2022-2023學(xué)年河北省承德市2校高二上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版無(wú)聽(tīng)力音頻及聽(tīng)力原文）

第第頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年河北省承德市2校高二上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版，無(wú)聽(tīng)力音頻及聽(tīng)力原文）承德高中2022～2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二期中考試

英語(yǔ)試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位導(dǎo)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.WhenwillJennybegintogetmorepocketmoney

A.Nextweek.B.NextmonthC.Infourmonths.

2Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo

A.Thecomputerstore.B.Theclothingstore.C.Thecellphonestore.

3.WhichstreetistheChineserestauranton

A.BankStreet.B.SmithStreet.C.FieldStreet.

4.Whyisthewomanreadingthesamebookagain

A.Shelikesittoomuch.B.Shedoesn’tfinishtheend.C.Sheforgotsomepartsofit.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Anoutdooractivity.B.Akindofdrink.C.Asleepingproblem

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace

A.Atastadium.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.

7.Whenwillthespeakersleave

A.Inhalfanhour.B.Infiveminutes.C.Inanhour.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatistheweatherlikenow

A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.

9.Howdoesthemanfeelnow

A.Tired.B.Relaxed.C.Confused.

10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingatnight

A.Goingforawalk.B.Watchingamovie.C.Shoppingatthemarket.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Wherewasthemanwhentheaccidenthappened

A.Atatrafficlight.B.Outsideabank.C.Inawatchstore.

12.Whattimeisitnow

A.2:00.B.2:20.C.2:40.

13.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthecardriver

A.Hedroveslowly.B.Heranaredlight.C.Hedidn’tseethetruckdriver.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodotomorrow

A.VisitJohn.B.Staylaterthannormal.C.Takeonanewresponsibility.

15.Whatwillthemandofirst

A.Printhisreport.B.Studythematerial.C.Giveapresentation.

16.Whatisthepurposeofthemeeting

A.Tosellaproduct.

B.Tosearchfornewcustomers.

C.Toshowtheideastoasalesgroup.

17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Managerandemployee.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whenwillthesalebegin

A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.

19.Whichitemwillcost$575

A.Therefrigerator.B.Thedishwasher.C.Thewashingmachine.

20Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodointheend

A.Buyasmallgift.B.Trythenicecoffee.C.Getamembershipcard.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

FourBestLanguageExchangeApps

HelloTalk

HelloTalkisalanguageexchangeapplicationthatallowsyoutotalkwithothersfromaroundtheworldforfree.Youcanwriteabriefsummaryaboutyourselfinyourprofile（簡(jiǎn)介）,chooseyournativelanguageandselectthelanguageandlevelthatyou’recurrentlylearning.Thenyou’reabletosearchfornativelanguagepartnersfromaroundtheworld!WhatsetsHelloTalkapartfromsimilarappsisthatnativespeakerscanedityourmessagesandcorrectyourgrammarwhileyouchattogether.

LextTalk

LextTalkisanapplicationthatallowsuserstoconnectwithpeoplefromaroundtheworld.Onceyourprofileiscomplete,youcanselectwhichlanguageyouspeakandwhichlanguageyou’dliketolearn.AveryconvenientfeaturethatLextTalkoffersisitsmap.UserscanuseLextTalk’smaptosearchforlanguagepartnersintheirareas,orfindapartnerinaspecificregion.

Doongle

LikethefeatureofLextTalkbutyouhaveanAndroidphoneDon’tworry,there’sasimilarappforallAndroiduserstoo!Doongleallowsitsuserstosharevoicemessages,photosandmore.LikeLextTalk,Doonglealsohasamapfeature.Doongleoffersaparticulargroupchatfeature,whereyoucantalkaboutEnglishgrammarorsharetipsonhowtomakeapizzawithothers.

italki

Withitalki,yougettochooseyourteachersbasedonyourinterestsandgoals.Youpayperlessonbutyougetwhatyoupayfor.Youcanchoosetotakelessonsanytimeandanywheretoyourliking.Ifyoudon’tknowwhichteachertochoose,don’tworry.Allteacherswillhaveavideointroductionofthemselvesandyoucouldalsojudgebylookingthroughpreviousre—viewsfromstudents.

