2024年西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)《802經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)二（微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)部分）》考試大綱解析

涓撻涓€錛氭秷璐硅€呰涓?/a>絎竴閮ㄥ垎銆€鑰冪翰瑕佹眰1鎺屾彙鏁堢敤鏈€澶у寲鐨勬ā鍨嬶紝鐞嗚В娑堣垂鑰呭潎琛＄殑鏉′歡鍜屽師鍒欙紝鎺ㄥ浠鋒牸鎻愪緵鏇茬嚎錛屾帹瀵奸渶姹傚嚱鏁板拰鏇茬嚎銆?/p>2鐞嗚В鏇夸唬鏁堝簲鍜屾敹鍏ユ晥搴旓紝鑳借綆楀拰鐢誨嚭姝ｅ父鍝佸拰鍚夎姮鍟嗗搧甯屽厠鏂垎瑙ｃ€?/p>3搴旂敤錛氳兘瑙ｉ噴鍔沖姩渚涚粰鏇茬嚎鐨勫艦鐘訛紝鑳界悊瑙ｇ◣鏀跺娑堣垂鑰呰涓虹殑褰卞搷銆?/p>

絎簩閮ㄥ垎銆€鑰冭瘯澶х翰璇﹁В

涓€銆佸熀鏁版晥鐢ㄨ鑰呯殑杈歸檯鏁堢敤鍒嗘瀽娉?/p>

1鏁堢敤姒傚康鐨勬紨榪?/p>

寰緇忔祹瀛︿笂鏈夊叧娑堣垂鑰呰涓虹殑鐞嗚涓昏鏄潃閲嶄簬鏁堢敤鐞嗚鐨勫垎鏋愶紝涓€鑸彲鍒嗕負(fù)鏃╂湡鐨勫熀鏁版晥鐢紙cardinalutility錛夊強(qiáng)鐜頒唬鐨勫簭鏁版晥鐢紙ordinalutility錛夊垎鏋愶紝鍓嶈€呰涓烘晥鐢ㄦ槸鍙互鐢ㄥ熀鏁版暟瀛楀1銆?銆?鈥︽潵嫻嬮噺浜轟滑娑堣垂鍟嗗搧鎴栧姵鍔℃墍鑾峰彇鐨勪富瑙備笂鐨勬弧瓚崇▼搴︼紝鑰屽悗鑰呭垯璁や負(fù)鏁堢敤鏄棤娉曚互鏁板瓧鏉ユ祴閲忕殑錛屽彧鑳芥牴鎹弧瓚崇▼搴︾殑澶у皬鎸夐『搴忔帓鍒椼€?/p>

 

2杈歸檯鏁堢敤鐨勫惈涔?/p>

鍩烘暟鏁堢敤璁鴻€呮妸鏁堢敤鍖哄垎涓烘€繪晥鐢ㄥ拰杈歸檯鏁堢敤銆傚叾涓紝杈歸檯鏁堢敤鏄寚娑堣垂鑰呭湪涓€瀹氭椂闂村唴澧炲姞涓€鍗曚綅鍟嗗搧鐨勬秷璐規(guī)墍寰楀埌鐨勬晥鐢ㄩ噺鐨勫閲忋€?/p>

濡傛€繪晥鐢ㄥ嚱鏁頒負(fù)錛歍U錛漟錛圦錛夛紱

鍒欑浉搴旂殑杈歸檯鏁堢敤涓猴細(xì)MU錛漝TU錛圦錛?dQ錛屼篃灝辨槸瀵規(guī)晥鐢ㄥ嚱鏁版眰涓€闃跺亸瀵箋€?/p>

 

3杈歸檯鏁堢敤閫掑噺瑙勫緥

錛?錛夎竟闄呮晥鐢ㄩ€掑噺瑙勫緥鐨勫唴瀹?/p>

鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭椂闂村唴錛屽湪鍏朵粬鍟嗗搧鐨勬秷璐規(guī)暟閲忎繚鎸佷笉鍙樼殑鏉′歡涓嬶紝闅忕潃娑堣垂鑰呭鏌愮鍟嗗搧娑堣垂閲忕殑澧炲姞錛屾秷璐硅€呬粠璇ュ晢鍝佽繛緇鍔犵殑姣忎竴娑堣垂鍗曚綅涓墍寰楀埌鐨勬晥鐢ㄥ閲忓嵆杈歸檯鏁堢敤鏄€掑噺鐨勩€?/p>

