全國卷高考英語復(fù)習(xí)語法填空解題技巧

語法填空解題技巧Revision語法填空（2015年高考）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房）___61___(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___62___mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__63___(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout___64__（use）execticequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__65___（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__66_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:__67__thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle__68__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__69__(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__70__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.純空格類提示詞類1、語法填空主要考查哪方面的內(nèi)容?2、語法填空命題特點(diǎn)是什么

?①語法和詞匯（考試重點(diǎn)）②上下文連貫性（語境）101.515102001？共10個小題每題1.5分滿分15分須在10分鐘內(nèi)完成短文長度200詞左右每格不一定1個詞（特別是謂語或非謂語動詞形式

）

Step2testpointsandfeatures10空6-7空（有提示詞）3-4空（無提示詞）動詞名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)形容詞/副詞：比較級、最高級詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.動詞變名詞、形容詞2.名詞變形容3.形容詞與副詞的互換連詞（并列句）：and,but,or…引導(dǎo)詞（從句）：who,that,what…代詞：they,him,our,themselves…介詞：in,on,to,for…冠詞：

a/an,the連接性副詞：however,therefore…謂語:時態(tài)，語態(tài),主謂一致非謂語動:doing，done，todoTestpoints(考點(diǎn))：考點(diǎn)規(guī)律:1.動詞是必考點(diǎn)，一定會同時考察謂語和非謂語。2.冠詞代詞介詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換是必考點(diǎn)。3.連接詞中，定從連接詞考頻最高。4.形容詞比較級是高考頻點(diǎn)。3.考點(diǎn)規(guī)律:1、快速瀏覽全文，把握文章大意寫作意圖和總體時態(tài)；2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)---主謂結(jié)構(gòu);

確定詞性，3、根據(jù)上下文把握空格意思。

Step3.

語法填空題—解題步驟一、給出動詞的解題技巧1.(2015全國卷)Thiscycle____(go)everyday.2.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,______close)mybookandwalkedaway.3.Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,_____________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.

當(dāng)括號內(nèi)提供的是動詞時，主要判斷其是謂語還是非謂語。

技巧1：如果句子缺謂語時，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時,則填謂語動詞，首先要判斷其時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。waschangedgoesStep4

Practiceanddiscussion.語法填空解題技巧closed1.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_____(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.2.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms________________(produce)allovertheworld.3.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.4.Aftergettinglostinastorm，amemberofthenavyteam__________(rescue)fourdayslater.5.Thecloth________(wash)well.goeshavebeenproducedwearswasrescuedwashes3.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely____________(succeed).4.Withtheproblem______(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.5.（2015全國）whatmakesthemadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout______（use）mordenequipment.using應(yīng)試策略solved技巧2：當(dāng)句子主干有謂語則可能考查的是非謂語形式，則要判斷是doing、done和todo。doing形式表主動，進(jìn)行或介詞后done形式表被動，完成todo形式表主動，將來，也作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語及形容詞后的狀語謂語非謂語tosucceed1.Wemustpractisespeakingand________(write)thelanguagewheneverwecan.2.Iinsiston______(take)immediateactiontodealwithitproperly.3..…anditisimportant___________(memorize)somebasicgrammarrules.4.Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday，________(wear)sunglasses.5.TsinghuaUniversity，________(found)in1911，ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.writingtakingtomemorizewearingfounded語法填空（2015年高考）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房）___61___(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___62___mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__63___(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout___64__（use）electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__65___（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__66_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:__67__thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle__68__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__69__(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__70__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.builtusinggoestocool過去分詞作定語介詞+動名詞形+enough+不定式一般現(xiàn)在時詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定給出的單詞在句中充當(dāng)什么成分。再用正確的單詞形式補(bǔ)充完整，

二、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換試題的解題技巧技巧一：作表語（在系動詞之后）

，定語（修飾名詞）或賓補(bǔ)（表性質(zhì)/狀態(tài)），通常用形容詞形式

①heis______(help)toothers.②Mr.Wangisa_______(fun)teacher.helpful形容詞+名詞funnyBe+形容詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題技巧二：作主語，在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語，用名詞形式；在形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，用名詞形式。要判斷名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式

Thankyouforgivingussomanygood_____________(suggest).2.JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewith________(certain).

