大學(xué)英語第二冊課件市公開課獲獎?wù)n件省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎?wù)n件

TeachingArrangementsPeriod1and2:AbriefintroductiontoThomasJefferson;GlobalreadingofthetextPeriod3and4:Vocabularystudy,difficultsentences,Classactivity,translationexercisesPeriod5and6:CheckingwhattheyhavelearnedthroughSpeakingandFastReadingActivity1/78QuoteAyear’splanstartswithspring.Aday’splanstartswithmorning.Seizetheday!2/78ReadthetextandfindouttheidentitiesofThomasJeffersonThethirdpresidentoftheUSAuthoroftheDeclarationofIndependenceAcommitteememberasayoungmanStatesman/diplomat(AmbassadortoFrance)Philosopher/thinkerExpertinagriculture,archeologyandmedicineInventorArchitectWriterEducator3/78JeffersonwasagoodandtirelesswriterFiftyvolumesofhiscompleteworksAuthoroftheDeclarationofIndependenceMillionshavethrilledtohiswords4/78Writeaparagraphbeginningwiththefollowingtopicsentence.TheAustriancomposer,Mozart,wasconsideredamongthemosttalentedandprolificcomposersinhistory.A4Double-spacedOneweek5/78BillClinton(1946-)the42ndPresidentoftheUnitedStates(1993-1996)thefirstpresidentbornafterWorldWarIIelectedtoasecondtermin1996.HillaryClinton(1947-)FirstLady(1993-)NewYorkStateSenatorInrunningforthepresidencySecretaryofState6/78BarackObama(1961-)the44thpresidentoftheUS(-)thefirstAfrican-AmericanpresidentNobelprizewinnerforPeace7/78WhoWasHeThomasJefferson8/78

ThomasJefferson(1743-1826)isbestrememberedasagreatPresidentandastheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence.Healsowonlastingfameasadiplomat,

apoliticalthinker,andafounderoftheDemocraticParty.Jefferson'sinterestsandtalentscoveredanamazingrange.HebecameoneoftheleadingAmericanarchitectsofhistimeanddesignedtheVirginiaCapitol,theUniversityofVirginia,andhisownhome,Monticello.HegreatlyappreciatedartandmusicandtriedtoencouragetheiradvancementintheUnitedStates.9/78

Jeffersoninventedadecodingdevice,alapdesk,andanimprovedtypeofmoldboardplow.Hiscollectionofmorethan6400booksbecameamajorpartoftheLibraryofCongress.JeffersonrevisedVirginia'slawsandfoundeditsstateuniversity.HedevelopedthedecimalsystemofcoinagethatallowsAmericanstokeepaccountsindollarsandcents.Jeffersondidnotconsiderhimselfaprofessionalpolitician.Instead,heregardedhimselfasapublic-spiritedcitizenandabroadminded,practicalthinker.Hepreferredhisfamily,hisbooks,andhisfarmstopubliclife.Buthespentmostofhiscareerinpublicofficeandmadehisgreatestcontributiontohiscountryinthefieldofpolitics.10/78Asaperson,heisalwaysfascinatingbecausehedidsomanydifferentthingssowell.Hisinterestsandtalentscoveredareallyamazingrange.Besidesbeingawell-knownstatesman,hewasawriter,athinker,adiplomat,anarchitect,amusician,ascientistandinventor.Thoughhelived83years,heneverceasedtobeyounginspirit.Hewasalwayslearningsomethingnew,alwaystryingtocontributetohumanprogress.Hedidnothaveanypersonalambition,however,Heoncewrote:“

Ihadratherbeshutupinaverymodestvillage,withmybooks,myfamilyandafewoldfriends,diningonsimplebacon,andlettingtheworldrollonasitlikesthantooccupythemostsplendidpostwhichanyhumanpowercangive.”Thesocietyhethoughtofasidealwasonewherelandowningfarmerscouldliveunderaslittlegovernmentaspossible.11/78Ihadratherbeshutupinaverymodestcottage,withmybooks,myfamilyandafewoldfriends,diningonsimplebacon,andlettingtheworldrollonasitlikesthantooccupythemostsplendidpostwhichanyhumanpowercangive.

