湖南省名校大聯(lián)考2023-2024學年高三上學期第一次質量檢測英語試題

高三第一次質量檢測英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是C。4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodomostprobably?A.Gohiking.B.Visitashop.C.Havedinner2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Embarrassed.B.Refreshed.C.Surprised.3.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Customer,andwaiter.C.Colleagues.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asong.B.Afan.C.Atrip.5.WhatdidthechildrenfailtodointheOceanPark?A.Watchdolphinshows.B.Seethewhitewhales.C.Feedtheseaturtles.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What'sthedatetoday?A.It'sDecember23.B.It'sDecember24.C.It'sDecember25.7.Whatwillthespeakersgivetheirfather?A.Somemoney.B.Anair-conditioner.C.Someflowers.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inacafeteria.9.Whathasthewomanbeenbusydoing?A.Meetingallherprofessors.B.Writingpapersforherclasses.C.Workingovertimeasalibrarian.10.Whatdoesthemangivethewoman?A.Apieceofadvice.B.Acupofcoffee.C.Somepapers.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydidn'tthewomanhavetimetoexercise?A.Shehadtolookafterherdaughter.B.Shehadtolookafterherhusband.C.ShehadtoprepareforthecomingChristmas.12.Whatisthefirststeptoaccessinformation?A.Tappingthescreen.B.Downloadinganapp.C.Lightingupthreelights.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gohome.B.Keeprunning.C.Meetherfriend.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutfindingajob?A.Difficult.B.Interesting.C.Necessary15.WhatdidthewomandoinShanghai?A.Shetookatriptothecity.B.Sheinterviewedsomeone.C.Sheaskedforajob.16.Whendidthewomangetherfirstjob?A.In2007.B.In2013.C.In2014.17.Wheredoesthewomanexpecttoflyinthefuture?A.InAmerica.B.InAfrica.C.InEurope.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howcanplayersscoreinthegame?A.Bythrowinggarbageintotherightbins.B.Bycollectinggarbageasmuchaspossible.C.Byleavingtheleastgarbageattheendofthegame.19.Whatwasthemainpurposeofmakingthisgame?A.Tomakegarbagesortinginteresting.B.Toshowtheimportanceofgarbagesorting.C.Tospreadinformationongarbagesortingtotheyoung.20.WhatdoesZhouZhouthinkofthegame?A.It'sineffective.B.It'schallenging.C.It'shelpful第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAhugenumberofexchangeprogramsandsummerschoolprogramsareofferedtointernationalstudentsaroundforeignuniversitiesworldwide.Todayweexplainthetopstudentexchangeprograms-and-summerprogramsofferedtoforeignstudents.ViennaSummerSchoolViennaSummerSchoolprovidesanincredibleopportunityfor30bachelor-levelstudentstoresearchsidebysidewithworldtopresearchersinthefieldofbioengineering.Thispaidsummerprogramaimstoattractinternationalstudentsandcreateanexcellentresearchenvironment.Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.ThedurationofViennaSummerSchoolisfromSaturday,July1toAugust28,2023.SUSIStudentLeadersProgramBachelor-levelstudentsinPakistanwhoareinterestedinthetopicofpublic,local,stateandfederalpolicymakingareinvitedtostudyintheUSAthroughtheshort-ternSUSIstudentprogram2023heldattheUniversityofMassachusetts.ThisisanexchangeprogramforPakistanistudents.AllexpensesandaccommodationcostswillbecoveredbySUSI,sotheapplicationperiodisveryshort.