1.What’sspecialaboutHelloTalk

A.Itisthebestapplicationtolearngrammar.

B.Users’errorscanbecorrectedinthemessage.

C.HelloTalkoffersqualitylessonsatalowprice.

D.Userscanchooselanguagepartnersbygender.

2.Whichoffersprofessionalguidancetoalanguagelearner

A.HelloTalk.B.LextTalk.C.Doongle.D.italki.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext

A.Doongledoesn’thaveamapfeature.

B.HelloTalkdoesn’tofferatextchatfeature.

C.LextTalkisnotsuitableforAndroidusers.

D.italkidoesn’toffermuchdetailofteachers.

【答案】1.B2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)語(yǔ)言交流程序。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“WhatsetsHelloTalkapartfromsimilarappsisthatnativespeakerscanedityourmessagesandcorrectyourgrammarwhileyouchattogether.”（HelloTalk與類似應(yīng)用程序的不同之處在于，說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人可以在一起聊天時(shí)編輯信息并糾正語(yǔ)法。）可知，HelloTalk的用戶可以在消息中更正用戶的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分“Withitalki,yougettochooseyourteachersbasedonyourinterestsandgoals.”（有了italki，你可以根據(jù)你的興趣和目標(biāo)來(lái)選擇你的老師。）可知，italk為語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者提供專業(yè)指導(dǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二部分“LikethefeatureofLextTalkbutyouhaveanAndroidphoneDon’tworry,there’sasimilarappforallAndroiduserstoo!”（像LextTalk的功能，但你有Android手機(jī)？別擔(dān)心，也有一個(gè)適用于所有Android用戶的類似應(yīng)用程序?。┛芍?，LextTalk不適合Android用戶。故選C項(xiàng)。

B

TheexampleofaforeignteacherwhovolunteeredtohelpfightthewildfiresinChongqing’sBeibeiDistrictwithotherlocalresidentshastouchedmany.

Intheunbearableheatanddroughtconditions,multiplewildfireshitpartsofChongqing.OnSundaynight,aforestfirebrokeoutandspreadinBeibeiDistrict.Thelocalgovernmentissuedanurgentcallforvolunteerswithcertainskillsandexperience,suchaschainsaw（鏈鋸）operation,tojoininthefirefighting.Chainsawswereusedtocreatefirebarriers.

“Iwashappytohelp,”saidFrancisStonier,aprofessorinauniversity.“IusedtocuttreesaroundmyyardandneighborhoodandhadvolunteeredmanytimesintheUSinthepast.”

Stonierfoundatranslator—50-year-oldHeWu,aforeignlanguageprofessor—whoalsosigneduptofightfires.Soonafterarrivingatthevolunteerarea,thepairwereassignedtooneofthechainsawgroups—examiningandadjustingchainsaws.

“Stonierisresponsibleandfocused,andisdoingareallygoodjob,”saidHe,addingthatStoniercheckedeachchainsawcarefully,toseeifitwastootightortooloose.“WhereverIwent,thevolunteersandlocalresidentsgavemeabigthumbs-up.Itwasanunforgettableexperience,”Stoniersaid.

Thankstothejointeffortsoffireandrescueworkers,aswellasvolunteersandresidents,thescaringwildfireinBeibeihadbeenputoutasofThursdaynight.

“Itwasgreattoseesuchanoutpouringofhelpintheextremeheat,”Stoniersaid,notingthathewasimpressedwiththenumberoflocalswhocametohelp.Motorcyclistsgaveuptheirjobstotransportmaterialsandpeopleupanddownthemountains.Othersgavetheirtimetocarryheavysupplies,prepareandservemealsorhelporganize.

4.WhatcausedtheoutbreakoftheforestfireinBeibeiDistrict

A.Theextremeheatanddrought.

B.Thelocalareabeingshortofwater.

C.Theexistenceofenoughoilmaterials.

D.Thelackofpeopleguardingtheforest.

5.WhywasStonieracceptedtoparticipateinthefirefighting

A.Hewascapableofcreatingfirebarriers.

B.Hewasexperiencedinchainsawoperation.

C.Hewasdeterminedtobecomeafirefighter.

