，這說明你對自己很消極，下文“Usethesamegentlelanguagethatyoudowithyourlovedoneswithyourselves.(用你對你所愛的人所用的同樣溫和的語言來對待你自己。)”指出要用溫柔的語言來對待自己，由此可知，空處承上啟下，指出我們不應(yīng)該用消極的看法對待自己，G項(xiàng)“試著用一個(gè)善良的聲音代替那個(gè)消極的內(nèi)心聲音”符合，其中“negativeinnervoice”呼應(yīng)上文的“disparage(貶低)yourlooksorcriticizeyourdecisions”，“akinderone”呼應(yīng)下文“thesamegentlelanguage”，故選G。

【17題詳解】

本段小標(biāo)題“Monitorandcollectevidence(監(jiān)控和收集證據(jù))”可知，本段指出對自己的消極的看法要進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和收集證據(jù)，下文“Monitorwhatkindofnegativeself-talkyou’rehavingandnoticehowthosenegativethoughtpatternswork.(監(jiān)控你正在進(jìn)行的消極的自我對話，注意這些消極的思維模式是如何工作的。)”具體描述了要如何監(jiān)控消極的自我，空處引起下文，指出我們要知道消極的自我是如何運(yùn)作的，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“你必須意識到那種刻薄的的聲音是如何運(yùn)作的?！狈?，故選F。

【18題詳解】

上文“Peopletendtoturntosocialmediaformentalhealthadvice.(人們傾向于在社交媒體上尋求心理健康方面的建議。)”指出人們傾向于在社交媒體上尋求心理健康方面的建議。下文“butsometimesitmakesyoucriticizeyourself.(但有時(shí)會讓你批評自己。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了人們在社交媒體尋求心里方面建議的不好之處，由but可知，空處和下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，同時(shí)承接上文，應(yīng)該指出人們在社交媒體上尋求心里方面建議的好處，B項(xiàng)“一開始會覺得很振奮人心”符合，故選B。

【19題詳解】

此處是本段小標(biāo)題，由下文“Moreoftenthannot,youfeellikepeoplearepayingmoreattentiontousthantheyactuallyare.Ifyoufeelstuck,tryobservingtheworldaroundyou.Anythingthatreallyconnectsyoutosomethingbiggercanbeareallyhelpfulwaytoshiftyourviewsothatyou’renotsofocusedonyourself.(通常情況下，你會覺得人們對我們的關(guān)注比實(shí)際上更多。如果你感到困惑，試著觀察你周圍的世界。任何把你和更重要的事情聯(lián)系起來的事情都可以幫助你改變你的觀點(diǎn)，這樣你就不會那么專注于你自己。)”可知，本段告訴我們要少關(guān)注于你自己，A項(xiàng)“少想想你自己”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選A。

【20題詳解】

上文“Let’ssayyoulosearoundofpool.Thosewithafixedmindsetmaysay:I’llnevergetgoodatthis!Growth-mindedpeoplebelievethateffortcanleadtomastery:Hey!I’mgettingalotbetteratputtingsomepowerbehindtheball!(假設(shè)你輸了一局。那些有著固定心態(tài)的人可能會說：我永遠(yuǎn)也做不好這個(gè)！有成長意識的人相信努力可以導(dǎo)致精通：嘿！我越來越擅長在球后施加力量了！)”指出當(dāng)輸了一局時(shí)，不同的人會有不同的心態(tài)，空處承接上文，指出我們要找到正確的心態(tài)，E項(xiàng)“重要的是找到正確的觀點(diǎn)”，故選E。

第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Wintergoesandsummercomes.Thetides___21___;thetideswithdraw.AllnatureisacircleofmoodsandIama___22___ofnature.Itisoneofnature’s___23___,littleunderstood,thateachdayI___24___withmoodsthathavechangedfromyesterday.Insidemeisawheel,___25___turning.Liketheflowers,today’sfullblossomwill___26___,yetIwillremembertoday’sdeadflowercarriestheseedoftomorrow’sblossom.

