Unit4FriendsforeverDevelopingPresentingideas課件高中英語(yǔ)

Friendsforever《麥琪的禮物》《最后的常春藤葉》《警察和贊美詩(shī)》《二十年后》O.HenryWilliamSydneyPorter(1862-1910)

Aworld-famousAmericanshortstorywriter.Inhisstories,heoftenfocusedontheeverydaylifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCityatthattime.Hisstoriesarebestknownfortheirsurpriseendings.Pre-reading1862-1910OHenry(September11,1862-June5,1910),knownasWilliamSydneyPorter,isafamousAmericannovelist.Whenhewasateenager,hewantedtobeapainter.Aftermarriage,hestartedwritingwiththeencouragementofhiswife.Later,hewasimprisonedforaccountingproblemswhileworkinginabank.Duringhissentence,hewrotecarefully,andpublishedalargenumberofshortstoriesunderthepseudonym"OHenry",whichattractedwideattentionofreaders.Heisaprolificwriter,leavinganovelCabbageandtheKingandnearly600shortstoriesinhislife.Hisshortstoriesarewell-conceived（構(gòu)思嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)）anduniqueinstyle,andarefamousfortheirexpressionsofthelivesofthemiddleandlowerclassesinAmerica,humorouslanguageandunexpectedending.●

The

Green

Door

—《綠色門》●Hearts

and

Hands

—《心與手》●Two

Thanksgiving

Day

Gentlemen

—《兩位感恩節(jié)的紳士》●

While

the

Auto

Waits

—《汽車等待的時(shí)候》●

Witches'

Loaves

—《女巫的面包》●

A

Service

of

Love

—《愛(ài)的犧牲》MajorWorksNowreadtheshortstory-AfterTwentyYearsonpages58-60.Theshortstoryisusuallyconcernedwithasingleeffectconveyedinonlyoneorafewsignificantepisodesorscenes.Ithasaplot,settings,characters,andtheme.Pre-readingCharactersofAfterTwentyYearsJimmyapolicemanBob’sbestfriendBobwantedbythepoliceCanyouguesswhatwillhappen?While-readingBasicelementsofanovelwhoApolicemanamanwithascaronhisfacewhereInNewYorkwhenonacoldrainynightafter20yearswhathappenedBobcameathousandmilestostandwheretheypromisedtomeet,waitingforJimmy.theend

(whoishe?)

(whoishe?)SettingPlot(Usingdialogue)Characters03While-readingBob：HehadmadeafortuneintheWest.Theobviousknifemarksleftonhisfacerevealedthathehadoncehadabloodykillingexperience.Jimmy:Jimmywasaloyalandunselfishimageoftheuprightpoliceofficer.Pre-readingTheauthorwrotethatBobcamethousandsofmiles,fulfilledtheagreementmade20yearsago,stoodinthecoldrainnight,sincerelyandfirmlywaitingforthearrivalofoldfriends.InBob,thereisnodeceit,nodark,dirtymind.Readtheexcerptsandfinishthetable.SettingCharacter

Theme

inNewYorkonacold,darknightthepoliceman;themanwithascaronhisfacetheappointmentthemanmadewithhisfriendJimmyWhile-readingWhydidBobstartfortheWest?HestartedfortheWesttomakeafortune.Whatappointmentdidtheymakeatthattime?TheywouldmeetatBigJoe’sBrady’sexactlytwentyyearsfromthatdateandtime.While-readingDidtheycorrespondafterBobleft?Theycorrespondedforatime,butafteroneyearortwotheylosttrackofeachother.BecausehethoughthisfriendJimmywasalwaysthetruest,staunchestoldchapintheworld.5.WhathasJimmyexperiencedoverthepasttwentyyears?6.Whatmighthappenbetweenthepolicemanandtheman?Readthenoteandfindoutwhatactuallyhappened.Jimmywasthepoliceman.Heturnedupastheyagreedtwentyyearsago,buthedecidedtofulfilhisdutyandhaveBobarrested.theendJimmyarrestedthemaninperson.Whatmighthappenbetweenthepolicemanandtheman?ReadBob'sstoryafterhewasreleasedfromjailandanswerthequestions.01Lead-inWhile-readingReadBob’sstoryafterhewasreleasedfromjailandanswerthequestions.1.HowdidBobfeelwhenhefinallygotoutofjail?Bobfeltlostandhelpless.2.Whatkindofendingisthis?Morethanonedescriptionmaybesuitable

