2022年高考沖刺講解與建議（天津卷）

2022天津高考英語(yǔ)試題分析與答案詳解總體分析：今年的天津市高考英語(yǔ)試卷仍然秉承這注重考查語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的原則，注重了特定語(yǔ)言環(huán)境下上、下文的聯(lián)系，難度適中，話題豐富且貼近生活，不失為一套質(zhì)量較好的試題。試題分析：第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空該節(jié)從以下幾個(gè)方面考查學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平：1.基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)2.對(duì)詞義的正確理解3.相近詞的辨析4.固定詞組的搭配5.交際用語(yǔ)的靈活運(yùn)用第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)例：Standoverthere_____you’llbeabletoseeitbefore.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit’sverycold.A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until2.Mybrotherisreally____.Heoftenworksinhisofficefarintothenight.A.open-mindedB.hard-workingC.self-confidentD.warm-hearted3.----Ijustcan’tstopworryingabouttheresultofthejobinterview.----_____.There’snothingyoucandonowbutwait.A.RelaxB.GoaheadC.GoforitD.Goodluck4._____theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown5.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishA.neitherB.someC.allD.both6.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t7.Themealover,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomto______theirdiscussion.A.putawayB.takedownC.lookoverD.carryon8.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiver_______MarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.A.howB.whichC.thatD.where9.----HowmuchdoIoweyouforlunch?----______.It’snothing.A.You’rewelcomeB.ForgetitC.WithpleasureD.That’sright10.ManyChineseuniversitiesprovidedscholarshipsforstudents______financialaid.A.infavourofB.inhonourofC.infaceofD.inneedof11.Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof____likecoal,gasandoil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products12.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterA.whereB.howC.whenD.why13.Hershoes______herdress;theylookverywelltogether.A.suitB.fitC.compareD.match14.He_____footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.A.wasplayingB.playedC.hasplayedD.hadplayed15.Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas_______.A.outfsightB.outfreachC.outforderD.outfplace第1題：正確答案C。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中兩個(gè)句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中連詞的掌握情況。由含義可知后句“那天下雨或寒冷”與前句“這周日去公園野餐”是條件與結(jié)果的關(guān)系，且為否定成立，故正確答案為D“如果不”第2題：正確答案B。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中兩個(gè)句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中四個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞含義的理解。通過(guò)第二句的“worksinhisofficefarintothenight”可知“我”哥哥是個(gè)勤奮工作的人。故正確答案為B.A項(xiàng)含義為“開(kāi)通的，無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的”C項(xiàng)含義為“自信的”D項(xiàng)含義為“熱心腸的”第3題：正確答案A。該題考查考生對(duì)對(duì)話及情景的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的掌握情況。由對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知一方對(duì)于面試結(jié)果表示擔(dān)憂；另一方安慰其耐心等待。故A項(xiàng)為正確答案?！胺潘伞庇糜诰徑鈱?duì)方壓力。B項(xiàng)用以同意對(duì)方的建議或鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方去做“開(kāi)始吧，去做吧”C項(xiàng)“不要猶豫不決，要全力以赴”D項(xiàng)用于預(yù)祝對(duì)方好運(yùn)“祝你好運(yùn)”第4題：正確答案C。