3.（2015全國）whatmakesthemadmirableistheir_______（able）to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingmordenequipment.certaintysuggestionsability詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題技巧三：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式

①______(sad)thelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.②(2015年高考)Wallsmadeofadobe(土坯房）takeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_____（slow）duringcoolnights.Sadlyslowly副詞+動詞giveout副詞+句子詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題技巧四：有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不用變，主要是考察具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，根據(jù)句子意思需要，在詞根前加un-,im-,dis-等，在詞根后加-less等使句子前后邏輯意義通順。

1.Hisbadhealthisagreat____________(advantage)tohim.2.Heisvery________(lucky),heneverwinsanything.disadvantageunlucky詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題

技巧五：當(dāng)所給詞是形容詞或副詞，且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，往往要求寫出形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級形式。例1.---Theseorangesareonlyadollar.---Well,theyare__________(cheap)thanothers,buttheydon’tlookasgood.例2.Shanghaiisoneofthe_______(large)citiesintheword.cheaperlargest詞類轉(zhuǎn)化題鞏固練習(xí)1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid_________(rude).2.（2012全國Ⅱ,26）Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuch,the______(good).3.____________(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjustonly10minutesleft...!4.AsfarasIamconcerned,my____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook.suggestionUnfortunatelybetterrudely1.Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell_________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.2.Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents__________(interest)inthesubject.3.Yourmistakecausedalotof__________(necessary)workintheoffice.4.Hemustbe_______(mental)disabled.5.…,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow________(high)6.MrsChenhastaughtmeEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmy_____________(appreciate)，Idecidetogetherapresent.

silentinterestedunnecessarymentallyhigherappreciation（2015年全國高考題）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房）___61___(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___62___mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__63___(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout___64__（use）execticequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__65___（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__66_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:__67__thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle__68__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__69__(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__70__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.built過去分詞作定語abilitytheir+名詞using介詞+動名詞Slowly副詞+動詞giveouttocool形+enough+不定式goes一般現(xiàn)在時natural形容詞作定語+名詞Step6Homework

（Finishthefolowingexersice.）

三、

無提示詞：主要填寫如下四種詞。冠詞：the,a,an,一般位于名詞前介詞：to,of,in,on,at,with,as,for等，要熟記各種搭配，如：playanimportantpartinmakefulluseofbecoveredwith,等連詞：and,but,or,for,while,so以及各種從句的連接詞,一些句型中：如強(qiáng)調(diào)句

代詞：it,I/me,You/you,He/him/his,She/her,nothing,everybody,oneself等，要看句中缺什么成份。

例1.“Thereis_____“h”inthewordhour”，but____“h”doesn’tmake_____sound.”例2.(2015全國高考)____thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.例3.(2010廣東高考)Heaskedhisteacher,"Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_____”例4.Itisthedoll____mysisterlovedmostandwantedsomuchthisChristmas.anaTheAtitthat首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填什么詞；或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。共有以下6個技巧：技巧1：在簡單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語或

賓語，一定是填代詞：人稱代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞，名詞性物主代詞，以及反身代詞（不做主語）例1：Ican’tsendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and_____getstherealmostinasecond.it1.

I

have

already

got

Tom's

proposal.

Where

is

______(you)?2.

Larry

asks

Bill

and

Peter

to

go

on

a

picnic

with

him,

but

________

of

them

wants

to,

because

they

have

work

to

do.

3.Ourneighborsgave________ababybirdyesterdaythathurt________whenitfellfromitsnest.4.Thebuyersreceivesthegoodsserviceimmediatelyandpromisestopayfor____later.5.Youcanuse_______ofthesportsandleisurefacilitiesforasmuchasyoulike,andthebrochurealsomentionslotsofotheractivities.6.The

weather

of

Beijing

is

colder

than

______of

Nanjing.

The

ears

of

a

rabbit

are

longer

than

________

of

a

fox.

yoursneithermeitselfitanythatthose技巧2：名詞前面，若沒有限定詞（冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞等），很可能是填限定詞。

例2：Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynastywasveryanxioustohelp________ricecropgrowupquickly.his1.Jane

Adams

had

great

influence

on

the

development

of

social

work

in

the

US

and

in

_______parts

of

the

world.

