新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練第2部分完形填空與語法填空專題4第2 有提示詞類名詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞 (含解析)

第2講有提示詞類——名詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞技法一如何確定名詞的詞形變化名詞的變化主要包括名詞變復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格和名詞的詞形變化?？疾榉较蚪忸}思路針對訓(xùn)練名詞變復(fù)數(shù)1.有數(shù)詞或者these，those，several，many，all，both，various，anumberof等詞修飾時(shí)，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.前有“oneof”修飾時(shí)，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.若謂語動詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，則作主語的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.(2022·江西九江二模)AnumberofOlympichightechnologies(technology)havebeenappliedforthefirsttimeinBeijingtoensureitsgoalofcarbonneutrality.2.(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywehumans(human)are.3.“Makingcoinswasoneofthegreatestfinancialactivities(activity)inhumanhistory，”saidresearchers，addingthatitallowedwealthtobetradedeasily.名詞所有格提示詞與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)考慮名詞所有格。單數(shù)名詞或不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在詞尾加’s；以s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在詞尾加’。4.TheseYungangresearchers’(researcher)attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreserveculturalheritage.名詞變形容詞提示詞為名詞，如果作定語修飾后面的名詞或前面有比較級修飾，則一般考查名詞變形容詞。一般在名詞詞尾加后綴-able；-al；-ful；-en；-y；-less；-ly；-ous等構(gòu)成形容詞，如：terrible，national，useful，wooden，healthy，careless，monthly，dangerous等。5.(2021·全國乙)Providefinancial(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.6.(2022·全國甲)Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmoremeaningful(meaning).名詞變動詞提示詞為名詞，如果作謂語或非謂語，則一般考查名詞變動詞。一般在名詞詞尾加后綴-en；-ize或前綴en-等構(gòu)成動詞，如：strengthen，apologize，encourage，endanger等。7.Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercisestostrengthen(strength)yourlegmuscles，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.附表名詞變復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則典型例詞規(guī)則變化一般在詞尾加s；如果是以ch，sh，s，x等結(jié)尾的單詞，則加estrees，bikes，books，buses，watches，boxes，bushes輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i再加es；元音字母＋y結(jié)尾的單詞，則直接加sbabies，families，boys，plays以o結(jié)尾的單詞除了兩人(negro，hero)、兩菜(tomato，potato)加es外，其余一般加sradios，photos以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞，通常把f，fe變?yōu)関再加eswives，knives，wolves特殊變化man→men，woman→women；tooth→teeth，foot→feet；child→children；mouse→mice單復(fù)數(shù)同形Chinese，Japanese，people，sheep，deer，fish注意1.除了上表中的情況以外，還有一些特殊變化的名詞如：German→Germanshuman→humansstomach→stomachschief→chiefsbelief→beliefs2．兩個(gè)名詞組成的合成詞一般只變后一個(gè)名詞，如appletrees，factoryworkers；但是和man，woman組成的合成詞兩個(gè)詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)，如womenteachers，mendoctors技法二如何確定代詞的詞形變化考查方向解題思路針對訓(xùn)練人稱代詞1.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少主語時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮人稱代詞主格(I，we，you，he，she，it，they等)形式。2.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少賓語或表語時(shí)應(yīng)考慮人稱代詞賓格(me，us，you，him，her，it，them等)形式。1.Sheshowedthem(they)themicrowave，waterdispenser(飲水機(jī))andrefrigeratorinthespacekitchen.物主代詞1.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少定語時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮形容詞性物主代詞(my，our，your，his，her，its，their等)形式。2.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少主語或賓語，且表示擁有者時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮名詞性物主代詞(mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs等)形式。2.Allour(we)yuanxiaoarehandmade，becauseitistheonlywaytomaintainthetraditionalflavor.3.(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)Asthesonggoes，thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”，anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesinmine(I).