Ahappyending

Asadending

Asurpriseending

AnopenendingLoyaltytofriendshipVSDevotiontodutyBobJimmyTwentyyearsBestfriendsCriminalPolicemanhard-working;vain;proudofJimmy;loyaltofriendshipexperienced;calm;reliable;considerate;devotedtojob;loyaltofriendshipWhatkindofqualitiesdotheyhave?RetellthestoryBasicelementsofanovelwhoBob,whowaswantedbythepoliceJimmy,apoliceofficer,Bob’soldfriend

whereInNewYorkwhenonacoldrainynightafter20yearssinceBobwenttotheWest

whathappenedBobcameathousandmilestostandwheretheypromisedtomeet,waitingforJimmy.theendJimmyappearedattheappointedplace,buthearrestedhisfriendBob,however,theirfriendshiplast.Thinkaboutwhathappenedineachofthethreescenes,usinginformationyouhavelearntinthestory.scene120yearsagodiningwastostartmakehisfortunetostaynomatterwhatwhatscene218-19yearsagoBobandJimmy_____________witheachotherforatime,butintheend,they__________eachother.Bobkept_________aroundoveritprettylively.correspondedlosttrackofhustlingscene320yearslaterBob_____________JimmyatBigJoe’Brady’sandapoliceman_________himand________withhim.Bobbegantotellhisstory.Afterhearingthestory,thepolicemanleft.Minuteslater,aplainclothesman________andgaveBoba_____,toBob’ssurprise,thepoliceman__________tobeJimmy.Bobwasarrested.waswaitingforwentuptochattedturnedupnoteturnedoutThankyouTwosurpriseendingsofthenovelSurprise1(O.Henry的結(jié)尾)AftertwentyyearsBobcameathousandmilestofulfiltheappointmentmadewithJimmywhileJimmyhadBobarrested.Post-readingO.Henry’sstoriesarefamousfortheirsurpriseendings.Howtocreareasurpriseendingtoastroy?Post-readingHowtoproduceasurpriseendingStrategy1:ASuddenChangeofthecharactr’sFortune BobandJimmywereclosefriendslikebrothersandtheymadeanappointment20yearsago.After20yearsBobcameathousandmilestofulfiltheappointment.Whilehewaswaitingatheplace,hetoldhislongstorytoapoliceman. Attheendofthestory,BobreceivedanotewhichtoldhimthepolicemanhejusttoldhisstorywasexactlyJimmy.JimmyhadBobarrested. InAfterTwentyYearsboththecharacterschangedtheirdestiny:Bobbecameacriminalwantedbythepolice.JimmybecameapoliceofficertryingtoarrestBob.Anunexpectedendingturnedup.HowtoproduceasurpriseendingStrategy3:TorevealanIncredibleTruthTorevealanincredibletruthalsoleadstoasurpriseending.Inthewholestory,thefunctionofJimmy’snotesisveryimportant.Thetwonotesgiveusinformationwhichisnotmentionedinpreviousplots.Wejustgettokonwthetruthatthelastmomentofthestory,whichisaveryinterestingandexcitingexperienceforus.Usingthisstrategycanarousereader’sattraction.Post-readingNowlet’swriteyourownending.Themorefriendsyouhave,thehappieryouwillbe.Afewtruefriendsareenough.Pointofview:Themorefriendsyouhave,thehappieryouwillbe.Arguments:Youcanhavemorewisdom.Youhavemorepeopletoturntowhenintrouble Youcanshareyourhappineswithmorefriends.Supportingexanples:Astoryhappenedinyourlife.Anotherfactismorepeoplecangethermorestrength,whichisalsothecaseoffriends.Whenyouhavemorefriends,youwillhavemorechancestoexchangideasandknowledgewitheachother.Therefore,yourwisdomwillincrease.Justasasayinggoes,thewiseryouare,thehappieryouwillbe.WhenIbeganmyseniorhigh,Ijusthadtwofiends.WhenIwantedtotalkaboutmyfeelingswiththem,theyweretoobusy.Astimegoeson,Ihavemorefriends.WheneverIneedhelporsomeonetolistentome,Icanalwaysfindafriendortwo.Inshort,weliveintheworldandweneedourfriendsthiswayorthatway.Themorefriendsyouhave,thehappieryouwillbe.LanguagepointsNewWordsandexpressions1.

