專四詞匯與語法匯總

專四輔導系列之叢書系列語法練習英語專四語法與詞匯練習題111.Firstpublishedin1927,thechartsremainan_______sourceforresearchers.AintelligentBindispensableCinevitableDidentical2.Please___dictionarieswhenyouarenotsureof____wordspellingormeaning.AsearchBseekCinquireDconsult3.It____youtoatleast50%offtheregularpriceofeitherframesorlenseswhenyoubuyboth.AcreditsBentitlesCpresentsDtips4.The__atthemilitaryacademyissorigidthatstudentscanhardlybearit.AconfinementBconventionCdisciplineDprinciple5.Doctorswarnedagaisntchewingtobaccoasa_____forsmoking.AsuccessionBsubstituteCrevivalDrelief答案1-5BDBCB1.選Bindispensabletodosth,indispensableforsth/doingsth不可缺少的,必需的inevitable不可避免的，必然發(fā)生的identical同一的,identicalto/withsb/sth與……完全相同的2.選Dconsultwithsb與某人商量,consult查閱3.選Bentitlesbtosth(用于被動語態(tài))給某人獲得某事物或權(quán)利4.選Cdiscipline訓練方式,處罰confinement限制，監(jiān)禁convention大會5.選Bsubstitute代替,替用品revival恢復，蘇醒英語專四語法與詞匯練習題121.Shemanagedtosave__shecouldoutofherwagestohelpherbrother.AhowlittlemoneyBsolittlemoneyCsuchlittlemoneyDwhatlittlemoney2.Thestatuewouldbeperfectbutforafewsmall__initsbase.AmistakesBweaknessCflawsDerrors3.Themorningnewssaysaschoolbus__withatrainatthejunctionandagroupofpolicmenweresentthereimmediately.AbumpedBcollidedCcrashedDstruck4.Thescreamingofawoman____ourattentionback_____theTVprogram.Apaid...atBgot...onCcalled...toDdrew...over5.Thistyperwriteris____yourservice.AatBinConDunder答案解析：1.選D.whatlittle+n表"所僅有的"2.選Cflaw"缺陷，瑕疵，裂痕"Thereisonlyaflawinhisargument.mistake和error強調(diào)的是"錯誤"，weakness"弱點"3.選Bcollide碰撞，撞Thetwocarscollided,butluckilynoonewasseriouslyhurt.strike打，襲擊，攻擊Hestrucktheboyaviolentblow.bump碰，沖撞，偶遇Ibumpedintoanoldfriendofmineontheroad.crash碰撞，墜落Thecarcrashedintoatree.4.選Ccall(draw)one'sattentionto將某人的注意力吸引到……payattentionto注意，重視Pleasepayattentiontoyourspellings.5.選Aatone'sservice聽候某人吩咐，聽憑某人使用.(其他沒有如此搭配)英語專四語法與詞匯練習題131.Wearewritingtothemanager__therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.AwiththeexceptionBwiththepurposeofCwithreferencetoDwithaviewto2.Thenthespeaker__thevariousfactorsleadingtothepresenteconomiccrisis.AwentafterBwentintoCwentforDwenton3.Theoryisbasedonpracticeand__servesandguidespractice.AinturnBbyturnsCinreturnDtakingturns4.Wehadn’trealizedthattherewouldbeapowercutsowewereastonishedwhenthewholehousewas__intodarkness.AdroppedBdivedCdrownedDplunged5.Theschoolcommitteenaturallyhopethattheirchoiceofplaywillbe__withtheschoolandparents.AcontentBpleasedCfavorableDpopular1-5CBADD1.選Cwithreferenceto關(guān)于，根據(jù)Withaviewto以……為目標，指望于2.選Bgointo討論，議論，詳述Theywentintoitforseveralhours,withoutmuchsatisfactiononeitherside.gofor襲擊，抨擊Hisopponentwentforhimwhenhisbackwasturned.