反身代詞提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)該詞作動詞或介詞的賓語或表語，且和主語是同一人時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮反身代詞(myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves等)形式。4.Althoughseveralhundredpeoplehaveclaimedthemselves(they)aseyewitnessesofsomegiantapelikecreaturesinShennongjia，thereisnotangibleevidencetoconfirmtheexistenceofa“wildman”.技法三如何確定形容詞和副詞的詞形變化考查方向解題思路針對訓(xùn)練形容詞變副詞、名詞1.若空格處的詞修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，應(yīng)考慮副詞形式。2.若空格處在動詞前作主語或介詞或形容詞后作賓語，應(yīng)考慮名詞形式。1.(2022·浙江1月)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci，forexample，roughly(rough)200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—havepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.2.(2020·全國Ⅲ)Filledwithcuriosity(curious)，theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.形容詞、副詞變反義詞根據(jù)句意和前后邏輯關(guān)系，確定句意表否定時(shí)，可以添加否定前綴(il-，un-，im-，dis-等)或否定后綴(-less等)變?yōu)榉戳x詞。3.Overthepastdecades，thecountryhaslostmorethan30%ofitsforestcoverduetoillegal(legal)logging.形容詞、副詞變比較級1.空前有much，far，still，even，rather，alittle，abit，alot，agreatdeal，than等標(biāo)志性詞時(shí)應(yīng)考慮用比較級。2.句型“the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..”表示“越……，就越……”。3.句型“比較級＋and＋比較級”表示“越來越……”。4.“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義。5.句中如果沒有標(biāo)志詞，但暗含比較級的意思，也需要用比較級。4.(2021·浙江6月)Whenthehousewasbuilt，itwasmuchsmaller(small)thanitistoday.5.(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets，thehotter(hot)thespring！6.—Didyouhaveagoodsleeplastnight？—Yes，neversleepbetter(well).7.(2022·安徽馬鞍山二模)Comparedwithotherprovinces，theyarealsolarger(large)innumber，andhavebiggerimpact.形容詞、副詞變最高級1.設(shè)空后有表示范圍的標(biāo)志詞in，of，among等時(shí)，用最高級。2.設(shè)空前有oneofthe，the＋序數(shù)詞等修飾詞時(shí)，用最高級。3.句中如果沒有標(biāo)志詞，但暗含最高級的意思，也需要用最高級。8.China’snew-generationhigh-speedtrain，theFuxingHao，isnowoneofthefastest(fast)trainsintheworld.9.(2022·全國甲)Inthelastfiveyears，Caohaswalkedthrough34countriesinsixcontinents，andin2016，hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro，Africa’shighest(high)mountain.附表1形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則變化規(guī)則典型例詞一般形容詞變副詞直接在其后加-lyquick→quickly，anxious→anxiously以輔音字母＋e結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加-ly，以元音字母＋e結(jié)尾的形容詞去掉e再加-lyimmediate→immediately，polite→politely，true→truly以輔音字母＋le結(jié)尾的形容詞要去掉e再加-ypossible→possibly，probable→probably以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i再加-lyhappy→happily，healthy→healthily以-ic結(jié)尾的形容詞要在其后加-allyeconomic→economically，basic→basically以-ll結(jié)尾的形容詞要在其后加-yfull→fully，dull→dully注意以下單詞是特殊的形式：whole-whollypublic-publiclyshy-shyly附表2形容詞、副詞變比較級或最高級構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er，-esttallgreattallergreatertallestgreatest以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r，-stnicesimplenicersimplernicestsimplest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-er，-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest“以輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變y為i，再加-er，-esteasybusyeasierbusiereasiestbusiest少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er，-estclevernarrow(窄的)cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級importanteasilymoreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasilyGroup1達(dá)標(biāo)練1．Afterreformandopening-up，teahousesfloweredinChinawiththedevelopmentoftheeconomyandevidentimprovementofpeople’s(people)livingstandards.2．(2022·福建莆田質(zhì)檢)Ahighlightofthevillagesisthedininghalls，whichwilloffer678dishestoathletesfromdiverseculturalbackgrounds(background)．3．Asisshowninthecommentsoftheaudience，thespiritsoftheheroeswhofoughtbloodilyforourcountryandthepeoplehavearousedtheir(they)nationalprideandremindedthemtovaluetoday’speacefullife.4．