該題考查考生對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)形式的掌握情況。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞最關(guān)鍵的一步為確定其邏輯主語(yǔ)。此題的邏輯主語(yǔ)為“thefans”與動(dòng)詞“throw”之間應(yīng)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境可知“l(fā)etoutloudshout(大聲喊叫)”與“throw”應(yīng)為同時(shí)發(fā)生，故正確答案應(yīng)為C.第5題：正確答案D。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中兩個(gè)句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中代詞的掌握情況。由上句中的“usetheInternetorgotothelibrary”可知只涉及到兩種情況，故可刪除B、C項(xiàng)。由含義可知此處應(yīng)為肯定，故正確答案應(yīng)為D.A項(xiàng)含義為“兩者都不”第6題：正確答案A。該題考查考生對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)用法的掌握情況。句意：“她不可能離開(kāi)學(xué)校了，因?yàn)樗能囘€在這兒?！北绢}為否定的推測(cè)，故正確答案應(yīng)為A.C項(xiàng)“should”表推測(cè)多用于肯定句。其它選項(xiàng)含義不符。第7題：正確答案D。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中兩個(gè)句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的掌握情況。由題干中的“wentback”可知“午餐過(guò)后，經(jīng)理們返回辦公室繼續(xù)他們的討論。故正確答案應(yīng)為D.“carryon”與”wentback”相對(duì)應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)“putaway”含義為“儲(chǔ)存，放好，收拾好”B項(xiàng)“takedown”含義為“取下，記下，拆除”C項(xiàng)“l(fā)ookover”含義為“檢查，檢閱”第8題：正確答案C。該題考查考生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握情況。此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)“alongtheMississippiRiver”還原后應(yīng)為“MarkTwainspentmuchforhischildhoodalongtheMississippiRiver.”故正確答案應(yīng)為C.第9題：正確答案B。該題考查考生對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容的理解以及對(duì)英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的掌握情況。題干中的含義為“欠”所以句意為“午餐我欠你多少錢？”由答句可知正確答案應(yīng)為B“Forgetit.”含義“算了吧，別放在心上”A“Youarewelcome”含義“不用謝”C“Withpleasure“含義“非常樂(lè)意（用于答應(yīng)別人的請(qǐng)求）”D“That’sright.”含義“那是對(duì)的”第10題：正確答案D。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中介詞短語(yǔ)的掌握情況。句意：“中國(guó)的很多大學(xué)提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金給需要財(cái)政幫助的學(xué)生”故正確答案應(yīng)為D.A項(xiàng)“infavorof”含義“贊成或支持”B項(xiàng)“inhonourof”含義為“出于對(duì)某人的敬意”第11題：正確答案A。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中句子含義的理解以及對(duì)選項(xiàng)中名詞含義的理解。由題干中的”coal,gas,oil”可知都是燃料故正確答案為A。B項(xiàng)為“物品”C項(xiàng)為“貨物，商品”D項(xiàng)為“產(chǎn)品”第12題：正確答案C該題考查考生對(duì)表語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的掌握情況。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句子主語(yǔ)為”Thelasttime”句意為“我們最后一次痛快的玩是我們參觀的時(shí)候”“when“與“thelasttime”相適應(yīng)。故正確答案為C第13題：正確答案D。該題考查考生對(duì)相近動(dòng)詞的區(qū)分。suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位等。fit多指大小、形狀合適match多指大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配compare“比較”強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的對(duì)比。句意為她的鞋子與她的裙子很相配。故正確答案為D第14題：正確答案B該題考查考生對(duì)題干中句子含義的理解以及對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的掌握情況。由題干中的”formanyyears”很多同學(xué)推斷出應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但”whenhewasyoung”這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表明“他”打球是過(guò)去式，未持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。由”regularly”可知“他”過(guò)去經(jīng)常打球，是一種過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，因此刪掉A“wasplaying”“正在打”D項(xiàng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，此題并無(wú)此意。