D.Heshowednoconsiderationforhisownsafety.

6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeStonier

A.Determinedandcreative.B.Generousandindependent.

C.Devotedandcourageous.D.Humorousandpassionate.

7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthelastparagraph

A.Tocareistohelp.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

C.Daretochallengeandachieveyourself.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.

【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了外籍教師FrancisStonier自愿與其他當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褚黄饚椭鷵錅缰貞c北碚區(qū)的野火的感人事跡。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Intheunbearableheatanddroughtconditions,multiplewildfireshitpartsofChongqing.OnSundaynight,aforestfirebrokeoutandspreadinBeibeiDistrict.(在難以忍受的高溫和干旱條件下，多起野火襲擊了重慶部分地區(qū)。周日晚上，北碚區(qū)發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)并蔓延。)”可知，造成北碚區(qū)發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)的原因是極端高溫和干旱。故選A。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thelocalgovernmentissuedanurgentcallforvolunteerswithcertainskillsandexperience,suchaschainsawoperation,tojoininthefirefighting.Chainsawswereusedtocreatefirebarriers.(當(dāng)?shù)卣o急呼吁具有一定技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)（如鏈鋸操作）的志愿者加入救火。鏈鋸被用來(lái)制造防火屏障。)”可知，政府需要有使用鏈鋸操作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的志愿者。根據(jù)文章第三段“IusedtocuttreesaroundmyyardandneighborhoodandhadvolunteeredmanytimesintheUSinthepast.(我過(guò)去經(jīng)常在我的院子和社區(qū)周圍砍樹(shù)，也曾多次在米國(guó)做志愿者。)”可知，Stonier之前有砍樹(shù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而砍樹(shù)是需要操作鏈鋸的，可推測(cè)出他會(huì)使用鏈鋸。所以Stonier可以參加救火是因?yàn)樗胁僮麈滀彽慕?jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“OnSundaynight,aforestfirebrokeoutandspreadinBeibeiDistrict.(周日晚上，北碚區(qū)發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)并蔓延。)”和第三段“‘Iwashappytohelp,’saidFrancisStonier,aprofessorinauniversity.‘IusedtocuttreesaroundmyyardandneighborhoodandhadvolunteeredmanytimesintheUSinthepast.’(“我很樂(lè)意幫忙，”一所大學(xué)的教授弗朗西斯·斯托尼爾說(shuō)。)”可知，在北碚區(qū)發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)這么危險(xiǎn)的情況下，Stonier還是樂(lè)意去幫忙，說(shuō)明他是勇敢的；根據(jù)文章第五段“‘Stonierisresponsibleandfocused,andisdoingareallygoodjob,’saidHe,addingthatStoniercheckedeachchainsawcarefully,toseeifitwastootightortooloose.(他說(shuō)：“斯托尼爾很負(fù)責(zé)，很專注，工作做得很好。”他補(bǔ)充道，斯托尼爾仔細(xì)檢查了每一把鏈鋸，看看它是太緊還是太松了。)”可知，Stonier在志愿者活動(dòng)期間工作非常認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，這說(shuō)明他是全心全意來(lái)做這項(xiàng)工作的。C選項(xiàng)描述正確。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“‘Itwasgreattoseesuchanoutpouringofhelpintheextremeheat,’Stoniersaid,notingthathewasimpressedwiththenumberoflocalswhocametohelp.Motorcyclistsgaveuptheirjobstotransportmaterialsandpeopleupanddownthemountains.Othersgavetheirtimetocarryheavysupplies,prepareandservemealsorhelporganize.(史托尼爾說(shuō)：“在酷熱的天氣下，能看到這么多人伸出援手，真是太棒了?！彼€指出，前來(lái)幫忙的當(dāng)?shù)厝酥嘟o他留下了深刻印象。騎摩托車的人放棄了工作，在山上來(lái)回運(yùn)送物資和人員。其他人則花時(shí)間搬運(yùn)沉重的物資，準(zhǔn)備和提供飯菜，或者幫助組織。)”可知，在這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)中，不同身份的人們都齊聚在一起，共同為撲滅火災(zāi)而努力。所以想表達(dá)的是“眾人拾柴火焰高，人多力量大”這一道理。B選項(xiàng)“Manyhandsmakelightwork.(眾人拾柴火焰高。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

C

Carbondioxideemissionsfromtransportationarenowthoughtasthetopsourceofgreenhousegases.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceyourcarbonfootprintistoreconsiderhowmuch,andhowoften,youtravel.