Bytheageof23，shehasvisitedallthecountriesinanefforttochallengeherself(she)andpushthelimitsofwhatshebelievedwaspossibleforafemaletraveler.5．Butthemostvaluable(value)experienceofallwasdiscoveringanewsenseofindependence，shesaid.6．ItwasthefirstroadinChinawiththreecoloreddividinglines，andhassuccessfully(successful)appliedfornationalintellectualpropertycertification.7．Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool，beforeyoumakeanychoiceaboutyourfurther(far)education.8．Asaresult，Chinahasthefourthlargest(large)numberofmuseumsintheworldnexttotheUnitedStates，GermanyandJapan.9．(2022·江西八校聯(lián)考)Accordingtoofficialstatistics，over346millionChinesepeoplehaveparticipatedinwintersportstraining，amateurorprofessional(profession)competitions，orwintersportsleisureactivities，surpassingthegoalof300millionthegovernmentsetin2015whenBeijingwontheOlympicbid.10．(2022·江西九江二模)China’scommitmenttoengage300millionpeopleinwintersportshasalreadybecomeareality(real)．Group2真題練1．AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay，thebirthplaceofteaandthelargest(large)tea-producingcountry，Chinahasaresponsibility(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.(2022·全國乙)2．TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony，openingits(it)firstexhibition：TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.(2022·全國乙)3．TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulations(population)andhomesofgiantpandas，andeventually(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)4．Whydowedream？Scientistsaren’tcompletelysure，andtheyhavediverseideas(idea).(2021·北京)5．...wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetter(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory！(2021·全國甲)6．Itwillundoubtedly(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)7．Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside，includinglower(low)levelsofincomeandeducation，highercostsofhealthyfoods，andfewersportsfacilities.(2021·浙江1月)8．Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’s(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared，andaBMIofbetween19and25isconsideredhealthy.(2021·浙江1月)9．Aswellaslookingatexhibits，visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselves(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)10．Historicalaccuracy(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)AYangLiu，a25-year-oldinheritorofsinglebamboodrifting(獨(dú)竹漂)，hasgivenover3,000performancesofthetraditionalsportacrossChinainthepast10years.Shedesires1.(familiarize)peoplewithitnotjustinthecountrybuttheentireworld.Bornand2.(bring)upinZunyi，Guizhou，Yangstartedlearningdriftingonabamboopoleonthewaterwhenshewasseven.Inthe3.(begin)，shetreateditjustasawaytokeepfit.Butlateron，shedeveloped4.interestwhenshemanagedtopulloffsomebasicdancemoveswhiledriftingonthewater.5．eachbraveattempt，herconfidencegrew.She6.(late)appliedtraditionalChinesecostumes，Hanfu，toherperformances.AgirlinHanfudancingonthewater—itwasasighttobehold.7．Yangdidn’tjuststopthere.Havingasoftcornerinherheartfor8.(disable)people，sheintegratedsignlanguageintoherdance，thusnotonlypromotingChineseculture，butalsotellingpeoplethat“aslongasyouarewillingtomake9.(attempt)，youcanalsofindyourvalue.”Since2020，Yanghasbeenactivelypopularizingthetechniqueonsocialmediaplatforms，whereshe10.(earn)millionsoffollowersandlikesfromhomeandabroad.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，講述了獨(dú)竹漂傳承人楊柳的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。)1．答案tofamiliarize解析考查非謂語動詞。desire后面接不定式作賓語。故填tofamiliarize。2．答案brought解析考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句主句謂語動詞是started，所以設(shè)空處動詞需填非謂語形式，由于動詞bring和Yang是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以bring需用過去分詞形式。故填brought。3．答案beginning解析考查名詞。