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgramTheHansenSummerInstituteforLeadershipisnowopenforthesummerexchangeprogram2023.TheHansensummerprogramofferstheopportunitytotheUSAandinternationalstudentstobuildbetterleadershipskillsandaculturalunderstandingenvironmentforthefuture.This3-weeksummerexchangeprogramisopenforundergraduate,graduate,anddoctoralstudentswithanyacademicbackground.IWPSummerExchangeProgramIWPSummerExchangeProgram2023isatwo-weekwritingandcultureexchangeprogramforPakistaniandIndianstudentsinIowaCity,USA.Theapplicantfrom18to22fromthesecountrieswithabackgroundinarthumanitiesiswelcometoapply.Thisprogramwillfocusoncreativityandisfreefortheselectedapplicants.Theselectedcandidateswillworktogetheronthecreationofpaintingsandsculptures.1.Whichprogramsuitsstudentswholikebiology?A.ViennaSummerSchool.B.SUSIStudentLeadersProgram.C.IWPSummerExchangeProgram.D.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgram.R2.WhyshouldstudentsapplyforSUSIStudentLeadersProgramearly?A.Itisfullyfunded.B.Itisashort-termprogram.C.Itislimitedtopostgraduates.D.Itissupportedbythegovernment.23.WhatwillstudentsinIWPSummerExchangeProgramdo?A.Offerpolicyadvice.B.Conductresearch.C.Writeacademicpapers.D.Createartworks.BVisionaryarchitectsdesignbuildingswhichspeakforthemselves.Fromtoweringconcretepillarstosculpturalmodernistdomes(穹頂),theworkofBalkrishnaVithaldasDoshidefinedIndianarchitectureforthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury.KnownasB.V.Doshi,hewasaversatilemodernistarchitect—hedesignedeverythingfromaccessiblehousingprojectstotheIndianInstituteofManagementinBangalore.Sadly,thegreatarchitectdiedonJanuary24,2023,attheageof95,leavingbehindafascinatinglegacy.BornonAugust26,1927,inPune,southeastofMumbai,Doshigrewupwithhisfatherandgrandfather,afurnituremaker.Asachildhecametoappreciatehowtheirhousegrewandchanged.In1947,shortlybeforeIndianindependence,hebeganarchitectureschool.However,heneverfinished,afactwhichhe'dlaterpointtoinlifeasanadvantage.HemarriedhiswifeKamalaParikhin1955.Whenshepassedaway,Doshilivedinahousehedesignedandnamedforhisbelovedwife.DoshiwasinfluencedbythefamousSwiss-FrencharchitectknownasLeCorbusier.DoshistudiedwithhiminParisandthenreturnedtoIndiatosupervisethearchitect'sworkinAhmedabad.In1956,DoshifoundedhisownfirmcalledVastushilpa.Hetraveledtheworldlecturingatuniversities,workedwithotherfamousarchitects,andevenfoundedtheCenterforEnvironmentalPlanningandTechnology(nowCEPTUniversity)focusingonunderstanding,designing,planning,constructingandmanaginghumanhabitats."Wedidnotwanttoimitatesomeoneelse'sapproach,"hetoldtheLouisianaMuseumofModernArtin2018."Wewantedtofindourownidentity."HedrewfromhisprideinIndianculturetocreateastyledistinctfromWesterndesigns."Ithinkofmybuildingsasmyfriends,myfamily,"hesaid."Ihaveaconversationwiththem,andthat'showIcreatenichesandstaircasesandopeningsandgardens…mybuildingsarenotonlypureandclearbutdesignedtoanticipatechangesAsidefromhismodernworks,Doshiwasdevotedtocreatingworkstobenefitthepoor.HedesignedtheAranyaLowCostHousingProjectinIndore.ThephotographerIwanBaan,whophotographedsomeofDoshi'sworks,describedtheartistas"themostapproachablearchitectIknow.Evenverypoorpeopleinhispublichousingprojectsknewhim,whichisexceptional"S4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"versatile"inparagraph1?A.Popular.B.modestC.forward-looking.D.well-rounded25.WhatdoweknowaboutDoshi'slife?A.Hehadamiserablechildhood.B.Heregrettedleavingschoolearly.C.Hemadeacontributiontohighereducationinarchitecture.D.HesetuphiscompanyundertheguidanceofLeCorbusier.26.