Goingcarfreeforayearcouldsaveabout2.6tonsofcarbondioxide,accordingtoastudyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia.HowcanyoustopusingacarTrytakingatrain,busorbetteryet,ridingabike.

Butlet’sberealistic.Youwilllikelyneedtouseacarthisyear.So,whenyoudo,herearesometipstomakeyourtripmoreclimate-friendly.Drivingefficientlycanhelptoreduceemissions.Goeasyonthegasandbrakesanddrivelikeyouhaveaneggunderyourfoot.Regularlyserviceyourcartokeepitmoreefficient.Keepingyourtirespumpedcorrectlycanreduceemissions.Lowtirepressurewillhurtyourfueleconomy.Airconditioningandfrequentcitydrivingcanmakeemissionsgoup.Socutdownontheseasoftenaspossible.Usecruisecontrol(定速巡航)onlongdrives-inmostcases,thiscanhelptosavegas.Don’tweighyourcardownwithextrathingsthatyoudon’tneedonyourtrip.

FlyoftenTakingonefewerlonground-tripflightcouldreduceyourpersonalcarbonfootprintsignificantly.Ifyouusepublictransportationoftenandflyless,yourcarbonfootprintmightstillberelativelysustainable,butifyoudriveandflyalot,youremissionswillbehigher.Ifyoucan’tavoidflying,youcanoffsetthembydonatingmoneytosustainableprojects,suchassupplyingefficientstovestoruralhomes,orprojectswhichhelpfarmersdealwithcropwasteenvironmentally.

8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofgoingcarfree

A.Impractical.B.Costly.C.Efficient.D.Reliable.

9.Whichcanbeadoptedtosavefuelofyourcar

A.Maintainingyourcarproperly.

B.Usingcruisecontrolinthecity.

C.Steppinghardonthegasandbrakes.

D.Gettingridofallthenecessaryloads.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”inparagraph4mean

A.Setfootin.B.Teamupwith.

C.Makeupfor.D.Putupwith.

11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext

A.Howtosavefuelwhendrivingcars

B.Howtoreduceyourcarbonfootprint

C.Reducecarbonfootprintbyallmeans

D.Lowercarbonfootprintintransportation

【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹如何選擇適當(dāng)?shù)某鲂蟹绞絹?lái)降低運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中的碳足跡。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“HowcanyoustopusingacarTrytakingatrain,busorbetteryet,ridingabike.(你怎么能停止開(kāi)車？試著坐火車、公共汽車，或者騎自行車。)”和第三段“Butlet’sberealistic.Youwilllikelyneedtouseacarthisyear.(但讓我們現(xiàn)實(shí)一點(diǎn)。今年你可能需要用車。)”可知，認(rèn)為不使用汽車是不切實(shí)際的。故選A。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Lowtirepressurewillhurtyourfueleconomy.AirconditioningandfrequentcitydrivingcanmakeemissionsgoupSocutdownontheseasoftenaspossible.Usecruisecontrol（定速巡航）onlongdrives—inmostcases,thiscanhelptosavegas.Don’tweighyourcardownwithextrathingsthatyoudon’tneedonyourtrip.(輪胎氣壓過(guò)低會(huì)影響你的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性?？照{(diào)和頻繁的城市駕駛會(huì)使排放上升，所以盡可能減少這些排放。在長(zhǎng)途駕駛中使用巡航控制——在大多數(shù)情況下，這可以幫助節(jié)省汽油。不要給你的車添置旅途中不需要的額外物品。)”可知適當(dāng)?shù)谋ｐB(yǎng)汽車可以節(jié)省汽車的燃油，故選A。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoucan’tavoidflying,youcanoffsetthembydonatingmoneytosustainableproducts,suchassupplyingefficientstovestoruralhomes,orprojectswhichhelpfarmersdealwithcropwasteenvironmentally.(如果你不能避免坐飛機(jī)，你可以通過(guò)向可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品捐款來(lái)offset這些影響，比如向農(nóng)村家庭提供高效爐灶，或者幫助農(nóng)民環(huán)保處理作物廢棄物的項(xiàng)目。)”可知，這里是在建議用高效節(jié)能的方法來(lái)抵消因坐飛機(jī)而產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，所以offset的意思應(yīng)該是“抵消，彌補(bǔ)”，和選項(xiàng)C意思一致。故選C。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Carbondioxideemissionsfromtransportationarenowthoughtasthetopsourceofgreen-housegases.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceyourcarbonfootprintistoreconsiderhowmuch,andhowoften,youtravel.(交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳排放現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是溫室氣體的首要來(lái)源。減少碳足跡的最有效方法之一是重新考慮你旅行的次數(shù)和頻率。)”以及下文的描述可知，這篇文章主要講述如何選擇適當(dāng)?shù)某鲂蟹绞絹?lái)降低運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中的碳足跡。因此推斷D項(xiàng)“降低交通運(yùn)輸中的碳足跡”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。

