英皇樂(lè)理1~5級(jí)演奏指示PerformanceDirections

./一級(jí)：演奏指示PerformanceDirections一級(jí)：演奏指示PerformanceDirections〔一演奏術(shù)語(yǔ)accelerando/accel.AdagioAllegrettoallegroandantecantabilecrescendo/cresc.dacapo/D.C.dalsegno/D.S.decrescendo/decresc.dimimmndo/dim.fine<=forte><=fortissimo>legatolentomezzo<=mezzoforte><=mezzopiano>moderatop<=piano>pp<=pianissimo>pocorallentando/rall.ritardando/ritard./rit.graduallygettingquickerslow<atease>fairlyquick<butnotasquickasallegro>quick<cheerful>atawalkingpaceinasingingstylegraduallygettinglouderrepeatfromthebeginningrepeatfromthesignbecominggraduallysofterbecominggraduallysoftertheendloudveryloudsmoothlyslowhalf<moderately>moderatelyloudmoderatelyquietmoderately<allegromoderato;moderatelyquick>quietveryquietalittle,slightlygraduallygettingslowergraduallygettingslower逐漸加快慢<舒適>稍快<但不及allegro快>快<歡樂(lè)>,快板如行走般的速度如歌唱似的風(fēng)格漸強(qiáng)從頭再奏回到記號(hào)""處再奏漸弱漸弱結(jié)束處強(qiáng),響亮很強(qiáng)圓滑地慢一半<適中>中強(qiáng)中弱中速<allegromoderato:適中的快板>弱很弱少許,稍漸慢漸慢ritenuto/riten.staccato/state.tempo〔二演奏符號(hào)heldback<immediatelyslowingdown>detachedspeed,time<atempo:intime>graduallygettinglouder<=crescendo>graduallygettingquieter<=diminuendo/decrescendo>detached<=staccato>accentpauseonthenote<orrest><=fermata>repeatmarks:atthesecondsign,repeatthemusicfromthefirstsign<ifthefirstsignisleftout,repeatfromthebeginning>tie:acurvedlinejoiningtwonotesofthesamepitchintoasinglesustainedsoundslur:performthenotessmoothly<acurvedlineoverorundertwoormoredifferentnotes>突然慢<立即放慢>斷音,斷奏速度,時(shí)間<atempo:回復(fù)到原來(lái)的速度>漸強(qiáng)<=crescendo>漸弱〔=diminuendo/decrescendo>斷音,斷奏<=staccato>重音延長(zhǎng)號(hào)。將音符<或休止符>的時(shí)值延長(zhǎng)<=fermata>反復(fù)記號(hào)。在第二個(gè)記號(hào)處,音樂(lè)從第一個(gè)記號(hào)處開始重復(fù)<如樂(lè)曲沒(méi)有第一個(gè)記號(hào),音樂(lè)是從樂(lè)曲的開始處重復(fù)>連線:將兩個(gè)有相同音高的音連結(jié)成一個(gè)音的弧線連線:圓滑地演奏各音<置于兩個(gè)或一組音符的上方或下方的弧線>octave<=ottava>performanoctavehigher<writtenoveranoteornotes>performanoctavelower<writtenunderanoteornotes>76crotchetbeatsinaminute<M.M.isshortforMaelzel'sMetronome>八度<=ottava>升高一個(gè)八度演奏<寫在一個(gè)或多個(gè)音符的上方>降低一個(gè)八度演奏<寫在一個(gè)或多個(gè)音符的下方>每分鐘奏76個(gè)四分音符<M.M.是Maelzel’sMetronome<拍節(jié)機(jī)>的簡(jiǎn)稱二級(jí)：二級(jí)：aal,allaallargandoandantinoassaicon,coldolcee,edespressivo<espress./espr.