因此正確答案應(yīng)為B.第15題：正確答案A。該題考查考生對(duì)題干中句子含義的理解以及對(duì)介詞短語(yǔ)的掌握情況。句意：“在火車站，母親一直揮手同女兒告別直到火車遠(yuǎn)到看不見(jiàn)。故正確答案為A。B.“outofreach”“手不能及，非某人能力所及“C.“outoforder”“出故障，工作不正?！盌.“outofplace”“不在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?，不適當(dāng)?shù)摹钡诙?jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Jenna,apopulargirlfromWestwoodclassandwasreadyfornew16inhig17,highschoolwasdifferent.Inthefirstweek,Jennawenttotryouts(選拔賽)forcheerleaders(拉拉隊(duì)隊(duì)員).Shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbe18forhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the19readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout.Herheart20asthelistendedwithouthername.Feeling21,shewalkedhomecarryingherschoolbagfullofhomework.Arrivinghome,shestartedwithmath.Shehadalwaysbeenagoodmathstudent,butnowshewas22.ShemovedontoEnglishandhistory,andwas23tofindthatshedidn’thaveanytroublewiththosesubjects.Feelingbetter,shedecidednotto24mathforthetimebeing.ThenestdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool25.Mrs.Bidenwasn’tas26asJenna.“I’msorry,butwehaveenough27forthenewspaperalready.Comebacknextyearandwe’lltalkthen.”Jennasmiled28andleft.“Whyishighschoolso29?”shesighed.Laterin30class,Jennadevotedherselftofiguringouttheproblemsthathadgivenhersomuch31.Bytheendofclass,sheunderstoodhowtogetthemright.Asshegatheredherbooks,Jennadecidedshe’dcontinuetotryto32athernewschool.Shewasn’tsureifshe’dsucceed,butsheknewshehadto33.Highschoolwasjustashermomhadsaid:“Youwillfeellikeasmallfishinabigpond34abigfishinasmallpond.Thechallengeistobecomethe3516.A.processesB.decisionC.challengesD.exercises17.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Besides18.A.difficultB.easyC.boringD.interesting19.A.editorB.bossC.candidateD.judge20.A.jumpedB.sankC.stoppedD.raced21.A.strangeB.happyC.awfulD.lonely22.A.strugglingB.improvingC.workingD.complaining23.A.ashamedB.disappointedC.shockedD.relieved24.A.putupB.prepareforC.worryaboutD.giveup25.A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.team26.A.enthusiasticB.artisticC.sympatheticD.realistic27.A.speakersB.readersC.cheerleadersD.writers28.A.widelyB.weaklyC.excitedlyD.brightly29.A.similarB.ordinaryC.differentD.familiar30.A.physicsB.historyC.EnglishD.math31.A.pleasureB.hopeC.troubleD.sorrow32.A.fitinB.lookoutC.stayupD.getaround33.A.swimB.tryC.askD.escape34.A.inreturnforB.incaseofC.intermsofD.insteadof35.A.slimmestB.smallestC.bestD.gentlest第二節(jié)完形填空今年完形填空選用的是一篇記敘性短文，敘述了主人公Jenna在進(jìn)入高中之后所經(jīng)歷的變化與不同以及她逐漸適應(yīng)變化的過(guò)程，與考生的經(jīng)歷相近，符合學(xué)生的心理，便于學(xué)生理解。16．通過(guò)空前“wasreadyfor”“準(zhǔn)備好”以及下文所描述的困難，可知Jenna已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了迎接高中期間新的“挑戰(zhàn)”且與最后一句相呼應(yīng)。17．盡管做了準(zhǔn)備，然而，高中還是不一樣的。同上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。18．通過(guò)上文描述“verytalentedgirls(非常有才華的女孩們)”可知競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，“她”要被選上有些“困難”19．宣布第二輪選拔賽名單的人應(yīng)是“裁判員”C項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)"candidate”“申請(qǐng)人，候選人”20.通過(guò)句意可知當(dāng)名單讀完還沒(méi)有“她”的名字的時(shí)候，“她”的心情應(yīng)該是“沮喪”，選項(xiàng)B“sank”“下沉”與“herheart”連用，表心情不好。