2.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet________studenttastethewater.(2010廣東）3.However,studentsneedtodecideifstudyingabroadwillhelpthemreach______goals.4.Manyoftheworld’sgreatcitiesarelocatedonrivers,andalmost______countryhasatleastoneriverflowingthroughit.5.Wehad_______amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfelthappy…(2011廣東）otheranothertheireveryan技巧3：空格后是名詞、代詞或動名詞時，且他們不是在句中作主語，也不是在動詞后作賓語時，這個空格就很可能是填介詞。介詞是高考的必考點(diǎn)主要考察簡單介詞的基本用法，如：after,as等；同時，也考察固定搭配中的介詞。

例3：…whoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme_______aguestintheirhouse.as1.(2008·廣東)Hewasverytired________doingthisforawholeday.2.(2013·課標(biāo)Ⅱ，11)Aseriousstudyofphysicsisimpossible________someknowledgeofmathematics.3.(2013·北京，26)Ihaveanappointment________Dr.Smith，butIneedtochangeit.4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,______whichNewYorkisanexample.(四川)5.(2009·廣東)Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes________sale.ofwithoutwithofon技巧4:若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞and，but，or

等。例4：…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso________CabdidoPoitinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.

and1.Ithenrealizedshehadnoarms________legs，justahead，neckandtorso.2.Hetooktheoldmannotjustacrosstheriver，________tohishome.3.Atlast，wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshade________satdowntoeatourpicniclunch.4.Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,…neithertoomuch_____toolittle.(2013廣東）

5.AlthoughIwishIcouldeitherchangethediagnosis____denyitaltogether,thisiswhatwe’refacing.orbutandnoror技巧5：若兩個句子（即兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列連詞（連接并列的句子）或從屬連詞（連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）。

例5：ThegreatestmagicianofalltimewasHarryHoudini_______diedin1926.例6：Hewasverytiredafterdoingthusforawholeday,_______hefeltveryhappy.whobut并列句1.Ithoughtyou’dbelatefortheconcert,______weendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.(湖南)2.Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.(全國Ⅱ)3.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.(山東)4.Theartistwasbornpoor,______poorheremainedallhislife.(重慶)5.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_________menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.(四川)6.Wang

Tao's

pen

was

broken,____he

needed

a

new

one.

butandforandwhileso名詞性從句1.____________wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江)2.__________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(山東)3.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and________allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(湖南)4.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea________thepartyistobeheld?(陜西5.Thenews______ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.(上海)WhoWhatthatwherethat定語從句1.TheScienceMuseum,_________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.(江蘇)2.TheywillflytoWashington,________theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.(重慶)3.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.(安徽)4.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostof_________arebeyondourcontrol.(湖南)5.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.(北京)whichwherewhichwhomwhere狀語從句1.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.(福建)2.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime__________Briangetsback.(北京)3.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_________kidscangetatit.(山東)4.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto__________I’llseehimtomorrow.(北京)5.“Youcan’thavethisfootballback__________youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,”theoldmansaidfirmly.(廣東)

thatbeforebecauseunlesswhere技巧6:由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。

(1)由it

is…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it

還是that。判斷方法：去掉it

is…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還是一個完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。(2)由it

作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格是否填it.例7：…and_______wasonlyafterIheardshebecomesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精).例8：…as_______tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworlds-famousartists..例9：Datingsitesalsomakes______easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.ititit1._____

is

difficult

to

estimatethe

total

value

of

whathasbeenstolenas

only

the

bank’s

clients（儲戶）know

the

content

of

their

private

safes.

2.As

the

busiest

woman

in

Norton,

she

made

______

her

duty

to

look

after

all

the

other

people's

affairs

in

that

town.3.Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult____wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.4._______becamecleartoMarkthathewasn’tabletotravelbyunderground.5.Fromthetimeshewasalittlegirl.Itwasthen______shestartedgrowingtallerthanothergirls.ItItititthat（2015年全國高考題）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房）___61___(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___62___mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__63___(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout___64__（use）execticequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__65___（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__66_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:__67__thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle__68__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__69__(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__70__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.built過去分詞作定語how最高級前用定冠詞abilitytheir+名詞using介詞+動名詞slowly副詞+動詞giveouttocool形+enough+不定式at短語atthesametimegoes一般現(xiàn)在時natural形容詞作定語+名詞the連詞，連接賓語從句Step6Homework

（Finishthefolowingexersice.）

2016全國卷1Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop__61___(attract).SoitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenotforprofitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I__62___（allow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe__63___(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback__64____mydaysonaTVshowinthemid1980s,__65___IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter__66___(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude__67___(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby__68____(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew__69___(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,__70____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.61.

attraction

62.

was

allowed

63.

officially

64.

to

65.

when

66.

permitted

67.

introducing

68.

its

69.

days

70.

the

Step5summary

語法填空解題技巧：一.動詞解題技巧:1.時態(tài)