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratebyquotingDoshi'swords?A.ThepublicsupportforDoshi.B.TheoriginalityofDoshi'sworks.C.Doshi'sopenmindonchanges.D.Doshi'sloveofarchitecturaldesign.97.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TogiveabriefaccountofDoshi'slife.B.ToencouragepeopletovisitDoshi'sworks.C.TorememberIndia'sgreatarchitectDoshi.D.ToadvertiseDoshi'sarchitecturalphilosophy.CPFASarefoundinnonstickpans,water-prooffabricsandfoodpackaging.They'recalledforeverchemicalsbecauseoftheirabilitytostickaroundandnotbreakdown.Now,usingabitofheatandtworelativelycommoncompounds,researchershavedegraded(降解)thechemicalinthelab.WhilesomescientistshavefoundrelativelysimplewaysofbreakingdownselectPFAS,mostdegradationmethodsrequireharshprocessesusingintensepressure—insomecasesover22mega-pascals—orextremelyhightemperatures—sometimesupwardsof1,000℃—tobreakthechemicalbonds.WilliamDichtel,fromNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,andhisteamexperimentedwithtwosubstancesfoundinnearlyeverychemistrylab;sodiumhydroxide(氫氧化鈉),alsoknownaslye,andasolvent(溶劑)calledDMSO.TheteamworkedspecificallyonagroupofforeverchemicalswhichcontainalargepercentageofPFAS.WhentheteamcombinedchemicalswiththelyeandDMSOat120℃andwithnoextrapressureneeded,thecarbolicacid(羧酸)felloffthechemicalsandbecamecarbondioxide."Whathappenednextwasunexpected,"Dichtelsaid.Thelossoftheacidhelpeddegradethechemicalsintofluorideions(氟離子)andsmallercarbon-containingproducts,leavingbehindnoharmfulby-products."It'saneatmethod;it'sdifferentfromothersthathavebeentried,"saysChrisSales,anenvironmentalengineeratDrexelUniversityinPhiladelphiawhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Thebiggestquestionishowthiscouldbeadaptedandscaledup.Understandingthismechanismisjustonestepinundoingforeverchemicals,"Salessaid.Thisprocesswouldn'tworktodealwithPFASintheenvironment,becauseitrequiresaconcentratedamountofthechemicals,butitcouldonedaybeusedinwastewatertreatmentplants,wherethepollutantscouldbefilteredoutofthewater,concentratedandthenbrokendown.28.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepreviouswaystobreakdownPFAS?A.They'reeco-friendly.B.They'vebeenwidelyused.C.They'redifficulttooperate.D.They'reregardedasuseless.29.Whatdidtheteamdointheirexperiment?A.Theyexperimentedwithdifferentsolvents.B.Theytriedtwoverycommonsubstances.C.Theytestedeverygroupofforeverchemicals,D.Theyexposedchemicalstoextremetemperatures.30.Whatmadetheresearchersmostsurprisedintheirexperiment?A.Environmentally-friendlyreactionsoccurred.B.Thecarboxylicacidbecamecarbondioxide.C.Noextrapressurewasneededforthetrial.D.ThelyeandDMSOcouldworkat120℃,31.WhatcanweinferfromChrisSales'words?A.ItisdifficulttodealwithPFASintheenvironment.B.Thismechanismwillsoonbeusedintheenvironment.C.Themethodwillbeappliedtodifferentkindsofchemicals.DMoreresearchisneededbeforethemethodiswidelyused.DTheideathatthenormalhumanbodytemperatureisabout37℃wasfirstpresentedbytheGermanphysicianCarlReinholdAugustWunderlichin1851.Sincethen,it'sbecomesowidelyacceptedthatitservesasatouchstoneforhealth—adiagnostictoolusedbyphysiciansandparentsasabasicindicatorofwhethersomeoneissickorwell.However,itturnsoutthatthiswell-establishedfactisn't,infact,correct—or,toputitmoreaccurately,humanbeingshavebeengettingcoolerovertheyears.Recentstudieshaveshownthattemperaturerecordsofgroupsofpeoplehavetendedtorunlowcomparedtotheacceptednorm(標準),sotheStanfordteam,ledbyJuliePar-sonnet,MD,professorofmedicineandofhealthresearchandpolicy,decidedtodoamorein-depthstudytocomparemodernmeasurementswithhistoricalrecordstotrytoidentifybodytemperaturetrendsand,perhaps,uncoverthereasonwhythiscoolingishappening.Fortheirresearch,theStanfordteamlookedatthreedistinctdatasetsfromtwohistoricalperiods.Aftergoingthrough677,423temperaturemeasurements,theteamfoundthatmenborninthe21stcenturyhadanaveragebodytemperatureof0.6℃lowerthanthatofthosebornintheearly19thcenturywhilemodernwomenshowedanaveragedecreaseof0.03℃comparedtothoseborninthe1890s.Astowhythisishappening,theresearcherssaythatthemostlikelymechanismisareductioninthehumanmetabolicrate(代謝率)duetoenvironmentalfactors:Onepossibilityisthatimprovementsinpublichealthover200yearshavereducedtheincidenceofinflammations(炎癥),whichpromotemetabolism.Thiscombinedwithpeoplelivingmorecomfortablelivesinmorestableenvironmentsmeansthatthebodydoesn'thavetoworkashardtostaywarm,sotheaveragetemperaturefalls."Theenvironmentthatwe'relivinginhaschanged,includingthetemperatureinourhomes,ourcontactwithmicroorganisms(微生物)andthefoodthatwehaveaccessto.Allthesethingsmeanthatalthoughweconsiderhumanbeingsasthesameforallofhumanevolution,we'renotthesame.We'reactuallychangingphysiologically,”Parsonnetsaid.32.WhatisCarlReinholdAugustWunderlich'sachievement?A.Hesetupstandardsforhumanhealthservices.B.Hepredictedtrendsinhumanbodytemperature.C.Hefirstusedbodytemperatureasahealthindicator.D.Heproposedthestandardhumanbodytemperature.33.WhatcanwelearnabouttheStanfordteam'sstudy?A.Itshowswomenhavealowerbodytemperaturethanmen.B.Itproveshumanbodytemperaturehasdroppedatafasterrate.C.Itcomparedhistoricalandcurrenthumanbodytemperaturedata.D.Itsuggestedupdatingthedefinitionoftheaveragebodytemperature.34Whichofthefollowingisthoughttocausethedecreaseinhumanbodytemperature?A.Theimprovedlivingconditions.B.Thecontactwithothercreatures.C.Thedeclineinphysicallydemandingwork.D.Theadaptationofhumanstoclimatechange.35.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatexactlyisnormalhumanbodytemperature?B.Whydoeshumanbodytemperatureneedmeasuring?C.HumanbodytemperaturehasdecreasedovertheyearsD.Humanbodytemperaturechangeswiththeenvironment第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Bornin1961,Snoussi,aFrenchman,firstcametoChinain1983.Atthattime,hewasalawstudentatAix-en-ProvenceUniversityandaccompaniedhisfatheronabusinesstriptoChina.__36__InMarch2006,SnoussimovedtoNingbotohelphisfatherwhohadsetuphisexportbusiness.Afterlivingthereformorethansevenyears,SnoussirealizedthatwhathemissedmostwasatraditionalFrenchbakery."__37__.whichmadeChinese,Korean,orEuropean-stylebread,butwecouldn'tfindthatspecificFrenchtaste.Itwasunlikeourdailybread,becauseinmyhomecountry,breadisabitlikericeinChina,"heexplained.InJune2013,Snoussiopenedanauthentic(正宗的)FrenchbakeryinNingbo.Thoughhehadnobakingexperience,hequicklylearnedtheropesfromaFrenchbaker.__38__.WhatmakesMonEpoqueuniqueisitsauthenticFrenchidentity,whichguaranteesagenuineFrenchtasteeveryday."WeareoneofthefewFrenchbakeriesinChinathatdirectlyimportsflourfromFrance,producedintheCognacregionfromFrenchwheat.__39__.Thesearethetwomostimportantingredientsinbaking.Thisallowsustoguaranteethesametasteandqualitydayin,dayout.Wepayattentiontothequalityandthetasteofourproductssothatourpatronscanexperiencethesamefeelingeveryday,"hesaid.