2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修三Unit2Making a difference學(xué)案

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修三Unit2Makingadifference學(xué)案eq\a\vs4\al(分類背單詞)Ⅰ.“妙記”簡(jiǎn)單詞匯1．fundv． 為……提供資金，資助2．earnv. 掙(錢)3．extendv. 持續(xù)；延伸4．diseasen. 疾病，病5．cancern. 癌癥6．royaladj. 王室的，皇家的7．a(chǎn)idv. 幫助，援助8．chiefadj. 最高級(jí)別的，首席的9．obtainv. 獲得，得到10．drugn. 藥物，藥材11．furtheradj. 更多的，附加的Ⅱ.“勤回首”易忘詞匯1．shortagen. 短缺，不足，缺乏2．internaladj. 內(nèi)部的3．recyclev. 再利用，回收利用4．fountainn. 噴水池5．insightn. 頓悟，猛醒6．missionn. 職責(zé)；使命7．disabilityn. 殘疾，殘障8．territoryn. 地區(qū)，地方9．sensitiveadj. 敏感的，容易生氣的10．generousadj. 慷慨的，大方的11．registrationn. 登記，注冊(cè)12．temporaryadj. 短期的，短暫的；臨時(shí)的13．militaryn. 軍隊(duì)14．certificaten. 證明書，證書15．ministryn. (政府的)部Ⅲ.“辨清用準(zhǔn)”形變?cè)~匯1．contributev．捐獻(xiàn)，捐助→contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)2．reliefn．減輕，緩解→relievev．減輕，緩解→relievedadj.感到寬慰的，放心的3．effectn．影響，結(jié)果，效應(yīng)→effectiveadj.有效的，產(chǎn)生預(yù)期效果的4．donatev．捐贈(zèng)，捐獻(xiàn)→donationn．捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送5．foundv．建立，創(chuàng)辦→foundern．創(chuàng)辦者，發(fā)起人→foundationn．基金會(huì)6．perseverev．堅(jiān)持，孜孜以求→perseverancen．不屈不撓，堅(jiān)持不懈7．realadj.真實(shí)的，實(shí)際的→realityn．真實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)→realise/realizev．實(shí)現(xiàn)；意識(shí)到；領(lǐng)會(huì)8．hesitatev．遲疑，猶豫→hesitationn．猶豫9．institutev．制定；建立n．機(jī)構(gòu)→institutionn．機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體10．a(chǎn)ssistv．幫助，援助→assistancen．幫助，援助→assistantn．助手，助理11．confirmv．證實(shí)，證明→confirmationn．證實(shí)，證明12．a(chǎn)chievev．達(dá)到，完成→achievementn．成績(jī)，成就13．majoradj.重要的，主要的v．主修→majorityn．大多數(shù)14．treatv．治療；對(duì)待→treatmentn．治療；療法Ⅳ.“歸類串記”族群詞匯1．“獲得；得到”家族來(lái)相聚①obtainvt. 獲得；得到②acquirevt. 獲得；取得③achievevt. 取得；獲得④gainvt.&vi. 獲得；贏得⑤winvt. 獲得；贏得⑥getvt. 得到；收到2．“dis－”前綴表示“不；相反”善積累①disabilityn． 殘疾，殘障；無(wú)能②discouragev. 阻止；使灰心③discomfortn．&v. (使)不舒服④disappearv. 消失⑤disadvantagen. 不利條件⑥dishonestadj. 不誠(chéng)實(shí)的eq\a\vs4\al(聯(lián)想積詞塊)Ⅰ.再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)單元內(nèi)詞塊1．set_up 建立，設(shè)立2．come_up_with 想出(計(jì)劃、答案)，提出3．pass_away 去世4．turn_out 結(jié)果是5．break_into_a_smile 突然笑起來(lái)6．under_control 處于控制之下7．be_grateful_to 對(duì)……感激8．rise_to_one's_feet 站起身來(lái)9．benefit_from 從……中受益，得益于10．make_a_difference 有影響，起(重要)作用Ⅱ.類比串記單元外詞塊1．“動(dòng)詞＋upwith”短語(yǔ)集錦comeupwith 提出catchupwith 跟上endupwith 以……結(jié)束putupwith 忍受；容忍keepupwith跟上2．“make＋a(n)＋n.”類短語(yǔ)薈萃makeadifference 有影響，起作用makeastudy 進(jìn)行研究makearecord 記錄，錄制唱片makeapromise 許諾makeanagreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議eq\a\vs4\al(熟背好句好段)Ⅰ.背好句——一句點(diǎn)亮篇1．what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句教材原句Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.他們需要的是一口離家不遠(yuǎn)的井。推薦佳句①(2022·浙江1月高考寫作)Whatfascinatedmemostwasthediversecultureswebothpresented.最讓我著迷的是我們都展現(xiàn)了不同的文化。②(新教材人教版選擇性必修1佳句)However,whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.然而，他最關(guān)心的是農(nóng)民經(jīng)常糧食歉收，有時(shí)甚至出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的食物短缺。2.“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)教材原句Ithinkthesupportwhichisneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.我認(rèn)為需要的支持包括循環(huán)用水的新技術(shù)和如何使用水和節(jié)約用水的教育。推薦佳句①(2022·全國(guó)乙卷書面表達(dá))Learnerscanlearnhowtocommunicatewithothersinaspecificsituation.學(xué)習(xí)者可以學(xué)習(xí)如何在特定的情況下與他人溝通。②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.他們?cè)趶N房里看過他們的母親(做早餐)。這并不難。珍娜和杰夫完全知道該怎么做。