21.選拔賽失利，“她”當(dāng)然懷著“不好”的心情回家。選項(xiàng)C“awful”含義為“極壞的22.通過(guò)句中可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，“她”以前很擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，但現(xiàn)在不這樣了。選項(xiàng)A“struggling”含義為“（艱難的）奮斗”23.通過(guò)句意可知，在“她”轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)與歷史后，發(fā)現(xiàn)“她”在這些科目上沒(méi)有遇到麻煩，與前面的數(shù)學(xué)相比，心情當(dāng)然是“輕松的”選項(xiàng)D"relieved”含義為“寬慰的，放心的”24.句意：感覺(jué)好多了，“她”決定暫時(shí)不再為數(shù)學(xué)“煩惱”25．通過(guò)第27空所在句中的”newspaper”可找出答案26．通過(guò)的話可知“她”并不像那樣對(duì)這件事熱情，感興趣。B“artistic”含義“愛(ài)好藝術(shù)的，有藝術(shù)才能的”C“sympathetic”含義“同情的，表示同情的”D“realistic”含義“實(shí)事求是的”27.句意：很抱歉，但我們的報(bào)紙已經(jīng)有足夠的作者了。28．被拒絕，Jenna當(dāng)然“無(wú)力”的一笑。29．呼應(yīng)第二段第一句可知，Jenna感嘆高中與初中“不同”30．通過(guò)第三段可知，Jenna有問(wèn)題的是數(shù)學(xué)，因此，“她”是在數(shù)學(xué)課上全心解決問(wèn)題。31．問(wèn)題帶來(lái)的當(dāng)然是“麻煩”32．通過(guò)上句可知，“她”解決了數(shù)學(xué)難題，獲得了信心，所以，當(dāng)Jenna收拾課本的時(shí)候，“她”決心繼續(xù)努力的去“適應(yīng)”新的學(xué)校。33．“try”與句中succeed相呼應(yīng)，句意：“她”不確定是否會(huì)成功，但“她”知道“她”必須去“嘗試”。34.通過(guò)前后兩句含義可知“大池塘里的小魚(yú)”同“小池塘里的大魚(yú)”是對(duì)比關(guān)系，“insteadof““而不是”表對(duì)比35．句意：挑戰(zhàn)就在于成為你能成為的最好的魚(yú)。第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASandraCisneroswasborninChicagoin1954toaMexicanAmericanfamily.Astheonlygirlinafamilyofsevenchildren,sheoftenfeltlikeshehad“sevenfathers,”becausehersixbrothers,aswellasherfather,triedtocontrolher.Feelingshyandunimportant,sheretreated(躲避)intobooks.Despiteherloveofreading,shedidnotdowellinelementaryschoolbecauseshewastooshytoparticipate.Inhighschool,withtheencouragementofoneparticularteacher,Cisnerosimprovedhergradesandworkedfortheschoolliterarymagazine.Herfatherencouragedhertogotocollegebecauseherthoughtitwouldbeagoodwayforhertofindahusband.Cisnerosdidattendcollege,butinsteadofsearchingforahusband,shefoundateacherwhohelpedherjointhefamousgraduatewritingprogramattheUniversityofIowa.Attheuniversity’sWriters’Workshop,however,shefeltlonely----aMexicanAmericanfromapoorneighborhoodamongstudentsfromwealthyfamilies.ThefeelingofbeingsodifferenthelpedCisnerosfindher““ItwasnotuntilthismomentwhenIconsideredmyselftrulydifferentthatmywritingacquiredavoice.IknewIwasaMexicanwoman,butIdidn’tthinkithadanythingtodowithwhyIfeltsomuchimbalanceinmylife,butithadeverythingtodowithit!That’swhenIdecidedIwouldwriteaboutsomethingmyclassmatescouldn’twriteabout.”Cisnerospublishedherfirstwork,TheHouseonMangoStreet,whenshewastwenty-nine.ThebooktellsaboutayoungMexicanAmericangirlgrowingupinaSpanish-speakingareainChicago,muchliketheneighborhoodsinwhichCisneroslivedasachild.Thebookwonanawardin1985andhasbeenusedinclassesfromhighschoolthroughgraduateschoollevel.Sincethen,Cisneroshaspublishedseveralbooksofpoetry,achildren’sbook,andashort-storycollection.36.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutCisnerosinherchildhood?A.Shehadsevenbrothers.B.Shefeltherselfanobody.C.Shewastooshytogotoschool.D.Shedidnothaveanygoodteachers.37.ThegraduateprogramgaveCisnerosachanceto_____.A.workforaschoolmagazineB.runawayfromherfamilyC.makealotoffriendsD.developherwritingstyle38.AccordingtoCisneros,whatplayedthedecisiveroleinhersuccess?A.Herearlyyearsincollege.B.HertrainingintheWorkshop.C.Herfeelingofbeingdifferent.D.Herchildhoodexperience.39.WhatdowelearnaboutTheHouseonMangoStreet?A.Itisquitepopularamongstudents.B.ItistheonlybookeverwrittenbyCisneros.C.Itwasn’tsuccessasitwaswritteninSpanish.D.ItwonanawardwhenCisneroswastwenty-nine.