我要收藏goon進行，發(fā)生Ifyouneverreadnewspaper,you’llneverknowwhat’sgoingonintheworld.3.選Ainturn依次，反過來Theyspeakinturn.inreturn作為回報Ihelpedherrepairherbike,andshetreatedmetoacupofcoffeeinreturn.byturns輪流Theylaughedandcriedbyturns.taketurns(at)doingsth輪流做某事Thethreebrotherstookturns(at)lookingaftertheirmother.4.選Dplungeinto陷于某種狀態(tài)Thecountrywasplungedintoawar.5.選Dbepopularwith受到……的喜愛becontentwith對某事感到滿足Wearenotcontentwithourpresentachievement.bepleasedwith對……感到滿意，高興Iamverypleasedwithhehasdone.Favorable順利的，有利的Theweatherisfavorabletousforastart.來英語專四語法與詞匯練習題141.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand__himofspeed.AchargedBaccusedCblamedDwarned2.Thepublicopinionwasthatthetimewasnot__fortheelectionofsucharadicalcandidateasMr.Jones.AreasonableBripeCreadyDpractical3.Themanagingdirectortookthe__fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.AguiltBblameCchargeDaccusation4.Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother__hecouldspeakFrench.AsincethatBinthatCatthatDsothat5.Veryfewscientists__completelynewanswerstotheworld’sproblems.AcomeupwithBcomeoutCcomeroundDcomeupto答案1-5BBBBA1、Baccuseof指控某人犯……罪Hewasaccusedofcorruption.chargewith指控某人犯……罪Hewaschargedwithnegligenceofduty.blamesbfor因……埋怨，責怪Movieshavebeenblamedforthecrimewave.warnsbof警告，告戒某人Hewaswarnedofthedanger.2、Bripe引申為“時機成熟的，準備好的”Iwon’ttellherthenewsuntilthetimeisripeforit.readyfor做好準備的Areyoureadyforthejourney?3、Btaketheblameforsth對某事負責，內(nèi)疚Wearereadytotaketheblameforthat.4、Binthat由于，因為Humanbeingsaresuperiortoanimalsinthattheycanuselanguageasatooltocommunicate.5、Acomeupwith提出，提供Heclaimedtohavebeenthefirsttocomeupwiththateout出現(xiàn)，顯露，出版，發(fā)表Whenwillhisnewbookcomeout?comeround/around順便來訪，改變主意Hewillnevercomeroundtoourwayofeupto達到，符合OnlyinthiswaywillyoucomeuptotheParty’sexpectations.英語專四語法與詞匯練習題151.Thepoliticalfutureofthepresidentisnowhangingbya__.AthreadBcordCstringDrope2.Thequestionisstill__discussion.AinBbyCforDunder3.Wemanagedtoreachthetopofthemountain,andhalfanhourlaterwebeganto__.AascendBdescendCdeclineDplunge4.Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust__thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.AimproveBenhanceCguaranteeDgear5.Therehasbeena__lackofcommunicationbetweentheunionandthemanagement.AregretfulBregrettableCregrettingDregretted答案：1-5ADBDB1.選A四個選項都有“繩索”這個意思，但只有thread和hangby構(gòu)成習語：hangbyathread千鈞一發(fā)，危在旦夕2.選Dbe+prep+n(表動作的名詞)來表示“被動”而underdiscussion是習慣搭配3.