__40__.In2008,hedonatedover30,000yuan($4,300)toWenchuaninSichuanProvince.InNingbo,hedonatedT-shirtsforstudentswithdisabilitiesandgavescholarshipstooutstandingstudentsataschool.Forseveralyears,hesponsored(贊助)thePinkRibbonCampaignorganizedbyateamofforeignwomentoraiseawarenessaboutbreastcancer.Healsosponsoredactivitiestoencouragemorepeopletolookafterstraydogs.A.ThisFrenchbakerwasfamousforhisuniquebakeryB.SnoussiiskeenonsocialactivitiesinNingboC.ThebutterusedisalsoimportedfromFranceD.SnoussienjoyshelpingpeopleinneedE.ThisvisitwasacultureshockforhimF.HenamedhisbrandMonEpoqueG.WehadgoodbakeriesinNingbo第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。DuringmystayattheUniversityofMichigan,oneoftheseniorprofessorsaskedmetojoinaseminaroncultureandemotion.Inageneral__41__ofself-introductions,Iintroducedmyselfina(n)__42__Dutchwayasoneofthosewhoare"interestedincultureandemotion".Theprofessorsupplemented(補充)myself-introductionto__43__Americanstandards,sayingIwasoneoftheworld'sexpertsonthe__44__.Inresponse,Ilookeddownin__45__,andthoughtthat"expert"wasabigword.WhenIlivedinNorthCarolina,mynewfriendscameoverto__46__.Conversationswerefullofinterestandenergy,andtherewasalotof__47__.Attheendoftheevening,whenmyguestsleft,theythankedmeforthedinner.Myheart__48__,becauseIwasbornandraisedintheNetherlands,where"thankingfordinner"meanstherelationshipis__49__.Emotionsaredifferentenoughtofeeloutof__50__whenyoumovefromoneculturetoanother.TheprofessorattheUniversityofMichiganmeanttomakemefeel51,butinsteadmademeuncomfortable.Myfriendsmeanttoshow__52__,buttheymademethinktheyweredistancingthemselvesfromme.Wethinkaboutemotionsasfeelingsdeepinsideus,butin__53__,ouremotionshappenininteractionswithothers.Inmyownculture,itwashardtoobservethe54emotionsofothers,butIwasabletoseethemwhenImovedtotheUS—adifferent__55__fromwhereIwasraised.41.A.analysis42.A.understated43.A.set44.A.approach45.A.curiosity46.A.play47.A.support48.A.sank49.A.harmonious50.A.date51.A.reliable52.A.gratitude53.A.total54.A.unbelievable55.A.levelB.stateB.interestingB.fitB.situationB.pityB.dineB.noiseB.meltedB.normalB.shapeB.goodB.respectB.advanceB.pureB.cultureC.letterC.dramaticC.evaluateC.topicC.disappointmentC.workC.funC.racedC.strongC.placeC.seriousC.admirationC.detailC.invisibleC.standardD.roundD.proudD.recommendD.courseD.embarrassmentD.performD.arguingD.openedD.distantD.sightD.carefulD.affectionD.realityD.powerfulD.value第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。3Dbio-printinginsidethehumanbodycouldbepossiblethankstoanewsoftrobot.Thedevicefeatures__56__printingheaddirectlymountedontothetipofasoftroboticarm.Thisprintinghead,__57__consistsofsoftartificialmusclesthatallowittomoveinthreedirections,worksvery__58__(similar)toconventionaldesktop3Dprinters.Thesoftroboticarmvanbendandtwistandcanbemadeatanylength__59__(require),Theprintingnozzle(噴嘴)canbeprogrammedtoprintper-determinedshapes,oroperatedmanually;__60__addition,aresearchteamusedamachinelearning-basedcontrollerwhichcanaidtheprintingprocess.Theteam__61__(explain)howthedevicecouldpotentiallybeusedasanall-in-onesurgicaltooltoperformarangeof__62__(function).Theysaidthiscouldbeespeciallyimportantinsurgery__63__(remove)certaincancers.Theabilitytocarryoutsuchmulti-functionalprocedures__64__(demonstrate)onapig'sintestine(腸)lastmonthandtheresearcherssaytheresultsshowthatthedeviceisa__65__(promise)candidateforthefuturedevelopmentofanall-in-oneendoscopicsurgicaltool.Thenextstageofdevelopmentforthesystemisinvivo(活體的)testingonlivinganimalstodemonstrateitspracticaluse.