D

Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.Thisexperimentisthefirsttoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithamatureplantproducingnewseeds.

ThebreakthroughwasconductedintheWentianspacelaboratory,whichwaslaunchedintoorbitonJuly24,2022.Threeastronautswereconductingtheexperimentsmoothlyandtestingtheplantsaccordingtotheplan.

“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異).“Theastronautswillkeepmonitoringtheplants,andifitissuccessful,theywillcollectthenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,”shenoted

Thefloweringstageiscrucialforplantreproductivedevelopment.“Wewanttoinvestigatehowmicrogravitycanaffecttheplantfloweringtimeandwhetheritispossibletousethemicrogravityenvironmenttocontroltherelatedprocess,”shesaid.

Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallengeduetothetoughconditionsofspacesuchasmicrogravityandlackofair.

Ricehasbeenamainfoodforastronautssincetheearlydaysofspaceexploration.Freeze—driedchickenandricewasthemenufortheApollo11mission,whichcarriedthefirsthumanstolandonthemooninJuly1969.

“ButifwewanttolandonandexploreMars,bringingfoodfromEarthisnotenoughtoprovidefortheastronauts’longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindafoodsourceforlongtermspaceexplorations,”Zhengadded.

12.What’sthesignificanceofChineserecentspacericeexperiment

A.Itenableshumanbeingstomovetoanotherplanet.

B.Ithelpspeoplegetabetterideaofthehumanlifecycle.

C.Itinspiresmoreothercountriestodospaceexplorations

D.Itmakesitpossibletocarryoutlong—termspacemissions

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto

A.Themutation.B.Theexperiment.C.Theexploration.D.Thespacemission.

14.Whyhavecropseedsbeenbroughttospacesincethelastcentury

A.Topromotegeneticchangesandincreasecropharvest.

B.Tofigureouthowtocreateanearth—likeenvironment.

C.Tostudytheimpactofmicrogravityoncropgrowth.

D.Todevelopnewcropspecieswithstrongabilitytoadapt.

15.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom

A.Amedicalreport.B.Afashionmagazine.

C.Asciencenewspaper.D.Ahistorybook.

【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了中國(guó)宇航員在天宮空間站成功種植水稻幼苗，這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植糧食以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.(專家周一表示，中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。)”中國(guó)最近的太空水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)使執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)成為可能，故選D。

【13題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段““Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異).(“水稻幼苗長(zhǎng)得很好，”該任務(wù)的研究員鄭慧瓊說(shuō)，他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，該實(shí)驗(yàn)還包含了一種小型開(kāi)花植物的幼苗，科學(xué)家經(jīng)常用它來(lái)研究突變)”可知如果實(shí)驗(yàn)成功，他們將收集新產(chǎn)生的種子，并將它們帶回地球進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究。故此處的it指代實(shí)驗(yàn)，故選B。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.(自20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái)，中國(guó)一直在將水稻和其他作物的種子帶到太空，幫助它們?cè)诘厍蛏戏N植后發(fā)生突變，從而產(chǎn)生更高的產(chǎn)量。)”可推斷自上個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)農(nóng)作物種子被帶到太空，促進(jìn)基因變化，提高作物產(chǎn)量。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.(專家周一表示，中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。)”可知文章是關(guān)于科學(xué)的一篇報(bào)道，故選C。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Ifyou’reahighschoolstudent,youhavealotofscholarshipresourcesavailabletoyou.Herearesometipsonhowtogetcollegescholarships.