第二部分：閱讀理解(A)本篇文章為我們介紹了一個(gè)人物——有一個(gè)害羞的小女孩成為知名作家的故事，著重描述了她獨(dú)特寫作風(fēng)格形成的原因。36．B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段的第三句話“感到害羞，不重要，她躲到書(shū)本中”可知應(yīng)選”nobody”“不重要的人，小人物”從文中第一段的第二句提到她有6個(gè)哥哥，可刪除A由文中第二段第一句可知D項(xiàng)不正確。37.D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段最后兩句“在大學(xué)的文學(xué)社，她感到孤獨(dú)……這種與別人不同的認(rèn)知幫助她找到了她的‘獨(dú)創(chuàng)聲音’即寫作風(fēng)格”可推知D項(xiàng)正確。38.C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段第一句她所說(shuō)的“直到我認(rèn)識(shí)到我真的與眾不同我的寫作才獲得聲音”可得知C項(xiàng)正確。39.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段第二句“……h(huán)asbeenusedinclassesfromhighschoolthroughgraduateschoollevel（這本書(shū)從高中到大學(xué)的課上都被使用）”可知A項(xiàng)正確。由最后一段可知B項(xiàng)中的"only”不正確。C項(xiàng)是邏輯錯(cuò)誤。由最后一段的前兩句可知D項(xiàng)不正確。BIlovecharity(慈善)shopsandsodolotsofotherpeopleinBritainbecauseyoufindquiteafewofthemoneveryhighstreet.ThecharityshopisaBritishinstitution,sellingeverythingfromclothestoelectricgoods,allatverygoodprices.Youcangetthingsyouwon’tfindintheshopsanymore.ThethingIlikebestaboutthemisthatyourmoneyisgoingtoagoodcauseandnotintothepocketsofprofit-drivencompanies,andyouarenotdamagingtheplanet,butfindinganewhomeforunwantedgoods.Thefirstcharityshopwasopenedin1947byOxfam.Thefamouscharity’sappealtoaidpostwarGreecehadbeensosuccessfulithadbeenfloodedwithdonations(捐贈(zèng)物).Theydecidedtosetupashoptosellsomeofthesedonationstoraisemoneyforthatappeal.Nowthereareover7,000charityshopsintheUK.MyfavouritecharityshopinmyhometownistheRedCrossshop,whereIalwaysfindchildren’sbooks,all10or20penceeach.Mostofthepeopleworkinginthecharityshopsarevolunteers,althoughthereisoftenamanagerwhogetspaid.Over90%ofthegoodsinthecharityshopsaredonatedbythepublic.Everymorningyouseebagsofunwanteditemsoutsidethefrontofshops,althoughtheydon’tencouragethis,ratheraskpeopletobringthingsinwhentheshopisopen.Theshopshaveverylowrunningcosts:allprofitsgotocharitywork.Charityshopsraisemorethan￡110millionayear,funding（資助）medicalresearch,overseasaid,supportingsickandpoorchildren,homelessanddisabledpeople,andmuchmore.Whatbetterplacetospendyourmoney?Yougetsomethingspecialforaverygoodpriceandagoodmoralsense.Youprovidefundstoagoodcauseandtreadlightlyontheenvironment.40.Theauthorlovesthecharityshopmainlybecauseof_______.A.itsconvenientlocationB.itsgreatvarietyofgoodsC.itsspiritofgoodwillD.itsniceshoppingenvironment41.ThefirstcharityshopintheUKwassetupto____.A.sellcheapproductsB.dealwithunwantedthingsC.raisemoneyforpatientsD.helpaforeigncountry42.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutcharityshops?A.Theoperatingcostsareverylow.B.Thestaffareusuallywellpaid.C.90%ofthedonationsaresecond-hand.D.Theyareopentwenty-fourhoursaday.43.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhattoBuyaCharityShops.B.CharityShop:ItsOrigin&Development.C.CharityShop:WhereYouBuytoDonate.D.ThePublic’sConcernaboutCharityShops.