鐢ㄦ暟瀛﹁璦€琛ㄧず涓猴細(xì)

鎬繪晥鐢ㄥ嚱鏁頒負(fù)澧炲嚱鏁幫紝鍗籌細(xì)鈭俇錛坸錛?鈭倄錛?錛?/p>

杈歸檯鏁堢敤鍑芥暟涓洪€掑噺鍑芥暟錛屽嵆錛氣垈2U錛坸錛?鈭倄2錛?銆?/p>

錛?錛夎竟闄呮晥鐢ㄩ€掑噺鐨勫師鍥?/p>

鈶?/span>鍥犱負(fù)鐢熺悊鎴栧績鐞嗙殑鍘熷洜錛屼漢鐨勬鏈涜櫧鐒跺縐嶅鏍鳳紝姘告棤姝㈠錛屼絾鐢熺悊絳夊洜绱犵殑闄愬埗錛屽氨姣忎釜鍏蜂綋鐨勬鏈涙弧瓚蟲潵璇村垯鏄湁闄愮殑銆傛渶鍒濇鏈涙渶澶э紝鍥犺€屾秷璐規(guī)瘡涓€鍗曚綅鍟嗗搧鏃跺緱鍒扮殑婊¤凍涔熸渶澶э紝闅忕潃鍟嗗搧娑堣垂鐨勫鍔狅紝嬈叉湜涔熼殢涔嬪噺灝戯紝浠庤€屾劅瑙変笂鐨勬弧瓚崇▼搴﹂€掑噺錛屼互鑷村綋瑕佹弧瓚崇殑嬈叉湜娑堝け鏃惰繕澧炲姞娑堣垂鐨勮瘽錛屽弽鑰屼細(xì)寮曡搗璁ㄥ帉鐨勬劅瑙夈€?/p>

鈶?/span>璁炬兂鐗╁搧鏈夊縐嶅鏍風(fēng)殑鐢ㄩ€旓紝騫朵笖鍚勭鐢ㄩ€旂殑閲嶈紼嬪害涓嶅悓錛屼漢浠€諱細(xì)鎶婂畠鍏堢敤浜庢渶閲嶈鐨勭敤閫旓紝涔熷氨鏄晥鐢ㄦ渶澶х殑鍦版柟錛岀劧鍚庢墠鏄瑕佺殑鐢ㄩ€旓紝鏁呭悗涓€鍗曚綅鐨勭墿鍝佺粰娑堣垂鑰呭甫鏉ョ殑婊¤凍鎴栨彁渚涚殑鏁堢敤涓€瀹氬皬浜庡墠涓€鍗曚綅銆?/p>

 

4娑堣垂鑰呭潎琛★紙鏃㈠畾鏉′歡涓嬬殑鏁堢敤鏈€澶у寲錛?/p>

娑堣垂鑰呭潎琛℃槸鐮旂┒鍗曚釜娑堣垂鑰呭浣曟妸鏈夐檺鐨勮揣甯佹敹鍏ュ垎閰嶅湪鍚勭鍟嗗搧鐨勮喘涔頒腑浠ヨ幏寰楁渶澶х殑鏁堢敤銆傚亣瀹氭秷璐硅€呯敤鏃㈠畾鐨勬敹鍏璐拱鍟嗗搧1鍜屽晢鍝?錛屽亣瀹氭秷璐硅€呯殑鏁堢敤鍑芥暟涓篣錛坸1錛寈2錛夛紝浠栧湪棰勭畻綰︽潫涓嬭拷姹傛晥鐢ㄦ渶澶у寲錛屽嵆鏈夛細(xì)

榪愮敤鏁板鏂規(guī)硶鍙В寰楁秷璐硅€呭潎琛℃潯浠朵負(fù)錛歁U1/P1錛滿U2/P2錛澪匯€?/p>

鍗蟲秷璐硅€呭簲閫夋嫨鏈€浼樼殑鍟嗗搧緇勫悎錛屼嬌寰楄嚜宸辮姳璐瑰湪鍚勭鍟嗗搧涓婄殑鏈€鍚庝竴鍏冮挶鎵€甯︽潵鐨勮竟闄呮晥鐢ㄧ浉絳夛紝涓旂瓑浜庤揣甯佺殑杈歸檯鏁堢敤位銆?/p>

 