Enterhighschoolcareercenters.First,gotoyourhighschoolcareercenter.____16____,yourschool’scounselor(輔導(dǎo)員)canhelpyoufindsimilarresourcesonlineorinyourlocalcommunity.Mosthighschoolcareercenterskeepanupdatedlistofscholarshipssortedbydate.Gothroughthislistandmakenoteofeverysinglescholarship.

Makefulluseoflibraryandbookstorescholarshipresources.Onceyouuseupallofthescholarshipsfromyourhighschool,headtoabookstoreorlibraryandpickupthelatestcopyofanannualscholarshipreferencebook.____17____.Butit’scheapertoborrowacopyfromthelibrary.Thescholarshipbooksareallcatalogs(目錄)ofscholarshipsyoucanearnasahighschoolstudent.

____18____.Onceyou’vefoundallthescholarshipsthroughtheaboveresources,youcanturntodifferentsearchenginesandwebsitesthatcanhelpyoufindscholarships.Theeasiest-to-findscholarshipsonthewebwillbethemostcompetitive.____19____.

Findscholarshipsthroughfriendsandfamily.____20____,whichcanhelpseeiftheyknowofanyscholarships.Therearealotofcompaniesthatoffercollegescholarships—companiesthatthepeopleyouknowworkat.Soaskaround!Someofthebestscholarshipscomefromsomeofthemostunexpectedplaces.

A.Makecollegescholarshipweb

B.Searchcollegescholarshipsites

C.You’llalsofindthesebooksonline

D.Ifyourhighschooldoesn’thaveacareercenter

E.Talktoyourfriends,parentsandevenparents’friends

F.That’swhywerecommendcareercentersandbooksfirst

G.Afterarrivingcareercenter,youcanupdateresourcesonline

【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.F20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四種關(guān)于如何獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的建議。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“First,gotoyourhighschoolcareercenter.(首先，去你高中的職業(yè)中心。)”可知，這里講的是首先去careercenter獲取獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金資源；由后文“yourschool’scounselor(輔導(dǎo)員)canhelpyoufindsimilarresourcesonlineorinyourlocalcommunity.(你學(xué)校的輔導(dǎo)員可以幫助你在網(wǎng)上或在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)找到類似的資源。)”可知，這里建議的是去網(wǎng)上或者當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)找資源，與前面的careercanter是不同的地方，所以空格處應(yīng)該是你的學(xué)校沒(méi)有careercenter的假設(shè)，D選項(xiàng)“Ifyourhighschooldoesn’thaveacareercenter(如果你的高中沒(méi)有就業(yè)中心)”既可承接上文，又可以引出下文的其他選擇，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Onceyouuseupallofthescholarshipsfromyourhighschool,headtoabookstoreorlibraryandpickupthelatestcopyofanannualscholarshipreferencebook.(一旦你用完了高中的所有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，就去書(shū)店或圖書(shū)館買一本最新版的年度獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金參考書(shū)。)”和后文“Butit’scheapertoborrowacopyfromthelibrary.(但從圖書(shū)館借一本更便宜。)”可知，此處主要講的是獲得年度獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金參考書(shū)的途徑和哪種途徑更便宜，所以空格處還是在說(shuō)獲得書(shū)的途徑，C選項(xiàng)“You’llalsofindthesebooksonline(你也可以在網(wǎng)上找到這些書(shū))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Onceyou’vefoundallthescholarshipsthroughtheaboveresources,youcanturntodifferentsearchenginesandwebsitesthatcanhelpyoufindscholarships.Theeasiest-to-findscholarshipsonthewebwillbethemostcompetitive.(一旦你通過(guò)上述資源找到了所有的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，你就可以求助于不同的搜索引擎和網(wǎng)站，這些搜索引擎和網(wǎng)站可以幫助你找到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。網(wǎng)上最容易找到的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金將是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)最激烈的。)”可知，這一段是在講除了上面的途徑，還可以求助于不同的搜索引擎和網(wǎng)站，空格處位于句首，是本段的主旨句，應(yīng)起到概括本段的作用。B選項(xiàng)“Searchcollegescholarshipsites(搜索大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金網(wǎng)站)”可以概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Theeasiest-to-findscholarshipsonthewebwillbethemostcompetitive.(網(wǎng)上最容易找到的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金將是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)最激烈的。)”可知，網(wǎng)上雖然找到關(guān)于獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的信息比較容易，但是找到的人越多，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的就越激烈，這也是在解釋為什么把最容易獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的途徑放到后面，而把careercenter和books放到前面推薦。F選項(xiàng)“That’swhywerecommendcareercentersandbooksfirst(這就是為什么我們先推薦職業(yè)中心和書(shū)籍的原因)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Findscholarshipsthroughfriendsandfamily.(通過(guò)朋友和家人尋找獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。)”和后文“whichcanhelpseeiftheyknowofanyscholarships.(這有助于了解他們是否知道有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。)”可知，本段主要講的是通過(guò)朋友和家人來(lái)尋找獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的信息，空格后面的they指的應(yīng)該是上文提到的家人和朋友。結(jié)合后文的“Soaskaround!(所以問(wèn)問(wèn)周圍的人吧！)”可知，空格處應(yīng)該是向周圍的人詢問(wèn)，包括朋友、家人等，E選項(xiàng)“Talktoyourfriends,parentsandevenparents’friends(和你的朋友，父母，甚至父母的朋友談?wù)?”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Agroupofgenerousmotherscollectedbabystrollers(嬰兒手推車)tohelpthehomelessmothers.Thehomelessmothershad___21___fromtheirhomesbecauseoftheflood.Manypeoplelefttheirhomeswithonlyasuitcaseorafew___22___items,sothesightofstrollerswaitingforthematabusstationbecamea(n)___23___ofhopeandlove.