inthebeginning是固定短語，意為“起初”。故填beginning。4．答案an解析考查冠詞。結(jié)合句意可知，她后來將獨(dú)竹漂培養(yǎng)成一種愛好，所以interest前需加不定冠詞，由于interest發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以此處應(yīng)填an。故填an。5．答案With解析考查介詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，eachbraveattempt充當(dāng)?shù)氖前殡S狀語，“with＋名詞/名詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)符合條件，又因?yàn)榫涫鬃帜敢髮?，故填With。6．答案later解析考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處需填副詞，充當(dāng)狀語，修飾整個(gè)句子。later是副詞，意為“后來”，可充當(dāng)該句時(shí)間狀語。故填later。7．答案But解析考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，設(shè)空處前后之間形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需填表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but。句首字母要大寫。故填But。8．答案disabled解析考查形容詞。由設(shè)空處后面的“signlanguage”可知，她融入手語到舞蹈當(dāng)中，所以此處指的是身患?xì)埣驳娜耍琩isabledpeople表示“殘障人士”。故填disabled。9．答案attempts解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處需填名詞充當(dāng)動詞make的賓語，此處可數(shù)名詞attempt前面沒有限定詞，所以需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填attempts。10．答案hasearned解析考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處充當(dāng)謂語。由時(shí)間狀語Since2020可知，設(shè)空處需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。從句主語she是單數(shù)，所以從句謂語動詞需用單數(shù)形式。故填hasearned。BTheterm“China-Chic”characterizestheriseofChina’snativefashiontrends.Ithasexpandedtheconceptof“MadeinChina”，1.isusuallyregardedastheassuranceofthequalityofproducts.Inrecentyears，“MadeinChina”has2.(increasing)beenrecognizedastherepresentationofChineseculture3.(offer)byhomegrownChinesebrands，orsimply“China-Chic”．Theinitial4.(adopt)oftheterm“China-Chic”wassimilarto“BritStyle”，whichrepresentsauniquefashiontrendmainlydefinedbythecountry’sdifferentiatingcultural5.___________(element)．Designersinthefashionindustrywere6.firsttofeaturetraditionalChinesepatternsandcharacters，garmenttextilesandcraftingtechniquein7.(they)newestcollections.Theeye-catchingcolorsandstylescreatedavisualfeastthatmanyhaveneverseenbefore，quickly8.(turn)thecollectionsintobestsellers.Undersuchinfluence，youngpeoplegradually9.(shift)theirattentionfrompopcultureimportedfromJapan，KoreaandtheWestandstartedtodevelopinterest10.traditionalChineseartandliterature，practicingChinesecalligraphyandmusicalinstrument，suchasGuzheng.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是“China-Chic”這個(gè)詞產(chǎn)生的背景。)1．答案which解析考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞指物，因此空格處填關(guān)系代詞which。2．答案increasingly解析考查副詞。空格處用副詞修飾動詞recognized，故填increasingly。3．答案offered解析考查過去分詞。句中謂語是“has(increasing)beenrecognized”，空格處用非謂語動詞，由by可知，空格處用過去分詞表被動，作后置定語。故填offered。4．答案adoption解析考查名詞。initial是形容詞，修飾名詞，adopt的名詞是adoption，意為“采用”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填adoption。5．答案elements解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。element是可數(shù)名詞，differentiating意為“不同的”，其后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填elements。6．答案the解析考查定冠詞。first是序數(shù)詞，表示“第一”，前面加定冠詞，故填the。7．答案their解析考查物主代詞。Designers和“newestcollections”是所屬關(guān)系，用形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞短語“newestcollections”。故填their。8．答案turning解析考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句中謂語是created，空格處用非謂語動詞，前面描述的事情和turn之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填turning。9．答案shifted解析考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處與后面的started為并列謂語動詞，and前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，故填shifted。10．答案in解析考查介詞和固定短語。developinterestin是固定短語，意為“對……產(chǎn)生興趣”。故填in。強(qiáng)化練(二十九)語法填空(2)ATheWinterOlympicGamesarenotjustanopportunityforathletestowinmedalsandhonourfortheircountries.Everyfouryears，1.Gamesalsoofferaudiencesachancetogettoknowmoreaboutwintersportsfromaroundtheworld.TheWinterOlympicsmaynothavethelargecrowdsandhugestarsof2.