5鍒╃敤杈歸檯鏁堢敤閫掑噺瑙勫緥鎺ㄥ闇€姹傛洸綰?/p>

鍩烘暟鏁堢敤璁鴻€呰涓猴紝鍟嗗搧鐨勯渶姹備環(huán)鏍煎彇鍐充簬鍟嗗搧鐨勮竟闄呮晥鐢ㄣ€傝竟闄呮晥鐢ㄨ秺澶э紝娑堣垂鑰呮効鎰忔敮浠樼殑鏈€楂樹環(huán)鏍艱秺楂橈紝鍗蟲秷璐硅€呮効鎰忔敮浠樼殑璐拱浠鋒牸涓庡晢鍝佺殑杈歸檯鏁堢敤鎴愭姣斿叧緋匯€?/p>

鏍規(guī)嵁杈歸檯鏁堢敤閫掑噺瑙勫緥錛屽綋娑堣垂閲忓鍔犳椂錛屾墍寰楀埌鐨勮竟闄呮晥鐢ㄦ槸閫掑噺鐨勩€傛寜鐓у熀鏁版晥鐢ㄨ鐨勮鐐癸紝娑堣垂鑰呮効鎰忔敮浠樼殑鏈€楂樹環(huán)鏍煎嵆闇€姹備環(huán)鏍間篃鏄€掑噺鐨勩€傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄦí杞磋〃紺烘秷璐規(guī)暟閲忥紝綰佃醬琛ㄧず鍟嗗搧浠鋒牸鐨勫潗鏍囪醬涓紝寤虹珛鍦ㄨ竟闄呮晥鐢ㄩ€掑噺瑙勫緥涓婄殑闇€姹傛洸綰挎槸鍚戝彸涓嬫柟鍊炬枩鐨勩€?/p>

 

6姘翠笌閽葷煶鎮(zhèn)栬

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浠庨渶姹備竴鏂圭湅錛屼環(huán)鏍煎彇鍐充簬鍟嗗搧鐨勮竟闄呮晥鐢紝鑰屼笉鏄€繪晥鐢ㄣ€傚浜庢按錛屾按婧愬厖瓚籌紝浜轟滑瀵規(guī)按鐨勬秷璐歸噺澶э紝鍥犺€屽叾杈歸檯鏁堢敤寰堝皬錛屼環(huán)鏍間篃灝卞緢渚垮疁銆傚悓鐞嗭紝閽葷煶鐨勮竟闄呮晥鐢ㄥ緢澶э紝鍏朵環(huán)鏍間篃灝辯浉搴斿湴鏄傝吹銆?/p>

浠庝緵緇欎竴鏂圭湅錛岀敱浜庢按婧愬厖瓚籌紝姘寸殑鎴愭湰寰堜綆錛屽洜鑰屽叾浠鋒牸涔熶綆銆傞捇鐭沖垯寰堢█緙猴紝鐢熶駭閽葷煶鐨勬垚鏈篃寰堝ぇ錛屽洜鑰岄捇鐭沖緢鏄傝吹銆?/p>

緇煎悎闇€姹傚拰渚涚粰涓ゆ柟闈紝鍒欐按渚垮疁錛岄捇鐭蟲槀璐點(diǎn)€傚嵆铏界劧姘寸殑浣跨敤浠峰€兼瀬澶э紝鍗存病鏈変氦鎹環(huán)鍊鹼紱鑰岄捇鐭沖嚑涔庢病鏈変嬌鐢ㄤ環(huán)鍊鹼紝鍗村彲浠ヤ氦鎹㈠ぇ閲忕殑鍏朵粬鍟嗗搧銆?/p>

浜屻€佸簭鏁版晥鐢ㄨ鑰呯殑鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰垮垎鏋愭硶

1鍏充簬鍋忓ソ鐨勫亣瀹?/p>

娑堣垂鑰呭亸濂斤紙consumerpreferences錛夋槸鎸囨秷璐硅€呮牴鎹嚜宸辯殑鎰忔効瀵瑰叾鎵€娑堣垂鐨勫彲鑳界殑鍟嗗搧緇勫悎鎵€榪涜鐨勫枩濂介『搴忕殑鎺掑垪銆傚簭鏁版晥鐢ㄨ鑰呮彁鍑轟簡鍏充簬娑堣垂鑰呭亸濂界殑浠ヤ笅涓変釜鍩烘湰鐨勫亣瀹氾細(xì)

