項目經(jīng)理教程第十一周

ProjectManagement

6.Contemporaryissuesweek11Currentissues

inprojectmanagementGray&Larson,2006,Ch16.CurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesFiveforcesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesFiveforcesGlobalcompetitionKnowledgeexplosionInnovationTimetomarketShortenedproductlifecyclesCurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesProjectscopeDisciplineOrganisationThefocusofprojectshasshiftedfromtacticaltostrategicEnterpriseProjectManagement(EPM)ProjectManagementOffice(PMO)EnterpriseProjectManagement(EPM)isacentralizedmanagementofaportfolioofprojectstoensurethattheallocationofresourcestoprojectsisdirectedandbalancedtowardthestrategicfocusoftheorganizationEnterpriseProjectManagement(EPM)TheProjectmanagementoffice(PMO)istheunitresponsibleforsupportofstandards,processes,andinformationsystemthatdefinesprojectmanagementfortheorganizationProjectManagementOffice(PMO)ThereisincreasingdisciplineinthewayprojectsaremanagedTrainingUniformtrainingacrossteammakeup,teamculture,outsidepartners,andorganizationsupportallowsforstandardizationinpracticesandprocessesrelatedtoprojectsOrganizationCultureAsystemofsharedbeliefssupportsorganizationalflexibilityinmeetingthechallengesofmanagingprojectsinglobalizedcompetitiveenvironmentsFromWeek4FromWeek4OrganizationCultureAsystemofsharedbeliefssupportsorganizationalflexibilityinmeetingthechallengesofmanagingprojectsinglobalizedcompetitiveenvironmentsFromWeek4FromWeek4AndWeek10MulticulturalProjectsCulturaldifferencesandgainingtrustamongteammembersaremajorhurdlestoovercomeInformationTechnologyweb-basedmanagementofprojectscontinuestoincreaseasoutsourcingdoesvirtualteamscontinuetoincreaseadvancesintechnologysuchaswirelesscommunicationprovidenewavenuesRiskManagementMoreattentionnowturningtomanagingriskonprojects.Organizationsneedtobalancechoiceofprojectswithvarietyoflow,mediumandhighriskprojectsacrosstheirportfolioOutsourcingAcommonstrategyistooutsourcestandardworkorpartsandreserveinsideworktheiscomplexanddeemproprietaryCompaniesneedtoconsider;contractmanagement,RFP’s,changecontrolandpartneringMulticultural

ProjectsOutsourcingProject

Management

DisciplineOrganization

CultureInformation

TechnologyRisk

ManagementTrainingCurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesThissectionThe5thdisciplineBusinessProcessesCommunitiesVirtualworldsEmergentdesignAdaptablevstable(andtheimpactonplanning)DistributedvcentralThe5thDiscipline=TheLearningOrganizationMostorganizationsonlylast40years.Organizationsthatcanlearnfasterthantheircompetitorswillsurvivelonger.Tocreatenewlearningandthinkingbehaviorsinitspeopleanorganizationmustfollow5basicprinciples:personalmasterymentalmodelssharedvisionteamlearningsystemsthinkingBusinessProcessRe-engineeringProcessesRatherThanFunctionsAprocess-centeredorganizationisacompanywhoseperspectivehasshiftedfromtaskstoprocesses;anapproachtodesigninganorganizationwherethebusinessprocessesarethedrivingstructuresAdvantages:

employeesareself-managedvirtuallyeverydepartmentisinvolvedcustomerperspectiveencouragesprofessionalismCommunitiesRatherThanGroupsCommunitiesformoftheirownvolitions.Groupsareformedbydesign;theirmembersaredesignatedbyaprojectmanagerAdvantages:peopledotheworkhelpsbuildtacitknowledgefortheorganizationchangeagent;communitiesarewebsofparticipation,whenapatternchangestheorganizationchangesVirtualRatherThanPhysicalUsescomputerandtelecommunicationtechnologiestoextendcapabilitiesbyworkingwithemployeesorcontractorslocatedthroughouttheworld.Eg.e-mail,instantmessaging,andvideoconferencingTimeandspacearenolongermainorganizingfoundationsAdvantage:

globalizationSelf-OrganizingRatherThanDesignedNatureprovidesagoodmodelforfutureorganizations;organizationsmustdealwithcomplexity,shareinformationandknowledge,andcopewithcontinuousanddiscontinuouschange—centeredaroundchaostheory,ecologyandbiologyAdvantage:adaptability;canadapttonaturalphenomenaAdaptableRatherThanStableSuccessfulorganizationswillbestructuredtonaturallysupportvolatilityandcontinualsurprises.ITiscausingtheworldtobecomeconnectedandconnectivityincreasevolatility.Tokeeppace,companieswillneedtoadaptquicklyAdvantage:evolution;organizationalmodelswillbebuiltaroundnetworks,andwillbedesignedto

evolveDistributedRatherThanCentralizedDistributedCapitalismkeyfeatures;deepsupportuniquetoeachindividualsupportedbyIT,individualsmayownaspectsofthemeansofproduction,distributedproductionandownershipMarket-BasedOrganizationskeyfeatures;marketssupportedbyITcommunicationfacilities,decentralizedworkforce;democraticstructuresCurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesUnderstandingUsersValueManagementAligningbusinessandITUserCentricDesignPuttingtheuserfirstAdoptionofnewtechnologyInnovationdiffusionUnderstandingUsersHowdousersadopttonewtechnology?UnderstandingUsersHowdousersadopttonewtechnology?InovationDiffusionTheory.ThismodelsuggeststhattechnologiesareadoptedatratesthatfollowanormaldistributionFigure7.2InnovationDiffusionTheory

(Luftman,2004,p182)IncreasingExecutives’UnderstandingofInformationTechnologyIncreasingExecutives’UnderstandingofInformationTechnologyYoutellthemWhatareExecutivesLeadershipRoles?WhataretheCurrent,ExistingandUpcomingITIssuesWhatthisdeeperunderstandingofprojectsmeansforExecutiveLearningEducatingInformationSystemPeopleaboutBusinessTrainthebusinessMoveintothebusinessLeadwiththebusinessAttendbusinessprogramsCurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesHowfarcanvirtualprojectmanagementevolve?Howdowemanageprojectsunderhighlevelsofuncertainty?CurrentTrendsFutureTrendsOrganizingPrinciplesProjectManagementChallengesUnresolvedIssuesCareerIssuesCareerPathsTemporary

AssignmentsPursuingaCareerProfessional

Trainingand

CertificationGainingVisibilityMentorsSuccessin

KeyProjectsReviewCurrenttrends

inITinclude;globalcompetition,knowledgemanagement,innovation,marketingandproductlife-cycles.FuturetrendsaffectingITprojectmanagersinclude;scopechange,systemintegration,andamoredisciplinedapproach.Organizationprinciplesinclude;learningculture,process-centred,communities,virtualbusinesses,self-organizing,adaptable,anddistributedbusiness.Challengesforprojectmanagersinclude;increasingexecutivesunderstandingofITandincreasingIT’sbusinesssavvy.Projectmanagementisthecareerofthefuture,howeveritisnotallsmoothsailing.ReferencesLuftman,J.(2004).Managingtheinformationtechnologyresource–Leadershipintheinformationage.Prentice-Hall.McNurlin,B.,&Sprague,R.(2006).Informationsystemsmanagementinpractice(7thed.).UpperSaddleR