ordinaryadj.普通的，平常的；平淡無(wú)奇的，平庸的；（尤指法官、主教）常任的ordinarypeople普通人，凡夫俗子 anordinaryday平常的一天ordinarytemperature常溫 outoftheordinary不平常的詞匯拓展extraordinaryadj.extra-表示“超出，在...之外”extra+ordinary=extraordinaryadj.異乎尋常的,非凡的,卓越的,特別的extraordinarilyadv.adv.極其,極端地,不尋常地練一練1.知道如何在書上做標(biāo)記是一個(gè)非常重要的學(xué)習(xí)技巧。2.我認(rèn)為自己就是一名普通的勞動(dòng)者。Knowinghowtomarkabookisanextraordinarilyimportantstudyskill.Iregardmyselfasanordinaryworkingpeople.NewWordsandexpressions2.

dinev.進(jìn)餐，吃飯；宴請(qǐng)dineout外食 dinein在家吃 dineandwinesb以酒飯招待某人

我們周末總是在外吃飯。Wealwaysdineoutatweekends.詞匯拓展dinnern.正餐，晚餐 diningroom/hall餐廳 canteen食堂diningtable餐桌練一練1.我常酒飯款待他們。2.我走進(jìn)了那家餐廳，想在離開(kāi)前吃點(diǎn)東西。Ialwaysdineandwinethem.IenteredtherestauranttodinebeforeIleft/beforemydeparture..NewWordsandexpressions3.fortunen．大筆的錢，巨款；機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣seekone'sfortune找出路；碰運(yùn)氣 makeafortune 發(fā)了一筆財(cái)tryone'sfortune 碰運(yùn)氣 makeone’sfortune發(fā)財(cái)詞匯拓展fortunateadj. 幸運(yùn)的；僥幸的(＝lucky) unfortunateadj.不幸的befortunatetodosth. 幸運(yùn)做某事詞匯拓展fortunatelyadv. 幸運(yùn)地(＝luckily)unfortunatelyadv. 不幸地NewWordsandexpressions練一練1.在中國(guó)民間故事中，蝙蝠是好運(yùn)的象征。2.我們必須勤勞致富。3.我遲到了，不過(guò)幸好會(huì)議還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始。4.他們不幸在途中遭遇了暴風(fēng)雪。InChinesefolktalesthebatisasymbolofgoodfortune.Wemustmakeafortunebymeansofindustry.Iwaslate,butfortunatelythemeetinghadn'tstarted.Unfortunatelytheyranintoasnowstormalong/ontheway.NewWordsandexpressions4.dragvt.拖；拉；扯 dragging,dragged,draggeddragsb.down 使某人沮喪，把某人拖垮

drag...outof... 把……從……中拖出來(lái)

dragsb.into(doing)sth. 把某人拖入到(做)某事中練一練1.他站起來(lái)，把椅子拖向桌子。2.它應(yīng)該給予我們能量，而不是拖垮我們。3.治安聯(lián)防員將這些人從車?yán)镒Я顺鰜?lái)。Hestoodupanddraggedhischairtowardthetable.Thevigilantesdraggedthemenoutofthevehicles.Itshouldgiveusenenrgynotdragusdown.NewWordsandexpressions5.couldn’thavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣比較肯定；該結(jié)構(gòu)常常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，一般不用于肯定句中。

should＋have＋done，表示過(guò)去“本應(yīng)該……(實(shí)際沒(méi)做)”，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)話人在表達(dá)責(zé)備、抱怨或遺憾的意思。

shouldn’t＋have＋done，表示過(guò)去“本不應(yīng)該……(實(shí)際做了)”