③(新教材北師大版選擇性必修3佳句)Thesuccessfulcloningofprimateshasledtoworldwidepraiseasahugebreakthroughthatmightleadtocuresforvariousdiseasesandmayalsooffercluesonhowtopreventtheagingprocess.靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的成功克隆獲得了全世界的贊譽(yù)，被認(rèn)為是一項(xiàng)巨大的突破，從而為治愈多種疾病、延緩衰老提供線索。Ⅱ.背好段——細(xì)節(jié)見功夫形體描寫之“臂”Enteringtheroom,IsawGrandmasittingonthebedwithablanketaroundher.Iranforwardandgaveherthebiggesthugwithtearfuleyes.Grandma,holdingmetightlyinherarms,said,“Iknowthere'sachanceIwon'tmakeit,butIloveyouforever.”GrandpapattedGrandmaonthebackandcomfortedher,“Don'tworry,honey.Weareallwaitingforyouhere.”Grandmanoddedwithherusualsmile.我走進(jìn)房間，看見奶奶坐在床上，身上蓋著一條毯子。我跑上前，熱淚盈眶地給了她一個(gè)大大的擁抱。奶奶把我緊緊地?fù)г趹牙?，說：“我知道我有可能活不下去，但我永遠(yuǎn)愛你。”爺爺拍著奶奶的背安慰她說：“別擔(dān)心，親愛的。我們都在這里等你。”奶奶像往常一樣微笑著點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭。[點(diǎn)評(píng)]本段中使用了“gaveherthebiggesthug,holdingmetightlyinherarms”等和“臂”有關(guān)的動(dòng)作描寫，刻畫了一幅讓人傷感又充滿溫馨的生動(dòng)畫面。與arms有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有throwone'sarmsaroundsb.“伸出雙臂抱住某人”，wavearms“揮舞雙臂”，withopenarms“張開雙臂(歡迎)”等。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ifyouhaveinsight_(洞察力),youareabletounderstandthecomplexityofanysituation.2．Webelievethatthegirlhasthecourageandperseverancetomakeherdreamareality(現(xiàn)實(shí)).3．Someoftheinternal(內(nèi)部的)wallsofmyhousearemadeofplasterboard.4．CouldIaskyouiftherehavebeenanyfurther(進(jìn)一步的)problemsinrecyclingrubbish?5．ZachariahFikefindsoldmilitary(軍隊(duì)的)medalsforsaleinantiquestoresandontheInternet.6．Theirhouseisbeingrebuiltnow,sotheyhadtomoveintotemporary(臨時(shí)的)accommodation.7．Scientistshaveobtained(獲得)moreevidencethatplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.8．Theneedletreatmentdatingbacktotheancienttimeshascuredmanydiseases(疾病).9．Trytoextend(給予)toeachpersonallyourkindnessandunderstandingandtheworldwillbeabetterplacetolivein.10．Thechief(首席的)editorexpressedhisdoubtwhetherseniorpeoplewouldenjoyreadingsuchmagazines.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)Infact,childrenconsiderthismethodeffective(effect)whenothersuseit.2．(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Whencontributions(contribute)weremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.3．AmanimmediatelyrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidandIjoinedinwithouthesitation(hesitate)．4．(2021·天津3月高考)Bytheendof2020,Pruitthadrepairedmorethan140fordonation(donate)ortobereturnedtotheirowners.5．Therearestoriesabouthisgenerosity(generous)—hehasdonatedmassiveamountsofmoneytocharities.6．Themajority(major)ofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.7．Sheofferedmepracticalassistance(assist)withmyresearch.8．Andsmilinghasbeenshowntolowerbloodpressure,relieve(relief)stressandboosthappiness.Ⅲ.選詞填空setup,comeupwith,breakintoasmile,risetoone'sfeet,benefitfrom,turnout,undercontrol,makeadifference1．Thebook,designedforyoungadults,turned_outtobepopularwiththeelderly.2．Yesterday,hecame_up_withanamusingstorytoteaseme.Thatcausedmetoburstintotears.3．Myteachertoldmethatbyjustfocusingmyattentiononsmallthings,Icanmake_a_difference.4．Thereisnodoubtthatwecanbenefit_fromthetrainingwearebeinggiven.5．Thefootballteam,consistingof22playersandthreecoaches,wasset_upabout3yearsago.6．Whenhislipsbreak_into_a_smile,_itisenoughtomeltanypeople'sheart.7．Rise_to_your_feetwhenthevisitorcomesin.8．Toohighhousepricescanbebroughtunder_control,_providedthatthegovernmentadoptsaseriesofregulatorypolicies.Ⅳ.多維表達(dá)(按要求完成句子)1．