2022-2023學(xué)年山東省日照市高一下學(xué)期期中考試校級聯(lián)考英語試卷原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年山東省日照市高一下學(xué)期期中考試校級聯(lián)考英語試卷（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）2022級高一下學(xué)期期中校際聯(lián)合考試

英語試題

2023.04

本試卷共四部分，共12頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的條形碼粘貼在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whenwillthewomanwalkthedog

A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.

2.Whathobbywillthegirlpossiblychoose

A.Reading.B.Playingsports.C.Cooking.

3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing

A.Eatingathome.B.Diningout.C.Buyingsomefood.

4Whyisthemanmad

A.Thedishesaredirty.B.Theroomsmellsbad.C.Thegarbageiseverywhere.

5.Wherewillthewomanleavetheshoes

A.Intherain.B.Inthegarage.C.Bythedoor.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoestheman’ssistergetfromtheclub

A.Flowers.B.Fruittrees.C.Vegetables

7.Howmanyplantswilltheman’ssistergetthismonth

A.One.B.Two.C.Four.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Howoftendoesthemangotothegym

A.Everyday.B.Fivetimesperweek.C.Fivetimesamonth.

9.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonSundays

A.Bikearound.B.StudyChineseC.Relaxathome.

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Hobbies.B.Studies.C.Exercise.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Howlongistheman’svacationfortheSpringFestival

A.Threedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.

12.Whydoesthemanhaveadifferentschedule

A.HeaskedforleaveinJune.

B.Hedoesn’tcelebratetheSpringFestival.

C.Hetakesturnswithanotheremployeeforvacations.

13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Guideandtourist.B.Co-workers.C.Strangers.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whoisthemanprobably

A.Thewoman’sgrandson.B.Thewoman’steacher.C.Thewoman’sboss.

15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttolearn

A.Howtousesocialmedia.B.Howtomakevideos.C.Howtodrive.

16.Howlongwillthecourselast

A.Twoweeks.B.Threeweeks.C.Onemonth.

17.Howdoesthewomandescribetheman

A.Clever.B.Trusting.C.Positive.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhendidNewZealandbecometrulyindependent

A.1841.B.1947.C.1853.

19.WhoisNewZealand’sheadofstate

A.QueenElizabethⅡ.B.JacindaArdern.C.PeterJackson.

20.WhatisthebiggestmountaininNewZealand

A.MitrePeak.B.MountTasman.C.MountCook.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Withgreenmountainsandwidebeaches—aswellasruins(廢墟)fromthedaysoftheancientGreeksandRomans—theislandnationofCyprusintheeasternMediterraneanoffersalargenumberofeye-catchingplacestovisit.Herearejustafew.

PaintedChurchesintheTroodosMountains

TheTroodosMountains,onthesouthernsideoftheisland,arepopularforwalkerandwintersportsfans.Butthey’realsofamousforagroupofchurcheswhoseinsidewallsarecoveredwithcolorfulpaintingsfromasfarbackasthe11thcentury.Fromtheoutside,thebuildingsmaynotlookveryspecial,butstepinsideandalmosteverystonetellsastoryoftheancientpast.

AyiaNapa

Ontheeastcoast,AyiaNapaistheisland’spartycapital—butthat’snotallthereistodo.In2023,theMuseumofUnderwaterSculptureopenedaround200metersfromthebeach.Visitorsmustbookwithalocaldivingcompanyinordertoseethesculptures,ofwhichtherearemorethan90.AccordingtoartistJasondeCairesTaylor,theideaofthemuseumistomakepeoplethinkaboutthewaythathumansandnaturelivetogether.

NorthernCyprus

TheTurkish-speakingnorthernpartoftheisland—whichhascalleditselfanindependentstatesince1983—isquieterthanthesouth.ButthereislotstoseebothinthebackstreetsofGirneandLefkosa—alsoknownasKyreniaandNorthNicosia—aswellastheancientcityofSalamis,withits2,000-year-oldoutdoortheater.

1.WhataretheTroodosMountainsknownfor

A.Hugestones.B.Strangebuildings.

C.Ancientchurches.D.Dangeroussports.

2.WhatmakestheMuseumofUnderwaterSculpturesospecial

A.Itslocation.B.Itshistory.C.Itssize.D.Itscollection.

3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom

A.Ahistoricalnovel.B.Asciencereport.

C.Ageographybook.D.Atravelmagazine.