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校將在本周六上午邀請著名宇航員MrYang來作一場報告。請根據下面的要點提示，給喜歡太空探索的留學生朋友Chris寫一封電子郵件，邀請他參加。要點如下：1.寫郵件的目的：2.報告簡介3.你的期神注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答DearChris,DearChris,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。TheannualHalloweenarrived,duringwhichkidsdressedintraditionalclotheswenttoneighbors'housestoaskforcandy.Allisonlivedinasmalltown.Thatdayafterdinner,Allisonputonherdressherfatherhadjustboughtforher.Thedresswascheapandsecond-handbecauseherfamilywaspoor.ButAllisonstillthankedherdadandsaid,"Everyonewilllovemydress!"Then,sheleftforneighbors'housestoaskforcandy.Ontheway,shecameacrossAnnaandherfriendsandwantedtojointhem."No!Lookatyourdress!It'sugly!"Annasaid.Herfriendsalsolaughed."Lookatourdresses,especiallymine!It'snewandbeautiful,"Annaadded.Herfriendsnodded,andinsomewaytheywereright.Anna'sdresswasshinyandlookedexpensive.Shealwayshadthebestclothesbecauseherparentswererich.Allisonwasshockedandsad.Thekidsnotonlydislikedherdressbutmadefunofit."Youcan'tcomewithus!"Annastressed."Wewouldneverhangoutwithyou!"Theotherkidsagreedandlaughed.TheyalllefttostartcollectingcandyforthenightwhileAllisonwasleftalone,embarrassedinthemiddleofthestreet.Anyway,sheknewalltheneighbors.Sheoftenhelpedaroundcarryingtheirgroceriesandhelpingthemwiththeirgardens.Peoplearoundthereknewher.Shedidn'tneedtohangoutwithAnnaorherfriends."I'llgojustalone,"thelittlegirlsaidtoherselfandstartedwalking.SheaswellasAnnaandherfriendswalkedinthesamedirection:towardstheirfirstneighborMrsVaughan'shouse.ButAllisonwalkedbehindandkeptherdistancefromthem.AndshestoppedwhenAnnaandherfriendswerenearMrsVaughan'shouse.Justthen,MrsVaughanlookedoutofherwindow.ShenoticedthatAllisonwasbeingexcludedbyAnnaandherfriends.SheknewitwasprobablybecauseofAllison'spoordress.SheimmediatelyfeltpityforAllison,whooftenhelpedherandotherneighbors.ShedecidedtogiveAllisonmuchmorecandyasarewardandteachAnnaandherfriendsalesson.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。WhenAnnaandherfriendsknockedonherdoor,MrsVaughanopenedit.WhenAnnaandherfriendsknockedonherdoor,MrsVaughanopenedit.Annalookedupandsaid,"Ourclothesaremorebeautiful!ButyougaveAllisonmorecandy!Why?"_高三第一次質量檢測英語參考答案【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了四個國際交換生項目。21.A。細節(jié)理解題。根據對ViennaSummerSchool的介紹中的第一句以及“Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.”可知，ViennaSummerSchool適合對生物學感興趣的學生。22.A。細節(jié)理解題。根據對SUSIStudentLeadersProgram的介紹中的最后一句可知，因為所有的費用和住宿都由舉辦方承擔，所以這個項目的申請周期很短。23.D。細節(jié)理解題。根據對IWPSummerExchangeProgram的介紹中的最后一句可知，學生們將會一起合作創(chuàng)作繪畫和雕塑作品。【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了印度建筑大師巴克里希納·多西。24.D。詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后的“hedesignedeverythingfromaccessiblehousingprojectstotheIndianInstituteofManagementinBangalore”可知，巴克里希納·多西可以設計普通民用住宅，也可以設計大型學院建筑；由此可知，畫線詞可與D項well-rounded“全能的”互換。25.C。細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Hetraveledtheworldlecturingatuniversities,workedwithotherfamousarchitects,andevenfoundedtheCenterforEnvironmentalPlanningandTechnology(nowCEPTUniversity)focusingon…”可知，巴克里希納·多西環(huán)球游學傳道建筑學知識，創(chuàng)辦了CEPT大學的前身theCenterforEnvironmentalPlanningandTechnology。