Unit4語法學(xué)案-高中英語人教版

B3U4SpaceExploration

DiscoveringUsefulStructures導(dǎo)學(xué)案Class:Group:Name:組內(nèi)評價:老師評價:[Learningobjectives]identifyandanalyzetheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributes;mastertheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributesthroughselfstudyandpractice.useinfinitivestodescribespacefactsandeffortstoexplorespace.Step1.Leadin（導(dǎo)入）觀看下面句子并分析畫線局部在句中所作的成分1.Toactlikethatischildish.2.1wishtolearnEnglishwell..Mybrotheraskedmetocleantheroomwithhim..Myambitionistobeeadoctor..Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse..YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Step2.Presentation（課堂呈現(xiàn)）：不定式不定式是動詞的一種非限定形式，由“"構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能作謂語。但不定式具出名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作、、、、、等。動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)主9諳本 被9諳本一般式 —迸行式 一 …，一 ———完成式完成進行式1.不定式作主語Tomakesuchamistakeisfoolish.= 為防止句子消失“頭重腳輕〃現(xiàn)象，常用做形式主語，將真正主語的不定式后置。構(gòu)成以下結(jié)構(gòu)： .Mankinddesiretofindoutthesecretsofuniverse.翻譯：我覺得對中國來說花錢探究太空是重要的。常接不定式做賓語的動詞有： Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.帶to的不定式做賓語補足語的動詞有: 留意：在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中，以下動詞后作賓補的動詞不定式應(yīng)省略t。:Myambitionistobeeadoctor. Hisjobistolookafterth。horses.5.不定式作定語(1).Ihavealotofworktodo. Sheisthefirststudenttoetoschool.不定式作定語，一般放在被修飾的名詞、代詞O⑵.只能用動詞不定式做定語的狀況①Pleasemakeanefforttocatchthebus. Hemadeapromisetoehereontimetomorrow.當修飾的名詞是［一些表示企圖、努力、愿望、準備、力量等意義的抽象名詞)。②Thenewspaperreporterwasthelasttowalkoutofthecave.Thisisthethirdquestiontobediscussed.等后或被這些詞修飾的名詞后常用動詞不定式作定語。③Thelettertobewrittenistomyfather. Themattertobediscussedisimportant.當定語表示的動作時。(4)Fvegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式作后置定語。⑤Ihavenothingtofearbutfearitself. Thereisnothingtoworryabout/tobeworriedabout.不定式作定語也可用在和中。.不定式里的動詞作定語時的關(guān)系①Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.Sheisalwaysthefirst(person)toeandthelasttoleave.不定式與所修飾的詞是 「(2)Wehavesomethingtodiscuss. Ihaveameetingtoattend,不定式作后置定語，與被修飾詞是，且不定式和句子的主語是，那么不定式用主動表O③Imustkeepthepromisetopaywithinamonth.不定式與所修飾的詞是,解釋說明所修飾詞，常見的這類詞有.不定式加介詞作定語Hismotherislookingforahousetolivein. Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Hereisapieceofpaperforyoutowriteon. Givemeasuitablepentowritewith.作定語的動詞不定式假如是不及物動詞或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的 「單句語法填空nmanyhomesintheUK,thefirstperson(wake)uphastomaketeaforthefamily..Theairport(plete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea..Thebestway(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub..Carolwashappythatshehadthechance(experience)thelifeinthecity..Thesecoursesofferusopportunities(improve)ourabilitiestoappreciateart..不定式作狀語.作目的狀語Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting. Helaiddownhislifetosavethechild.Heshoutedandwavedinordertobenoticed.I'llwritedownhistelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit.有時為了強調(diào)或突出這種目的，也可以用-.作結(jié)果狀語HewenthometofindhisoldfriendGeorgewaitingfbrhim.Hereturnedhometolearnhisdaughterhadjustbeenengaged.不定式作結(jié)果狀語常與等連用O不定式作結(jié)果狀語常用于以下句型結(jié)構(gòu)： ,作緣由狀語Samwasverysurprisedtohearthenews. Iwasafoolnottolistentoyouatthattime.不定式作緣由狀語常用于以下句型結(jié)構(gòu)：“〃，此類形容詞多是等表示喜怒哀樂的心情形容詞。(4)主語(物)+be+形容詞+todo〃Thesongishardtosing. Thequestioniseasytounderstand.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中用不定式的主動形式表達意義。用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：等;且不定式和句子的主語是動賓關(guān)系單句語法填空.(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse..WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance(visit)theWorldWarIbattlefields..WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad(find)themalive..Wouldyoubesokindas(spare)sometimetoeandjoinus?Theairport(plete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.(2013四〃I改)Wearehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision(make)atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourpany.(2012重慶)Volunteeringgivesyouachance(change)lives,includingyourown.(2013二I匕京)Thestudentsarelookingforwardtohavinganopportunity(explore)societyofreallifeexperience.(2013上海)1havealotofreadings(plete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山東)Theplay(produce)nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.(2009安徽)Theability(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(2011湖南)It'simportantfbrthefigures(update)regularly.(2011d匕京)B