【課件】Unit+1+Reading+and+Thinking+課件人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)+

選擇性必修一Unit4WhatIhidebymylanguagemybodyutters.——RolandBarthes

我沒用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的東西由我的身體表達(dá)出來(lái)。—羅蘭·巴特Whatcanyoureadfromthepictureson

the

openingpage?Theyoungerwomanappearstobecryingandtheolderwomanlooksworried.Bothwomenhaveclosedpostures(閉合姿勢(shì)),showingthattheyarenotparticularlyreceptive(樂于接受的)toeachother.Theyoungerwomanpartlyturnsawayandishidingherface,showingshame,embarrassment,oradesireforprivacy(隱私).Theolderwomanislookingatherdisapprovingly(不以為然地).Whileherfrowncouldbeinterpretedassympathyfortheyoungwoman,thewaysheisclaspingherhands(緊握雙手)andhertightlycrossedlegs

(雙腿緊緊交叉)showthatshemaybeirritated(惱火)withtheyoungerwoman.Twomenaregivingeachothera“highfive”(擊掌).Fromthelooksoneveryone'sfaces,themanonthelefthaseitherreceivedsomegoodnewsorhasaccomplishedsomethingimportant,andsoeveryoneiscelebratingwithhim.TwoJapanesebusinessmenarebowingtoeachother.Astheyarebowingquitedeeply,thefeelingisveryformal.Thattheyarealsoclaspinghandsisquiteunusual—thisisnotameregreeting.Theyoungermanperhapswantstoshowgreatthanksandappreciationtotheoldermanbecauseofsomethingtheoldermanhasdoneorpromisestodoforhim,orbecausetheoldermanishighlyrespectedandtheyoungermandidnotexpecttohaveanopportunitytomeethiminperson.Thislookslikeascenefromatrainstation,whereagirlandhermotherareseeingherfatheroff.UnderstandbodylanguageP.38Itneedstobestressedthattheculturalpointsexpressedinthepassagevaryquiteabitinseriousness,dependinguponthecountryorarea.Forexample,whileinJapanmanyyoungpeoplelookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson,itisunlikelythataforeignerwouldcauseoffencebylookingsomeoneintheeye!However,insomecountries,theuseofthe“OK"signcanbequiteoffensiveandmaycausegreatproblems,asitisseenasavulgarinsult.Inaddition,manygesturesmayseemeasytounderstandandperform,butareguidedbycomplexsocialrulesthatavisitormaynotknowabout.Ifthesegesturesaredoneincorrectly,itcancausegreatproblems.Thisisespeciallytrueofgesturesthatinvolvebodilycontact.Forexample,inplaceswherepeoplekissonthecheekasagreeting,thekississometimesan"airkiss"thereisnoactualphysicalcontactbetweenthelipsandthecheek-anditcouldcauseproblemsifarealkissismade.Further,inmanycountries,kissingonthecheekismorecommonbetweenwomen,anditmaybefrowneduponforamantokissanotherman,orawomanhedoesnotknowwell.Whengoingabroad,itisalwaysbesttowatchandlearntheproperetiquetteforbodylanguagebeforeplungingonahead.P.38P.39AsignofrespectJapanMoneyJapanZeroFranceNotpoliteBrazilandGermanyAgreetingFranceandRussiaI'msleepyI'mfull.Mostplaces3Readthetextagain,andthendiscussthesequestions.1HowisthebodylanguagementionedinthetextinterpretedinChina?2CanyouthinkofanexampleofbodylanguagethatisappropriateinChinabutmightbe

misunderstoodinanotherculture?3Whatadviceonbodylanguagecanyougiveaforeignfriendonhis/herfirsttriptoChina?P.39SomearethesameinChina.Forexample,thegestureforputtinghandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadmeanssleeping.Avoidingeyecontactandloweringone'sheadmaymeanrespectandbeingshyinChina,whereasinsomeothercountriesthisbodylanguagemaybeinterpretedasbeingrude.

Pleasepayattentiontothesocialdistance,whichisdifferentinChinaandintheWest.4WatchthevideoSmileTrial,andthendiscussthequestionsingroups.1Smilescanbeusedtohidefeelingslikeanger,fear,orworry.Canyoudescribeasituationwhereyoumightsmilewhenyoudon’tmeanit?2Apartfromfakesmiles,isthereanyotherkindofbodylanguagethatcansometimesbefake?3Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone’sfeelings,theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?P.39SometimesIsmilewhenIamimpatient,butIknowIshouldn'tbe.Forexample,ifIamridingatrainandababystartscrying,Imaytrytosmile,becauseeventhoughthebaby’scryingisannoying,Iknowthatitisnotthebaby'sfaultandthereisprobablynothingthatcanbedone.Thereare"crocodiletears".Thisiswhenapersonfakesfeelingsadorsympatheticforanotherperson.(Thephrasecomesfromanoldstorythatcrocodilescrywhiletheyareeatingasthoughtheyfeelsadfortheirvictim.)Theirbodylanguageismuchmorereliablethanthewordstheysay,becausemostpeoplehavetroublehidingtheiranger,disappointment,orirritation.LanguagestudyP.38interaction

C&U(兩個(gè)以上的人或事物)相互影響、相互作用→交流e.g.Priceisdeterminedthroughtheinteractionofdemandandsupply(供需消長(zhǎng)).

Theinteractionbetweenmanandwifeaffectsthefamilyenvironment.interact

vi.

相互作用、相互影響；交流、交往、溝通、相處e.g.Politicsinteractswitheconomy.(=Politicsandeconomyinteractwitheachother.)Theteacherandstudentsshouldactivelyinteractinclass.(互動(dòng))interactive

adj.