Womenandchildren___24___themajorityoftherefugees(難民)leavingtheirhomes，becausethegovernment___25___themenyoungerthan60toremainandrebuildtheirhome.Thekindmothers___26___theheartbreakingscenesofdesperatefamiliesescapingfromtheirhomesandwantedtohelp.Thedonationofstrollersandothernecessitieshas___27___helpedeasethetransitionformanyfamilies.Doratorshavealsoleftheartwarming,handwrittennotestoshowtheir___28___

Themotherswhoorganizedthe___29___knewfirst-handthecomfortastrollerwouldbringtoatiredmotherandchild.Astrolleroffersasenseof____30____,anditallowsbothmotherandchildanopportunitytorestand____31____strength.

Thestrollerdriveideafirstspreadby____32____wordofmouthbetweenneighbors.Theideasoonwentviralonsocialmediaand____33____akindnessmovement.Themothers’strolleridea____34____anactivityofsupplyandfunddonationsorrefugeesfromthecountry.Manypeoplebelievethatthekindheartedmothersareheroesfortherefugees.Theiractionhas____35____totheworldabeautifulexampleofthevalueofkindness.

21.A.fledB.learnedC.differedD.recovered

22.A.variousB.cheapC.personalD.big

23.A.absenceB.symbolC.characterD.design

24.A.manageB.controlC.predictD.represent

25.A.requiredB.permittedC.remindedD.promised

26.A.monitoredB.examinedC.assessedD.witnessed

27.A.privatelyB.actuallyC.crazilyD.completely

28.A.supportB.admirationC.protectionD.demand.