(it)summersibling(兄弟)，buttheysharethesameOlympicspirit.Oneofthe3.(popular)sportsoftheWinterOlympicGamesisskiing.Skierscompeteinthedownhillandslalom(回轉(zhuǎn)賽)，andintheshortandlongcross-countryskiraces.Skiingwas4.(original)asportplayedonlyincoldnortherncountries，butnowathletesfromallovertheworldcompeteinthissport，eventhosefromcountries5.anysnow!Skaterscompetewitheachotherinspeedracesorinfigure-skating(花樣滑冰)events.Thefigure-skatersaregenerallyconsidered6.(be)thestarsoftheWinterOlympicGames.Theseiceprincesandprincessesaresogracefulthatit’seasytoforgetthattheyareactuallyhighlyskilled7.(athlete)．Theskeleton8.(name)aftertheshapeofthemetalsledsusedinthe1890s，whenthesportfirststarted.Itisadownhillsledrace，usuallyonice.Thissportlooksalittleliketheluge(無舵雪橇)，9.apersonsitsonthebackofthesledwithhisorherfeetforward，buttheskeletonisalotmoreexcitinganddangerousthanthat.Intheskeleton，apersonliesonhisorherstomachonthesled，withhisorherhead10.(point)downhill!eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了3個(gè)冬奧會的比賽項(xiàng)目。)1．答案the解析考查冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Games指冬奧會，所以前面要用定冠詞修飾，表示特指。故填the。2．答案its解析考查形容詞性物主代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里需要用形容詞性物主代詞修飾后面的名詞短語summersibling。故填its。3．答案mostpopular解析考查形容詞最高級。固定搭配“oneof＋the＋形容詞最高級＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，意為“最……的之一”。故填mostpopular。4．答案originally解析考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里需要用副詞作狀語，修飾系動詞was，意為“最初地”。故填originally。5．答案without解析考查介詞。根據(jù)句意且分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里需要用介詞without，意為“沒有”。故填without。6．答案tobe解析考查固定搭配。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里考查固定搭配beconsideredtobe...，意為“被認(rèn)為是……”。故填tobe。7．答案athletes解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子主語是they，指代上文的Theseiceprincesandprincesses，所以是指復(fù)數(shù)意義，名詞athlete意為“運(yùn)動員”，為可數(shù)名詞。故填athletes。8．答案isnamed解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里考查句子的謂語動詞，這句話是描述事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語Theskeleton和謂語動詞name是被動關(guān)系，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)；主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填isnamed。9．答案where解析考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是theluge，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以填關(guān)系副詞where。10．答案pointing解析考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞point與head是主動關(guān)系，而且是和謂語lies同時(shí)發(fā)生的動作，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓補(bǔ)成分。故填pointing。BDuringtheLanternFestival，longlinesofcustomersarewaitingoutsideDaoxiangcunstoresinthecapitalcityBeijing.“IfeelI’mmissingsomething1.Idon’teatyuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestival.Gettingupearlyinthemorning，2.(put)onwarmclothesandwaitinginalonglineoutsideaDaoxiangcunstoretobuynewly-madeyuanxiaoisasortofprivateceremonyformeandensuresIwillhaveanothersweetyear.”DongShanshan,3.35-year-oldBeijingersaid.FormanypeoplelikeDong，eatingDaoxiangcunyuanxiao4.(be)anessentialLanternFestivaltradition.TheBeijingDaoxiangcunFoodCompany，5.ownsthebrandandstores，recentlystagedaneventtomarktheofficiallaunchofyuanxiaobeingmadeatsomeofits6.(factory)．ShiYan，thecompany’srepresentativemanager，said，“All7.(we)yuanxiaoarehandmade，becauseitistheonlywaytomaintainthetraditionalflavor.”8．(meet)localdemand，thecompanywilldemonstratehowyuanxiaoaremadeatsomeofitsstoresinBeijing.“Thiswill9.(hopeful)bringafestiveatmospheretothecityanditsresidents，”Shisaid.“Youngpeoplecanlearnhowthetraditionalfoodismadeandtheculturesurroundingthisfoodcan10.(carry)forwardandexpanded.”語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了北京稻香村的元宵是許多北京人的傳統(tǒng)，介紹了其特色及意義。1．答案if解析考查狀語從句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，應(yīng)用if。故填if。2．