(完成句子)Allarerequiredtocomeontime.Yourparticipationwillsurelymake_a_difference.要求所有人按時(shí)到達(dá)。你的參與一定會(huì)起作用。2．(完成句子)Doingsmallthingswellcontributes_to_building_up_our_confidenceandhelpingusmeetbiggerchallengesinthefuture.把小事做好有助于增強(qiáng)我們的自信心并幫助我們迎接未來(lái)更大的挑戰(zhàn)。3．(完成句子)Asforme,what_I_do_every_dayistostudyhardtoenterafamousuniversity.對(duì)我來(lái)說，我每天要做的就是努力學(xué)習(xí)，進(jìn)入一所名牌大學(xué)。4．Theemptyhallmadeusnervousallatonce.Westoodtherehopelesslywonderingwhatweshoulddonext.→Theemptyhallmadeusnervousallatonce.Westoodtherehopelesslywonderingwhat_to_do_next.(用“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)句子)1．reliefn．減輕，緩解(1)muchtoone'srelief 令某人非常寬慰的是with/inrelief 松了口氣givesb.relief 減輕某人的痛苦(2)relievevt. 減輕(痛苦、焦慮)relievesb.of... 使某人解除/擺脫……[名師指津]relief常用作不可數(shù)名詞，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示具體的人或事時(shí)，前可加冠詞，類似用法的詞還有：pity,shame等。[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①I'mrelieved(relieve)toknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.②Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofrelief(relieve)whentheseasoncomestoaclose.③Hearingthathehadpassedthefinalexam,hesighedwithreliefandbrokeintoasmile.④Itwasa_great_relief_to_findthatmyfamilywasallsafe.發(fā)現(xiàn)我的家人都安然無(wú)恙，這是一個(gè)大的欣慰。⑤However,it_is_a_pity_thatourpresentPEclassisquitedullandsometimesevenreplacedbyothersubjects.然而，遺憾的是我們現(xiàn)在的體育課很無(wú)聊，有時(shí)甚至被其他學(xué)科所取代。2．hesitatev．遲疑，猶豫(1)hesitatetodosth. 猶豫做某事hesitateabout/over(doing)sth. 對(duì)(做)某事猶豫(2)hesitationn. 猶豫，遲疑withouthesitation 毫不猶豫地havenohesitationindoingsth. 毫不猶豫地做某事[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitated(hesitate)andthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.②Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonneverhesitatesto_buy(buy)themameal.③Withouthesitation(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.④Ifyouneedanyotherthings,please_do_not_hesitate_to_tell_us.如果你需要其他東西，請(qǐng)不要猶豫告訴我們。3．a(chǎn)idv．&n.幫助，援助(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Neighboursaidedhimwithmoneywhenhealmostlosteverythinginthefire.②WiththeaidofourEnglishteacher,wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.③Shebelievesthestorymighthavehadadifferentendingif_those_good_people_had_not_come_to_her_aid.她相信，如果那些好心人沒有來(lái)幫助她，這個(gè)故事可能會(huì)有一個(gè)不同的結(jié)局。④Heissuchaconsiderateboythatheoftenaids_his_mother_in_cleaning_the_table.他是一個(gè)如此體貼的男孩，以至于他經(jīng)常幫助他的媽媽擦桌子。[歸納法記牢](1)cometoone'said 幫助某人givesb.firstaid 對(duì)某人進(jìn)行急救withtheaidof 在……的幫助下(2)aidsb.withsth. 以某事/物幫助某人aidsb.in(doing)sth. 幫助某人做某事4．a(chǎn)chievementn．成績(jī)，成就；完成(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shehasgainedasenseofachievement(achieve)．②Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedto_achieve(achieve)thegoal?③Chinesepeopleareproudofthe_success_they_have_achieved_in_the_past_ten_years.中國(guó)人民對(duì)他們?cè)谶^去十年里取得的成功感到自豪。[歸納法記牢](1)makeanachievement/achievementsin 在……方面取得成就asenseofachievement 一種成就感(2)achievevt. 實(shí)現(xiàn)(目標(biāo)、理想等)；取得(勝利、成功等)achieveone'sgoal/dream/hope 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo)/夢(mèng)想/希望achievesuccess 取得成功5．breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入；突然開始(笑、唱等)breakin 打斷，插嘴；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入breakdown(機(jī)器、車輛等)出故障，壞掉；(計(jì)劃、談判等)失?。?身體、精神等)垮掉breakout (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)breakthrough 突破breakup 粉碎；結(jié)束；解散breakaway 脫離；逃脫[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair－conditioningsystembrokedown.