錛?錛夊畬澶囨€?/p>

鍋囧畾浠諱綍涓や釜娑堣垂鏉熼兘鏄彲浠ユ瘮杈冪殑銆傛垨鑰呰錛岀粰瀹氫袱涓秷璐規(guī)潫X鍜孻錛岀悊鎬ф秷璐硅€呰兘澶熺‘瀹氬摢涓€涓槸鏇村ソ鐨勬垨鑰呬袱鑰呮棤宸紓錛屽嵆娑堣垂鑰呭叿鏈夊繀瑕佺殑鑳藉姏涓庣煡璇嗗幓鍖哄垎涓庤瘎浠蜂笉鍚岀殑娑堣垂璁″垝銆?/p>

錛?錛変紶閫掓€?/p>

緇欏畾娑堣垂鏉焁銆乊鍜孼錛屽鏋淴濂戒簬Y錛孻濂戒簬Z錛屽垯X涓€瀹氬ソ浜嶼銆傝繖璇存槑娑堣垂鑰呯殑閫夋嫨鏄竴鑷寸殑銆?/p>

錛?錛夊亸濂界殑闈為ケ鍜屾€?/p>

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2鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰垮強(qiáng)鍏剁壒鐐?/p>

錛?錛夋棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勫惈涔?/p>

鍦ㄥ簭鏁版晥鐢ㄨ涓紝閫氬父鐢ㄦ棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鏉ュ浘瑙ｆ秷璐硅€呯殑鍋忓ソ銆傛棤宸紓鏇茬嚎錛圛ndifferencecurve錛夋槸鎸囧湪鏌愮壒瀹氭湡闂村唴錛屾煇娑堣垂鑰呬負(fù)緇存寔涓€涓浉鍚岀殑鏁堢敤姘村鉤錛屽鍏舵墍娑堣垂涓ょ鐗╁搧鍚勭涓嶅悓緇勫悎鎵€褰㈡垚鐨勭偣鐨勮建榪廣€傛棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勭粯鍒跺鍥?-1鎵€紺恒€?/p>

鍥?-1銆€鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰?/p>

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鍏朵腑錛孶0鏄父鏁幫紝琛ㄧず鏌愪釜鏁堢敤姘村鉤銆?/p>

錛?錛夋棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勪笁涓熀鏈壒寰?/p>

鈶?/span>鍦ㄥ悓涓€鍧愭爣騫抽潰涓婄殑浠諱綍涓ゆ潯鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰夸箣闂達(dá)紝鍙互鏈夋棤鏁版潯鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰褲€傜鍘熺偣璺濈榪滅殑鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰挎瘮紱誨師鐐硅窛紱昏繎鐨勬棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鏁堢敤澶э紙鏁堢敤琚湅浣滄槸鎻忚堪鍋忓ソ鐨勪竴縐嶆柟娉曪級銆?/p>

鈶?/span>鍦ㄥ悓涓€鍧愭爣騫抽潰鍥句笂鐨勪換浣曚袱鏉℃棤宸紓鏇茬嚎涓嶄細(xì)鐩鎬氦銆?/p>

 

鍥?-2銆€鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰夸笉鑳界浉浜?/p>

鍥?-2涓紝a鍜宐榪欎袱涓秷璐規(guī)潫鍦ㄥ悓涓€鏉℃棤宸紓鏇茬嚎涓婏紝琛ㄦ槑娑堣垂鑰呭榪欎袱涓秷璐規(guī)潫鍋忓ソ鐩稿悓錛沘鍜宑榪欎袱涓秷璐規(guī)潫鍦ㄥ悓涓€鏉℃棤宸紓鏇茬嚎涓婏紝琛ㄦ槑娑堣垂鑰呭榪欎袱涓秷璐規(guī)潫鍋忓ソ鐩稿悓銆傛牴鎹紶閫掓€у叕鐞嗭紝鍙互鎺ㄥ嚭錛歜锝瀋銆傞棶棰樻槸錛宑娑堣垂鏉熷甫鏉ョ殑鏁堢敤姘村鉤鏄庢樉楂樹簬b娑堣垂鏉熷甫鏉ョ殑鏁堢敤姘村鉤錛屽嵆鐞嗘€х殑娑堣垂鑰呮洿鍋忓悜浜巆娑堣垂鏉熴€傚洜姝わ紝鐩鎬氦鐨勪袱鏉℃棤宸紓鏇茬嚎榪濊儗浜嗗亸濂界殑浼犻€掓€у叕鐞嗐€?/p>