><=fortepiano>giocosogravegraziosolarghettolargomamaestosomenomoltomossointhestyleof,for,at,with,inacappella:inthestyleofchapeladue:fortwoperformersapiacere:atpleasureapumad'arco:withthepointofthebowatempo;intimeinthemannerof,tothe<allamarcia:inthestyleofamarch>broadening<gettingslowerandlouder>slightlyfasterthanandantevery<allegroassai:veryquick>withsoft,sweetandexpressivefirstloudly,thenimmediatelysoftplayful,merrysolemn,veryslowgracefulquiteslow<butnotasslowaslargo>slow,statelybutmajesticlessmuch,verymoved<menomosso:lessmoved>以……風(fēng)格、由、按照、用、按acappella:以<無(wú)伴奏的>教堂風(fēng)格演奏adue:由兩位表演者演奏<唱>apiacere:按照表演者的與之所至地處理apumad'arco:用弓尖演奏atempo:按原來(lái)的速度以……風(fēng)格,至<allamarcia:進(jìn)行曲風(fēng)格>寬廣的<漸慢及漸強(qiáng)>比行板<andante>稍快非常,很<allegroassai:很快>用,含有溫柔地,甜蜜地和,以及有表情地先強(qiáng)然后立即轉(zhuǎn)弱嬉戲的,快樂(lè)的嚴(yán)肅的,極緩慢的優(yōu)雅的頗慢的,<但比廣板largo稍快>慢的,莊嚴(yán)的但是華貴的,堂皇的少些十分,很活動(dòng)的<menomosso:稍慢>motononprestosenza<=sforzando/sforzato>simile/sim.sostenutotenutotroppovivace,vwo〔二演奏符號(hào)movement<conmoto:withmovement>notmore<fasterthanallegro>withoutaccented,forcedinthesamewaysustainedheldtoomuch<nontroppo:nottoomuch>lively,quickthenoteshouldbeheldforitsfulltime-value,andgenerallyslightlydetached<=tenuto>thenoteshouldbeplayedasshortaspossibleandperhapsaccentedtoo<=staccatissimo>accentedstrongeraccent<usuallystrongerthan>>thenotesshouldbeslightlyseparated<=mezzo-staccato/semi-staccato>活動(dòng)<conmoto:稍快>不是更多地快<比快板allegro更快>沒(méi)有,去除重音,加強(qiáng)地<=sforzando/sforzato>如前的方式演奏持續(xù)的保持<要奏足該音的時(shí)值>太多<nontroppo:不太多>有生氣的,輕快的要奏足該音符的時(shí)值,各音之間稍間歇<=tenuto>短斷音,發(fā)音比一般斷音更短促,有時(shí)還有重音的意思<=staccatissimo>重音強(qiáng)重音<力度通常比>更強(qiáng)>半斷音,即音符需要略微斷開<=mezzo-staccato/semi-staccato>三級(jí)：三級(jí)：adagiettoadlibitum,adlib.agitatoallabreve.amoreanimaanimatobenbriocomododecisodelicatoenergicoforzalargamenteleggieromarcato.marc..marzialemestopesanteprima,primorisolutoritmicorubato,temporubatoratherslow<butfasterthanadagio>optionaloratwillagitatedwitheachbeatasaminim<orinsteadof>love<amoroso:loving>soul,spirit<conanima:withfeeling/spirited>animated,lively<animando:becomingmorelively>wellvigour<conbrio:withvigour,lively>convenient<tempocomodo:atatom-fortablespeed>withdeterminationdelicateenergeticforcebroadlylightmarked,accentedmartial,war-likesadheavyfirstbold,strongrhythmicallywithsomefreedomoftime稍慢<但比adagio略快>隨意處理激動(dòng)地以二分音符作為一拍<以或代替>愛(ài)情<amoroso:富于愛(ài)意地>心靈、精神<conanima:有感情地/生氣勃勃地>活潑地<animando:更加活潑地>很好活力<conbrio:有活力地>舒適的<tempocomodo:舒適的速度>決斷、有決心地優(yōu)美的、精致的富于精力的力量廣闊地輕、輕巧的強(qiáng)調(diào)、有力地勇敢的、尚武的憂傷的強(qiáng