②Thestudentsweredoingtheirexperimentswhenastrangerbrokeintothelab.③Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebrokeout,_andthenitspreadquickly.④Whentheyarrivedatworkthenextday,theyfoundtheir_office_had_been_broken_into.第二天上班的時(shí)候，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)辦公室被人闖入過。6．comeupwith想出(計(jì)劃、答案)，提出comeup 被提出，走近，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)comeabout 發(fā)生(不及物)comeacross (偶然)遇見；發(fā)現(xiàn)comeout 出來(lái)；(書等)出版，發(fā)行whenitcomesto(doing)sth. 當(dāng)談到(做)某事時(shí)[名師指津](1)comeupwith意為“提出”，主語(yǔ)(多是人)是提出者，with后面的賓語(yǔ)才是被提出的內(nèi)容。(2)comeup意為“被提出”，其主語(yǔ)(多是物)是被提出的內(nèi)容，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。[演繹法練通](1)選用以上短語(yǔ)填空①Specialistscancome_up_withnewwaystosolvetheproblemofairpollution.②Whenwereadnewspapers,weoftencome_acrosssuchEnglishwordsas“AIDS”and“PK”．③Severalnewbookswillhavecome_outbytheendofnextmonth.④Howdiditcome_aboutthatthemanwasdismissed?(2)選詞填空(comeupwith/comeup)⑤Ourclasscame_up_withtheideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.⑥Anumberofpracticalsuggestionscame_upattheclassmeetingyesterday.“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)(1)“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，疑問詞包括疑問代詞(who,what,which)和疑問副詞(when,where,how)。(2)“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的名詞性從句。(3)在“疑問代詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。(4)按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，疑問詞why后面通常不接不定式。但在以why或whynot開頭的省略疑問句中，其后可跟不帶to的不定式。先學(xué)通(通過句子變換把握句式特點(diǎn))①Theboyistooyoungtoknowwhatheshoulddointrouble.→Theboyistooyoungtoknowwhat_to_do_in_trouble.②Excuseme.I'mgoingtotheOceanPark.CouldyoutellmewhenIshouldgetoff?→Excuseme.I'mgoingtotheOceanPark.Couldyoutellmewhen_to_get_off?再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷寫作)現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)遇到困難時(shí)，很多學(xué)生都有一種想知道如何解決的沖動(dòng)。Now,whenhavingtroubleinlearningEnglish,plentyofstudentshaveanurgetoknowhow_to_deal_with_it.④決定去哪里度假后，我們就忙于準(zhǔn)備工作。Havingdecidedwhere_to_go_on_holiday,_wearebusyinpreparing.1．賞修辭之美Asasix－year－oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn'tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimself,“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick？”YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon'tIhelp？”賞析：本段中最后部分使用了三個(gè)why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，這種修辭手法叫排比，也叫平行結(jié)構(gòu)。文中的三個(gè)排比句增強(qiáng)了文章的表現(xiàn)力，激發(fā)了讀者的閱讀興趣；同時(shí)，也反映出主人公堅(jiān)定不移的行善決心。2．賞細(xì)節(jié)之美InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.賞析：本段中“delighted,welcome,sanganddancedhappily”等細(xì)節(jié)描寫，表達(dá)了解決飲水困難后人們的喜悅心情，同時(shí)透露著人們心中的感激。下文“AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.”是心理描寫，該句形象地呈現(xiàn)出Ryan看到他的付出得到回報(bào)后的欣慰心情。(完成句子)Hecouldfeelthetensionreleasedanda_warmth_spread_through_his_body.他能感覺到緊張的情緒被釋放出來(lái)，一股暖流傳遍他的全身。(一)用本單元知識(shí)完成下列語(yǔ)段主題語(yǔ)境——做有意義的事LiHualivedinacitywhichsufferedfromwater①shortage(short)foralongtime.Thegovernmentwantedtofindsome②effective_measures(有效措施)tosolvetheproblem.Therefore,③some_saving_water_foundations_were_established(一些節(jié)水基金會(huì)被建立),andsomewelldiggingprogrammeswerelaunched.