Unit1DiscoverUsefulStructures動(dòng)詞不定式作表語課件-高中英語人教版選擇性

楊婷婷Unit1ArtDiscoverusefulstructuresLearningobjectivesAttheendofthislesson,Iwillbeableto:discoverandsummarizethepragmaticfeaturesandfunctionalmeaningofinfinitivesasthepredicative;realizelanguageoutputbycorrectlyusingthegrammaticalstructureofinfinitives.RecognizingthetargetstructurewaypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodoMatchingACGBFHIE

Infinitivesasthepredicative系動(dòng)詞thebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookat

WhatIwouldsuggestisto

askDiscoverandFindFunction1.表示將來或預(yù)計(jì)Idon’tknowwhatistohappentousifwegoonlikethis.如果我們這樣下去,我不知道我們會發(fā)生什么事。IwenttohavealookattheroomwhereIwastotalkthatafternoon.我去看了一下那個(gè)房間,那天下午我要在那里講話。Function2.表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要弄清楚真正需要的是什么。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是發(fā)展孩子們美好的品格。FunctionFunction4.表示命令或規(guī)定Visitorsaretoleavewhenthebellrings.來訪者必須在鈴響時(shí)離開。YouaretofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。Shecangototheparty,butshe’snottobebacklate.她可以去參加聚會,但不能晚歸。Practice表示目的表示將來表示規(guī)定表示計(jì)劃或意圖

Infinitivesasthepredicative動(dòng)詞不定式作表語Tip1：主語是以______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

等為中心的名詞詞組時(shí)，或者以__________________表示時(shí)，一般用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。

difficulty,experience,habit,job,method,principle,problem,reason,risk,role,task,thing,wish,aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan,purpose,wayadvice,ambition,custom,challenge,business,desire,有時(shí)，根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，在作表語的不定式前，還可添加疑問代詞或疑問副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句DiscoverandFind③

Allhewantedwas_______________.他只想一個(gè)人待著。④

TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.我所能幫的最起碼的事是借給她一輛車。

InfinitivesasthepredicativeTip2：當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞_____或者主語被___________________或形容詞________修飾時(shí)，其后可接“系動(dòng)詞+不定式”作句子的表語。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高級DiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑤Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.⑥Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.Tip3：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于_______________________________，具有情態(tài)意義。tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,mustDiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑦Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare___________.(愿望)如果你想成功，你必須有耐心和恒心。⑧Youare_________aface-to-facetalkwiththem.(勸告)

你必須得和他們進(jìn)行一次面對面的談話。Tip4：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語可表示“____________________________________________________________”等。意愿、禁止、預(yù)期的結(jié)果tosucceedtohaveDiscoverandFind同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑨Whois_____________thefire?

誰應(yīng)為這場大火承擔(dān)責(zé)任？⑩Thehouseis_________.

此房出租。Tip5：某些動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作表語時(shí)，需用主動(dòng)形式表示__________。toblamefortolet被動(dòng)意義DiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative1.我們需要做的就是懷有希望過好每一天。_____________________________________2.他們試圖做的是引起公眾關(guān)注。_____________________________________________3.晚上他做過的唯一的事是讀報(bào)紙。________________________________________________動(dòng)詞不定式作表語省略to的情況Allweneedtodois

live

eachdaywithhope.Whattheyattemptedtodowas

draw

public

attention.In

the

evening

theonlythinghedidwas

read

the

newspaper.動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作表語時(shí)，一般情況下不定式符號to不能省略，但當(dāng)主句主語部分含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)，可省略作表語的動(dòng)詞不定式（短語）里的不定式符號to:

Practicetofinishtohavegonetomaketomaketoput

Infinitivesasthepredicative1.

動(dòng)詞不定式和v-ing作表語時(shí)，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致，即若句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應(yīng)使用v-ing；若主語為動(dòng)詞不定式，則表語也應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別2.

動(dòng)詞不定式和v-ing作表語時(shí)可換用，但以下情況除外:(1)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的是某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為或有待于實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語。Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.

Infinitivesasthepredicative動(dòng)詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別(2)

若動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的并不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，而是表示主語的內(nèi)容，則通常用v-ing作表語。Myfavoritesportisswimming.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.1.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.

A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying簡析:首先,根據(jù)語法分析可知,待選部分是一個(gè)作定語、修飾TheOlympicGames的后置分詞短語;再根據(jù)TheOlympicGames對于動(dòng)詞play來說只能是被動(dòng)承受,且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此,該題應(yīng)選C。2.What’sthelanguage___inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak

簡析:該題應(yīng)選B。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語從句whichisspoken。3.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited

簡析:該題應(yīng)選A。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng),

等于定語從句whowereinvited。5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

簡析:該題應(yīng)選D。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語從句whichwerewritten。6.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied

簡析:很顯然,待選部分的邏輯主語是hishands,而不是句子的主語Themurderer,而hishands對于動(dòng)詞tie來說,只能是被動(dòng)承受。因此,該題應(yīng)選D。

另外,分詞作狀語時(shí),如果其邏輯主語與整個(gè)句子的主語不一致時(shí),需要獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)來替代。(此時(shí),也可把該分詞看成介詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語。)7.When_____ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.asked B.askingC.havingasked D.beingasked8.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_____ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertises B.advertisingC.advertised D.toadvertiseRewritethefollowingsentenceswiththepastparticipleasattributive.1.Let’strythebookstorethatwasopenedlastmonth.

Let’strythebookstoreopenedlastmonth.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheretiredworkers.2.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.3.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheworkerswhohadretired.4.Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主動(dòng))

=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.5.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被動(dòng))=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.6.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在進(jìn)行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.7.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

Rewritethesesentencesasonesentenceusingthepastparticipleastheattributeorpredicative.1.Ifoundthisplateonthefloor.Theplatewasbrokeninpieces.Ifoundthisbrokenplateonthefloor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomeman.HisnameisXiaoMing.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemancalledXiaoMing.3.Ilookedatthatmodemabstract(抽象)painting.Itwascoloredinyellowsandgreens.Ilookedatthatmodemabstractpaintingcoloredinyellowsandgreens.4.YesterdayIgottheanswertomyquestionontheinternet.ItwastheoneIexpected.YesterdayIgottheexpectedanswertomyquestionontheinternet.5.Sheisoneofmyfriends.Sheisdevotedtomyinterests.Sheismyfrienddevo