我寧愿隱居在恬淡祥和村莊里，粗茶淡飯，與，書、朋友和家人為伴，讓世界按照自己方式自然去運轉(zhuǎn)，而不愿擁有世人所能賦予顯赫職位。Nopersonalambitionloveforbooks,familyandfriendsUnderstandthefollowing12/78HisbeliefsfreedomdemocracyequalityWeholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRights,thatamongtheseareLife,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness.我們認(rèn)為這些真理是不言而喻：人人生而平等，他們都從他們“造物主”那邊被賦予了一些不可轉(zhuǎn)讓權(quán)利，其中包含生命權(quán)、自由權(quán)和追求幸福權(quán)利。

(fromtheDeclarationofIndependence)13/78Unit2LessonsfromJefferson14/78GlobalReadingPartDivisionPartI(para1-2):AbriefintroductiontoThomasJeffersonPartII(Para3-8):SomeideasandprinciplesgivenbyThomasJefferson.PartIII(para9-11):HistalentsinmanyfieldsandhiscontributiontoUSA.15/78IV.DetailedStudyofPart11.WhyisThomasJeffersonlessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln?Washingtoniswell-knownforhisleadershipintheAmericanIndependenceWar.Lincolniswell-knownforhisroleinabolishingslaveryintheUnitedStates.16/78GeorgeWashington

(1732-1799)AbrahamLincoln(1809-1865)17/781.Hewasbornintoawealthyfamilythatplantedtobacco.2.Hewaschosenascommander-in-chiefinthesecondContinentalCongressduringtheAmericanRevolution.3.Hestronglyopposedtodictatorshipandcommittedtorepublicanism.4.HewasdissatisfiedwithArticlesofConfederation,thusUnitedStatesConstitutionwasdrafted.5.in1789,hewaselectedasthefirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates.6.Hewasregardedasaninternationaliconforliberationandnationalismasheledhiscountrysuccessfullyfightagainstcolonialempire.18/781.Hewasborninapoorfamilyandwasself-educated.2.HeservedonetermintheHouseofRepresentativesbutfailedtwicetoobtainaseatintheSenate.3.Hehadwonthepresidentialelectionin1860and1864respectively.4.HepreservedtheUnionduringtheAmericanCivilWar.EmancipationProclamationwasissuedin1863andslaverywasabolished.5.HismostquotedGettysburgAddressdeclaredAmericandedicationtonationalism,equalrights,libertyanddemocracy.6.Hewasassassinated6daysofConfederatesurrender.19/78IV.DetailedStudyofPart22.WecanlearnalotfromWhatJeffersonsaidandwrote,thatis,fromhisideas.Canyougivesomeexamples?Goandsee.Youcanlearnfromeveryone.Judgeforyourself.Dowhatyoubelieveisright.Trustthefuture;trusttheyoung.20/78Q1GiveanexampletoshowthatJeffersonbelievedpersonalinvestigationisimportant.21/78Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant.1)主句Jeffersonbelieved為普通過去時，而后面從句卻用了普通現(xiàn)在時，說明敘述內(nèi)容為人們普遍接收客觀道理。

Theboyslearnedyesterdaythattheplanetsarecirclingaboutthesun.2)謂語動詞believed引導(dǎo)兩個由that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,在非正式文體中，引導(dǎo)第一個賓語從句that普通可省略，第二個則不能省略，以免引發(fā)歧義。Iunderstand(that)youhavestudiedChinese,andthatyouhavewrittenChinesepoetry.Shedenied(that)shehadseenthemanandthatshehadbeenintouchwithhim.

22/78Whenstillayoungman,hewasappointedtoacommittee.=Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasappointedtoacommittee.Ifyouarefree,youcancometomyhouse.=iffree,youcancometomyhouse.

用when,whether,unless,though,if,while,although,what,once等引導(dǎo)從句中，假如謂語動詞為be，同時主語與主句主語相同時或者狀語從句主語是it,，從句主語和動詞be能夠省略。--Although(hewas)seriouslywounded,hecontinuedtofightwiththecriminalbravely.--Oncedeprivedofoxygen,thebraindies.

MoreexamplesareonP.38.23/78AppointThePresidentappointedanewcabinetmember.IheardthatthecommitteewouldappointhimdirectoroftheChinaStudiesProgram.Hewasappointedtoauniversitychair.appointsb.asappointsb.(todo)sth.appointsb.to(ajob,post,position,etc.)

24/78

Q2WhatwasJefferson’sattitudetowards“peopleofhumbleorigins”?25/78Bybirthandbyeducation,hebelongedtothehighestsocialclass.=Judgingbyhisfamilyandeducationalbackground,Jeffersonwasamemberofthegroupwithtopsocialstatus.按出身及其所受教育，杰斐遜均屬于最高社會階層。26/78Yet,inadaywhenfewnoblepersonseverspoketothoseofhumbleoriginsexcepttogiveanorder,Jeffersonwentoutofhiswaytotalkwithgardeners,servants,andwaiters.