④To_make_contributions_to_the_relief_of_the_water_shortage(為了對(duì)緩解缺水問題做出貢獻(xiàn)；contribution；relief),manycitizens⑤were_generous_to_donate_money(慷慨捐款)totherelatedinstitutions.LiHua，oneofthedonors，donatedthemoneyheearnedfromhispart－timejobs,andvolunteeredtoappealtomorepeopletosavewater.Theyalsotaughtpeopletostoreandrecyclewater.Withtheir⑥assistance(assist),thegovernment'sworkturnedouttobeeffective.Whattheydidbenefitedmanypeople,⑦making_a_great_difference(產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響；現(xiàn)在分詞).Allofthemfeltasenseofachievement.(二)根據(jù)提示，續(xù)寫語(yǔ)段重陽(yáng)節(jié)當(dāng)天你和同學(xué)參加了一次志愿活動(dòng)——去養(yǎng)老院獻(xiàn)愛心，結(jié)合“優(yōu)秀品行，正確的人生態(tài)度，公民義務(wù)與社會(huì)責(zé)任”這一主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語(yǔ)和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個(gè)80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：集合出發(fā)→活動(dòng)過程→活動(dòng)的意義及感受。TheDoubleNinthFestivalofthisyearwitnessedouractiveparticipationinthevoluntaryactivity.參考范文：TheDoubleNinthFestivalofthisyearwitnessedouractiveparticipationinthevoluntaryactivity.Asscheduled,wegatheredattheschoolgateearly,bringingourcleaningstuffandawillingheart.Thenwemarchedtothenursinghome,wherewehelpedmopthefloor,dustthefurnitureandcleanthewindows.Wechattedwiththesenior,andalsoplayedchess,practisedTaiChiandmadedumplingstogetherwiththemhappily.Thehighlightoftheday,nodoubt,wasthegala,broughtbytheMusicClubmembers,whichwasmeaningfulandjoyful.Notonlydowelearnthatoldpeopledoneedourcompany,butalsoweexperiencethehappinessandsignificanceofhelpingothers.Itisarewardingdayandwillbenefitusinthelongrun.課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·廈門市高三第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Lifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks:forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople'splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon'tmerelytellusthatspringis“nice”，theyzero_in_on_theparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness:leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn'shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds...Someofthereasonswhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey'vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealizethatitwasn'tsomuchthatthefoodwas“delicious”，butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn'tjust“nice”；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetoaskuswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon'thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank－younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。為了讓我們感恩的信息更有效地傳達(dá)，我們可以從藝術(shù)史中向偉大的藝術(shù)家們學(xué)習(xí)。他們會(huì)抓住一些小細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行描繪，所以作者建議我們?cè)诒磉_(dá)感恩和感謝時(shí)應(yīng)該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由。1．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B．Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C．Weshouldtakeacourseinmessagewriting.D．Wemaydrawinspirationforthank－younotesfromarts.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的最后一句可知，為了使我們的信息更有效，我們可以從藝術(shù)史中學(xué)習(xí)。由此可推知，我們可以從藝術(shù)中得到寫感謝信的靈感。故D項(xiàng)正確。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Leaveout. B．Clearup.C．Focuson. D．Holdback.解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句的前句和后句信息可知，藝術(shù)家不僅僅告訴我們春天很美好，而且還告訴我們一些(這種美好的)細(xì)節(jié)如：似新生兒柔軟的手的樹葉，溫暖的陽(yáng)光和刺骨的微風(fēng)的反差，小黑鳥輕柔的叫聲……。由此可推知，畫線短語(yǔ)應(yīng)是指藝術(shù)家還專注描寫細(xì)節(jié)。故“zeroinon”應(yīng)是“專注于”。故選C項(xiàng)。3．HowisParagraph3developed?A．Byclassification. B．Byexample.C．Bydefinition. D．Byprocess.解析：選B寫作手法題。第三段以土豆有香味和朋友的關(guān)心兩個(gè)小細(xì)節(jié)為例論證：細(xì)節(jié)等待著我們?nèi)ゲ蹲?。