鈶?/span>鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰挎槸鍑稿悜鍘熺偣鐨勶紝涓旀棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勬枩鐜囩殑緇濆鍊兼槸閫掑噺鐨勶紝浣撶幇浜嗚竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼閫掑噺瑙勫緥銆?/p>

 

3鏁堢敤鍑芥暟

錛?錛夋晥鐢ㄥ嚱鏁扮殑姒傚康

鍦ㄤ互娑堣垂鑰呭亸濂戒負(fù)鍩虹鐨勬秷璐硅€呰涓虹悊璁轟腑錛屾晥鐢ㄤ粎浠呯湅浣滄槸鎻忚堪鍋忓ソ鐨勪竴縐嶆柟娉曘€備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝娑堣垂鏉焁鐨勬晥鐢ㄥぇ浜庢秷璐規(guī)潫Y鐨勬晥鐢紝鎰忓懗鐫€瀵規(guī)秷璐規(guī)潫錛坸1錛寈2錛夌殑鍋忓ソ瓚呰繃瀵規(guī)秷璐規(guī)潫錛坹1錛寉2錛夌殑鍋忓ソ銆?/p>

錛?錛変粠鏁堢敤鍑芥暟鎺ㄥ鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰?/p>

緇欏畾涓€涓晥鐢ㄥ嚱鏁皍錛坸1錛寈2錛夛紝閫氬父鍙互閲囩敤浠ヤ笅姝ラ鏉ユ帹瀵兼棤宸紓鏇茬嚎錛?/p>

絎竴錛屼護(hù)甯告暟k錛漸錛坸1錛寈2錛夛紝閫傚綋鍙樻崲琛ㄧず涓哄嚱鏁皒2錛漟錛坸1錛夈€?/p>

浠庤€屾牴鎹繖涓〃杈懼紡鐢誨嚭鐩稿簲鐨勬棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勫艦鐘躲€?/p>

絎簩錛屽彉鍖杒鐨勫ぇ灝忥紙涔熷嵆鏁堢敤鍊鹼級鐪嬫洸綰跨殑鍙樺寲錛岃繖鏍峰氨鑳藉緢蹇湴鐢誨嚭鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰跨殑褰㈢姸鍜屽彉鍖栨柟鍚戙€?/p>

絎笁錛岀敾鍑烘棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鍚庯紝鍦ㄨ鏇茬嚎涓婇殢渚挎壘鍑轟袱鐐癸紝榪炴帴涓ょ偣錛岀湅綰夸笂鐨勭偣鏄惁姣旂鐐硅揪鍒版洿楂樼殑鏁堢敤銆傚鏋滅嚎涓婄殑鐐瑰拰绔偣鏁堢敤涓€鏍風(fēng)敋鑷蟲瘮绔偣鏁堢敤鏇撮珮錛屽垯涓哄嚫鎬у亸濂斤紝濡傛灉綰夸笂鐨勭偣姣旂鐐規(guī)晥鐢ㄦ洿宸紝鍒欎笉鏄嚫鎬у亸濂姐€?/p>

 

4杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囧強(qiáng)鍏墮€掑噺娉曞垯

錛?錛夊晢鍝佺殑杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜?/p>

鍟嗗搧鐨勮竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼錛坢arginalrateofsubstitution錛孧RS錛夋槸鎸囧湪緇存寔鏁堢敤姘村鉤涓嶅彉鐨勫墠鎻愪笅錛屾秷璐硅€呭鍔犱竴鍗曚綅鏌愮鍟嗗搧鐨勬秷璐規(guī)暟閲忔椂鎵€闇€瑕佹斁寮冪殑鍙︿竴縐嶅晢鍝佺殑娑堣垂鏁伴噺銆傚晢鍝?瀵瑰晢鍝?鐨勮竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼鐨勫畾涔夊叕寮忎負(fù)錛?/p>

MRS錛濓紞螖X2/螖X1

涔嬫墍浠ュ湪鍏紡涓姞涓€涓礋鍙鳳紝鏄負(fù)浜嗕嬌MRS涓烘鍊箋€傝竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼鐨勫彟涓€縐嶉噸瑕佹暟瀛﹁〃榪頒負(fù)錛?/p>

MRS12錛滿U1/MU2

鍙互鐢ㄥ叏寰垎娉曡瘉鏄庡涓嬶細(xì)