由此可知，他對高等建筑教育做出了貢獻。26.B。推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Wedidnotwanttoimitatesomeoneelse'sapproach….Wewantedtofindourownidentity…mybuildingsarenotonlypureandclearbutdesignedtoanticipatechanges”可推知，巴克里希納·多西在言辭中強調了其建筑的獨創(chuàng)性，他不去追隨和模仿別人，而是追尋獨創(chuàng)。27.C。推理判斷題。本文高度贊揚了巴克里希納·多西的成就，概述了他的生平，最后一段贊美了逝者的品德，從而表達了人們對逝者的敬意；由此可知，這是一篇悼文?！菊Z篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。美國埃文斯頓西北大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的方法來分解那些難以分解的PFAS。28.C。推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“…mostdegradationmethodsrequireharshprocessesusingintensepressure—insomecasesover22megapascals—orextremelyhightemperatures—sometimesupwardsof1,000℃—tobreakthechemicalbonds”可知，以前的那些分解方法需要高壓高溫，因此很難操作。29.B。細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“…andhisteamexperimentedwithtwosubstancesfoundinnearlyeverychemistrylab:sodiumhydroxide(氫氧化鈉),alsoknownaslye,andasolvent(溶劑)calledDMSO”可知，WilliamDichtel團隊使用了兩種很常見的物質。30.A。細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的“‘Whathappenednextwasunexpected,'Dichtelsaid.Thelossoftheacidhelpeddegradethechemicalsintofluorideions(氟離子)andsmallercarbon-containingproducts,leavingbehindnoharmfulby-products.”可知，他們沒預料到會有非常環(huán)保的化學反應發(fā)生。31.D。推理判斷題。根據倒數(shù)第二段中的"'Thebiggestquestionishowthiscouldbeadaptedandscaledup.Understandingthismechanismisjustonestepinundoingforeverchemicals,'Salessaid.”可知，ChrisSales認為想要廣泛地應用這個方法還需要很多研究。【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類的平均標準體溫在下降，傳統(tǒng)意義上的37℃的標準體溫已經不適用于所有人。32.D。細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“Theideathatthenormalhumanbodytemperatureisabout37℃wasfirstpresentedbytheGermanphysicianCarlReinholdAugustWunderlichin1851.”和第二段中的“Recentstudieshaveshownthattemperaturerecordsofgroupsofpeoplehavetendedtorunlowcomparedtotheacceptednorm”可知，CarlReinholdAugustWunderlich提出人類標準體溫大約是37℃。33.C。細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“…sotheStanfordteam,ledbyJulieParsonnet,MD,professorofmedicineandofhealthresearchandpolicy,decidedtodoamorein-depthstudytocomparemodernmeasurementswithhistoricalrecordstotrytoidentifybodytemperaturetrends….”及第三段關于兩個不同歷史時期體溫的對比可知，該研究團隊對比研究了歷史和當前的人體體溫數(shù)據。34.A。推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“improvementsinpublichealth…combinedwithpeoplelivingmorecomfortablelivesinmorestableenvironments"可推知，生活條件的改善使人類的標準體溫降低。35.C。標題歸納題。綜合全文可知，本文介紹了斯坦福大學的一項研究：自19世紀末以來，人類的標準體溫有所下降；由此推斷，C項為最佳標題?！菊Z篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了一位名叫斯努西的法國人在中國寧波開特色法式面包店的故事。36.E。根據“Bornin1961,Snoussi,aFrenchman,firstcametoChinain1983.Atthattime,hewasalawstudentatAix-en-ProvenceUniversityandaccompaniedhisfatheronabusinesstriptoChina.”可知，斯努西是普羅旺斯艾克斯大學的一名法律系學生，陪同父親前往中國出差，這是他第一次來到中國，這次訪問對他來說是一次文化沖擊。E選項中的“Thisvisit”指代的是斯努西首次中國行。故選E。37.G。根據"whichmadeChinese,Korean,orEuropean-stylebread,butwecouldn'tfindthatspecificFrenchtaste"可知，在寧波有很好的面包店，生產中國、韓國或歐洲風格的面包，但找不到那種特定的法國味道。G選項中的which指代逗號前面的內容。故選G。38.F。根據"InJune2013,Snoussiopenedanauthentic(正宗的)FrenchbakeryinNingbo.Thoughhehadnobakingexperience,hequicklylearnedtheropesfromaFrenchbaker.”可知，斯努西在寧波開設了一家正宗的法式面包店，并從一位法國面包師那里學會了做面包的訣竅，將自己的品牌命名為MonEpoque。故選F。很容易誤選A項，但是如果選A項，則下一段中的MonEpoque出現(xiàn)太突然，段落銜接不上。39.C。根據"WeareoneofthefewFrenchbakeries