公路設(shè)計(jì)公路勘測(cè)高程控制測(cè)量

《公路設(shè)計(jì)公路勘測(cè)》

——高程控制測(cè)量道橋系二○○七年五月一般規(guī)定1.公路高程系統(tǒng)，宜采用1985年國(guó)家高程基準(zhǔn)。同一條公路應(yīng)采用同一個(gè)高程系統(tǒng)，不能采用同一系統(tǒng)時(shí)，應(yīng)給定高程系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系。獨(dú)立工程或三級(jí)以下公路聯(lián)測(cè)有困難時(shí)，可采用假定高程。2.公路高程測(cè)量采用水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量。在進(jìn)行水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量有困難的山嶺地帶一級(jí)紹澤、水網(wǎng)地區(qū)，四、五等水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量可采用光電測(cè)距三角高程測(cè)量。公路及構(gòu)造物水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量等級(jí)測(cè)量項(xiàng)目等級(jí)水準(zhǔn)路線最大長(zhǎng)度（m）4000m以上特長(zhǎng)隧道、2000m以上特大橋三等50高速公路、一級(jí)公路、1000~2000m特大橋、2000~4000長(zhǎng)隧道四等16二級(jí)及二級(jí)以下公路、1000m以下橋梁、2000m以下隧道五等10水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量的精度等級(jí)每公里高差中數(shù)中誤差（mm）往返較差、附合或環(huán)線閉合差（mm）檢測(cè)已測(cè)測(cè)段高差之差（mm）偶然中誤差M△全中誤差MW平原微丘區(qū)山嶺重丘區(qū)三等±3±6四等±5±10五等±8±16水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的布設(shè)

水準(zhǔn)路線應(yīng)沿公路路線布設(shè)，水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)宜設(shè)于公路中心線兩側(cè)50~300m范圍內(nèi)，水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)間距宜為1~1.5km；山嶺重丘區(qū)可根據(jù)需要適當(dāng)加密；大橋、隧道口及其他大型構(gòu)造物兩端，應(yīng)增設(shè)水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量的觀測(cè)方法等級(jí)儀器類型水準(zhǔn)尺類型觀測(cè)方法觀測(cè)方法三等DS1因瓦光學(xué)觀測(cè)法往后-前-前-后DS3雙面中絲讀數(shù)法往返后-前-前-后四等DS3雙面中絲讀數(shù)法往返、往后-后-前-前五等DS3單面中絲讀數(shù)法往返、往后-前水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量的技術(shù)要求等級(jí)水準(zhǔn)儀的型號(hào)視線長(zhǎng)度（m）前后視較差（m）前后視累積差（m）視線離地面最低高度（m）紅黑面讀數(shù)差（mm）黑紅面高差較差（mm）三等DS1100360.31.01.5DS3752.03.0四等DS31005100.23.05.0五等DS3100—————跨河水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量當(dāng)水準(zhǔn)路線跨越江河（或湖塘、寬溝、洼地、山溝等），視線長(zhǎng)度在200m以內(nèi)時(shí)，可用一般觀測(cè)方法進(jìn)行。但在測(cè)站上應(yīng)變換一次儀器高度，觀測(cè)兩次，兩次高差之差應(yīng)不超過(guò)7mm，取兩次結(jié)果的中數(shù)。若視線長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)200m時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)跨河寬度和儀器設(shè)備等情況，選用相應(yīng)等級(jí)的光電測(cè)距三角高程測(cè)量或跨河水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量方法進(jìn)行觀測(cè)。r$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkW%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3bMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUl!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+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