緇存寔鏁堢敤姘村鉤涓嶅彉錛屽嵆浣垮緱鏁堢敤澧為噺dU錛?錛岃繖縐嶅彉鍖栧彲浠ヨ〃紺轟負(fù)錛?/p>

鏁寸悊寰楋細(xì)MRS12錛濓紞dX2/dX1錛滿U1/MU2銆?/p>

錛?錛夊晢鍝佺殑杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囬€掑噺瑙勫緥

鍟嗗搧鐨勮竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼閫掑噺瑙勫緥鏄寚錛氬湪緇存寔鏁堢敤姘村鉤涓嶅彉鐨勫墠鎻愪笅錛岄殢鐫€涓€縐嶅晢鍝佺殑娑堣垂鏁伴噺鐨勮繛緇鍔狅紝娑堣垂鑰呬負(fù)寰楀埌姣忎竴鍗曚綅鐨勮繖縐嶅晢鍝佹墍闇€瑕佹斁寮冪殑鍙︿竴縐嶅晢鍝佺殑娑堣垂鏁伴噺鏄€掑噺鐨勩€?/p>

杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囬€掑噺搴旀弧瓚充互涓嬫潯浠訛細(xì)f22f11錛?f1f2f12錛媐12f22錛?銆?/p>

璇佹槑濡備笅錛?/p>

MRS錛漟x/fy錛漟1/f2錛濓紞dy/dx

鍥犱負(fù)f1/f2錛濓紞dy/dx錛屾墍浠ワ紝鏈夛細(xì)

鐢變簬f12錛漟21錛屾晠錛?/p>

鐢變簬杈歸檯鏁堢敤涓烘錛宖2錛?錛屾墍浠ヨ竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼閫掑噺錛屽簲婊¤凍錛歠22f11錛?f1f2f12錛媐12f22錛?銆?/p>

浠庡嚑浣曠殑瑙掑害鐪嬶紝杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囧氨鏄棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鍦ㄨ鐐圭殑鏂滅巼鐨勭粷瀵瑰€箋€傚洜姝わ紝杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囬€掑噺瑙勫緥鍐沖畾浜嗘棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勬枩鐜囩殑緇濆鍊兼槸閫掑噺鐨勶紝鍗蟲棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鏄嚫鍚戝師鐐圭殑銆?/p>

 

5棰勭畻綰跨殑姒傚康

棰勭畻綰匡紙budgetline錛夊張縐頒負(fù)棰勭畻綰︽潫綰褲€佹秷璐瑰彲鑳界嚎鍜屼環(huán)鏍肩嚎錛岃〃紺哄湪娑堣垂鑰呯殑鏀跺叆鍜屽晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸緇欏畾鐨勬潯浠朵笅錛屾秷璐硅€呯殑鍏ㄩ儴鏀跺叆鎵€鑳借喘涔板埌鐨勪袱縐嶅晢鍝佺殑鍚勭緇勫悎錛屽鍥?-3鎵€紺恒€?/p>

鍥?-3銆€棰勭畻綰?/p>

鍋囧畾浠琛ㄧず娑堣垂鑰呯殑鏃㈠畾鏀跺叆錛屼互P1鍜孭2鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず鍟嗗搧1鍜屽晢鍝?鐨勪環(huán)鏍鹼紝浠1鍜孹2鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず鍟嗗搧1鍜屽晢鍝?鐨勬暟閲忥紝閭ｄ箞錛岀浉搴旂殑棰勭畻絳夊紡涓猴細(xì)P1X1錛婸2X2錛滻銆?/p>

璇ラ綆楃嚎鐨勬枩鐜囦負(fù)錛峆1/P2錛屽畠鐨勭粡嫻庡鍚箟鏄細(xì)甯傚満鎰挎剰鐢ㄥ晢鍝乆1鏉モ€滄浛浠ｂ€濆晢鍝乆2鐨勬瘮鐜囥€?/p>

 

6娑堣垂鑰呴€夋嫨

鍦ㄤ竴瀹氱殑棰勭畻綰︽潫涓嬶紝涓轟簡瀹炵幇鏈€澶х殑鏁堢敤錛屾秷璐硅€呭簲璇ラ€夋嫨鏈€浼樼殑鍟嗗搧緇勫悎錛屼嬌寰椾袱縐嶅晢鍝佺殑杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囩瓑浜庝袱縐嶅晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸涔嬫瘮銆?/p>