【答案】1.C2.D3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了位于地中海東部的Cyprus島國的幾個(gè)引人注目的景點(diǎn)。

1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章PaintedChurchesintheTroodosMountains部分“Butthey’realsofamousforagroupofchurcheswhoseinsidewallsarecoveredwithcolorfulpaintingsfromasfarbackasthe11thcentury.(但是它們也因一組教堂而聞名，這些教堂的內(nèi)墻上掛滿了遠(yuǎn)至11世紀(jì)的彩色繪畫)”可知，特羅多斯山以古老的教堂而聞名。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AyiaNapa部分“Visitorsmustbookwithalocaldivingcompanyinordertoseethesculptures,ofwhichtherearemorethan90.(游客必須項(xiàng)當(dāng)?shù)氐臐撍绢A(yù)定才能看到這些超過90件的雕塑)”可知，水下雕塑博物館的收藏的雕塑使得它如此特別，故選D。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“theislandnationofCyprusintheeasternMediterraneanoffersalargenumberofeye-catchingplacestovisit.(位于地中海東部的Cyprus島國就提供了大量引人注目的景點(diǎn))”以及后文分別介紹了三個(gè)著名的景點(diǎn)可推知，這篇文章可能來自于一本與旅游相關(guān)的旅游雜志。故選D。

B

SylvesterStallonehadbeenastrugglingactorbeforeheachievedhisgreatsuccessasanactorandscreenwriter,startingin1976withhisroleasboxerRockyBalboa,inthefirstfilmofthesuccessfulRockyseries.

Stallonewassopooratonepointthathesoldhiswife’sjewellery(珠寶).Heendedupbecominghomeless,sleepinginabusstation,andstruggledtoaffordfood.Heevenmanagedtogetasmallamountofmoneyinhispocketbysellinghisdogfor$25.

Soonafter,Stallonedecidedtotakehiscareerintohisownhandsandwriteamovieroleforhimself.Afterwatchingaboxingmatch,Stallonewrotethescript(腳本)forRockyveryquickly,andsoonastudiowantedtobuythescreenplaytomake.

Stallonewasoffered$125,000fortheRockyscript,butthetroubleforthestudiowasthatStallonewantedtostarinthemovie.Stallonewaspenniless,buthestillturneddown$125,000inordertochasehisdream.

Afterbeingrefusedontheideathathe“l(fā)ookedandtalkedfunny”,Stallonewasthenoffered$250,000forthescreenplay.Herefusedunlesshecouldstar.Hewasthenoffered$350,000.Againherefused.

Thestudiowantedthisscreenplaysobadly,butwasnotwillingtoriskthemoneyonthisunknownactor.Stallonestayedstrong,andeventuallythestudiogavehimasmallamountforthescriptandlethimstar.

Withhisfortunesup,Stallonewenttobuybackhisdog,buttheguyhesoldittowouldnotsellhimback.Stalloneofferedtheman$1,000forthedog,butthemanrefused.Eventually,themanaccepted$15,000forthedog.

AndthisiswhyStallonehasdeservedhissuccessandwhyheisonthislistofthebestinspiringstories—becausehewaswillingtodowhateverittakestogethisdream.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutStallonefromparagraph2

A.Helivedaveryhardlife.B.Hedidn’twanttoworkhard.

C.Hemadealivingbysellingdogs.D.Hedidn’tgetonwellwithhiswife.

5.WhydidthestudiorefusetooffertheroletoStalloneatfirst

A.Hewasn’taresponsibleactor.B.Heaskedtoomuchforhisscript.

C.Theyhadalreadyfoundafamousstar.D.Theythoughthewasn’ttherightperson.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStallone

A.Humorous.B.Honest.C.Determined.D.Creative.

