新高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練第2部分完形填空與語(yǔ)法填空專題4第3 無(wú)提示詞類冠詞、代詞和介詞 (含解析)

第3講無(wú)提示詞類——冠詞、代詞和介詞技法一如何確定填冠詞冠詞是名詞的標(biāo)志，當(dāng)空后是名詞或“形容詞＋名詞”，而且沒(méi)有其他限定詞時(shí)，一般需要用冠詞。考查方向解題思路針對(duì)訓(xùn)練不定冠詞a/an1.在文中第一次提到可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，一般為泛指，用不定冠詞a/an。2.在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”時(shí)，用不定冠詞a/an。3.a一般用于發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的名詞前，an一般用于發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的名詞前(注意：并不是指輔音字母或者元音字母開頭的單詞)。1.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ改編)InancientChinalivedanartistwhosepaintingswerealmostlifelike.2.Liuzhouluosifen，asoupdish，isnamedbysomepeopleas“durian(榴蓮)ofsoup”foritsstrongsmell.定冠詞the1.第二次及以后提到時(shí)表特指，用定冠詞the。2.當(dāng)名詞后有定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，多數(shù)情況用定冠詞the。3.用在序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)前或有only，very，same等修飾的名詞前。4.用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”。5.用于表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。6.用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。7.用于被演奏的西洋樂(lè)器前。3.WangisChina’ssecondwomaninspace，afterLiuYangmadehistorybyjoiningtheShenzhou-9spacecraftin2012.4.(2022·福建莆田質(zhì)檢)Designedandconstructedtothehighesteverstandardsforgreenandsustainablehousing，thethreevillageswillbeabletoaccommodate5,500athletesandteamofficials.5.(2022·河南焦作一模)TheAntarcticistheonlyregionintheworldthathasneverbeenhometohumancivilization.固定搭配1.與不定冠詞a/an連用的常用短語(yǔ)：haveacold/fever/try/talk/rest/breaktakeaninterestin...takeachancemakeadifferenceasaresultallofasuddenawasteofasamatteroffactinawordinahurryonceinawhileonceuponatimehaveagoodtimekeepaneyeon...2.與定冠詞the連用的常用短語(yǔ)：ontheotherhandbythewaytaketheplaceof...inthefrontof...allovertheworldattheendofthesame(...)asbytheendof...inthebeginningatthesametimeatthebeginningof...atthemoment6.Inasometimescallous(冷漠的)worldwherepeoplecanbesofocusedonwhatthey’redoing，arandomactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.7.(2022·江西上饒一模)Astudyshowedthatan80-year-oldTsimanépersonhasthesamecardiovascular(心血管的)ageasanAmericaninhismid-50s.注意冠詞的特殊用法還有：(1)動(dòng)詞＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位。(2)抽象名詞具體化：某些抽象名詞可以與不定冠詞a連用，常見(jiàn)的有pleasure，surprise，comfort，danger，success，failure，duty等。技法二如何確定填代詞語(yǔ)法填空考查代詞，有兩種考查方式，有提示詞類和無(wú)提示詞類，人稱代詞及物主代詞多以有提示詞的形式出現(xiàn)，已經(jīng)在前面做了講解。無(wú)提示詞類主要考查it，對(duì)前面名詞指代的代詞和不定代詞。考查方向解題思路針對(duì)訓(xùn)練代詞的指代用法1.如果空格前出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，并且空格處作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，可根據(jù)指代的情況用he，she，it或者h(yuǎn)im，her，it。2.如果空格前出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，并且空處作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，可根據(jù)指代的情況用they或them。3.如果前面出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，后面再次提到而且是特指，用that。4.如果前面出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，后面再次提到而且是特指，用those。5.如果前面出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，后面再次提到而且是泛指同名不同物的東西用one。1.However，therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths，morethan25,000peoplewereusingiteveryday.2.Nobreadeatenbyamanissosweetasthatearnedbyhisownlabor.3.Heskimmedthepagesquickly，thenreadthemagainmorecarefully.4.Ifyou’rebuyingtoday’spaperfromthestand，couldyougetoneforme？it的用法1.指代天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。2.用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。3.it用在一些固定句型和固定用法中。見(jiàn)下面的【注意】。5.(2022·江西宜春期末)However，itwasnotuntilthreedecadeslaterthatZhileftthevillageandwenttoanevenmoreremotevillageschoolinthemountains.6.Itisbelievedthattherewillbe2.5billionautomobilesworldwideby2050.7.Icouldn’thavemadeitthroughthosetimeswithoutthesupportofmyparents.注意(1)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他It＋be＋adj.＋of/forsb.＋todosth.Itisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.Itisapity/afact/nowonder/adj.＋that...Itseems/appears/turnsout/occurstosb.＋that...Itissaid/reported/believed/...＋that...Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.(2)常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)的句型有：主語(yǔ)＋think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep/...