選Bdescend指人，物體從某一高度/斜面上“下來/降”O(jiān)nturningthecorner,wesawthattheroaddescendedsharply.decline強調(diào)權(quán)利，繁榮，成就，健康狀況，體力，記憶，數(shù)量的“減少，衰落”Hisinfluencedeclinedafterhelosttheelection.ascend漸漸上升，descend的反義詞。Wewatchedtheballoonascendhigherandhigher.plunge使突然前傾或下降Thesuddenapplicationofthebrakesplungedhimforward.enhance增加，提高Themoonlightenhancedthebeautyofthescene.4.選Dgearto使……適合，配合Wemustgeartheamountofproductswemaketotheincreaseinpublicdemand.現(xiàn)在來分析題目.題中的To……,是目的狀語.而we是主語,gear.to是謂語,而thequalitiesandvarietiesofproducts是賓語,而wemake是來修飾這個賓語的,theworld-marketdemand是賓補.句子的大致意思就是說我們必須根據(jù)市場的需求制造商品,才能在市場上立足.5選Bregrettable可惜的regretful后悔的，抱歉的英語專四語法與詞匯練習題161.Ihavenodoubtthat__allofthesepeopleweretaughtinschoolthattheearthrevolvesaroundthesun.AvirtuallyBremarkablyCideallyDpreferably2.Thestorythatfollows__twofamouscharactersoftheRockyMountaingoldrushdays.AconcernsBstatesCproclaimsDrelates3.Tom__betterthantoaskDickforhelp.AshallknowBshouldn’tknowChasknownDshouldhaveknown4.Theschoolmaster__thegirl’sbraveryinhisopeningspeech.AapplaudedBenhancedCelevatedDclapped5.TheheadoftheMuseumwas__andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.ApromisingBagreeingCpleasingDobligingKeys:1-5AADAD1.選Avirtually實際上,幾乎VirtuallythequeenrulestheKingdominsteadoftheKing.2.選Aconcern“關(guān)于”=beabout.Thisstoryconcernsagoodgirlandawickedfairy.state陳述,敘述Thebookstatesthecaseforwomen’srightsveryclaim宣布,宣告Theringingbellsproclaimedthenewsofthebirthoftheprince.3.選Dknowbetterthantodosth明白事理而不至于……Yououghttoknowbetterthantogoswimmingonsuchacoldday.4.選Aapplaud稱贊，贊許Theteacherapplaudedhisbravespirit.enhance提高，增強，clap鼓掌。Elevate舉起，提高Thefreshmorningairelevatedhim.5.選Dobliging樂于助人的，有禮貌的TheUnitedStatesandAustraliawerenotsoobliging.ThetwocountriesbannedtheimportofBritishbeefasearlyas1988.英語專四語法與詞匯練習題171.Wemustn’trelaxourvigilance___.AintheleastBatleastCatmostDintheend2.Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew__fromthenovel.ApiecesBessaysCfragmentsDextracts3.Buttheyaslo__beyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ApassBreachCgoDset4.Howhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentact__eachother.AuponBforCasDto5.Themerefact__mostpeoplebelievenuclearwarwouldbemadnessdoesnotmeanthatitwillnotoccur.AwhatBwhichCthatDwhy答案1-5ADCAC1.選A①intheleast絲毫，一點Theydon’tinleastunderstandthis.②intheend最后，終于Intheendtheyreachedtheirdestinationbeforedusk.③atleast至少④atmost至多2.選D①extract做節(jié)錄，引文，選段Heappliedtothepublisherforpermissiontoreprintanextract.②fragment碎片，斷片，(文藝作品等的)殘存部分Libertyandcivilizationareonlyfragmentsofrightswrungfromthestronghandsofwealthandbooklearning.③essay散文，小品文，隨筆，短文，評論3.選Cgobeyond超過，超出Theseissuesgobeyondtherangeoflanguagestudy.