(B)本文主要介紹了慈善商店的基本特色以及慈善商店的創(chuàng)建與發(fā)展。40．C推理判斷題。由第一段第四句"ThethingIlikebestaboutthemisthatyourmoneyisgoingtoagoodcause”“我“最喜歡慈善商店的一點(diǎn)是你的錢用于有用的事業(yè)可推斷出C項(xiàng)為正確答案。"goodwill”含義為“好意”41．D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第二、三兩句"thefamouscharity’sappealtoaidpostwarGreecehadbeensosuccessful……”可知第一個(gè)慈善商店的建立是為了籌錢援助戰(zhàn)后的希臘。而從文章的第一段可知作者是英國(guó)人。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)中的"patients”未提。42.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段第一句"Theshopshaveverylowrunningcosts”可知A項(xiàng)正確。"running”相當(dāng)于"operating”含義為“運(yùn)營(yíng)”由第三段第一句中"volunteer（志愿者）"可知B項(xiàng)不正確。由第三段第二句可知慈善商店中90%以上的商品為公眾捐贈(zèng)，但并不能推出是“二手貨”，故C項(xiàng)不正確。D項(xiàng)未提43.C主旨大意題。本文的最后一句為主題句。由"agoodmoralsense(好的道德感)"和"Youprovidefundstoagoodcause（你為一項(xiàng)有意義的事業(yè)提供資金）"可知C項(xiàng)為最好題目。"CharityShop:WhereYouBuyToDonate.（慈善商店----一個(gè)買東西就相當(dāng)于捐款的地方。）CMichaelFishmaysoonbereplacedasaweatherforecasterbysomethingtrulyfishier---theshark(鯊魚(yú)).ResearchbyaBritishbiologystudentsuggeststhatsharkscouldbeusedtopredictstorms.LaurenSmith,24,isclosetocompletingherstudyonshark’sabilitytosensepressure.Ifherstudiesprovethetheory,scientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviourofsharkstopredictbadweather.MissSmithhadpreviouslystudiedthebehaviouroflemonsharksintheBahamas.Shethenusedtheircloserelatives,lesserspotteddogfish,forfurtherresearchatAberdeenHerwork---thoughttobethefirstofitskindtotestthepressuretheory----resultedfromtheobservationthatjuvenileblacktipsharksoffFloridamovedintodeeperwateraheadofaviolentstormin2022.MissSmithsaid:“I’vealwaysbeencrazyabouttravelinganddivingandthisledmetoaninterestinsharks.”“Iwasdelightedtohavebeenabletoresearchintheareaformydegree.Iknowthere’ssomuchmoreweneedtounderstand----butitcertainlyopensthewaytomoreresearch.”Ithasbeendiscoveredthatasharksensespressureusinghaircellsinitsbalancesystem.AttheBiminiSharkLabintheBahamas,MissSmithfixedhi-techsensorstosharkstorecordpressureandtemperature,whilealsotrackingthemusingGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)technology.InAberdeen,shewasabletostudytheeffectsoftidal(潮汐的)andtemperaturechangesondogfish----noneofwhichwereharmed.Shealsousedaspeciallabwhichcanmimic(模擬)oceanicpressurechangescausedbyweatherfronts.Sheisduetocompleteherstudyandgraduatelaterthisyear.Shesaysshewillbelookingforajobwhichwillgiveherthechancetoenrichherexperienceofsharkresearch.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_____.A.ashort-storycollectionB.apopularsciencemagazineC.aresearchpaperD.apersonaldiary45.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfourparagraphofthepassage?A.Sharksmaybeusedtopredictbadweather.B.Sharks’behaviourcanbecontrolled.C.MichaelFishisnotqualifiedforhisjob.D.LaurenSmithwillbecomeaweatherforecaster.46.LaurenSmithconductedherresearchby_______.A.removinghaircellsfromashark’sbalancesystemB.measuringtheairpressureofweatherfrontsC.recordingsharks’bodytemperatureD.monitoringsharks’reactiontoweatherchanges47.