＋it＋補(bǔ)語(yǔ)＋todosth./that...主語(yǔ)＋like/hate/love/appreciate/...＋it＋從句(3)固定用法：whenitcomesto...當(dāng)談到……assb.putsit正如某人所言makeit成功技法三如何確定填介詞當(dāng)空格后出現(xiàn)的是名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞，且這些詞不作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要考慮填介詞?？疾榉较蚪忸}思路針對(duì)訓(xùn)練時(shí)間名詞前的介詞年月周前要用in，日子前面卻要禁。遇到幾號(hào)要用on，上午下午又是in。要說(shuō)某日上下午，用on換in才能行。午夜黃昏須用at，黎明用它也不錯(cuò)。at也用在時(shí)分前。1.(2021·全國(guó)甲)Itwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecityin/duringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).表示地點(diǎn)和方式的介詞在……里，用in；在……上，用on；穿過(guò)……，用through/across；通過(guò)……方式，用by；借助……工具，用with等。2.(2020·浙江7月)Sometimeafter10,000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin，throughagriculture.“介詞＋n.”搭配byaccident，introuble，inspiteof，inhonourof，insearchof，invain，inturn，inreturn，atrisk，onboard，onaverage等。3.Morgansaysthatitistimethatpeoplestoppedstandingbyandrecordingontheirphoneswhentheyseesomeoneintrouble.“vi.＋介詞”搭配remindsb.ofsth.，robsb.ofsth.，gobackto/datefrom，exchange...for...，runoutof，accountfor，agreewith等。4.BorninNanchangCityin1961，ZhiappliedtoworkasateacherattheprimaryschoolinNiyangvillageaftergraduation，thoughhermotherstronglydisagreedwithher.“adj.＋介詞”搭配beknownas，becuriousabout，beproudof，berichin，bedevotedto，befondof等。5.(2022·山西太原期末)Thisroute，knownastheGreatRingLine，wasalsobuiltbyCRCC，andwasthefirstEuropeansubwayprojectdesignedbyaChinesecompany.Group1達(dá)標(biāo)練1．Alionwentallthewayroundawildlifephotographer’struck.Thenitgotuponthebackandlookedathimthroughthewindow，whichwasoneofhishappiestmoments.2．Anetizen(網(wǎng)民)namedJoleen-kunsaidtheirapplicationhadbeenseen，whichwassomethingtobeproudofastheywererespectedbythecommittee.3．LikeoilpaintingandsculptureintheWest，calligraphyisasmuchanartisticformasaspiritualanchorformanyChinesethroughouthistory.4．(2022·四川瀘州期末聯(lián)考)Havingbeenrunningforaboutanother15minutes，IneededtoknowhowImissedhim(he)．5．(2022·福建福州期末)WhenIstudiedEnglishliteratureatuniversity，Ithoughtitbesttobuildmyownlibrary.6．Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology，theresearchersdigitallyrecordtheshapes，colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproducethembyusing3Dprintingtechnology.7．(2022·安徽安慶二模)These24solartermsweresoonabsorbedintoTheTaichucalendar，thefirstwelldocumentedcalendarinthehistoryofChina.8．“Thepianoismybestfriend，”saidXiong，ahighschoolstudentattheChengduSpecialEducationSchool.“Itbringssomuchpleasureintomylife.”9．AccordingtoLing，learnersaged4to60keptpracticingguzhengandstayedincontactwithherviatheInternetduringthethree-monthlockdowninWellington.10．(2022·安徽黃山二檢)Fordownhill，skiersgoatveryhighspeeds，andthecourseisthelongestandhasthelargestvertical(垂直的)drop.Super-Gcourseshavemoregatesandasmallerverticaldrop.Group2真題練1．Cobb，forherpart，startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakwhether/ifshecoulddosoremotely；aboutthree-quartersofthetime，theyagreed.(2022·浙江1月)2．Afriendofhis，WuFan，volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.(2022·全國(guó)甲)3．Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20，planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.(2022·全國(guó)甲)4．May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay，whichwasnamedofficiallybytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.(2022·全國(guó)乙)5．Tocelebratethefestival，anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.(2022·全國(guó)乙)6．Whileridinghisbikehomeonacoldnight，hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.(2021·北京)7．In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser，whoperformedtheirmarriageceremonyin1842.(2021·浙江6月)8．Whileyou’reinChina，MountHuangshanisamusttovisit！(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)9．Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside，nomattertheweatherorseason.(2020·浙江改編)10．Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant，theresearchersfound.(2020·江蘇改編)A(2022·福建三明質(zhì)檢)China’sbiangbiangnoodlesaretakingtheworldbystorm—yetthedish’snamedoesn’t1.______(official)exist.HereinXi’an，thecapitalofChina’sShaanxiProvinceandoneofthecountry’soldestcities，thecraftofnoodle-pullingissotwistedtogetherwiththeblowingsound2._______

