高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總

Homework11

ExplaintheConcepts系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)(CA:ComputerArchitectute)、高級(jí)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)(AdvancedCA)、Amdahl

law、SCALARPROCESSING、LOOK-AHEAD、PVP、SMP、MPP、DSM、COW、GCE、CISC、RISC、VMM、SUPERCOMPUTER、SVM、MAINFRAME、COMPUTERSYSTEMONCHIP、PARALLELARCHITECTUREINTOSINGLECHIP、MOORE定律、UMA、NUMA、COMA、CC-NUMA、NORMA、SHELLARCHITECTURE,PRAM,BSP,LogP2

ExplaintheFlynnclassify

anditssemantics.3WherearethedifficultiesofParallelProcessing?

Whatis‘Parallel(并行)、concurrent(并發(fā))

andSimultaneous’(同時(shí))separately?4Assumethatasystemcomponentbespeededto10times,itspastprocessingtimeaccountsfor40%ofthesystem,howmuchwillbethesystemperformanceimproved?5PleasedrawthememoryHierarchychart.高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總homework21

ExplainingConceptionsRISC,CISC,VLIW,SUPER-SCALAR,SUPER-PIPELINE,SUPER-SCALAR-SUPER-PIPELINE,IPC,SINGLEISSUE,MULTIPLEISSUE,OOO,Multi-Threading2Inidealcase,pleasegivetheperformancesforSUPER-SCALAR,SUPER-PIPELINE,SUPER-SCALAR-SUPER-PIPELINE,andgiveN=8examplesandtheiraverageIPC.3PleasedescribetheCPUtechnologyinrecentyears,andgiveanexampletoillustratetheirtechnicalparameters.Pleasegivecomputingtraceofa[i+7]=b[j+1]+c[k+8]+d[m+10]forT9000Howtosolvethemulticorememorywallproblem?6Simplecomputerdesigntest:SupposedthereareasimpleCPUwithA15-A0,D7-D0,readandwrite,anregisterandTri-statebuffersforI/Odevice,a8k*8ROMwithA12-A0,D7-D0,CEandOE,anda8k*8RAMwithA12-A0,D7-D0,CE,RDandWR.Pleaseyoudesignthecircuitofasimplecomputer.高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總Homework1)Thereisaprogramina40MHz

processor，itsnumberofintegerarithmeticinstructionsis45000

andtheclockis

1.Thenumberofinstructionswithdataoperationsis32000

andtheclockis2.

Thenumberoffloatinstructionsis15000

anditsclock2.ThenumberofinstructionssuchasJMPetcis8000

anditsclockis2.PleasegiveitsCPI、MIPS

andtheCPUexecutiontime.2)

IfthecommunicationcostinaSP2

machineis

t（m）=46+（0.035）m,please

giveits(漸進(jìn)帶寬)r∞andits(半峰值信息長(zhǎng)度)

m1/2.3)IfaN*N

matrixAismultipliedbyaN*NmatrixB,itstimeisT1=CN3s,but

theexecutiontimeinamachinewithnnodesisTn=(CN3/n+bN2/square-root(N))s，here,C,Nandb

isaconstant.PleaseyougiveitsSpeedupunderfix-workload,fix-timeandfix-memoryusage.高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總4)

(等效率)see:kumarV,RaoVN.Paralleldepth–firshsearch,partii:Analysis.Int’IJofParallelProgramming,1987,16(6):501-5195)(等速度)see:SunXH,etc.scalabilityofparallelalgorithm-machinecombina-tions.IEEEtransactiononparallelanddistributedsystem,1994,5(6):519-6136)

(等延遲)see:ZhangXD,etc.latencymetric:anexperimentalmethodformeasuringandevaluatingparallelprogramandarchitecturescalability.JofparallelanddistributedComputing,1994,22:392-410.高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總2023/9/225HOMEWORK1解釋ConceptsStatenetwork(靜態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò))、Daymicnetwork(動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò))、crossbar(交叉開(kāi)關(guān))、Multi-buses(多總線)2DrawN=25