7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext

A.Stallone’sRockySeriesB.Stallone’sWell-writtenScript

C.Stallone’sRoadtoSuccessD.Stallone’sJourneytoFortunes

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，主要講述了Stallone的成功之路。

4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Stallonewassopooratonepointthathesoldhiswife’sjewellery(珠寶).Heendedupbecominghomeless,sleepinginabusstation,andstruggledtoaffordfood.(Stallone一度非常貧窮，以至于賣掉了妻子的珠寶。他最終無家可歸，睡在公交站，難以支付得起食物)”可推知，Stallone過著非常艱難的生活。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Afterbeingrefusedontheideathathe“l(fā)ookedandtalkedfunny”,Stallonewasthenoffered$250,000forthescreenplay.(Stallone因?yàn)椤L相和談吐都很有趣’而被拒絕，他得到了25萬美元?jiǎng)”緢?bào)價(jià))”可知，工作室一開始拒絕讓Stallone出演這個(gè)角色是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為他不是合適的人選。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AndthisiswhyStallonehasdeservedhissuccessandwhyheisonthislistofthebestinspiringstories—becausehewaswillingtodowhateverittakestogethisdream.(這也就是為什么Stallone值得他的成功，也是為什么他被列入這個(gè)最佳勵(lì)志故事名單的原因——因?yàn)樗敢獠幌б磺写鷥r(jià)來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想)”可推知，Stallone是一個(gè)非常有決心，意志堅(jiān)定的人。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AndthisiswhyStallonehasdeservedhissuccessandwhyheisonthislistofthebestinspiringstories—becausehewaswillingtodowhateverittakestogethisdream.(這也就是為什么Stallone值得他的成功，也是為什么他被列入這個(gè)最佳勵(lì)志故事名單的原因——因?yàn)樗敢獠幌б磺写鷥r(jià)來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想)”以及全文可知，文章主要講述了Stallone的成功之路。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Stallone的成功之路”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

C

Francehaschangedtherulesinitsgrocerystoresandmarketplaces.StartingonJanuary1,2022,mostfreshfruitsandvegetablescannolongerbepackagedforsalernplastic.

Underthenewlaw,morethan30typesoffruitsandvegetablesmustnowbesoldinmaterialsthatcanberecycled.Potatoes,tomatoes,applesandcarrotsaresomeoftheitemsincludedinthelist.Plasticwillstillbeallowedforpacksthatareover1.5kilograms.Smalleritemssuchasraspberriesandcherrytomatoescanstillbesoldinplasticfornow,butthecountryplanstoban(禁止)allsingle-useplasticpackagingforwholefruitsandvegetablesby2026.

ThisbanonplasticpackagingispartofabroadereffortbyFrancetocontrolplasticwasteacrossarangeofsectors.Othereffortsincludepreventingrestaurantsfromincludingplastictoysinchildren’smeals,newspapersandmagazinesfrombeingdeliveredinplastic,andteabagsbeingsoldinplasticpackages.Furthermore,publiclocationsmustprovidewaterrefillstationstodisincentivizetheuseofsingle-usewaterbottles.

It’sbelievedthat37%offreshfruitsandvegetablesarewrappedinplasticinFrance.Thegovernmentsaysthenewbanwillstoponebillionpiecesofplasticfrombeingusedeachyear.

Noteveryoneishappywiththechange.FranoisRoch,presidentoftheFrenchfruitsellers’federation,toldReuters,“Sellinglooseproduceiscomplicated(復(fù)雜的)asmanycustomerstouchthefruitandpeopledonotwanttheirfruittobetouchedbyothercustomers.”

ThebanwilllikelyrequireachangeinhabitsShopperswillprobablyhavetotaketheirownreusablebagstofillandweigh.ItwillbeinterestingtoseehowFrancedealswiththecomplicationsthatcomewithsellinglooseproduce,andwhetherothercountriesfollowsuit,onceaprecedent(先例)hasbeenset.

8.What’sthepurposeofthenewban

AToreduceplasticwaste.B.Tocontroloverspending.

C.Torecycleplasticproducts.D.Tofightover-packaging.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disincentivize”meaninparagraph3

A.Ignore.B.Measure.C.Increase.D.Discourage.

10.HowdoesFranoisRochfeelaboutthenewlaw

A.Relaxed.B.Dissatisfied.C.Surprised.D.Interested.

11.Whatisaprobableresultofthebanaccordingtotheauthor

A.Moreattentiontoahealthylifestyle.B.Achangeincustomers’shoppinghabits.