29.A.processB.donationC.journeyD.treatment

30.A.stressB.directionC.balanceD.safety

31.A.repeatB.regainC.recallD.review

32.A.simpleB.typicalC.evidentD.steady

33.A.figuredoutB.knockedoffC.broughtaboutD.attendedto

34.A.reflectedB.desertedC.handledD.inspired

35.A.apologizedB.describedC.displayedD.explained

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是善良的母親們目睹了絕望的難民家庭逃離家園的令人心碎的場(chǎng)景，伸出援手，在社交媒體上傳播開(kāi)來(lái)，并引起了一場(chǎng)慈善運(yùn)動(dòng)。

【21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于洪水，無(wú)家可歸的母親們逃離了家園。A.fled逃跑；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.differed不同于；D.recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“becauseoftheflood.”可知，由于洪水，無(wú)家可歸的母親們逃離了家園。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人出門(mén)時(shí)只帶了一個(gè)手提箱或一些個(gè)人物品，所以在公交車站等著他們的嬰兒車就成了希望和愛(ài)的象征。A.various各種各樣的；B.cheap便宜的；C.personal個(gè)人的；D.big大的。根據(jù)前文“Thehomelessmothershad___1___fromtheirhomesbecauseoftheflood.”可知，很多無(wú)家可歸的母親們逃離了家園，出門(mén)時(shí)只帶了一個(gè)手提箱或者個(gè)人物品。故選C。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.absence缺席；B.symbol象征；C.character特征；D.design設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)后文的“ofhopeandlove”可知，在公交車站等著他們的嬰兒車就成了希望和愛(ài)的象征。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：離開(kāi)家園的難民中，婦女和兒童占大多數(shù)，因?yàn)檎?0歲以下的男性留下來(lái)重建家園。A.manage設(shè)法做；B.control控制；C.predict預(yù)測(cè)；D.represent代表。根據(jù)后文“becausethegovernment___5___themenyoungerthan60toremainandrebuildtheirhome.”可知，因?yàn)檎?0歲以下的男性留下來(lái)重建家園，所以離開(kāi)家園的難民中，婦女和兒童占大多數(shù)，即以婦女和兒童為代表。故選D。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.required要求；B.permitted允許；C.reminded提醒；D.promised允諾。根據(jù)后文“toremainandrebuildtheirhome”可知，政府要求60歲以下的男性留下來(lái)重建家園。故選A。

【26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些善良的母親目睹了絕望的家庭逃離家園的令人心碎的場(chǎng)景，想要幫助他們。A.monitored監(jiān)控；B.examined檢查；C.assessed評(píng)估；D.witnessed目擊，見(jiàn)證。根據(jù)后文的“wantedtohelp”可知，這些善良的母親們親眼目睹了，絕望的家庭逃離家園的令人心碎的場(chǎng)景，由此想要幫助這些無(wú)家可歸的母親們。故選D。

【27題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：捐贈(zèng)的嬰兒車和其他必需品實(shí)際上幫助許多家庭緩解了過(guò)渡。A.privately私人地；B.actually實(shí)際地；C.crazily瘋狂地；D.completely完全地。根據(jù)后文“helpedeasethetransitionformanyfamilies.”可知，捐贈(zèng)的嬰兒車和其他必需品確實(shí)幫助了許多家庭緩解了過(guò)渡。故選B。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：支持者們也留下了溫暖的手寫(xiě)便條來(lái)表達(dá)他們的支持。A.support支持；B.admiration羨慕；C.protection保護(hù)；D.demand要求。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)eftheartwarming,handwrittennotes”可知，他們對(duì)那些無(wú)家可歸的家庭們表達(dá)了支持。故選A。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：組織捐贈(zèng)的母親們親身體會(huì)到嬰兒車給疲憊的母親和孩子帶來(lái)的安慰。A.process過(guò)程；B.donation捐贈(zèng)；C.journey旅途；D.treatment對(duì)待。根據(jù)前文“Thedonationofstrollers”可知，善良的母親們目睹了絕望家庭逃離家園的令人心碎場(chǎng)景，并想伸出援助之手。說(shuō)明組織這次捐贈(zèng)的母親們親身體會(huì)到了嬰兒車給疲憊的母親和孩子帶來(lái)的安慰。故選B。

30題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：嬰兒車提供了一種安全感，它讓母親和孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)休息和恢復(fù)體力。A.stress壓力；B.direction方向；C.balance平衡；D.safety安全。根據(jù)后文“anditallowsbothmotherandchildanopportunitytorestand___11___strength.”可知，它讓母親和孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)休息和恢復(fù)體力，由此為母親和孩子提供了安全感。故選D。

【31題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.repeat重復(fù)；B.regain重新獲得；C.recall回憶；D.review回顧，復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)前文“itallowsbothmotherand