must＋have＋done，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣比較肯定，“當(dāng)時(shí)一定做了”

needn't＋have＋done，表示過(guò)去“沒(méi)有必要做”，但實(shí)際做了，有責(zé)備的意思。NewWordsandexpressions練一練1.你不可能把它落在公共汽車上了，對(duì)吧？2.我們睡著時(shí)一定讓賊入室偷了。3.我們本應(yīng)在投票之前好好討論一下才是。4.我對(duì)考試感到很緊張，但實(shí)際上我本不必?fù)?dān)心，這次考試的確很容易。Youcouldn'thaveleftitonthebus,couldyou?Wemusthavebeenburgledwhilewewereasleep.Weshouldhavehadaproperdiscussionbeforevoting.Igotverynervousabouttheexam,butactuallyIneedn'thaveworried.Itwasreallyeasy.NewWordsandexpressions6.correspondv類似于，相當(dāng)于；通信；相一致，符合correspondto與...相似，相當(dāng)于 correspondwith與...一致，與...相符合correspondwithsb與某人通信詞匯拓展correspondingadj. 相應(yīng)的，相關(guān)的correspondentn.記者，通信員，寫信人練一練1.你對(duì)事故的陳述與她說(shuō)的不相符。2.美國(guó)的國(guó)會(huì)相當(dāng)于英國(guó)的議會(huì)。(Congress國(guó)會(huì)，Parliament議會(huì))3.我定期與她通信。Yourstatementoftheaccidentdoesn’tcorrespondwithhers.TheAmericanCongresscorrespondstotheBritishParliament.Icorrespondwithherregularly.NewWordsandexpressions7.distancev.疏遠(yuǎn)，撇清和……的關(guān)系 n.距離，間距；遠(yuǎn)方inthedistance 在遠(yuǎn)處 distanceeducstion遠(yuǎn)程教育

fromadistance 從遠(yuǎn)處 withinwalkingdiatance步行就能到

atadistance(of) 在…遠(yuǎn)的地方；距離稍遠(yuǎn)

keepone'sdistance(from) (與……)保持距離

keepsb.atadistance 對(duì)某人冷淡；與某人疏遠(yuǎn)；與某人保持一定距離詞匯拓展distant

adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的，久遠(yuǎn)的；冷淡的；心不在焉的；遠(yuǎn)親的distantlyadv.遠(yuǎn)離地，遙遠(yuǎn)地；疏遠(yuǎn)地，冷淡地；模糊地

遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地，他能聽(tīng)到海浪聲。Distantly,hecouldhearthesoundofthesea.NewWordsandexpressions練一練1.在遠(yuǎn)處，天空正在開(kāi)始變亮。2.中央公園步行走得到嗎？3.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上距離已不再是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。4.天文學(xué)家們最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的星系。Inthedistance,theskywasbeginningtobrighten.IstheCentralParkwithinwalkindiatance?DistanceisnotaproblemanylongerontheInternet.Astronomershavediscoveredadistantgalaxyrecently.NewWordsandexpressions8.turnup(意外地或終于)出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)；調(diào)高(聲音)turnover 翻轉(zhuǎn) turnon

打開(kāi)

turnout

結(jié)果是

turnoff

關(guān)閉

turnin

上交；呈遞

turnto...

轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于

turndown

調(diào)低；拒絕 turninto... 變成...inturn 輪流，依次，反過(guò)來(lái)turningpoint 轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)練一練1.Turntheheat__________orit'llburn.2.Forsomeunknownreason,hefailedtoturn__________.3.Noonecouldhavepredictedthatthingswouldturn____________thisway.4.Thebeetlelaythereworkingitshelplesslegs,unabletoturn____________.5.Whydidsheturn____________yourinvitation?6.IntimesofcrisisIknowwhichfriendsIcanturn__________.down/offupoutoverdowntoNewWordsandexpressions9.unfoldv.打開(kāi)，展開(kāi)；呈現(xiàn)，逐漸明朗；發(fā)生，發(fā)展

un-加于動(dòng)詞前，表“做出相反的動(dòng)作”fold折疊—unfold打開(kāi) lock鎖上—unlock開(kāi)鎖botton系扣子—unbotton解開(kāi)扣子 cover覆蓋—uncover揭開(kāi)pack打包—unpack打開(kāi)包裹 do做—undo解開(kāi)，松開(kāi)，恢復(fù)原狀