Question:Whydidn’tnoblepersonsspeaktothoseofhumbleoriginsexcepttogiveanorder?=Thenoblepersonsthoughttheyweresuperiorandlookeddownuponthepeopleofhumbleoriginsandregardedtalkingwiththosepeopleasdegrading.Butsometimestheyhadtobecausetheyhadtoorderthosepeopletodothingsforthem.然而，在那個貴族除了發(fā)號施令以外極少跟出身卑賤人說話年代，杰斐遜卻想盡方法跟園丁、仆人和侍者交談。27/78

JeffersonandtheFrenchRevolution

JeffersonservedasministertoFrancefrom1785to1788whenrevolutionwasimminentinFranceHesympathizedwiththerevolution,feelingitwassimilarinpurposetotheAmericanRevolution.ThankstohispoliticalwritingsandhislegalreformsinVirginia,FrenchreformersregardedJeffersonasachampionofliberty.28/78humbleLowinpositionHavingahumblejoballhislife,heiseagertopleaseothers.Napoleon’shumbleorigindidnotstophispoliticalambition.HavingamodestopinionofoneselfIwassurprisedtofindEinsteintobesuchahumbleperson.Inmyhumbleopinion,YourMajesty,itistimeforthePrincetoimprovehisimage.29/78originThoseofhumbleoriginApersonofaristocraticoriginApersonofFrenchorigin,heisnowanAmericancitizen.source:n.placefromwhichsth.comes;placewhereariverstartsTheygettheirmoneyfromvarioussources.source&origin這兩個名詞都有“根源，起因”之意。source原指“水源”，轉(zhuǎn)義指事物“根源，起因或出處”。origin指事物起始于某時或某處，或由其產(chǎn)生另一事，即“起源，起因，由來”，有時也指“出身，血統(tǒng)”。30/78ApersonofFrench

,heisnowanAmericancitizen.Thisnewcomesfromanofficial.Forme,musicisagreat

ofenjoyment.Theydevelopedanewtheorytoexplainthe

oftheuniverse.31/78Gooutofone’sway(todosth.)Janewentoutofherwaytobenicetothenewcomer.Heissoselfishthathenevergoesoutofhiswaytohelpothers.Bothpartiesaregoingoutoftheirwaytoreachacompromise.32/78threatenGiantpandasarethreatenedwithextinction.OliverTwistwasthreatenedintostealing.Thehijackerthreatenedtokillthepilot.33/78Q3Whydidheinsisteduponhavingafreepress?34/78Wereitlefttometodecidewhetherweshouldhaveagovernmentwithoutnewspapersornewspaperswithoutagovernment,Ishouldnothesitateamomenttopreferthelatter.Wereitlefttometodecide等于

Ifitwerelefttometodecide.在虛擬條件狀語從句中，假如從句中有should,were或助動詞had時，可省略if，將這些詞提到句首，主謂語用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Shouldwewanttoacceleratethemotion,weshouldhavetoexertsomeforce.Hadyoutoldmethematterearlier,Iwouldnothavedonethefoolishthing.假如讓我來決定我們是應(yīng)該有一個政府而不要報紙呢還是應(yīng)該有報紙而不要政府，我會毫不猶豫地選擇后者。35/78(Lines30~32)“Neitherbelievenorrejectanything,”hewrotetohisnephew,“becauseanyotherpersonhasrejectedorbelievedit……Question:Howdoyouunderstand“Neitherbelievenorrejectanythingbecauseanyotherpersonhasrejectedorbelievedit.”?Neverbelieveorrejectanythingonlybecauseanyotherpersonhasrejectedorbelievedit.Don’tacceptblindlyotherpeople’slikesordislikes.Onemusthaveindependentthought.36/785.Whydidheinsistuponhavingafreepress?Afreepresscouldtellthetruth.37/78reject:vt.refusetotake,believe,useorconsider

Werejectedhisideaforamusicclub,anddecidedtohaveanartclubinstead.Sherejectedhisofferofmarriage.他向她求婚,她拒絕了。inject:v.注入，注射injectionn.注射，注入object:v.不贊成，反對；n.物品，東西，對象objectionn.反對，異議38/78Thedrugis

directlyintothebaseofthespine.Sarah

herbrother'sofferofhelp.Ifnoone

,IwouldlikeMrsHarrisontobepresent.39/78Refuse,decline,rejectIwonderwhyherefused

todiscusstheproblematthemeeting.Severalsoldiersrefusedtoobeytheorder.Ideclined

herinvitationtothedinnerpartybecauseIhadapriorappointment.Theblindmansmilingdeclinedtobehelpedacrossthestreet.Sherejectedhismarriageproposal.Theboardrejected

allourideas.40/78Q4WhatwasthephilosophyunderlyingJefferson’sdeterminationnevertoanswerhiscritics?41/78Itisconflictandnotunquestioningagreementthatkeepsfreedomalive.