C.Fewertipstostoresandsupermarkets.D.Adropinthesaleoffruitsandvegetables.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了法國已經(jīng)改變了雜貨店和市場的規(guī)則，從2022年1月1日開始，大多數(shù)新鮮水果和蔬菜不能再用塑料包裝。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThisbanonplasticpackagingispartofabroadereffortbyFrancetocontrolplasticwasteacrossarangeofsectors.(這項(xiàng)塑料包裝禁令是法國在多個(gè)行業(yè)控制塑料廢物的更廣泛努力的一部分)”可知，新禁令的目的是減少塑料垃圾。故選A。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Othereffortsincludepreventingrestaurantsfromincludingplastictoysinchildren’smeals,newspapersandmagazinesfrombeingdeliveredinplastic,andteabagsbeingsoldinplasticpackages.(其他措施還包括禁止餐館在兒童餐中加入塑料玩具，禁止報(bào)紙和雜志用塑料包裝遞送，以及禁止茶包用塑料包裝銷售)”以及畫線詞上文“Furthermore,publiclocationsmustprovidewaterrefillstationsto”可知，公共場所必須提供補(bǔ)水站，是為了抑制使用一次性水瓶。故畫線詞意思是“抑制”。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Noteveryoneishappywiththechange.FranoisRoch,presidentoftheFrenchfruitsellers’federation,toldReuters,“Sellinglooseproduceiscomplicated(復(fù)雜的)asmanycustomerstouchthefruitandpeopledonotwanttheirfruittobetouchedbyothercustomers.”(并非所有人都對這種變化感到滿意。法國水果銷售者聯(lián)合會(huì)主席弗朗索瓦·羅克告訴路透社：“銷售散裝水果很復(fù)雜，因?yàn)楹芏囝櫩蜁?huì)觸摸水果，而人們又不希望自己的水果被其他顧客觸摸?！?”可知，F(xiàn)ranoisRoch對新法律不滿意。故選B。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThebanwilllikelyrequireachangeinhabitsShopperswillprobablyhavetotaketheirownreusablebagstofillandweigh.(這項(xiàng)禁令可能會(huì)要求人們改變習(xí)慣，購物者可能不得不自己帶可重復(fù)使用的袋子來裝東西并稱重)”可知，禁令可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是顧客購物習(xí)慣的改變。故選B。

D

AmongthousandsofemperorpenguinsinAtkaBay,ayellowrobotnamedECHOquicklymovesovertheAntarcticenvironmentandpatientlyobservesthebirds.Theautonomous,remote-controlledrobotisaboutthreefeetlongandstandsateyelevelwiththeadultpenguins.ItmonitorsSouthernOceanecosystemsinreal-time,year-roundwithsmallimpactonwildlife.

ECHOwasdesignedbytheMarineAnimalRemoteSensingLabatWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.Scientistshopetousetherobotaspartofa30-yearprojectlookingattheimpactofclimatechangeontheregion.Sinceemperorpenguinsareamongthetoppredators(捕食性動(dòng)物)intheregion,studyingtheirpopulationscanshowthehealthoftheAntarcticenvironment.

Scientistsmustphysicallycatchpenguinsandputchipsontheirhackstotrackthem.Buttogatherdataonthechips,scientistshavetogetcloseenoughtothedevicestoscan(掃描)them,andsometimes,penguinsarehardtolocate,ortheweathermaybetooterribleforhumanstogooutinthefield.

ECHOremovestheseissuesbyactingasamobileobservatorythatcanmonitorthousandsofpenguinseachyear.Therobotcaneasilyapproachthepenguinsandscanthechipswithoutintroducingaharmfulhumanfootprintoraffectingthebirds.TherobotisequippedwithLIDAR,orlightdetectionandranging,anda360-degreecamerathatcanmonitorpenguinsonlargeareasandusesanantenna(天線)toreadeachpenguin’schip.

WhileECHOhasonlybeentestedforayear,researcherssaythepenguinsdonotseemtobeafraidofitanddon’tminditwhenitcomesnear.Whenpenguinsgatherinlargegroupsduringthewintertime,ECHOcanstealinandscanpenguinsastheybravetheelements.Bytrackingtheirbehaviorsovertime,researcherscanobservehowpenguinsadaptandfollowwheretheygotosearchforfood.Inturn,thesedatapointscanalsodeterminethetruesizeofprotectedareasofthesea.

12.Whydoresearchersmonitorthepenguins

A.Tofurtherunderstandthefoodchain.

B.Toprotectthebirdsfrombeinghunted.

C.Tofindouthowthebirdssurvivewinters.

D.TolearnabouttheAntarcticenvironment.

13.Howdoresearchersgettheinformationaboutthepenguins

A.Bykeepingafewofthem.B.Byvisitingthemofteninperson.

C.Byattachingchipstothem.D.Byreferringtopreviousfindings.

14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout

A.Theadvantagesoftherobot.B.Thechallengesoftheproject.

C.Thepopulationofthepenguins.D.Theenvironmentoftheregion.

15.WhatcanweinferaboutECHOfromthelastparagraph

A.Itwillbejoinedbymorerobots.B.Itsworkisgoingonsmoothly.