而set和pass，reach不與beyond搭配。4.選A①actupon作用于Thisdrugactupon(on)thenerves.②actas作為……而作出反應(yīng)，充當Hisjobwastoactasalinkbetweenthegovernmentandthepress.③workat從事Shehadbeenwonderingwhatsheshouldworkatinordertogainherdoctorate.5.選C從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，fact后接的是同位語從句。英語專四語法與詞匯練習題181.Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin__withhisincome.AcomparisonBproportionCassociationDcalculation2.ThePresidentmadehislastpublic__beforehistermofofficeended.AappearanceBengagementCgatheringDmeeting3.Thereisnomuchtimeleft,soI’lltellyouaboutit__.AindetailBinbriefCinshortDinall4.Thepopulationisleveling__intheareaasaresultoffamilyplanning.AwithBoffCupDagainst5.Therainwasheavyand__thelandwasflooded.AconsequentlyBcontinuouslyCconstantlyDconsistently答案：1-5AABBA1.選A①incomparisonwith與……比較起來(可比相同點或不同點)ThetallestbuildingsinLondonaresmallincomparisonwiththoseofNewYork.②inproportionto與……成比例Theinsolenceofthevulgarisinproportiontotheirignorance:theytreateverythingwithcontemptwhichtheydonotunderstand.③inassociationwith與……聯(lián)合，與……共同Theyfinishedtheworkinassociationwiththeirfriends.2.選Amakeone’slastappearance最后一次露面3.選B①inbrief簡短地，簡言之This,inbrief,istheanswertotheargument.②inshort總之，用在表總結(jié)的場合Youcan’tmakeme!Iwon’tdoit!Inshort,no!4.選B①leveloff達到平衡，穩(wěn)定Pricesleveledoffaftertheinflationended.②levelwith和……一樣，坦率誠實地對待Sheleveledwithhimandfeltbetterforit.③levelup使……升高，到同一個平面上，提高Weshouldleveltheoutputofourfactoryuptothatoftheadvanced.④levelagainst對某人提出(控告)Someofthecriticismsleveledagainstusarenotaltogetherfair.5.選A根據(jù)句子的意思，可以看出and前后表因果關(guān)系，所以選consequently表因此。英語專四語法與詞匯練習題19TestNineteen表語從句中的虛擬語氣如果句中主語的中心名詞是suggestion,proposal,order,request,recommendation等，那么后面的表語從句一般要使用虛擬語氣，其謂語形式為：(should)+動詞原形。Hismotionisthatweshouldholdanothersessiontodiscusstheproblem.Myproposalwasthatwecanceltheexaminationandassignthestudentstowritetermpapersinstead.近義詞辨析beam,shine,glitter,flash,glow這組詞均含有“亮光”的意思。beam指由燈塔，日月等發(fā)出的“光束，光柱”，又可比喻高興的表情或微笑。shine表示通過磨擦等手段達到的“光亮”。glitter指輝煌或燦爛的“光輝”，其光源主要為星、劍、黃金等閃光物體。flash表示突然而明亮的“閃光”，光源為電、火藥、炮火等。glow指由余燼或螢火等發(fā)出的閃爍的“光輝”，通常指無焰的燃燒。如：Look,there’sabeamoflightcomingthroughthethickfog.瞧，濃霧里射出了一道光線。Giveyourshoesagoodshine.把你的鞋擦亮點兒。WewereattractedbytheglitteroftheChristmastreedecorations.我們被圣誕樹上閃閃發(fā)光的裝飾物所吸引。Hisfirstnovelwasaflashinthepan.他的第一部小說只是曇花一現(xiàn)。Theglowfromtheemberswarmedus.火紅的余燼使我們感到暖洋洋的。全真模擬試題1.Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial____toitsburningtemperature.A.beheatedB.isheatedC.wouldbeheatedD.toheated2.