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Apopularwayofforecastingweather.B.Anewresearcheffortinpredictingstorms.C.Biologists’interestinthesecretsofsharks.D.LaurenSmith’sdevotiontoscientificresearch.(C)本文為科普類文章，介紹了一位英國(guó)生物系學(xué)生對(duì)于鯊魚(yú)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)暴風(fēng)雨的研究。44．B推理判斷題。本題適宜用排除法。由文章內(nèi)容來(lái)看這是一篇科普文，A、D可刪除，由文章的語(yǔ)言來(lái)看，并未出現(xiàn)大量的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，可刪除C“aresearchpaper”（科研論文）45．A推理判斷題。由第一段和第四段可知，前四段所要表達(dá)的含義為Ifherstudiesprovethetheory,scientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviorofSharkstopredictbadweather.（科學(xué)家們可以通過(guò)監(jiān)視鯊魚(yú)的行為來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)不好的天氣”。故A項(xiàng)正確。46.D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段可知，MissSmith在鯊魚(yú)身上安裝高科技感應(yīng)器來(lái)記錄pressure(壓力)和temperature(溫度)，故選D項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)不全面。47.B主旨大意題。文章的主旨句為第二段，全文圍繞著鯊魚(yú)可能被用來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)天氣的研究展開(kāi)。因此，B項(xiàng)正確。DWecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively（被動(dòng)地）.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor(謠言).DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stamping（打上標(biāo)記）itwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermaybere-statedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.48.Accordingtothepassage,passivelearningmayoccurin_______.A.doingamedicalexperimentB.solvingamathproblemC.visitinganexhibitionD.doingscientificreasoning49.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto_____.A.activelearningB.knowledgeC.communicationD.passivelearning50.TheauthormentionsthegameRumortoshowthat_____.A.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedonB.amessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentwaysC.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearingD.peopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumor51.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Activelearningislessimportant.B.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.D.Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.(D)本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了被動(dòng)獲得知識(shí)所存在的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題——被告知的可能是謠言。并用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中簡(jiǎn)單的事例加以說(shuō)明。48．C推理判斷題。由文章第二段前兩句weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeelse,……intheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVofreadnewspaperormagazinesispassive可知被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)是指由別人告知所獲得的知識(shí)。故選C.A、B、D都是主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。49.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)it所在句可知這個(gè)代詞指代的是前句所提的被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，句意：在日常生活中依靠被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)并不奇怪。50．A推理判斷題。通過(guò)第四段最后一句可知，原始的含義改變了，例證了第三段提出的論點(diǎn)“被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)使我們接受被告知的事物，甚至有時(shí)是謠言?！币虼薃項(xiàng)為正確項(xiàng)。51．B推理判斷題。此題可用排除法。A、C兩項(xiàng)未提，而由最后一段第一句可知D項(xiàng)不正確。由文章第三段加后幾段的例證可推知B項(xiàng)正確。