C.Itwillbebroughtbackbeforelong.D.Itsequipmentrequiresupdating.

【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種叫做ECHO的機(jī)器人，它可以監(jiān)控企鵝，從而檢測南極的氣候變化。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AmongthousandsofemperorpenguinsinAtkaBay,ayellowrobotnamedECHOquicklymovesovertheAntarcticenvironmentandpatientlyobservesthebirds.Theautonomous,remote-controlledrobotisaboutthreefeetlongandstandsateyelevelwiththeadultpenguins.ItmonitorsSouthernOceanecosystemsinreal-time,year-roundwithsmallimpactonwildlife.(在阿特卡灣的數(shù)千只帝企鵝中，一個(gè)名為ECHO的黃色機(jī)器人迅速在南極環(huán)境中移動(dòng)，并耐心地觀察這些鳥類。這個(gè)自主遙控機(jī)器人大約有三英尺長，與成年企鵝站在同一高度。它全年實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測南大洋的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，對野生動(dòng)物的影響很小)”可知，研究人員監(jiān)測企鵝以了解南極的環(huán)境。故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientistsmustphysicallycatchpenguinsandputchipsontheirhackstotrackthem.(科學(xué)家必須親自捕捉企鵝，并在它們的黑客身上加上芯片來追蹤它們)”可知，研究人員通過在企鵝身上貼上芯片來獲取有關(guān)企鵝的信息。故選C。

【14題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ECHOremovestheseissuesbyactingasamobileobservatorythatcanmonitorthousandsofpenguinseachyear.Therobotcaneasilyapproachthepenguinsandscanthechipswithoutintroducingaharmfulhumanfootprintoraffectingthebirds.TherobotisequippedwithLIDAR,orlightdetectionandranging,anda360-degreecamerathatcanmonitorpenguinsonlargeareasandusesanantenna(天線)toreadeachpenguin’schip.(ECHO通過充當(dāng)一個(gè)移動(dòng)天文臺來消除這些問題，每年可以監(jiān)測數(shù)千只企鵝。該機(jī)器人可以很容易地接近企鵝并掃描芯片，而不會(huì)引入有害的人類足跡或影響鳥類。該機(jī)器人配備了激光雷達(dá)或光探測和測距，以及一個(gè)360度攝像頭，可以大面積監(jiān)測企鵝，并使用天線讀取每只企鵝的芯片)”可知，本段主要介紹ECHO機(jī)器人的好處。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhileECHOhasonlybeentestedforayear,researcherssaythepenguinsdonotseemtobeafraidofitanddon’tminditwhenitcomesnear.Whenpenguinsgatherinlargegroupsduringthewintertime,ECHOcanstealinandscanpenguinsastheybravetheelements.(雖然ECHO只進(jìn)行了一年的測試，但研究人員表示，企鵝似乎并不害怕它，也不介意它靠近它。當(dāng)企鵝在冬季成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚集時(shí)，ECHO可以在企鵝勇敢面對大自然時(shí)偷偷進(jìn)入并掃描它們)”可推知，ECHO的工作進(jìn)展順利。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Theholidaytipcanbeawaytosaythankyoutothepeoplewhodon’thearitmuchfromyouthroughouttheyear.____16____Thisisespeciallytrueforpeoplewhoaren’talreadyinthehabitofdoingso.

About30percentofpeoplearenotplanningtotipfortheholidays,accordingtoasurveyby.awebsitethatpairsfamilieswithcaregivers.Ofthosewhoaregiving,only41percentofpeoplesaidtheybudgetedforit.About30percentaretippingcashonly.____17____

Thelistofwhomtotipwillbedifferentdependingonwhereyouliveandwhatyourrelationshipiswiththeserviceprovider.____18____givepriority(優(yōu)先)tothepeoplewhotrulymakeyourdailylifeeasier,saysLizziePost,authorandspokeswomanfortheEmilyPostInstitute.“Youwanttothinkaboutwhoitisthathasreallybeeninyourlife,”shesays.

Thinkabouttippingyourbabysitter,especiallyifsheisalwaysavailablewhenthingscomeupatthelastminute,Postsays.____19____Peopleinbigcitiesmightwanttothanktheirapartmentbuildingmanagerwhoholdspackagesforthematthefrontdesk.Forsomeonewithahouseinthesuburbs,itmaybemoreimportanttotipthegarbagemanorthegardener.

