試驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)一

...v.數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果如下表：表1水稻F2代株高數(shù)據(jù)的根本特征數(shù)根本特征數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果平均數(shù)109.7131667cm離均差平方和SS720022.226cm2方差S21202.040444cm2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差S34.67045492cm變異系數(shù)CV31.6009974%最大值max177.6cm最小值min24.4cm極差R153.2cm樣本大小n600峰值g2-0.589380069偏斜度g1-0.6121756分析：根據(jù)上表結(jié)果，在水稻F2代株高調(diào)查中，共抽取了600個(gè)樣本。樣本中最大值為177.6cm，最小值為24.4cm，極差為153.2cm；變異系數(shù)為31.6009974%；其峰值為-0.589380069，為一個(gè)小于0的值，說(shuō)明其次數(shù)分布曲線比正態(tài)分布低，為低潤(rùn)峰；其偏斜度為-0.6121756，小于0，說(shuō)明該次數(shù)分布曲線不對(duì)稱，且峰往右邊偏。表2玉米單交種株高數(shù)據(jù)的根本特征數(shù)根本特征數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果平均數(shù)229.2075cm離均差平方和SS68065.63625cm2方差S2113.6321139cm2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差S10.65983649cm變異系數(shù)CV4.6507363%最大值max257.8cm最小值min200.3cm極差R57.5cm樣本大小n600峰值g2-0.112906602偏斜度g10.005430104分析：根據(jù)上表結(jié)果，在玉米單交種株高調(diào)查中，共抽取了600個(gè)樣本。樣本中最大值為257.8cm，最小值為200.3cm，極差為57.5cm；變異系數(shù)為4.6507363%；其峰值為-0.112906602，小于0，說(shuō)明其次數(shù)分布曲線比正態(tài)分布低，為低潤(rùn)峰；其偏斜度為0.005430104，大于0，說(shuō)明該次數(shù)分布曲線不對(duì)稱，且峰往左邊偏。2、比擬兩組數(shù)據(jù)變異程度的大小：水稻F2代株高：CV1=31.6009974%玉米單交種株高：CV2=4.6507363%水稻F2代株高的變異比玉米單交種株高的變異大。3、次數(shù)分布表與次數(shù)分布圖表3水稻F2代株高的次數(shù)分布表組限組中值〔X〕次數(shù)〔f〕≤30.924.4530.9~43.937.42043.9~56.950.44956.9~69.963.45069.9~82.976.42282.9~95.989.42095.9~108.9102.466108.9~121.9115.483121.9~134.9128.4138134.9~147.9141.489147.9~160.9154.443160.9~173.9167.411>173.9180.44合計(jì)600圖1水稻F2代株高的次數(shù)分布圖表4玉米單交種株高的次數(shù)分布表組限組中值〔X〕次數(shù)〔f〕≤202.8200.34202.8~207.8205.312207.8~212.8210.324212.8~217.8215.344217.8~222.8220.377222.8~227.8225.3107227.8~232.8230.3120232.8~237.8235.388237.8~242.8240.362242.8~247.8245.336247.8~252.8250.317252.8~257.8255.39>257.8260.30合計(jì)600圖2玉米單交種株高的次數(shù)分布圖分析哪組數(shù)據(jù)更接近正態(tài)分布，為什么。水稻F2代株高的峰值為-0.589380069，偏斜度為-0.6121756；玉米單交種株高的峰值為-0.112906602，偏斜度為0.005430104；可看出玉米單交種株高的峰值與偏斜度均小于水稻F2代株高，因此玉米單交種的數(shù)據(jù)更接近正態(tài)分布。另從次數(shù)分布圖亦可看出玉米單交種株高的分布接近于正態(tài)分布。正態(tài)分布適合性測(cè)驗(yàn)。表5水稻F2代株高的正態(tài)分布適合性測(cè)驗(yàn)次數(shù)Oi累計(jì)概率pi組概率pi理論數(shù)Ei卡方分量50.0115068140.0115068146.9040886990.525131401200.0288316250.0173248110.39488628.875345944490.063843050.03501142521.0068551337.30287827500.1254159230.06157287336.943723514.614216965220.2196510630.0942351456.541084321.10123142200.3451628170.12551175475.307052440.61863992660.4906439990288708945.192070472830.6373951860050712270.2897159351380.766222780.12882759477.2965564747.67234433890.864643680.09842090159.05254036159300793050.06543562539.261374910.356006828110.9679397420.03786043622.716261796.04284241640.03206025819.2361550312.06792208600600199.8456747df=13-1-2=1018.307038051.73808E-37199.8456747分析：由于卡方分量為199.8456747，大于18.30703805。所以判斷差異顯著，可以認(rèn)為資料不服從正態(tài)分布。表6玉米單交種株高的適合性測(cè)驗(yàn)次數(shù)Oi累計(jì)概率pi組概率pi理論數(shù)Ei卡方分量40.0066192250.0066192253.9715352490.000204012120.0223089470.0156897229.413833020.710471455240.0618791160.03957016923.742101450.002801423440.1422785160.080399448.23963990.372609466770.2738906810967299190.0490109981070.4474772470.173586566104.15193940.0778809211200.63194632706814480.784552546880.7898967440770250060.483656906620.8988654410.10896869765.381218110.174861164360.9594347270.06056928636.341571610.003210405170.9865585540.02712382816.274296640.03236056190.9963437180.0097851645.8710982131.66749491100.00