TurntoPage39formoreexamples.42/78conflict:1.vi.beopposed;clashThestatementsofthetwowitnesses’conflict.Theiraccountofeventsconflictswithours.2.n.disagreement;clash;fightSomepeoplefeelthereisagreatdealofconflictbetweenreligionandscience.Thetwocompaniescomeintofrequentconflictsasaresultofcompetition.43/78resent:vt.feelangryorbitterat

Ibitterlyresentyourcriticism.我對你批評十分反感。我們對他成為令人注目標(biāo)中心人物感到忿恨。Weresenthisbeingthecenterofattraction.resentdoingsth.resentsb./sth.doing我反感不得不工作那么長時間。Iresentedhavingtoworksuchlonghours.44/78Whatishisattitudetothefutureandtheyoung?Beoptimisticaboutthefutureandtheyoung.Trustthefutureandtheyoung.Q545/78Hedidnotfearnewideas,nordidhefearthefuture.

=hedidnotfearnewideas,andhedidnotfearthefuture,either.MoreexercisesareonPages38and39.46/78DetailedStudyofPart31.WhatareThomasJefferson’scontributionstoUSA?anexpertinagriculture,archeologyandmedicinePracticecroprotationandsoilconservationInventaplowInfluencearchitecture5.agoodandtirelesswriter6.amanwhomadegreatcontributiontoAmericaneducation47/78superior:adj.goodorbetterinqualityorvalueThegovernmenttroopsweresuperiorinnumbers.Thisclothissuperiortothat.besuperiorin在…方面占優(yōu)勢besuperiorto優(yōu)于…；高于…superior反義詞是inferior，“下等、劣等”，慣用搭配是“beinferiorto”，比如：Theseproductsareinferiortothoseweboughtlastyear.這些產(chǎn)品比我們?nèi)ツ曩I質(zhì)量差。48/78HeinfluencedarchitecturethroughoutAmerica,andhewasconstantlyproducingdevicesformakingthetasksofordinarylifeeasiertoperform.ManyofthedevicesJeffersoninventedarestillremembered—amachineforcopyingimportantpapers,aninstrumentthatindicatestheweatherbothindoorsandoutdoors,arotatingdesk,tonameonlyafew.他影響了整個美國建筑業(yè)，他還不停地制造出各種機械裝置，使日常生活中需要做許多工作變得愈加輕易。49/78ItannouncedthatthethirteenAmericancolonieswerenolongerapartoftheBritishEmpire.ThomasJeffersonwasselectedtocomposetheoriginaldraft,whichwasapprovedonJuly4IndependenceDay---bythecongress.ItdeclaredtheindependenceoftheUnitedStates,listedcolonialgrievancesagainsttheKingandassertedcertainnaturalandlegalrights.ItisoftenusedtopromotetherightsofmarginalizedpeoplethroughouttheworldandrepresentsamoralstandardforwhichtheUSshouldstrivefor.Lincolnconsideredittobefoundation

ofhispoliticalphilosophy.50/78AgreateducatorHebelievedthatonlyanationofeducatedpeoplecouldremainfree.Hisproposedaschoolsystemofthreestepsineducation51/78Theschoolsystemofthreesteps

Thefirststepwouldbeelementaryschools,whereallchildrencouldlearnreading,writing,arithmetic,andgeography.Thesecondstepwouldbecolleges...equaltothehighschoolsoftoday.Studentswouldbeginthestudyofscience,orwouldstudyagriculture,orhowtousetheirhandstomakethings.Theseschoolswouldbepaidforbythestate.Thethirdstepwouldbeastateuniversity,wherestudentsofgreatabilitycouldgotogetthebestofeducations.Theuniversitywouldproducethelawyers,doctors,professors,scientists,andgovernmentleaders.52/78owesth.to:1)believe(something)tobetheresultof(something)Heowedhissuccesstoluckmorethantocapacity.2)feelgratitude(tosb.)inreturnforaservice,favor,etc.Iowemyteachersandparentsagreatdeal.53/78Statementonhisgravestone"HerewasburiedThomasJefferson--authoroftheDeclarationofAmericanIndependence,oftheVirginiaLawforReligiousFreedom,andFatheroftheUniversityofVirginia.“