____20____.Forthepeopleyoualreadytipregularly,itmaymakemoresensetogivethemasmallgiftinstead.Don’tgointodebt(債務(wù))ifyoudon’thavethecashtotipeveryoneonyourlist.Smallgesturessuchasahomemadegift,abakedgoodorahandwrittennotecanstillmakeadifference.

A.Ifyoucan’ttipeveryone

B.Afteryouhavefinishedthelist

C.And60percentaregivingcashandgifts

D.Theamountyoutipchangesfrompersontoperson

E.Butdon’tfeelthepressuretotipeveryonethesameway

F.Butfiguringoutwhomtotipandhowmuchtogivecanbestressful

G.Forsomepetowners,nowmaybeagoodtimetothanktheirdogwalker

【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.G20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章具體介紹了如何給假期小費(fèi)。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“Thisisespeciallytrueforpeoplewhoaren’talreadyinthehabitofdoingso.(這對那些還沒有這樣做的習(xí)慣的人來說尤其如此。)”可知，空后的this是指代F項(xiàng)“但是給誰小費(fèi)以及給多少小費(fèi)都是會(huì)給人帶來壓力的”中的“給誰小費(fèi)以及給多少小費(fèi)”這件事，故選F項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Ofthosewhoaregiving,only41percentofpeoplesaidtheybudgetedforit.About30percentaretippingcashonly.(在那些給小費(fèi)的人中，41%的人表示他們?yōu)榇俗龀隽祟A(yù)算。大約30%的人只給現(xiàn)金。)”可知，C項(xiàng)“60%的人給現(xiàn)金和禮物”是前文的順義承接，一部分人只給小費(fèi)，另一部分人既給現(xiàn)金，也給禮物，故選C項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“givepriority(優(yōu)先)tothepeoplewhotrulymakeyourdailylifeeasier,saysLizziePost,authorandspokeswomanfortheEmilyPostInstitute.(EmilyPostInstitute的發(fā)言者和說道，優(yōu)先考慮哪些真正讓你的日常生活更輕松的人。)”可知，空后提出建議優(yōu)先把小費(fèi)給那些真正讓你日常生活更輕松的人，故A項(xiàng)“如果你不能給每個(gè)人小費(fèi)”符合，如果你不能給每個(gè)人小費(fèi)的話，那么就優(yōu)先給那些讓你日常生活更輕松的人，故選A項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Thinkabouttippingyourbabysitter,especiallyifsheisalwaysavailablewhenthingscomeupatthelastminute,Postsays.(Post說道，考慮一下給保姆小費(fèi)，尤其是當(dāng)事情發(fā)生在最后一分鐘的時(shí)候，她總是有空的時(shí)候。)”和空后“Peopleinbigcitiesmightwanttothanktheirapartmentbuildingmanagerwhoholdspackagesforthematthefrontdesk.(大城市的人可能要感謝他們的公寓樓經(jīng)理，他們在前臺為他們拿包裹。)”可知，空前和空后給出了建議，建議小費(fèi)應(yīng)該給誰，故G項(xiàng)“對于養(yǎng)寵物的人，現(xiàn)在就是感謝幫他遛狗的人的好機(jī)會(huì)”符合，故選G項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“Forthepeopleyoualreadytipregularly,itmaymakemoresensetogivethemasmallgiftinstead.Don’tgointodebt(債務(wù))ifyoudon’thavethecashtotipeveryoneonyourlist.Smallgesturessuchasahomemadegift,abakedgoodorahandwrittennotecanstillmakeadifference.(對于那些你已經(jīng)經(jīng)常給小費(fèi)的人，給他們禮物可能會(huì)更有意義。如果你不能給清單上的每個(gè)人小費(fèi)，也千萬不要欠債。一些小動(dòng)作，比如說自制的禮物、一份烘焙的食物或一張手寫的邊條，仍然可以發(fā)揮作用。)”可知，空后提出了感謝別人的其他方式，來代替小費(fèi)，故E項(xiàng)“但是不要感到壓力，給每個(gè)人的小費(fèi)都一樣”符合，可以不用給每個(gè)人小費(fèi)，可以用其他的方式代替小費(fèi)，故選E項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Christine,anexperiencedskydiver,wasabouttocompleteher112thjumpinJohannesburg.Christinedecidedthatshewould____21____asittingpositionjumpforthefirsttime.