答案putting解析考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，put在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，空格處與Gettingupearlyinthemorning以及waitinginalongline共同構(gòu)成句子的主語，and連接的并列主語，形式應(yīng)該保持一致。故填putting。3．答案a解析考查冠詞。Beijinger為泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且35-year-old的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。4．答案is解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語為動名詞短語eatingDaoxiangcunyuanxiao，謂語用單數(shù)。故填is。5．答案which解析考查定語從句。空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞TheBeijingDaoxiangcunFoodCompany，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。6．答案factories解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。factory為可數(shù)名詞，由someof修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填factories。7．答案our解析考查代詞。修飾后面名詞應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填our。8．答案Tomeet解析考查非謂語動詞。此處meet作目的狀語應(yīng)用不定式，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Tomeet。9．答案hopefully解析考查副詞。修飾空后動詞bring，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填hopefully。10．答案becarried解析考查語態(tài)。主語food與carry構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且can后跟動詞原形。故填becarried。C(2022·山西太原一模)ShenzhoucrewmembersbecamethefirstChinese1.(spend)thenation’smostimportantfestival，theChineseLunarNewYear，inouterspace.OnboardChina’sspacestationcoremodule，taikonautsZhaiZhigang，WangYapingandYeGuangfuextended2.(they)SpringFestivalgreetingsinavideoonNewYear’seve.TheywishedthemotherlandandallChinesepeopleprosperity.While3.(display)apairofcouplets，CommanderZhai，aChinesecalligraphyenthusiast，said，“Iwishallofyougood4.(healthy)andgoodluckineverythingyoudo.”Dressed5.festivecostumes，WangheldaballoonwithChinesecharacter“Fu”，meaninggoodluck.Yealsoheld6.stickerwiththeChinesecharacter“Fu”．Inaddition，thetaikonautsdecoratedtheorbitingcoremodulewithred7.(lantern)，Chineseknotsandpaper-cutcrafts.OnOct.16,2021，theShenzhoumissionsentthethreetaikonautsintothespacestation，asix-monthstay，the8.(long)everdurationinthecountry’smannedspaceprogram.Multipletasks9.(complete)bythemoverthepastfivemonths，includingperformingtwospacewalksandalivesciencelecture.Thereisageneralbelief10.moreChinesepeoplewillenjoytheSpringFestivalinspaceinthefuture.語篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要說明了神舟十三號機(jī)組人員成為第一批在外太空度過中國最重要節(jié)日——農(nóng)歷新年的中國人。文章介紹了他們給中國人民拜年的情況。1．答案tospend解析考查非謂語動詞。Chinese由序數(shù)詞修飾，后跟不定式作后置定語。故填tospend。2．答案their解析考查代詞。修飾名詞greetings，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。3.答案displaying解析考查非謂語動詞。在while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致且從句含有be的某種形式時(shí)，可省略從句的主語和be，從句完整形式為WhileCommanderZhaiwasdisplayingapairofcouplets。故填displaying。4．答案health解析考查名詞。作賓語，表示“健康”，應(yīng)用名詞health，不可數(shù)。故填health。5．答案in解析考查介詞。此處為固定短語bedressedin，意為“穿著……”。故填in。6．答案a解析考查冠詞。sticker為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且sticker的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。7．答案lanterns解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。lantern為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空后的Chineseknotsandpaper-cutcrafts可知應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填lanterns。8．答案longest解析考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)定冠詞the以及句意“最長的”可知，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級。故填longest。9．答案havebeencompleted解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文overthepastfivemonths可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)；主語為tasks，助動詞用have。故填havebeencompleted。10．答案that解析考查同位語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內(nèi)容，從句不缺少成分，句意完整。故填that。DTheJiangsucountrysidestretchingbetweenthecitiesofSuzhouandShanghaiishometoalotofsmallbeautifulwatertowns，manyofwhich1.(locate)alongtheGrandCanal，anartificial