中考賓語(yǔ)從句詳解和練習(xí)題

PAGEPAGE2賓語(yǔ)從句一、賓語(yǔ)從句的定義：賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。Iknowhim.Iknowwhoheis.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)連詞從句主語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)主句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ):位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者介詞后：Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?賓語(yǔ)從句的概念：從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞、形容詞之后。WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語(yǔ)從句分類(lèi):根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞，賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類(lèi):1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.that的省略：e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.注意：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以省略第一個(gè)that,其他不能省略。eg．Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter．2.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。if/whether“是否”，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑問(wèn)不確定意義的詞之后；從句句意完整，不缺成分。Iwanttoknowif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.Askhimwhether(if)hecancome.Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.Couldyoutellmewhether(if)MrLiliveshere?只用whether的情況：1.在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)：主語(yǔ)從句:Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.表語(yǔ)從句：Thequestioniswhetheritistrue.(為了強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)部分，也可把從句提在主句前。WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.）Thequestionwhetherhewillacceptitconfusesus.2.用在動(dòng)詞不定式之前時(shí)(whethertodosth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.3.當(dāng)與ornot連用，或or提出兩種選擇時(shí):Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.在介詞或discuss后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.注意：只能用if不能用whether的情況1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引導(dǎo)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.if/whether用法巧記:兩個(gè)“是否”并不難，一般情況可代換。下列情況用whether,主表不定式or(not)。作為討論介詞賓,此時(shí)if不可跟。還有一點(diǎn)也得編，whether從句可提前。引導(dǎo)條件表“如果”，再也不可用whether。賓語(yǔ)從句若否定，whether一詞不可用。練習(xí)：選擇if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________heiswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.三、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：主句+連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分；即：助動(dòng)詞不能放在主語(yǔ)前面。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike()3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive()4.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis()5.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()6.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgo()7.Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()8.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()9.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()10.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that()11.Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear___Isaid?David?Yes,Mum

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.If()12.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.

A.whichB.whereC.ifD.That()13.Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchoose

C.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose()14.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()15.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow

()16.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose()17.Theydon'tknow______theirparentsare.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

()18.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,?A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()19.Iwonderifhetonight.Ifhe,I’llletyouknow.A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcome()20.Nobodyknowshe’llcomeornot.A.thatB.ifC./