Jumpingofftheplanefrom3,353meters,shestayedinthat____22____untilabout1,828meters,whensheflattenedherbodyand____23____herparachute(降落傘)asshehaddonemanytimesbefore.Unlikethe____24____111jumps,however,thistime,somethingfeltdifferent,andChristinesoonrealizedthatsomethinghadgone____25____.

Thefirstthingshenoticedwasthatshehadnotsloweddown,____26____shealsocouldn’tseethefamiliarlife-savingcanopy(傘蓋)aboveherhead.Christinerealizedhermainparachutehadnotopened,soshe____27____changedtoherreserve(備用)chutebeforecuttingawaythemain.Butthiseffortsentherturningaroundwildlyoutof____28____.

Asshewasfallingtowardthe____29____,Christinethoughtaboutherfamilyandupcomingweddingbeforerealizingshewas_____30_____straightintolivepowerlines.Thisseemedtobeterribleluckatthetimebutprobablysavedherlifeastheybrokeherfallbeforeshe_____31_____intotheearth,sufferingabrokenpelvis(骨盆)andotherinjuries.Fortunately,shewas_____32_____duringherfallingbyapasserbywhostoppedhistruckto_____33_____anambulanceandhelpthestrickenwoman.

Christineeventuallymadeafull_____34_____,althoughshedidaskherwould-be-husbandtochangetheirupcominghoneymoon_____35_____fromtheiradventurousideasofskydivingandcage-divingwithgreatwhitesharkstosomethinglessdangerous.

21.A.createB.findC.tryD.show

22.A.situationB.positionC.directionD.movement

23.A.spreadB.fixedC.liftedD.tied

24.A.traditionalB.easyC.skillfulD.previous

25.A.crazyB.‘wrongC.unnoticedD.unfinished

26.A.butB.whileC.becauseD.and

27.A.quicklyB.suddenlyC.actuallyD.finally

28.A.dangerB.controlC.sightD.order

29.A.destinationB.targetsC.linesD.ground

30.A.runningB.breakingC.headingD.climbing

31.A.crashedB.burnedC.dugD.got

32.A.watchedB.followedC.spottedD.caught

33.A.callB.stopC.driveD.board

34.A.preparationB.victoryC.mistakeD.recovery

35.A.tasksB.plansC.dreamsD.imaginations

【答案】21C22.A23.C24.D25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了即將結(jié)婚的Christine在跳傘時(shí)遭遇意外，導(dǎo)致她直接墜落地面。幸運(yùn)的是，在墜落過程中，她被電線擋了一下。落地后，一位好心的路人叫來救護(hù)車，救下了她。

【21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Christine決定第一次嘗試坐著跳。A.create創(chuàng)作；B.find找到；C.try嘗試；D.show展示。根據(jù)上文“Christine,anexperiencedskydiver,wasabouttocompleteher112thjumpinJohannesburg.”可知，Christine是個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的跳傘員，再根據(jù)空后“asittingpositionjumpforthefirsttime.”可推斷，她是想嘗試第一次坐著跳傘。故選C。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她從3353米的高空跳下飛機(jī)，保持那個(gè)狀態(tài)直到1828米，她才像以前多次做過的那樣，把身體壓平，舉起降落傘。A.situation狀態(tài)；B.position位置；C.direction方向；D.movement移動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“whensheflattenedherbodyand____3____herparachute(降落傘)asshehaddonemanytimesbefore.”可知，她直到降落到1828米才會(huì)改變姿勢，所以空處指的是她會(huì)保持這個(gè)狀態(tài)。故選A。

【23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她從3353米的高空跳下飛機(jī)，保持那個(gè)狀態(tài)直到1828米，她才像以前多次做過的那樣，把身體壓平，舉起降落傘。A.spread蔓延；B.fixed修理；C.lifted舉起；D.tied系。根據(jù)下文“shealsocouldn’tseethefamiliarlife-savingcanopy(傘蓋)aboveherhead.”可知，降落傘應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在她上方，所以空處指的是舉起降落傘。故選C。

【24題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，與之前的111次跳傘不同，這一次感覺有些不同，Christine很快意識到出問題了。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.easy輕易的；C.skillful熟練的；D.previous先前的。根據(jù)上文“Christine,anexperiencedskydiver,wasabouttocompleteher112thjumpinJohannesburg.”可知，她是準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行第112次跳傘，因此，本次跳傘是和之前的111次不一樣。故選D。