練一練1.Wehaveanopportunitynowtoreally___________(解鎖)thesecretsoftheuniverse.2.Thegovernmentsaiditwasdeterminedto___________(揭露)thetruth.3.Hewastrappedinan___________(不幸的)marriage.4.___________(展開(kāi))theflagfirst,andthenhoist(升起)itquicklytothetopoftheflagpole.5.Thepressuretheyputusunderwas________________(難以置信的).6.Hiswhereaboutshavebeenutterly___________(未知的)sofar.7.Icouldn'tsleepbecausethebedwasso________________(不舒服的).8.Hisclumsyfingerscouldn't___________(解開(kāi))theknot.unlockuncoverunhappyUnfoldunbelievableunknownuntieNewWordsandexpressions10.shamen.羞恥,羞愧；羞恥心,羞恥感；令人惋惜的事,讓人遺憾的事；恥辱,丟臉；

v.使感到羞恥（或羞愧）；使蒙羞，使丟臉；使黯然失色，使相形見(jiàn)絀inshame羞愧地 whatashame真丟人senseofshame羞恥感

詞匯拓展

shamefuladj.丟臉的，可恥的 shamelessadj.無(wú)恥的，不要臉的

ashamedadj.感到羞愧；羞于（做某事） beashamedof

對(duì)...感到慚愧練一練1.對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，撒謊是可恥的。2.他是個(gè)不要臉的騙子。

3.你應(yīng)為自己所做的事感到羞愧。It'sshamefulforhimtotellalie.Heisashmelessliar.Youshouldbeashamedofwhatyouhavedone.NewWordsandexpressions

詞匯拓展

區(qū)分scene,scenery,view,sightscene戲劇中的“場(chǎng)”，當(dāng)前的場(chǎng)景scenery指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色view從高處或某一特定的角度看到的景色sight視力，名勝、風(fēng)景，表示后者的含義時(shí)，必須要用復(fù)數(shù)

除上述意義上的區(qū)分，還要注意固定搭配。

atthesightof看到... onthescene當(dāng)場(chǎng)，在場(chǎng)

in/outofsight看得/不見(jiàn) inviewof鑒于，考慮到NewWordsandexpressions單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Itwas_____________(fortune)thatnopassengergotinjured.2.Thetaskrequires_____________(ordinary)patienceandendurance.3._____________(fortune),thereisnothingwecandotoimprovematters.4.Thechild_____________(drag)away,kickingandscreaming.5.OneABC_____________(correspond)hadtotallymissedthepointofthequestion.6.TheAmericanCongresscorresponds_____________theBritishParliament.7.Themountainsrolledawaytoa_____________(distance)horizon.8.Itwasdifficulttogettoknowherbecauseshealwayskepteveryone_____________adistance.9.Whenheated,icecanturn_____________water.10.It's_____________(believe)thattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!11.Ifeelquite_____________(shame)thatIhavenotfulfilledthetask.12.Shewasashamed_____________herchildren'sbadbehaviour.fortunateextraordinarywasdraggedUnfortunatelycorrespondenttodistantatintounbelievableashamedofThankyou1.tounderstandcharactersinanovel2.tolearntowritetheendingofastory3.toarousestudents’interestinreadingnovelsinEnglishLearningObjectivesStep1.DevelopingideasStep2.PresentingideasStep3.LearningwordsandexpressionsUsingLanguage詞匯語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)根據(jù)漢義及句子結(jié)構(gòu)填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.Itwasanunpopulardecision_____________(延遲)buildingthenewhospital.2.Thentheychoseone__________(克)forweighingwaterinacubiccentimetre.3.Theclubwillsendafreeinformation__________.(小包).4.Itriedtoofferafewwordsof____________(安慰)．5.Imustwarnyouthatmy____________(耐心)isalmostatanend.6.Wehavenotonly___