thenoiseendedupinspiringthisdish’scuriousname：biangbiangnoodles.Theonomatopoeic(擬聲的)“biang”character3.(mean)toimitatethesoundofflourmixedwithwaterhittingacounter.Itisalso4.(complex)towritethananycharacterintheChineselanguage.Inthepastcenturies，Shaanxi’sbiangbiangnoodleswerenomorethan5.humblelocaldish.Comparedtoothernoodle6.(variety)fromnorth-westChina，biangbiangwerelessknownoutsideofXi’an,7.theywereacomfortingandbelovedfoodamonglocals，forwhomthebackstoryandwrittencharacterwerecommonknowledge.Inrecentyears，biangbiangnoodlesanditsassociatedcustomhavebecomemorewidelyknownacrossChina,8.______(drive)inpartbysocialmediainterestinthemade-upbiangcharacter.Now，thedishispassingthroughlandandseafromitshumblebeginnings9.theheartsandmouthsofdinerstheworldover—abreakthroughthatmanypeoplehaven’texpected10.(be)delightful.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講了陜西的美食——biangbiang面的起源及發(fā)展。1．答案officially解析考查副詞。動(dòng)詞exist(存在)應(yīng)用副詞officially來(lái)修飾，意為“正式地”，故填officially。2．答案that解析考查固定句型。so＋adj./adv.＋that...是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，故填that。3．答案ismeant解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“意在……”，meantodosth.表示“意在做某事”，但主語(yǔ)是人。該句中主語(yǔ)是物，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填ismeant。4．答案morecomplex解析考查形容詞比較級(jí)。由后面的than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞complex(復(fù)雜的)的比較級(jí)morecomplex。5．答案a解析考查冠詞?？蘸蟮拿~dish意為“菜肴”，是可數(shù)名詞，且此處泛指“一道菜”，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞來(lái)修飾，humble的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a，故填a。6．答案varieties解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。variety在此處表示“種類”，是可數(shù)名詞，且由前面的other可知，此處表示“其他的面條種類”，不止一種，應(yīng)用variety的復(fù)數(shù)形式varieties。7．答案but/yet解析考查連詞?？崭袂昂蟮木渥邮寝D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but或yet，故填but/yet。8．答案driven解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面這個(gè)句子，且動(dòng)詞drive和其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填driven。9．答案to解析考查介詞。from...to...是固定搭配，表示“從……到……”，故填to。10．答案tobe解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。expecttodosth.是固定搭配，表示“預(yù)計(jì)做某事”，故填tobe。B(2022·安徽江南十校一模)Chinahasformallymadean1.(announce)ofitsfirstfivenationalparksof230,000squarekilometersfromTibettoHainan，focusingonpreservationofitsmostvaluablebio-resources.GiantPandaNationalParkwillsurelybe2.hitwiththeswellsoftouristswhocomeyearlyforsomeoftheworld’scutestanimals.3.(cover)threeprovincesofSichuan，ShaanxiandGansu，theregionisthepanda’snaturalhabitat.Theintersection(交匯處)ofJilinandHeilongjiangprovincesishometoNortheastChinsTigerandLeopardNationalPark，which4.(set)outtoprotectthehabitatsofthosetwospeciessinceitsstart.Itistheuniquearea5.livebothwildSiberiantigersandSiberianleopards.China’sbest-preservedrainforestisinHainan，theonlyplaceintheworld6.(find)theHainanblack-crestedgibbon.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkprotectsthegibbonsand7.(they)environment.Unlikethosethree，WuyishanNationalParkinFujianProvinceandSanjiangyuanNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlateaufocus8.(much)onpreservingmultipleanimalsthan9.(specific)protectingonespecies.Theyservevariousrareandendangeredspeciesandconservebiodiversity.Now，withsometouristprograms10.place，theseparkswillbeagoodwayfortouriststotrulyexperiencethenaturaloriginalityaswellasexpansiveChineselandscape.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)第一批五個(gè)國(guó)家公園的情況及意義。)1．答案announcement解析考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作賓語(yǔ)，表示“宣布”應(yīng)用名詞，不定冠詞提示用單數(shù)。故填announcement。2．答案a解析考查冠詞。hit此處泛指“受歡迎的事物”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且hit的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。3．答案Covering解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，cover在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)theregion構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Covering。4．答案hasset解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)后文sinceitsstart可知從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)與先行詞NortheastChinsTigerandLeopardNationalPark保持一致，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasset。5．答案where解析考查定語(yǔ)從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞area，從句為倒裝句，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于inthisarea。故填where。6．答案tofind解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。place前有theonly修飾，后面的定語(yǔ)用todo形式，為固定搭配。故填tofind。7．答案their解析考查代詞。修飾空后名詞environment應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。8．答案more解析考查比較級(jí)。結(jié)合后面的than可知，應(yīng)用much的比較級(jí)形式。故填more。9．答案specifically解析考查副詞。修飾空后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填specifically。10．答案in解析考查介詞。結(jié)合句意表示“準(zhǔn)備就緒”可知，應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)inplace。故填in。強(qiáng)化練(三十)語(yǔ)法填空(3)AYoumaythink，saltisjustasimplecookingelement.Actually，saltismuchmorethanthat.Withoutsaltourmuscleswouldnotmove，andourheartwouldnotbeat.Saltmeanslife.Butdonotthinkrubbingsaltinawoundwillhelp.Doingthatwouldbepainfulandnothealthewound.Torubsaltinawoundisanidiomthatmeansto1.(purpose)makeabadsituation2.(bad)．Early3.(explore)understoodthatiftheycouldkeepfoodfresh，theycouldtravellongerdistances.Sotheymadegooduseofsalttopreservefoodandexploredtheworld.Saltwassoimportantthatit4.(trade)pound-for-poundforgoldinthepast.Today，peoplestilluse“tobeworthone’ssalt”5.(describe)apersonwhoisusefulandvaluable.Apersonmightalsobecalled“thesaltoftheearth”，6.__________meansheorsheisdependableandtrustworthy.Inmanyoldstories，spilledsaltisasign7.badluckandtrouble.Eventoday，ifsomepeoplespillsalt，thentheywillthrow8.overtheirshoulder.Theybelieve9.(throw)saltbehindthemscaresthedevil.Butthesestoriesaboutbadluckshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Inotherwords，listentoastoryor10.explanationwithsuspicionanddistrust.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明鹽不僅是生活必需品，還有其他重要的作用，并介紹了一些與鹽相關(guān)的典故。1．答案purposefully解析考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填purposefully。2．答案worse解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)“torubsaltinawound(在傷口上撒鹽)”可知，那么做會(huì)讓事情變得更糟糕，因此應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)worse。3．答案explorers解析考查名詞。設(shè)空處在句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式；根據(jù)空后的they可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填explorers。4．答案wastraded解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)it為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepast可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wastraded。5．答案todescribe解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語(yǔ)，usesth.todosth.意為“用……來(lái)做什么”。故填todescribe。6．答案which解析考查定語(yǔ)從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞為“thesaltoftheearth”。故填which。7．答案of解析考查介詞。asignofbadluck意為“不幸的跡象”，故填of。8．答案it解析考查代詞。設(shè)空處作throw的賓語(yǔ)，指代的是前面提到過(guò)的salt，不可數(shù)，因此用代詞it來(lái)代替。故填it。9．答案throwing解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填throwing。10．答案an解析考查冠詞。與前面的astory并列，表示“一個(gè)解釋”，而explanation的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，因此用an。B(2022·山西運(yùn)城二模)Environmentalistsaregettingmoreworriedabouttheharmfuleffectsoffastfashionontheenvironment.Fastfashionisthemassproductionofclothesatalowcost，whichareputinshopsandonlinequickly1.(create)ahighdemand.Manufacturers(制造商)make100billionitemsofclothingeveryyearandthisisexpectedtogrow2.60percentby2030.Itisreported3.__________manyoftheclothesendupinthetrashandarenotrecycled.Thewaypeoplearebuyingclothesalsoaddstotheproblemofclothingwaste.Manyyearsago，peoplewenttostoresand4.(try)clotheson.Theytookmoretimeandthought5.(careful)beforetheyboughtclothes.Theyalsoworethemforamuch6.(long)timecomparedwithcurrentconsumers.Today，peopleordercheapclothesontheInternetfor7.(convenient)andiftheydon’tlikethem，theythrowthemaway.Thisispossiblyleadingto8.___________throwawaysociety.Anothernegativeeffectontheenvironmentthatcannot9.(ignore)iscausedbythechemicalsusedtomaketheclothes.Thesechemicalscausepollutiontotheenvironmentaswellashealthproblemsforpeople10.(work)inclothesfactories.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了快時(shí)尚給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的有害影響。)1．答案tocreate解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意可知，此處用所給動(dòng)詞的不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填tocreate。