AndhowwillImastertheseemotionssothateachdaywillbe___27___Treesandplantsdependontheweatherto___28___,butImakemyownweather.I___29___itwithme.IfIbringenthusiasmtomycustomers,theywill____30____withenthusiasmandmyweatherwillproduceaharvestofsalesandalotofgoldforme.Iwilllearnthissecret:weakishewhopermitshisthoughtstocontrolhisactions;strongishewho____31____hisactionstocontrolhisthoughts.EachdayIwillfollowthisplanofbattlebeforeIam____32____bytheforcesofsadness,____33____andfailure.Iwillknowonlythosewithinferior(較次的)abilitycanalwaysbe____34____,andIamnotinferior.IfIfeeldepressedIwillsing.IfIfeel____35____Iwillremembermygoals.Yet,someemotionsapproachmewithasmile,whichcanalsodestroyme.IfIbecomeoverlyproud,Iwillremembermyweaknesses.IfIfeelmyskillis____36____,Iwilllookatthestars.

WiththisnewknowledgeIwillmake____37____ofaperson’sangeroftoday,forhedoesn’tknowthesecretofcontrollinghismind.NolongerwillIjudgeamanonone____38____.Thissecretwillbemykeytogreatwealth.FromthismomentIam____39____tocontrolwhateverpersonalityawakesinmeeachday.Iwillcontrolmyfate,whichistobecomethegreatest____40____intheworld!

21A.advanceB.disappearC.existD.fall

22.A.nativeB.colleagueC.supporterD.part

23.A.jokesB.secretsC.experiencesD.awards

24.A.breakinB.wakeupC.takeoffD.giveout

25.A.constantlyB.temporarilyC.casuallyD.elegantly

26.A.appearB.blowC.fadeD.spread

27.A.anxiousB.naturalC.additionalD.productive

28.A.sowB.growC.separateD.shelter

29.A.foldB.followC.carryD.load

30.A.reactB.reviewC.reciteD.repeat

31.A.obtainsB.regardsC.allowsD.observes

32.A.chosenB.seizedC.receivedD.witnessed

33.A.self-awarenessB.self-controlC.self-esteemD.self-pity

34.A.behindthesceneB.onthebottomlineC.attheendoftheropeD.outofsight

35.A.insignificantB.improperC.impoliteD.unconscious

36.A.concreteB.inadequateC.abstractD.unmatched

37.A.useB.funC.sureD.sense

38.A.viewB.meetingC.experimentD.idiom

39.A.limitedB.reservedC.preparedD.afraid

40.A.salesmanB.playerC.architectD.designer

【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A36.D37.D38.B39.C40.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章認(rèn)為冬去春來，潮起潮落。自然界萬物都在循環(huán)往復(fù)的變化中，而我們能做的只有學(xué)會控制自己的情緒才能讓自己的一生有所成效。

【21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：潮起潮落。A.advance提高、前進(jìn)；B.disappear消失；C.exist存在；D.fall倒下。根據(jù)上文“Wintergoesandsummercomes.”中的“goes”和“comes”可知，空處和下文動詞“withdraw”相反，指的是浪潮前行。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自然界萬物都在循環(huán)往復(fù)的變化中，我也是其中一部分。A.native本地人；B.colleague同事；C.supporter支持者；D.part部分。根據(jù)常理推測，每個(gè)人都是天地萬物的一部分。故選D。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是大自然的一個(gè)秘密，很少有人窺破天機(jī)：每天我醒來時(shí)，不再有舊日的心情。A.jokes笑話；B.secrets秘密；C.experiences經(jīng)歷；D.awards獎勵(lì)。根據(jù)上文“Wintergoesandsummercomes.Thetides___1___;thetideswithdraw.AllnatureisacircleofmoodsandIama___2___ofnature.”可知，這是自然發(fā)展的秘密，沒有人知道原因。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這是大自然的一個(gè)秘密，很少有人窺破天機(jī)：每天我醒來時(shí)，不再有舊日的心情。A.breakin破門而入；B.wakeup醒來；