____willMr.Forbesbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany.A.WithhardworkB.OnlyifheworkshardlyC.InspiteofhishardworkD.Onlywithhardwork3.____isnoreasonfordischargingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminutesbeinglateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate4.____whatmay,we’renotgoingtomakeanyconcessionstohisunreasonabledemands.A.ComeB.CameC.ComingD.Havingcome5.Everymeans____triedoutbutneverwithsuccess,asfarasmyknowledgegoes.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen6.Heconcludedhisspeechwitharemarkthatfailure____themotherofsuccess.A.isB.wereC.wasD.mustbe7.Thedesignliaisonmeeting____tendaysbythetimeitends.A.musthavelastedB.willhavelastedC.wouldlastD.haslasted8.____beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A.HadtheyarrivedB.WouldtheyarriveC.WeretheyarrivingD.Weretheytoarrive9.As____clearfromhismanners,heisateacher.A.beingB.isC.tobeD.been10.GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideas____todayandarebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime.A.aretochallengeB.maybechallengedC.havebeenchallengedD.arechallenging11.Itisnecessarythatthestudents____moreexcercisestodo.A.haveB.musthaveC.willhaveD.canhave12.Thepresentsituationforcedusto____thispolicy.A.adaptB.admitC.adoptD.adjust13.Wecan____thetwoislandswithabridge.A.uniteB.connectC.relateD.combine14.Duetothebadweathertheplanewas____fortwohours.A.delayedB.canceledC.postponedD.dismissed15.The____populatedareawasabreedingplaceforinfectiousdiseases.A.denselyB.sparcelyC.improperlyD.poisonous16.Perhapsthecustomerhas____hismonthlystatementandnotpaidthebill.A.omittedB.bewilderedC.overlookedD.escaped17.Hewasalmostasleep,____withallthishardwork.A.worndownB.wornoutC.wornoffD.wornaway18.Ithappenedinfrontofafruitandvegetable____inmyneighborhood.A.stationB.standC.jointD.lift19.Thefirststepinthestudyofanylanguageisobservingand____preciselywhathappenswhennativespeakersspeakit.A.settingoffB.settingaboutC.settingupD.settingdown20.Asthepressure____,theliquidrockisforcedupthroughchannelsintheresistantrocktotheearth’ssurface.A.intensifiesB.magnifiesC.heightensD.deviates21.Pollisanexampleofaseverelydisabledpersonwhohasbecome______atmanysurvivalskills.A.efficientB.proficientC.persistentD.transient22.Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningcalmsituationsinto____ones.A.tragicB.turbulentC.vulnerableD.vicious23.Ibelievethatremark____fromwhatyousaidyesterday.A.resultedB.aroseC.cameD.originated24.Her____washeldatthelocalchurch.A.funeralB.festivalC.farewellD.finish25.Tom____ofhiswifehowshehadmetherfriend.A.askedB.questionedC.inquiredD.interrogated試題答案與解析1.A)【句意】形成火的條件之一是該材料能夠被加熱到燃燒的溫度?！