鍥?-4銆€娑堣垂鑰呴€夋嫨

鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰夸笌棰勭畻綰跨浉鍒囨椂錛堟棤宸紓鏇茬嚎涓烘爣鍑嗗艦寮忥級錛屾秷璐硅€呭疄鐜版晥鐢ㄦ渶澶у寲銆傛棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鐨勬枩鐜囩殑緇濆鍊煎氨鏄晢鍝佺殑杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜嘙RS12錛岃€岄綆楃嚎鐨勬枩鐜囩殑緇濆鍊煎彲浠ョ敤涓ょ鍟嗗搧鐨勪環(huán)鏍間箣姣擯1/P2鏉ヨ〃紺恒€傜敱姝わ紝鍦ㄥ潎琛＄偣鏈夛細(xì)MRS12錛漃1/P2銆?/p>

絳夊紡宸﹁竟琛ㄧず娑堣垂鑰呯殑鏇挎崲鎰忔効錛岀瓑寮忓彸杈硅〃紺哄競鍦虹殑鏇挎崲鎰忔効銆?/p>

 

7闇€姹傚嚱鏁板拰闇€姹傛洸綰?/p>

錛?錛夐渶姹傚嚱鏁?/p>

闇€姹傚嚱鏁版槸琛ㄧず涓€縐嶅晢鍝佺殑闇€姹傛暟閲忓拰褰卞搷璇ラ渶姹傛暟閲忕殑鍚勭鍥犵礌涔嬮棿鐨勭浉浜掑叧緋匯€?/p>

鍋囧畾鍏朵粬鍥犵礌淇濇寔涓嶅彉錛屼粎浠呭垎鏋愪竴縐嶅晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸瀵硅鍟嗗搧闇€姹傞噺鐨勫獎(jiǎng)鍝嶏紝鍗蟲妸涓€縐嶅晢鍝佺殑闇€姹傞噺浠呬粎鐪嬫垚鏄繖縐嶅晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸鐨勫嚱鏁幫紝浜庢槸錛岄渶姹傚嚱鏁板氨鍙互鐢ㄤ笅寮忚〃紺猴細(xì)Qd錛漟錛圥錛夈€傚紡涓紝P涓哄晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸錛決d涓哄晢鍝佺殑闇€姹傞噺銆?/p>

錛?錛夐渶姹傛洸綰跨殑鎺ㄥ

鍦ㄦ敹鍏ュ拰鍏朵粬鍟嗗搧浠鋒牸涓嶅彉鐨勬儏鍐典笅錛岃涓€縐嶅晢鍝佺殑浠鋒牸鍙樺寲褰㈡垚涓€緋誨垪闇€姹傛潫錛屽皢榪欎簺闇€姹傛潫榪炴帴璧鋒潵錛屽氨鏄環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰匡紝鍗充環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰胯〃紺哄湪娑堣垂鑰呯殑鍋忓ソ銆佹敹鍏ヤ互鍙?qiáng)鍏朵粬鍟嗗搧洵h(huán)鏍間笉鍙樼殑鏉′歡涓嬶紝涓庢煇涓€縐嶅晢鍝佺殑涓嶅悓浠鋒牸姘村鉤鐩歌仈緋葷殑娑堣垂鑰呮晥鐢ㄦ渶澶у寲鐨勫潎琛＄偣鐨勮建榪廣€?/p>

鍥?-5銆€浠鋒牸鎻愪緵鏇茬嚎鍜岄渶姹傛洸綰?/p>

闇€姹傛洸綰匡紙demandcurve錛夋槸鍟嗗搧鐨勯渶姹傞噺鍜屼環(huán)鏍煎叧緋葷殑鏇茬嚎銆備環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰垮拰闇€姹傛洸綰跨殑鎺ㄥ榪囩▼濡傚浘1-5鎵€紺恒€?/p>

鍙互鐪嬪嚭錛岄渶姹傛洸綰夸笂鐨勬瘡涓€涓偣琛ㄧず瀵逛簬姣忎竴涓壒瀹氱殑闇€姹傞噺Q錛屾秷璐硅€呮墍鑳芥壙鍙楃殑鏈€楂樹環(huán)鏍鹼紱鎴栬€呮崲涓搴﹁錛岄渶姹傛洸綰夸笂涓庢瘡涓€浠鋒牸姘村鉤鐩稿搴旂殑鍟嗗搧闇€姹傞噺閮芥槸鍙互緇欐秷璐硅€呭甫鏉ユ渶澶ф晥鐢ㄧ殑鍧囪鏁伴噺銆?/p>

