2023新教材高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解題型分類練十一詞句猜測題-代詞指代類

閱讀理解題型分類練(十一)詞句猜測題——代詞指代類A[2022·武漢市高三調(diào)研考試]NohighschoolexchangestudentchoosesthesmalltownintheMidwestoverCaliforniaorNewYorkCity,butOlehasenjoyedandlearnedtothepointthatIdon'tthinkheregretsitanyway.IthasbeenagoodadventureforusandIthinkforhimtoo.Ole'sstaywasinspiring,entertaining,andfun.Weenjoyedhistimehereandhavelearnedalmostasmuchashehas,I'msure.Heisaverywell-roundedkidwithmanyexperiences,hasaverygoodunderstandingofAmerica,andspeaksEnglishverywell.Heandwe,nowtakemanyofthethingsheinitiallywasamazedbyforgranted.Ithasbeenfunwatchinghimexperiencealotofthese.Hegottoexperienceplayingsoccerforhisschool.Wewenttomanygamesandhewasfortunateenoughtohaveacoachandateamthatwerekindenoughtoanewkidandgavehimmuchplayingtime.Sincehehashadnoschoolsportsbefore,thewholeconceptofhavingyourclassmatescheeryouonatregionalcompetitionsandhavingfanswatchthegames,letalonehavingthecompetitiononTV,wasahugethingforhim.Theteamalsogavehimabunchofimmediatefriendsandacquaintances.Helikedbeingabletogotothehighschoolbasketballandfootballgamestoo.Healsogottogoseveraloftheschooldances,athinghedoesn'tdoinhishometown.Wedofeelfortunatetohavehadakidwhomadeanefforttogetoutandmeetpeople,askforrides,butwascarefulaboutwhohehungoutwith.OurthreekidsdidnotmeetanyhighschoolexchangestudentsthatwereaswellknownintheschooloraswelllikedandacceptedasOlehadbeen.Wedoexpectthatthishostingexperienceisthestartofalifelongrelationship.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“We”inParagraph2referto?A．Highschoolstudents.B．Exchangestudents.C．Thehostfamily.D．Teamcoaches.2．WhatwasabrandnewexperienceforOle?A．Attendingschooldances.B．Competingingames.C．Hangingoutwithfriends.D．Watchinglivestreaming.3．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofOle'sstay?A．Itisadventurous.B．Itisawin-winexperience.C．Iterasesmisunderstandings.D．Itcontainsbothfunandregret.4．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Toexpressappreciation.B．Tocomparedifferentcultures.C．Toadvertiseagoodservice.D．Toshareauniqueexperience.B[2022·濟(jì)南市高考模擬考試]Ifwejumpintheairashighaspossible,wecanstayoffthegroundforabouthalfasecond.MichaelJordancouldstayairborneforalmostonesecondwhileskijumpersareabletodothatforfivetosevensecondsastheytravelaboutthelengthofafootballfieldthroughtheair.Sohowdotheydothis?Threemajorconceptsfromphysicsareatplayintheskijump:gravity,liftanddrag.Gravitypullsanyobjectinflightdowntowardthegroundandthereisnothingathletescandotolessenitseffect.Butathletesalsointeractwiththeairastheymove.Itisthisinteractionthatcanproducelift,anupwardforceproducedbyairpushingonanobject.Iftheforceproducedfromliftroughlybalancestheforceofgravity,theobjectcanfly.Thesameinteractionalsoproducesdrag.Itresiststheforwardmotionofanyobjectandslowsitdown.Intheskijump,jumpersstarthighuponaslopeandthenskidownhilltogeneratespeed.Justbeforetheyreachtheendoftheslope,theyjump.Oncejumpersareintheair,thefunphysicsbegins.Theyusecarefulbodypositioningtomaximizeliftwhileminimizingdrag.Todothis,theyadjusttheirskisandbodiestokeepnearlyparallel(平行的)tothegroundandplacetheirskisinaV-shapejustoutsidetheformofthebody.Thispositionincreasesthesurfaceareathatgeneratesliftandputsthemintheidealangleofattackthatwillalsomaximizelift.Asdragreducesthespeedofthejumpers,liftdecreasesandgravity,continuestopullthem.Theywillbegintofallfasterandfasteruntiltheyland.AsyoutuneintotheOlympicsandwonderatthephysicalpoweroftheathletes,takeamomenttoconsidertheirmasteryoftheconceptsofphysics.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph1referto?A．Stayinglongerintheair.B．Travelingforwardslower.C．Fallingdownthehillfaster.D．Jumpinghigherthanaveragepeople.6．HowcanskijumpersflyintheairaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Theymakeuseoftheinteractionwithair.B．Theygetmoregravitythanlift.C．Theykeepagoodbalancewhileskiing.D．Theygetridoftheeffectofgravity.7．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlydiscussabouttheskijump?A．Itstrainingequipment.B．Itssafetyguidelines.C．Itsmajorconcepts.D．Itsbasicroutine.8．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．SkiJumpersFlyingintheSkyB．