故第三段是通過舉例來(lái)論證觀點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。4．Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A．Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B．Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C．Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.D．ThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI'veeverhad.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為在表達(dá)感謝時(shí)應(yīng)該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由，所以作者會(huì)推薦B項(xiàng)(你的關(guān)懷和溫暖的微笑照亮了我的一天)。BAcompanycalledNeuralinkhassharedavideowhereamonkeyisplayingavideogame.That'sfairlyunusual,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjusthismind.ThemonkeyinthevideoiscalledPagerwhohastwoofNeuralink'sspecial“Link”devices(裝置)insidehisbrain.ThedevicesplantedinPager'sbrainareconnectedto2,048wireswhichleadtothepartsofPager'sbrainthatcontrolmovementsofthearmsandhands.ScientiststaughtPagertoplayavideogame.Atfirst,Pagercontrolledthevideogameusingajoystick,whichisanormalgamingcontroller.ButasPagerplayed,hisLinkdeviceswirelesslysentoutinformationaboutthesignalshisbrainwasusingtocontrolhisarmsandhands.Neuralink'sscientistsrecordedallofthesesignals.ThentheyusedcomputerstomatchthesignalsfromPager'sbraintothemovementsthathishandswereactuallydoing.Thiswasthemostdifficultworkandthescientistscountedonartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpthemdecode(解碼)Pager'sbrainsignals.ThefinalstepwastohaveacomputermakemovesinthevideogameasifPagerhadactuallymovedthejoystick.IfPagerthoughtaboutmovingthejoystickup,thecomputerwouldsendan“up”signaltothevideogame.Atfirst,theresearchersletPagerkeepmovingthejoystickwithhishand,eventhoughitwasnolongerconnectedtothecomputer.ButsoonPagerwasabletoplaythevideogameusingjusthisbrain.EventhoughNeuralink'sworkrightnowfocusesonanimalsandvideogames,there'saveryseriouspurposebehindit.Neuralinkwantstomakeitpossibleforhumanswhohavelosttheabilitytomakephysicalmovementstointeractwiththeworldaroundthem.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Neuralink公司的科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)一款可以用大腦控制的科技裝置，希望此項(xiàng)裝置在未來(lái)能幫助到身體癱瘓的人們。5．Whatare“Link”devicesusedtodo?A．Topickupthearms'andhands'signals.B．Tolinkthecomputertothemonkey'sbrain.C．Tosendoutinformationaboutthebrain'ssignals.D．Tocontrolmovementsofthearmsandhands.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“ButasPagerplayed,hisLinkdeviceswirelesslysentoutinformationaboutthesignalshisbrainwasusingtocontrolhisarmsandhands.”可知，Link的作用是將大腦的信號(hào)發(fā)送出來(lái)。故選C。6．Whatchallengedscientistsmostinthestudy?A．Recordingandsendingoutbodysignals.B．TrainingPagertousethejoystickcorrectly.C．Planting“Link”devicesintoPager'sbrain.D．Matchingbrainsignalstobodymovements.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，研究中最難的部分是把大腦信息和身體運(yùn)動(dòng)匹配起來(lái)。故選D。7．WhatisNeuralink'srealpurposeofthestudy?A．Totestartificialintelligence.B．Tohelpthosewithoutarmsorlegs.C．Tostudyhowanimalsplayvideogames.D．Todevelopmorecomplexvideogames.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“there's...theworldaroundthem.”可推知，Neuralink的真正目的是幫助那些失去了手或腳的人。故選B。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．VideoGamesforAnimalsAreDevelopedB．ScienceProvestheIntelligenceofMonkeysC．MonkeyPlaysVideoGamesUsingHisMindD．NeuralinkIsLeadingtheWorldinTechnology解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。文章由第一段的“That's...gamewithjusthismind.”引入話題，主要介紹了Neuralink公司的科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)一款可以用大腦控制的科技裝置，希望此項(xiàng)裝置在未來(lái)能幫助到身體癱瘓的人們。