2．答案by解析考查介詞。此處表示“增加的幅度”，應(yīng)用介詞by。3．答案that解析考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，It是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是空處引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)、意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)。Itisreportedthat...表示“據(jù)報(bào)道……”。故填that。4．答案tried解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Manyyearsago及并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞went可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填tried。5．答案carefully解析考查副詞。此處用所給形容詞的副詞形式修飾動(dòng)詞thought。故填carefully。6．答案longer解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)空后的“comparedwithcurrentconsumers”及空前的修飾詞much可知，此處用所給形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填longer。7．答案convenience解析考查名詞。此處用所給形容詞的名詞形式作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，convenience意為“方便”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填convenience。8．答案a解析考查冠詞。此處是泛指“一個(gè)拋棄型社會(huì)”，故用不定冠詞，throwaway的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。9．答案beignored解析考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子可知，that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞Anothernegativeeffect，與動(dòng)詞ignore為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因?yàn)榭涨坝星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can，故填beignored。10．答案working解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知，該空用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞work與其邏輯主語(yǔ)people存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故此處用所給動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞people。故填working。CAncientarchitectureinChinastandsout1.itsfinewoodenstructures，theelegantoutsideandbeautifuldecoration.Tosurvivethefrequentfloodsandothernaturaldisasters，wood2._______(prefer)formostarchitecturalstructuresinancientChina.China’s3.(tradition)woodenstructureswerequitecomplicatedlyformed，sometimeswithoutanynails!Apartfromthis，existingexamplesofancientChinesearchitecturearealso4.(wide)praisedforitselegantoutlinesandvariousfeatures，suchasoverhangingeaves(屋檐)，upturnedroofcorners，anddifferent5.(shape)ofroofs.Theuniqueoutsidenotonlysatisfiedapracticalfunction，butalsomade6.possibleforthebuildingstohavewonderfulappearances.ArchitectsinancientChina，7.paidspecialattentiontodecoration，useddifferentcolorsorpaintingsaccordingtoparticularbuildingfunctionsorlocalcustoms.Carvedbeams，paintedrafters(椽子)，variouspatterns，carvedboardsandwallpaintingswereused8.(add)acolorfulandbeautifulstyletotheinside.9.outsideofbuildingswasdecoratedwithstonelions，screenwalls，decorativecolumns，aswellasflowers.Manyancientbuildings10.(design)byfamousarchitectsattractanumberoftouristseveryyear.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)的古建筑，介紹了其特點(diǎn)和獨(dú)特的外觀等情況。1．答案for解析考查介詞。結(jié)合句意表示“因?yàn)椤睉?yīng)用介詞for。故填for。2．答案waspreferred解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)空后的inancientChina可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為wood，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填waspreferred。3．答案traditional解析考查形容詞。修飾空后名詞structures應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填traditional。4．答案widely解析考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞widely，表示“廣泛地”，wide作副詞時(shí)表示“寬地”不符合語(yǔ)境。故填widely。5．答案shapes解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。shape為可數(shù)名詞，由different修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填shapes。6．答案it解析考查形式賓語(yǔ)。make后跟it作形式賓語(yǔ)，這里真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的tohavewonderfulappearances，故填it。7．答案who解析考查定語(yǔ)從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Architects，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。8．答案toadd解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。表示“被用來(lái)做某事”的短語(yǔ)為beusedtodosth.。故填toadd。9．答案The解析考查冠詞。此處特指古建筑的外部，outside前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填The。10．答案designed解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，design在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)buildings構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填designed。DFrenchfriesarefriedpotatoescutintostrips.Butdo