MESH3寫(xiě)出用混洗交換網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬單級(jí)立方體網(wǎng)絡(luò)的互連函數(shù)表達(dá)式pleasegivethesinglecubefunctionbyusingSHUFFLE-EXCHANGENETWORK4HowmuchhavethedifferentbusArbitrateAlogrithms?Whatisitsmeritanddemerit?總線仲裁有幾種，各有何優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)？高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總HOMEWORK1THEREAREP1,P2,P3,P4ANDM1,M2,M3,M4,PLEASEUSE2*2CROSSBARSWITCHBOXTODESIGNACONNECTIONNETWORKOFP1~M2,P2~M4,P3~M1,P4~M3.2WHATISDS-LINK?3WHATISDIFFERENCEBETWEENMESSAGE-PASSINGANDSHAREDMEMORY?4WHATAREWORMHOLECOMMUNICATIONANDITSPERFORMANCE?5ExplainingthatMyrinet,HiPPI,FDDI,ATM,SCI,and100BaseT。高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總6采用蟲(chóng)洞尋徑的超立方體多機(jī)系統(tǒng)中，如果相鄰節(jié)點(diǎn)間有一對(duì)方向相反的單向通道，試證明在該系統(tǒng)上實(shí)現(xiàn)立方體編碼下的尋徑不會(huì)死鎖。(Inasupercubenetworkwithwormholecommunication,ifthereisapairoppositeone-waylinkbetweenanytwoneighbournodes,pleasetrytoproofthatthenetworkcannotbedeadlockedwhenlookingforpath)高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總自由任選（課外大作業(yè)）

任選一個(gè)具有代表性的BENCHMARK小程序,要求:1)請(qǐng)分析其源程序,寫(xiě)出其中的數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行流程(包括:數(shù)據(jù)類型、具體值和時(shí)序關(guān)系);2)在1)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其目標(biāo)代碼再進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)流分析，寫(xiě)出其中的數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行流程(包括:數(shù)據(jù)類型、具體值和時(shí)序關(guān)系);觀察并寫(xiě)出與1）中間結(jié)果的差別表。3）在1）和2）基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)其數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行的流程進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)取優(yōu)化,并在具有CACHE的計(jì)算機(jī)上進(jìn)行實(shí)際求解。要求給出具體數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)取的優(yōu)化方法和改進(jìn)的測(cè)試時(shí)間效果表。（可加5-10分）高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總用PVM或MPI并行軟件工具編寫(xiě)一個(gè)并行程序，要求至少有2或3個(gè)并行任務(wù)進(jìn)行協(xié)同求解某問(wèn)題。WhatareArchitecture？Whatare

KeyTechandTheory？Whatare

MeetingProblems？1、Earth-Simulator2、BlueGene3、BeowulfWithPoPCCluster4、GridComputing5、PervasiveComputing6、P2PComputing7、SpecialPoPCClusterSuchasWebCacheCluster高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總作業(yè)homework11H0(n)=nmH0(

-n

)/(

-

)+n(1-m)H0;Hc(n)=nmH0(

-n

)/(

-

)+n(1-m)H0pleasedeletethe

and

byusing,thendrawthefunctionfigurewhenm=0.5,=0.2(畫(huà)出其函數(shù)關(guān)系圖)高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總Homework2事件狀態(tài)A狀態(tài)B說(shuō)明初始無(wú)效無(wú)效（I）數(shù)據(jù)未裝入CPUA讀獨(dú)占無(wú)效（I）讀操作cache失效，裝入CPUB讀共享共享（S）讀操作cache失效，裝入后共享CPUA寫(xiě)修改無(wú)效（I）寫(xiě)操作命中CPUB讀共享共享（S）讀操作失效，裝入CPUB寫(xiě)無(wú)效修改（M）寫(xiě)操作命中MESIProtocolCanyoufillthestates?高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總關(guān)于可用性中的檢查點(diǎn)問(wèn)題

CHECKPOINT(a,b,c)可在內(nèi)核、庫(kù)、應(yīng)用程序三級(jí)發(fā)生；abdcxyzPQRProcess高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總一致性快照CheckpointConsistencySnapshot

（a--Consistency一致;b---NoConsistency不一致）如果進(jìn)程之間不存在一個(gè)進(jìn)程的檢查點(diǎn)已接收了消息，而另一進(jìn)程的檢查點(diǎn)還未發(fā)送這個(gè)消息。稱一致性快照。abxyzPQRC?Ifthereisnottheprocesswhichreceivesamessageatcheckpointandanotherprocesshasnotsentthemessageatcheckpoint,thenwesaythattherelatedcheckpointsaretheConsistencySnapshot高級(jí)體系結(jié)構(gòu)期末考試課后習(xí)題匯總homew