鍙﹀錛屾牴鎹環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰垮彲浠ュ垽鏂袱縐嶅晢鍝佺殑鍏崇郴錛氫環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰垮悜涓嬪€炬枩錛屽垯涓ょ鍟嗗搧琚涓烘浛浠ｅ搧錛涗環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰垮悜涓婂€炬枩錛屽垯涓ょ鍟嗗搧琚涓轟簰琛ュ搧銆?/p>

涓夈€佺壒孌婄被鍨嬪亸濂界殑娑堣垂鑰呴渶姹傚垎鏋?/p>

1瀹屽叏鏇夸唬鍝?/p>

瀹屽叏鏇夸唬鍝佹槸鎸囦袱縐嶅晢鍝佷箣闂寸殑鏇夸唬姣斾緥鏄浐瀹氫笉鍙樼殑鎯呭喌銆傚湪瀹屽叏鏇夸唬鐨勬儏鍐典笅錛屼袱鍟嗗搧涔嬮棿鐨勮竟闄呮浛浠ｇ巼MRS12灝辨槸涓€涓父鏁幫紝鐩稿簲鐨勬棤宸紓鏇茬嚎鏄竴鏉℃枩鐜囦笉鍙樼殑鐩寸嚎錛屽悜涓嬪€炬枩銆備袱縐嶅晢鍝佺浉搴旂殑鏁堢敤鍑芥暟涓猴細(xì)

U錛坸1錛寈2錛夛紳ax1錛媌x2

錛?錛変環(huán)鏍兼彁渚涙洸綰垮拰闇€姹傛洸綰?/p>

鍥?-6銆€瀹屽叏鏇夸唬鎯呭喌涓嬬殑浠鋒牸鎻愪緵鏇茬嚎鍜岄渶姹傛洸綰?/p>

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2瀹屽叏浜掕ˉ鍝?/p>

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鏃犺浠鋒牸濡備綍錛屾秷璐硅€呭鍟嗗搧1鍜屽晢鍝?鐨勯渶姹傞噺姣斾緥鎬繪槸鐩稿悓鐨勩€傚洜姝わ紝娑堣垂鑰呯殑浠鋒牸鎻愪緵鏇茬嚎鎬繪槸涓€鏉＄粡榪囧師鐐規(guī)枩鐜囦負(fù)a/b鐨勭洿綰匡紝濡傚浘1-8錛坅錛夋墍紺恒€傜敱浜庡晢鍝?鐨勯渶姹傚彲浠ヨ〃紺轟負(fù)錛歺1錛漛m/錛坆p1錛媋p2錛夈€?/p>

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濡傛灉涓ょ鍟嗗搧涓哄畬鍏ㄤ簰琛ュ搧錛屽垯娑堣垂鑰呭鍔犱竴鍗曚綅鏀跺叆鏃訛紝瀵規(guī)瘡縐嶅晢鍝佺殑娑堣垂澧為噺鎬繪槸鐩稿悓鐨勶紝鎵€浠ユ敹鍏ユ彁渚涙洸綰挎槸涓€鏉＄粡榪囧師鐐圭殑瀵硅綰匡紝濡傚浘1-9錛坅錛夋墍紺恒€傚晢鍝?鐨勯渶姹傛槸x1錛漛m/錛坆p1錛媋p2錛夈€?/p>

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3鏌竷-閬撴牸鎷夋柉鏁堢敤鍑芥暟

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閭ｄ箞鏈€浼橀€夋嫨涓猴細(xì)

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鍒?/p>

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鍥涖€佷環(huán)鏍兼晥搴旂殑甯屽厠鏂垎瑙?/p>

1鏇夸唬鏁堝簲鍜屾敹鍏ユ晥搴旂殑瀹氫箟

錛?錛夋浛浠ｆ晥搴?/p>

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2鍒╃敤鏇夸唬鏁堝簲鍜屾敹鍏ユ晥搴斿垎鏋愭甯稿晢鍝併€佸姡絳夊搧鍜屽悏鑺晢鍝?/p>

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3鐗規(guī)畩鍋忓ソ涓嬶紝鍟嗗搧浠鋒牸鏁堝簲鐨勫笇鍏嬫柉鍒嗘瀽錛堜互鍟嗗搧1鐨勪環(huán)鏍間笅闄嶄負(fù)渚嬶級

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