EAskids,myfriendsandIspentalotoftimeoutinthewoods.“Thewoods”wasourpart-timeaddress,destination,purpose,andexcuse.IfIwenttoafriend’shouseandfoundhimnotathome,hismothermightsay,“Oh,he’soutinthewoods,”withatone(語(yǔ)氣)ofairyacceptance.It’ssimilartothetonepeoplesometimesusenowadaystotellmethatsomeoneI’mlookingforisonthegolfcourseoratthegym,oreven“awayfromhisdesk.”Forusten-year-olds,“beingoutinthewoods”wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.Wesometimestoldourselvesthatwhatweweredoinginthewoodswasexploring(探索).Exploringwasamorepopularideabackthenthanitistoday.Historyseemedtobemostlyaboutexplorers.Ourexplorations,though,seemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickind:somethingusuallycameupalongtheway.Saywestayedinthewoods,throwingrocks,shootingfrogs,pickingblackberries,digginginwhatwewerebrieflypersuadedwasanItalianburialmound.Oftenwegot“l(fā)ost”andhadtoclimbatreetofindoutwherewewere.Ifyoureadastoryinwhichsomeonedoesthatsuccessfully,beskeptical:thetopmostbranchesareusuallytooskinnytoholdweight,andwecouldneverclimbhighenoughtoseeanythingexceptothertrees.Therewerefourorfivetreesthatwevisitedregularly----tallbeeches,easytoclimbandcomfortabletositin.Itwasinatree,too,thatourdaysoffoolingaroundinthewoodscametoanend.Bythensomeofushasreachedseventhgradeandhadbeguntheroughrideofadolescence（青春期）.InMarch,themonthwhenweusuallytooktothewoodsagainafterwinter,twofriendsandIsetouttogoexploring.Weclimbedatree,andallofasuddenitoccurredtoallthreeofusatthesametimethatwerereallywereratherbigtobeupinatree.SoontherewouldbethespringdancesonFridayeveningsinthehighschoolcafeteria.52.Theauthorandhisfiendswereoftenoutinthewoodsto_______.A.spendtheirfreetimeB.playgoldandothersportsC.avoiddoingtheirschoolworkD.keepawayfromtheirparents53.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Theactivitiesinthewoodswerewellplanned.B.Humanhistoryisnottheresultofexploration.C.Explorationshouldbeasystematicactivity.D.Theauthorexploredinthewoodsaimlessly.54.Theunderlinedword“skeptical”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.calmB.doubtfulC.seriousD.optimistic55.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthischildhood?A.Happybutshort.B.Lonelybutmemorable.C.Boringandmeaningless.D.Longandunforgettable.(E)本文描述了小時(shí)侯玩耍的“樹(shù)林”對(duì)與“我”和朋友們的意義。主要講述了我們?cè)凇皹?shù)林”中所從事的活動(dòng)——探索，以及之后隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，不再去那里的過(guò)程。52．A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段一、二兩句可得到答案。53．D推理判斷題。由第二段第三句“但是我們的探索與歷史上的相比不夠系統(tǒng)，有些東西通常都是在沿途中偶然出現(xiàn)的”可知，作者探索是aimlessly（無(wú)目的的）54.B猜測(cè)詞義題。由畫(huà)線詞的后一句“最高的樹(shù)枝通常太細(xì)以至于不能承重，所以我們從來(lái)不能爬到可以看到除了樹(shù)以外的其它事物。因此，爬到樹(shù)上找出路是“不可信”的。55.A推理判斷題。從全文看，作者在“樹(shù)林”里過(guò)的很愉快，又由最后一段可知，當(dāng)我們一部分人上了七年級(jí)之后。我們?cè)凇皹?shù)林”中的玩耍就結(jié)束了。很短暫。因此，正確選項(xiàng)為A.第三部分：寫作第一節(jié)：短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫(huà)一個(gè)勾（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下面畫(huà)一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。LastsummerIgotoAmericaandstudiedatalanguage56.school.Ihadmanywonderfulexperience,butIalso57.hadasadone.Oneday,theschoolheldparty,