【25題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，與之前的111次跳躍不同，這一次感覺有些不同，Christine很快意識到出問題了。A.crazy瘋狂的；B.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；C.unnoticed未被注意的；D.unfinished未完成的。根據(jù)下文“Thefirstthingshenoticedwasthatshehadnotsloweddown,____6____shealsocouldn’tseethefamiliarlife-savingcanopy(傘蓋)aboveherhead.”可知，這次跳傘，Christine出現(xiàn)了事故，所以此刻她是發(fā)覺事情不對了，出了問題?？疾槎陶Z：gowrong，意為“出問題、走錯(cuò)路”。故選B。

【26題詳解】

考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她注意到的第一件事是她并沒有放慢速度，而且她也看不見頭頂上熟悉的救生傘。A.but但是；B.while當(dāng)……時(shí)；C.because因?yàn)?；D.and而且?？涨啊皊hehadnotsloweddown”和空后“shealsocouldn’tseethefamiliarlife-savingcanopy(傘蓋)aboveherhead”之間為并列關(guān)系，用and。故選D。

【27題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Christine意識到她的主降落傘沒有打開，所以在切斷主降落傘之前，她迅速換到了備用降落傘。A.quickly迅速地；B.suddenly突然；C.actually事實(shí)上；D.finally最終。根據(jù)常理推測，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)主降落傘無法打開后，跳傘員應(yīng)該是迅速換到了備用降落傘。故選A。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這一努力使她瘋狂地轉(zhuǎn)過身來，失去了控制。A.danger危險(xiǎn)；B.control控制；C.sight視線；D.order命令。根據(jù)上文“Butthiseffortsentherturningaroundwildly”可知，由于Christine在空中的這番操作，是她完全失去了控制。固定短語outofcontrol，意為“失去控制”。故選B。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Christine向地面墜落時(shí)，她想到了她的家人和即將到來的婚禮，然后才意識到她正徑直撞向帶電的電線。A.destination目的地；B.targets目標(biāo)；C.lines行；D.ground地面。根據(jù)上文可知，Christine發(fā)生事故時(shí)，正在跳傘，她的降落傘無法打開。由此可以判斷，由于她失去了控制，所以她是向地面墜落。故選D。

【30題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Christine向地面墜落時(shí)，她想到了她的家人和即將到來的婚禮，然后才意識到她正徑直撞向帶電的電線。A.running跑；B.breaking打破；C.heading朝(某方向)行進(jìn)；D.climbing爬。根據(jù)下文“Thisseemedtobeterribleluckatthetimebutprobablysavedherlifeastheybrokeherfallbeforeshe____11____intotheearth,sufferingabrokenpelvis(骨盆)andotherinjuries.”可知，Christine在墜落時(shí)，撞向了電線。故選C。

【31題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這在當(dāng)時(shí)看來似乎是可怕的運(yùn)氣，但可能救了她的命，因?yàn)樗鼈冊谒は虻孛嬷白柚沽怂膲嬄洌罱K她的骨盆骨折，并受到了其他傷害。A.crashed猛撞；B.burned燃燒；C.dug挖掘；D.got得到。根據(jù)上文“Asshewasfallingtowardthe____9____,Christinethoughtaboutherfamilyandupcomingweddingbeforerealizingshewas____10____straightintolivepowerlines.”可知，Christine墜向地面，撞到了電線，然后才摔在地面之上。故選A。

【32題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在她墜落的過程中，一位路人發(fā)現(xiàn)了她，他停下卡車，叫了救護(hù)車來幫助這位受傷的女人。A.watched觀看；B.followed追隨；C.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.caught抓到。根據(jù)下文“duringherfallingbyapasserbywhostoppedhistruckto____13____anambulanceandhelpthestrickenwoman.”可知，她在墜落時(shí)被一個(gè)路人發(fā)現(xiàn)了。故選C。

【33題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在她摔倒的過程中，一位路人發(fā)現(xiàn)了她，他停下卡車，叫了救護(hù)車來幫助這位受傷的女人。A.call呼叫；B.stop停止；C.drive駕駛；D.board登上。根據(jù)空后的賓語“anambulance”可知，這位路人是呼叫了救護(hù)車才救下了Christine。故選A。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Christine最終完全康復(fù)了，而她確實(shí)要求她的準(zhǔn)丈夫改變他們即將到來的蜜月計(jì)劃，從跳傘和與大白鯊在籠子里潛水的冒險(xiǎn)想法改成不那么危險(xiǎn)的事情。A.preparation準(zhǔn)備；B.victory勝利；C.