FallingorFlyingIsYourChoiceC．Physics：asDifficultasImaginedD．SkiJumps'BoomingintheOlympicsC[2022·廣州市高三調(diào)研測試]Videoconferencinghasbeenaroundformorethan20years.UntiltheCOVID-19pandemic,though,youwouldfindthatmanypeopleneedingtoattendameetingremotelywouldbecallingfromarealconferenceroomfulloftheirteammates.Today,we'reroutinelyholdingvideoconferencesthatare100%virtual(虛擬的).Andthisiscreatingaproblemthattechnologycan'tfix.Theproblemisus,specificallythefactthatwehaven'tevolvedsociallytothepointwherewecanbearmuchseparation.Somuchofourwell-beingandworkproductivityisdecidedbyhowclosewearephysically.Theremovalofthatforanyperiodoftimecanbeseverelydamaging.Onesurprisingvictimofsocialdistancingislaughter.Normallypeoplelaughabout18timesperday.And97%ofthesetimeswe'relaughingwithothers—weare30timesmorelikelytolaughwithothersthantolaughalone.Thinkaboutit:Howoftenwhenyouandyourfriendslaughatsomething,andisthatsomethingactuallyfunny?Researchshowsthat80%ofwhatpeoplelaughatisreallynotthatfunny.Sowhydopeoplelaugh?Theylaughinordertolaughwithothers.Justaseveryonestartsyawning(打哈欠)whenjustonepersonyawns,mostpeoplecan'thelpbutlaughwhenthosearoundthemdo.ThisiswhyTVcomedyshowsoftenuseprerecordedlaughs.Laughinginresponsetootherpeople'slaughingisnotjustabehavioralphenomenon.Whenwelaugh,ourbodyproducestwokeychemicals:endorphinwhichhelpsrelievepainandsetsofffeelingsofpleasure,anddopaminewhichcanimprovelearning,themotivationandattention.Infact,studiesshowthatpeoplecanstand15%morepainsimplybylaughingforafewminutesbeforehand.Laughterisalsoassociatedwithhighermotivationandproductivityatwork.Intoday'shome-alone,virtualteamworld,thisisexactlywhatyouasateamleadershouldbedoing:Foryourteammemberstostayhealthyandproductive,youneedtogetthemtolaughmoreandstressless.9．Whatistheproblemmentionedatthestartofthetext?A．Physicalweakness.B．Lackoftechnology.C．Socialdistance.D．Relianceonvirtualconferences.10．Theunderlinedword“This”inParagraph4referstothefactthat________．A．laughtracksarepopularB．laughingisuncontrollableC．laughingstartswithyawningD．laughingcomesmoreeasilyingroups11．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Whatthebenefitsoflaughingare.B．Howlaughingkeepsusphysicallyhealthy.C．Whetherlaughingisabehavioralphenomenon.D．Whatchemicalsourbodyproduceswhenwelaugh.12．Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?A.Concretestepstoproducelaughterinateam.B．Otherfactorsthatmayinfluenceateam'shealth.C．Waystotelltherealworldfromthevirtualworld.D．Theimportanceofmaintainingworkproductivity.閱讀理解題型分類練(十一)A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——學(xué)校生活——高中交換生的寄宿生活【語篇解讀】作者一家是高中交換生奧利的寄宿家庭，文中描述了奧利在學(xué)校的生活以及作者一家對奧利和這次寄宿經(jīng)歷的看法。1．答案與解析：C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wedoexpectthatthishostingexperienceisthestartofalifelongrelationship.”可知，作者一家是奧利的寄宿家庭；再根據(jù)畫線詞后文“enjoyedhistimehereandhavelearnedalmostasmuchashehas”可知，享受奧利在這里的時光的是寄宿家庭。故We指的是“寄宿家庭”。故選C項。2．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中最后一句“Healsogottogoseveraloftheschooldances,athinghedoesn'tdoinhishometown.”并結(jié)合選項可知，對奧利來說，參加學(xué)校舞會是全新的體驗。故選A項。3．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IthasbeenagoodadventureforusandIthinkforhimtoo.”第二段中“Weenjoyedhistimehereandhavelearnedalmostasmuchashehas”，以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Wedofeelfortunatetohavehadakid...”可知，作者認(rèn)為奧利在寄宿生活中學(xué)到了很多，且自己一家人也很享受奧利寄宿于此的時光。故可推知作者認(rèn)為奧利的寄宿是一次雙贏的經(jīng)歷。故選B項。4．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了奧利在作者家的寄宿生活、在學(xué)校的生活以及作者一家對奧利和這次的寄宿經(jīng)歷的看法。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享一次獨(dú)特的經(jīng)歷。故選D項。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——體育運(yùn)動——關(guān)于跳臺滑雪的物理學(xué)知識【語篇解讀】本文主要講了跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員可以飛在空中的物理學(xué)原理和他們的運(yùn)動流程等。5．答案與解析：A理解詞匯。根據(jù)語境可知，this所在句中的they指的是skijumpers，畫線詞“this”指代的是skijumpers所做的事情。前一句講到了“skijumpersareabletodothatforfivetosevenseconds”，其中that指的是“stayairborne”，故畫線詞this指代的是“stayairborneforfivetosevenseconds”，故A項“在空中待更長時間”正確。6．答案與解析：A推斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butathletesalsointeractwiththeair...theobjectcanfly”可知，運(yùn)動員與空氣相互作用會產(chǎn)生升力，如果升力與