由此可知“猴子用大腦玩電子游戲”可以作為本文標(biāo)題，具有吸引力。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Ifyouthinkyou'reapessimistandthere'snohopeofeverturningitaround,thenthinkagain!Accordingtomentalhealthexperts,itisactuallyverypossibletoturnintoaglass－h(huán)alf－fullkindofperson,andhere'swhatyoucandotoseethingsinabrighterlight.__9__Writingdownyourideasofanoptimistictomorrowwillmakeahugedifferencewhenitcomestoyouroverallattitudetolife.Youmayalsowanttoconsideraseriouschallengeyouhaveinliferightnow,andsimplysitbackandthinkaboutallofthepossiblepositiveoutcomes.Choosetobeoptimistic.Lifeisallaboutchoices.Youcanchoosetospendtheentiredayreadingorcleaning.Youcanmakethecallyou'vebeenthinkingaboutforawhileoryoucanputitoffforanotherday.What'smore,youcanalsochoosetobepositiveoryoucanchoosetosimplycarryonlivingasyouare.__10__Andthencarryonthatwayfortherestofyourlife.Extendpositivenesstoothers.Makingothersfeelgoodaboutthemselvescanhavelastingpositiveeffectsonyourownlife.Neverforgettoadmireyourfamily,friends,andcolleaguesforthegoodthingswhichtheyaredoingintheirlives,eveniftheydon'tdirectlyaffectyou.__11__Adjustyournegativethinkingpatterns.It'sfinetoacknowledgethatbadthingsinlifemighthappenatanytime.__12__Yetbeingoverlynegativecanseriouslyruinyourchancesoffindinghappinessinyourlife.Reframingyourawkwardlynegativethoughtsintomorerealisticpatternsmaybethekeytohelpingyoumaintainoptimism.Practicegratitude.Spendsometimethinkingaboutallofthethingsyouhavetobethankfulfor.__13__Youcouldevenchoosetokeepdiaries,whereyoucanputdownanythingthatmakesyousmile.Ifnothingelse,takeamomenteveryonceinawhiletostop,smileandbethankfulforthepositivethingsinlife.A．Imagineapositivefuture.B．Formthehabitofkeepingdiaries.C．Ofcourse,it'salsonecessarytopraiseyourself.D．Ignoringrealityisn'tthemosthelpfulmethod.E．Beingoptimisticstartswiththedecisiontobepositive.F．Itwilloftenprovideyouwithaninstantoptimismboost.G．Takeamomenttoworkouthowrealisticyourthoughtsreallyare.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幫助持悲觀態(tài)度的人進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變的幾種辦法——想象積極的未來(lái)、選擇樂觀、傳遞積極樂觀、調(diào)整消極思維模式、踐行感恩。9．選A本段主要講了“說到對(duì)生活的總體態(tài)度時(shí)，把你對(duì)于一個(gè)積極的明天的想法寫下來(lái)會(huì)有很大的影響……想想所有未來(lái)可能出現(xiàn)的積極的結(jié)果”，據(jù)此可知，本段主要是說要積極樂觀地暢想未來(lái)，故A項(xiàng)適合作本段的主旨句。10．選E空前一句講到了“你也可以選擇積極或者繼續(xù)按你本來(lái)的樣子生活”，而空后一句講到了“余生繼續(xù)那種生活方式”，再結(jié)合本段主旨句“選擇樂觀”可知，空處應(yīng)該會(huì)講到選擇積極樂觀，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。11．選C本段主旨句為“將積極樂觀傳遞給別人”，空前一句講的是“對(duì)于你的家人、朋友、同事做的好事，哪怕對(duì)你無(wú)直接影響，也要記得去贊賞他們”，這是贊賞他人，C項(xiàng)中的praiseyourself與之相對(duì)應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。12．選D空前一句講到了“承認(rèn)生活中隨時(shí)可能會(huì)發(fā)生一些不好的事情是好的”，空后一句講到了“然而，過度消極會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害你在生活中找到幸福的機(jī)會(huì)”，因此空處講的應(yīng)該是面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)不要逃避，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。13．選F空前一句講到了“花些時(shí)間去思考一下所有你應(yīng)該感恩的事情”，空后一句講到了“你甚至可以記日記，把所有讓你微笑的事情記錄下來(lái)”，這兩句都是對(duì)“踐行感恩”的舉例，因此空處應(yīng)該是對(duì)這樣做的效果的評(píng)價(jià)，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·廈門市高三第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))WhileTexanswereinthethickoftheirunprecedented(前所未有的)winterstorm,ChelseaTimmonswasbravingtheelementstodelivergroceries.Shehadjusttapped“accept”onherfinal__14__ofthedaywhenthestormstartedpickingup.Chelsea__15__andmadeittohercustomer'shome,butthentheworsthappened:Hercarwas__16__.Withtheroadsas__17__astheywere,hercarsliddownthedriveway.