)力的第一勇敢、剛強(qiáng)的富于節(jié)奏感地自由的速度scherzando,scherzososeconda,secondosemplicesemprestringendflsubitotantotranquillotriste,tristamentevoltaplayful,jokingsecondsimple,plainalwaysgraduallygettingfastersuddenlysomuchcalmsad,sorrowfultime<pramavolta:firsttime;secondavolta:secondtime>幽默、詼諧的第二簡(jiǎn)單、樸素的持續(xù)地逐漸加快速度突然地許多、太多平靜的憂傷、悲痛的次、遍<primavolta:第一次;secondavolta:第二次><一>音樂(lè)術(shù)語(yǔ)和符號(hào)Musicaltermsandsigns只用于某些特定樂(lè)器上的術(shù)語(yǔ)和符號(hào)。<一>音樂(lè)術(shù)語(yǔ)和符號(hào)Musicaltermsandsigns只用于某些特定樂(lè)器上的術(shù)語(yǔ)和符號(hào)。1.用于弦樂(lè)器和銅管樂(lè)器上的演奏提示四級(jí)：consordini,consord.senzasordini,senzasord.2.用于弦樂(lè)器上的演奏提示2.用于弦樂(lè)器上的演奏提示arcopizzicato,pizz.sulGsulponticello3.用于鋼琴的演奏提示3.用于鋼琴的演奏提示unacorda<u.c.>trecorde<t.c.>manomanodestra<m.d.>manosinistra<m.s.><二>意大利文術(shù)語(yǔ)<二>意大利文術(shù)語(yǔ)affettuosoaffrettandowithmuteswithoutmutesplaywiththebow<adirectionafterpizzicato>downbowupbowasluroverorundertwoormorenotesmeaningthattheyaretobeplayedwithonestrokeofthebowpluckedontheGstringnearthebridge<literally:onestring>presstheleft<soft>pedal<literally:threestrings>releasetheleft<soft>pedalpress...releasetheright<sustaining>pedalhandrighthandlefthandspreadthenotesofachordquickly,startingfromthebottomnoteaffectionate,withtendernesshurrying加上弱音器除去弱音器用弓拉奏<在pizzicat。之后所用的指示>下弓上弓在音符上面或下面的弧線,表示那些音符要以一弓拉完撥弦在G弦上在靠近琴馬的位置處演奏<直澤:一根弦>踏下左邊<弱音>踏板<直譯:三根弦>放開芍立<弱音>踏板踏下……放開右邊<延音>踏板手右手左手由最低的音開始,快速地先后奏出和弦中各音富于感情的,溫柔的加快的amabileappassionatocalandocantandocomecomeprimacomesoprafacilefuocogiustoI’istessoI’istessotempomorendonientenobilmenteperdendosipossibilequasisonorosoprasottosottovocevelocevoce<三>法文術(shù)語(yǔ)<三>法文術(shù)語(yǔ)amiable,pleasantwithpassionbecomingsofterandslowersingingas,similartoasbeforeasaboveeasyfireproper,tempogiusto:instricttimethesameatthesamespeed、dyingawaynothingnoblydyingawaypossibleprestopossibile:asfastaspossibleasif,almostsonorous,resonantabovebelowinanundertoneswiftvoice親切的,令人愉快的充滿激情地漸弱及漸慢如歌的好像,如同跟前面一樣跟上面一樣容易火熱適當(dāng)?shù)?、?zhǔn)確的tempogiusto:以嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)乃俣韧瑯拥囊酝瑯铀俣戎饾u減弱沒(méi)有什么高貴地逐漸減弱盡可能地prestopossibile:盡可能快地好像響亮的,洪亮的在上面在下面以輕聲迅速的聲音;聲部五級(jí)：五級(jí)：dolentedoloredoppiomovimentoestintoincalzandolacrimosolocolungalusingandomisuraossiapiacevolepiangevolepochettino/poch.rinforzando/rf/rfzseguesmorzando/smorz.teneramentetenerezzatostovolante<二>德文音樂(lè)術(shù)語(yǔ)<二>德文音樂(lè)術(shù)語(yǔ)gostraightonimme