閱讀理解之主旨大意題（熱點(diǎn)話題）導(dǎo)學(xué)案 高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

閱讀理解之主旨大意題一、題型主旨大意題的考查形式主要有概括段落大意、_____________、______________等。二、常見(jiàn)設(shè)問(wèn)方式標(biāo)題型Whichofthefollowingcanbethebest________forthetext?Whatisthebest________forthetext?Whatmaybethebest_________forthetext?Whatcanbeasuitable________forthetext?主題型Whatisthe...paragraphmainlyabout?Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Whatisthetextabout?Whatisthe__________________ofthepassage?目的題Themainpurposeofthepassageisto考點(diǎn)考向考向1：段首，段尾常考考向2：______________（尤其是首段）?？嫁D(zhuǎn)折連詞but/however等后所跟的內(nèi)容往往是作者真實(shí)的寫(xiě)作目的或基本觀點(diǎn)，而這很有可能就是文章的中心思想?？枷?：______________常考因果連詞because，since,as,for,so,therefore等后也可表現(xiàn)出作者的目的，觀點(diǎn)和文章的主題，所以也是?？伎键c(diǎn)?？枷?：______________________的內(nèi)容常考特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)常用：破折號(hào)，括號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)。尤其是首段這些符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容往往表達(dá)了作者的觀點(diǎn)，闡述了全文的主題。四、主旨大意題解題技巧時(shí)間緊迫的情況下，只讀首尾段，確定中心。閱讀時(shí)注意出現(xiàn)頻率高的單詞，高頻詞法。排除內(nèi)容片面，單一的選項(xiàng)。一般選擇概括全文，內(nèi)容全面，含義深刻，說(shuō)明道理的選項(xiàng)。五、課堂練習(xí)典型例題1（2021年全國(guó)乙卷·24）Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infact,plentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions. D.Theircomplexdesign.典型例題2(2020年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷·31)Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨(dú)),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.FouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathreestoreyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor."Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,"saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworld,wheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.C.AhousingprobleminBritain.D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.典型例題3(2019年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷·27)

ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It’snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(來(lái)源)ofinspirationfordesigners,”saysAmandaHill…

Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart…Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”…ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends六、熱門(mén)話題及練習(xí)話題：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了北京冬奧會(huì)在制冰的原料和技術(shù)上的精益求精。難度：★★建議用時(shí)：2分鐘Althoughtheweatherisveryhotnow,thecarnivaloficeandsnowisgettingcloser.ThepreparationworkforBeijingWinterOlympicGames,whichareexpectedtobeginonFeb4,2022,hasentereditsfinalstage.InJanuary,2021,theice-makingworkonthe“IceRibbon”,alandmarkvenuefortheBeijingWinterOlympics,wascompleted.IntheWinterOlympics,whereracescanbewonorlostbyasmalltimegap,tinyimperfectionsintheicecanmakeallthedifference.“It'snotjustahunkoficelikeyou'dnormallythinkof,likeicecubessittinginyourfreezer,”toldKennethGolden,aUSmathematicianwhostudiesthestructuresofice.“It'samuchmorefascinatingandcomplexsubstancethanpeoplewouldnormallythink.”Thefirststepforbuildinganyicerinkistopurifythewatertoremovedissolvedsolidslikesaltsandminerals.Suchimpuritiesdon'tfitintheregularhexagonal(六邊形的)structureoficethatformsaswaterfreezes.Themorepurethewateris,themoreconsistenttheicesurface.Inadditiontotheneedforexcellenceintherawmaterialsofice-making,technologyisalsoveryimportant.Asoneofthemostadvancedtechnologiesforwintersportsvenues,acarbondioxide(CO2)coolingtechnologyhasbeenappliedonalargescalefortheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.CO2isnotnewwhenitcomestoice-making.However,ithasbeengraduallyreplacedbytheman-maderefrigerant,likeFreon.Withincreasingattentiontowardclimatechange,theoldrefrigeranthascomeintouseagain.Asanelementoftheatmosphere,CO2doesn'tdamagetheozonelayer.AlthoughCO2isagreenhousegas,itsgreenhouseeffectismuchlowerthanthatofothersyntheticrefrigerants.TheWinterOlympicsvenuesadoptedCO2insteadofFreonasarefrigerantinice-making,whichwillreducecarbondioxideemissionsgreatly.“WebelievethesetechnologicalinnovationswillbringBeijing2022tospectatorsallovertheworldinamoreimpressiveway,”toldGaoBofromtheMediaOperationsDepartmentoftheOrganizingCommitteeoftheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheBeijingWinterOlympicGamesIsComing.B．BeneathOlympicIce.C．TheUseofRefrigerantsinOlympicGames.D．TheStructureofIce.話題：這是一篇記敘文．講述了體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員Ellie的成功歷程難度：★★建議用時(shí)：2分鐘Elliewasaskilledgymnast（體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員）.Butshelikedshowingoff（炫耀））.Atthegymnasticstryout（選拔賽）,sheputonaperfectperformance."Seewhocandothat!"shesaidproudly.ThenextFriday,thelistwaspostedannouncingwhohadmadetheteam.Ellie'snamewasn'tonit."It'sunfair.I'mbetterthanalltheothergirls!"shesaid.Shewenttoseethecoach."Youarequitetalented,butyourattitudeisterrible,"thecoachsaid."Makingthegymnasticsteamisn'tjustaboutgymnastics.It'salsoaboutbeingonateam."ThatnightElliecomplainedtoherparents.Hermotherwasangry,butherfathersaidthatthecoachhadapoint.Theyhadabigargument.Elliecouldn'tsleep.Shekeptthinkingabout