__18__，itstoppedjustshortofthehouse.However,itgotstuck.Thehouseownerswereboth__19__andconcernedwhenChelseaexplainedwhathadhappened.Threeofthemtriedeverypossiblemeansto__20__hercar,butinvain.That'swhenthecoupletooktheneighborlynextstep:They__21__herin.Chelseawas__22__comingintoastranger'shome.Afterspendingmoretimewiththecoupleandrealizingthestormmade__23__toodangerous,shewasrelievedtoaccepttheir__24__.Later,theycookedherdinnerand__25__onebedroom.Chelseawastouchedandevenmore__26__fortheirgenerositywhenlearningherapartmentlostelectricityandwaterasthe__27__worsened.“I'mgladthatsuchwonderfulpeople__28__me.Itturnedouttobethebest－casescenario.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。ChelseaTimmons冒著暴風(fēng)雪去送貨，不曾想自己的車在一個(gè)房子前被困住了。熱心的房主人主動(dòng)提供幫助，卻徒勞無(wú)功。于是，他們決定邀請(qǐng)Chelsea到家里休息住宿，Chelsea被他們的善舉深深地打動(dòng)。14．A.feedback B．reportC．paycheck D．order解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和上文中的“ChelseaTimmonswasbravingtheelementstodelivergroceries.”可知，暴風(fēng)雪來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，ChelseaTimmons按下了最后一個(gè)訂單的“接收”鍵。feedback“反饋的意見”；paycheck“付薪水的支票，薪水”。15．A.pushedthrough B．pulledbackC．hungabout D．tookover解析：選A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和上文中的“WhileTexanswereinthethickoftheirunprecedented(前所未有的)winterstorm”可知，前所未有的暴風(fēng)雪來(lái)臨，在這種情況下要想把貨物送到顧客家，Chelsea需要穿越風(fēng)雪。pushthrough“完成，擠著穿過”；pullback“拉回，撤回”；hangabout“徘徊，閑蕩”；takeover“接管，接收”。16．A.outofcontrol B．underguaranteeC．a(chǎn)trest D．onfire解析：選A根據(jù)下文中的“hercarsliddownthedriveway”可知，她的車失控了。outofcontrol“失控”。17．A.dusty B．icyC．empty D．busy解析：選B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“hercarsliddownthedriveway”可知，暴風(fēng)雪中，道路結(jié)冰，她的車滑出車道。18．A.Annoyingly B．InstantlyC．Luckily D．Apparently解析：選C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文中的“itstoppedjustshortofthehouse”可知，盡管她的車滑出車道，但是幸運(yùn)的是停在了一戶人家門前。19．A.excited B．satisfiedC．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．shocked解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)Chelsea把情況告訴房主人時(shí)，房主人都驚呆了，對(duì)她的情況十分擔(dān)心。20．A.lock B．paintC．free D．wash解析：選C根據(jù)上文中的“However,itgotstuck.”可知，Chelsea的車被困住了，因此房主人想要幫她把車推出來(lái)。21．A.boxed B．filledC．dragged D．invited解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“comingintoastranger'shome”可知，眼見車推不出來(lái)，房主人邀請(qǐng)Chelsea進(jìn)屋歇息。22．A.nervous B．comfortableC．relaxed D．ridiculous解析：選A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，貿(mào)然進(jìn)一個(gè)陌生人的家里，尤其對(duì)一位女士來(lái)講，難免緊張。ridiculous“荒唐的；荒謬的”。23．A.shopping B．travelC．a(chǎn)ccommodation D．entertainment解析：選B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，暴風(fēng)雪讓出行變得很危險(xiǎn)。24．A.offer B．a(chǎn)ppointmentC．challenge D．service解析：選A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在意識(shí)到暴風(fēng)雪的危險(xiǎn)之后，Chelsea接受了那對(duì)夫婦提供的幫助。25．A.decorated B．a(chǎn)iredC．spared D．booked解析：選C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，房主人不僅為Chelsea做了晚飯，還為她騰出一間屋子。26．A.eager B．readyC．sorry D．grateful解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，房主人的慷慨熱情讓Chelsea非常感激。27．A.pain B．marketC．storm D．confusion解析：選C根據(jù)上文中的“WhileTexanswereinthethickoftheirunprecedented(前所未有的)winterstorm”可知，隨著暴風(fēng)雪的加劇，屋里水電都停了。28．A.followed B．shelteredC．called D．cured解析：選B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和上文中的“theycookedherdinnerand_____onebedroom”可知，房主人收留了Chelsea。課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)主題表達(dá)升格訓(xùn)練(