倦y點】A)項requirement這個詞和idea,suggestion等一樣，要求從句里的謂語動詞用(should)+動詞原形。2.D)【句意】只有通過艱苦的工作，福比斯先生才能重新控制公司。【難點】only+狀語放在句首時，具有強調(diào)作用，謂語必須倒裝。3.C)【句意】只是遲到了幾分鐘，并不能成為解雇她的理由?！倦y點】A)，B)均不能充當句子主語，C)Thefact后跟that引出的同位語從句，D)Being是動名詞。但D)中的名詞being沒有行為主體，未說明誰遲到，所以排除。4.A)【句意】無論發(fā)生什么事情，我們都不會對他無理的要求做出讓步。【難點】comewhatmay是一個固定的用法，其中come總是用原形動詞，在這一用法中，主謂必須倒裝，此句相當于whatevermayhappen(不管發(fā)生什么情況)。5.C)【句意】就我所知，每種方法都試過了，但都沒有成功?！倦y點】means雖以s結(jié)尾卻是單數(shù)形式，因此謂語動詞應(yīng)選用第三人稱單數(shù)。6.A)【句意】他用“失敗乃成功之母”這句話結(jié)束了他的發(fā)言?！倦y點】表示客觀事實或普遍真理時，句子通常用一般現(xiàn)在時，此類句子的時態(tài)不受其它分句時態(tài)限制。7.B)【句意】本期設(shè)計聯(lián)絡(luò)會將持續(xù)十天才會結(jié)束。【難點】bythetime意指nolaterthanthemomentthatsomethinghappens，常與過去完成時和將來完成時連用。8.D)【句意】如果他們能在我們后天離開之前趕到的話，我們就舉行一次盛大的宴會?！倦y點】表示將來不可能發(fā)生的事實，常用虛擬語氣，主句的謂語為should+動詞原形(適用于第一人稱主語)或would,could,might+動詞原形(適用于其余人稱主語);而條件句的謂語應(yīng)該用should+動詞原形，wereto+動詞原形或直接用動詞的過去時(如be改用were)。9.B)【句意】從他的舉止便可以明顯地看出，他是一名教師。【難點】as意為“如，照(某種事實或情況)”，在本句中為關(guān)系代詞，指代第二個分句，as代替整個句子作主語時，謂語動詞通常必須用單數(shù)。10.C)【句意】盡管牛頓非常偉大，然而他的許多觀點當前正受到懷疑，并且當今的許多科學家正在努力對這些觀點進行修正?！倦y點】challenge意為“挑戰(zhàn)，懷疑”，常用作及物動詞。本句中牛頓的觀點受到挑戰(zhàn)為一個當前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實，故采用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。11.A)【句意】學生們有必要做更多的練習。【難點】虛擬語氣可以用于主語從句中，常用的句型為：It+is(was)+形容詞that…，主語從句中的謂語用(should)+v.的表達形式。12.C)【句意】目前的形勢強迫我們采納這項政策?！倦y點】adopt意為“采用，采取，采納”;adapt意為“使…適應(yīng);改編”;admit意為“承認”;adjust意為“調(diào)整;使…適應(yīng)”。13.B)【句意】我們可以用橋?qū)勺鶏u嶼聯(lián)接起來。【難點】connect意為“連接;與…銜接”;unite意為“結(jié)合;團結(jié)”;relate意為“把…與…聯(lián)系起來”;combine意為“結(jié)合;聯(lián)合;化合”。14.A)【句意】由于天氣惡劣，飛機晚點兩個小時?！倦y點】delay意為“使耽擱，延遲”;cancel意為“取消;終止”;dismiss意為“解雇，解散”;postpone意為“延期，拖延，緩辦”，尤指因為某種原因事先作出安排，與delay不同。15.A)【句意】人口稠密的地區(qū)是傳染病滋生的地方?！倦y點】densely意為“稠密地;濃密地;密集地”;sparsely意為“稀地;稀疏地”;improperly意為“不合適地，不協(xié)調(diào)地”;poisonously意為“有毒地，引起中毒地”。16.C)【句意】也許這位顧客忽略了他的月度報表，而沒付單?！倦y點】overlook意為“忽略”;omit意為“遺漏;忘記”;bewilder意為“使迷惑;使糊涂;難住”;escape意為“逃過…的注意;被…忘掉”。17.B)【句意】他干了這么多重活兒，累得精疲力竭，差不多睡著了。【難點】wearout意為“使疲乏;使厭倦;使耗盡”;weardown意為“使消瘦，使厭煩”;wearoff意為“漸漸減少;消逝”;wearaway意為“消磨，打發(fā)，虛度;(時光等)流逝”。18.B)【句意】這件事發(fā)生在我們居民區(qū)一個水果蔬菜攤前。【難點】stand意為“攤位，攤子”;station意為“崗位”;joint意為“接合點，接合處”;lift意為“電梯”。19.D)【句意】任何語言學習的第一步都是觀察和精確記錄本族人說話時所使用的語言?！倦y點】setdown意為“寫下，記錄，記下”;setoff意為“出發(fā)，動身”;setabout意為“開始忙碌，著手工作”;setup意為“開辦，建立，設(shè)立”。20.A)【句意】隨著壓力的增強，巖漿通過堅巖里的一些渠道被擠壓到地球表面?！倦y點】intensify意為“強化，增強”;magnify意為“放大，擴大”;heighten意為“增高，提高”，指高度;deviate意為“越軌，脫離”，常與from連用。21.B)【句意】波爾是個重殘者掌握多種生存技能的典范。【難點】proficient意為“熟練的，精通的”;efficient意