交互的；互動(dòng)的interactivity

U

交互性、互動(dòng)性_________P.38Can

youconcludefromthisparagraphwhatbodylanguageis?

Thewaypeoplestand,thewaypeopleholdtheirarms,andthewaypeoplemovetheirhandsareallbodylanguagethatgivesussomeinformationabouttheirfeelings.P.38vary

vi.(多個(gè)事物在某方面)互不相同、參差不齊；(單一事物在某方面)變化e.g.Studentsfromuniversitiesvaryconsiderablyinquality.(不同大學(xué)的學(xué)生素質(zhì)參差不齊。)Pricesvaryaccordingtodemand.(價(jià)格歲需求變化。)variety

U

變化、多樣性C

種類、品種；變體various

adj.各種各樣的；多姿多彩的____P.38crucial

adj.至關(guān)重要的、關(guān)鍵性的e.g.Theattitudeiscrucial

toaperson’sacademicachievements.

(態(tài)度決定著人的學(xué)術(shù)成就。)Itiscrucialthatwedevelopagoodlearninghabit.(養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣至關(guān)重要。)Bodylanguageplaysacrucialpartininteractingwitheachother.(起著重要作用)_____P.38appropriate

adj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?、合適的→inappropriate

adj.

不合適的e.g.Redandotherbrightcoloursarenotappropriateforafuneral.

Summerisnotan

appropriateseasontowearboots.Itisinappropriateforateachertotalkaboutthistopicwithhisorherstudents._________P.38lookintosb.’seyes

=looksb.

(straight)intheeye(s)看著某人的眼睛

e.g.Youmustlookintohiseyesifyouwanttomakehimbelievewhatyouaresaying.

Youareashamedorembarrassedordishonestifyoucannotlookmeintheeye._____________________P.38bycontrast相比之下(用于表示與前述事物相比后述事物有明顯的差異)(=bycomparison)e.g.Sheisgoodateverythingwhile,bycontrast,herbrotherisagood-for-nothing.

USAisawarlikeimperialistcountrywhile,

bycontrast,Chinaisapeace-loving

socialistcountry.________P.38approvevi.(of)喜歡；贊成、同意vt.

批準(zhǔn)、認(rèn)可

e.g.Noteveryoneapprovesofthefestival.

Herparentsdon’tapproveofhergettingmarriedsoyoung.TheCongressofChinahaveapprovedthetreaty(條約).(批準(zhǔn))_________P.38demonstratevt.

表露出、表現(xiàn)(某素質(zhì)、感情)；(用證據(jù))證明、證實(shí)、論證；示范；示威

e.g.Willful(任性的)peopleshoulddemonstratemoreself-control.(表現(xiàn))Thestudydemonstratesthelinkbetweenpovertyandpooreducation.(證實(shí))Agooddrivinginstructorshoulddemonstratehowtodrive.(示范)Alotofpeopleincitiesaredemonstratingagainstthewar.(示威)_________表達(dá)：任性的人應(yīng)該邊線處更多的自制。該研究證實(shí)了貧困與教育水平低下之間的聯(lián)系。好的駕駛教練應(yīng)該示范怎么駕駛。許多城市有很多人在示威反戰(zhàn)。P.38gesture

C&U(頭、手等部位表示某意思或感情的動(dòng)作)手勢(shì)、姿勢(shì)

posture

U&C(站或坐的)姿勢(shì)e.g.Jimraisedhishandsinagestureofsurrender(投降).

Dumbpeoplehavetocommunicatewithgestures.Goodpostureisessentialwhensittingatyourdeskintheclassroom._____P.38witness

vt.親眼看見、目擊；親身經(jīng)歷；(某時(shí)間、某地)發(fā)生……

C目擊者；證人

e.g.Thosewhohavewitnessedthedisasterwillprobablyhaveanightmare(惡夢(mèng)).Fewpeopleremainwhowitnessedthetwoworldwarsinthelastcentury.(親歷)______P.38employ

vt.雇傭→應(yīng)用、運(yùn)用；使用

e.g.Howmanypeopledoesthecompanyemploy?

(雇傭)Agoodteacheroften

employsvariousteachingmethodsinhisclass.(使用)_____P.38encounter

vt.遭遇到(令人不快的事或難事)

→意外地遇見、邂逅e.g.It’snotunusualto

encountersomedifficultiesinyourlife.

Heencounteredhiswifewhentravellingabroad.(邂逅)_______P.38identical

adj.(to,with)完全相同的、一模一樣的、相同的e.g.Twinbrothersorsistersareidentical

inappearancebutnotincharacter.

Herdressisalmostidentical

tomine.

______P.38interpret

vt.口譯→

把……解釋/理解為→解釋、詮釋→演繹e.g.Hisrefusaltoworklatewasinterpretedasalackofcommitmenttothecompany.I

don’tknowwhethertointerprethersilenceasacceptanceorrefusal.Heinterpreted

therolewithalotofhumour.他把這個(gè)角色演得十分幽默。______P.38how引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，且第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞how修飾從句動(dòng)詞，

表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式，而第二個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞How修飾副詞close，表程度

e.g.Doyouknowhowheachievedhislifegoal?(修飾動(dòng)詞achieved，表示方式)Youcanhardlyimaginehow

inspiringherstorywas.(修飾形容詞inspiring表程度)________________________________________________________________________________P.38kiss

sb.onthe+身體部位吻某人的某部位

e.g.Georginatookhiminherarmsandkissedhimonthelips.

喬治娜抱住他，吻了他的嘴唇。注意：vt.(pat/beat/hit/take/hold/catch/

seize,etc.)+sb.+prep.+the+身體部位e.g.Seeinghisoldfriend,heseizedhimbythehandandslappe