byThomasJefferson54/78AfterReading_1.11.從書本中獲取知識2.親自作調(diào)查3.做現(xiàn)場觀察4.研究相關(guān)某一問題文件5.社會階層6.發(fā)號施令7.出生卑微人8.燒飯鍋obtainknowledgefrombookspersonalinvestigationmakeon-the-spotobservationsstudypapersonasubjectsocialclassgiveanorderpeopleofhumbleoriginsacookingpotUsefulExpressions

BeforeReadingGlobalReadingDetailedReadingAfterReading55/78AfterReading_1.2判斷真理與謬誤頭腦認(rèn)真思索力量源泉毫不猶豫有效地采取行動被無用習(xí)俗束縛住手腳

滿懷希望地把恐懼拋在后面amindforjudgingtruthanderrorwithcarefulthoughtasourceofstrengthnothesitateamomentactonwitheffectbechainedtocustomswhichhavelosttheirusefulnesswithhopeleavefearbehindBeforeReadingGlobalReadingDetailedReadingAfterReading9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.56/78AfterReading_1.317.存在18.不知疲憊作家19.一切人生來平等20.一份豐富思想遺產(chǎn)

inexistenceatirelesswriterallmenarecreatedequalarichlegacyofideasBeforeReadingGlobalReadingDetailedReadingAfterReading57/78Writeaparagraphbeginningwiththefollowingtopicsentence.TheAustriancomposer,Mozart,wasconsideredamongthemosttalentedandprolificcomposersinhistory.58/78Ex.4onP34Owesleaving…tohumbleinfluenceOrigininexistencejudgmentActingonwentoutofherwayHesitatesthreateninghas…beenappointed59/78Prelude(introductiontomeandtheparty)TheargumentThehostess’behaviorTheAmerican’strickResult60/78TheDeclarationofIndependence

AdoptedonJuly4,1776TherightsbelongtoeverybodyRecountsthewrongstheBritishdidagainstcoloniesProclaimtheindependencefromBritishruleMarkthebeginningofanewnationHence,July4becomethenationalbirthday61/78VocabularyStudyObtain:getthrougheffort1.Theoldwomanwhoobtainedherdegreeattheageof74wonrespectfromothers.2.Thetoppoliticiantravelednon-stoptoobtainsupportforhisnewproposal.62/78BesidesPrep.inadditionto,aswellasAllweknowthatthisgirlhasmanygoodqualitiesbesidesbeingverypretty.

Ad.Inaddition;alsoOh,Ithinkthisovercoatisalittlebitexpensive.Besides,itseemstobeoutoffashion.63/78Refuse,decline,rejectIwonderwhyherefusedtodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.Severalsoldiersrefusedtoobeytheorder.IdeclinedherinvitationtothedinnerpartybecauseIhadapriorappointment.Theblindmansmilingdeclinedtobehelpedacrossthestreet.Sherejectedhismarriageproposal.Theboardrejectedallourideas.64/78Hesitate,pauseDon’thesitateindoingwhatyoubelieveisgoodandcorrect.Ihesitatedtopaysomuchforasuit.Shepausedatthedooroutoffear.Afterposingthedifficultquestion,theteacherpausedandlookedexpectantlyatus.65/78ConflictBeopposed;clashYourtwostatementsconflictwitheachother.Itisreportedthatsomeworkersonstrikeconflictedwiththepolice.Disagreement;clash;fightThetwocompaniescomeintofrequentconflictsasaresultofcompetition.66/78ActonDosth.Inaccordancewith;followActingonthedoctor’ssuggestion,thewomanhasdecidedtogoonadiet.67/78LeavebehindWhentheenemywithdrew,muchoftheheavyequipmentwasleftbehind.68/78discover,invent,createUntilColumbusdiscoveredAmericanooneinEuropeknewitexisted.Jeffersoninventedseveraldevicesformakingdailychoreseasier.Mr.Smith,averyimaginativewriter,createsmanyenduringcharactersinhisnovels.69/78besuperiortoTheywerefarsuperiorinnumbertotheirenemy.Thenewmachineissuperiortotheoldonesinthatitconsumeslessfuel.70/78influenceHaveaneffectonPublicopinionsareusuallyinfluencedbymassmedia.Itwasmyfatherwhoinfluenc