01：科學新知 Future food -2023中考英語外刊閱讀原創(chuàng)試題（全國）-中考英語備考資料重點匯總知識點歸納

01：科學新知Futurefood-2023中考英語外刊原創(chuàng)題外刊原文:主題語境：人與社會型 ：■WhyCellularMeat?Theworid'spopulationisexpectedtogrowtonearly10billionby2050,accordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.That*salmost2billionmorepeoplethantherearetoday.EricSchulzeisavicepresidentatMemphisMeats.Hethinksfeedingsomanypeoplewillbetough.FAOsayspeoplecouldeat73%主題語境：人與社會型 ：■WhyCellularMeat?Theworid'spopulationisexpectedtogrowtonearly10billionby2050,accordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.That*salmost2billionmorepeoplethantherearetoday.EricSchulzeisavicepresidentatMemphisMeats.Hethinksfeedingsomanypeoplewillbetough.FAOsayspeoplecouldeat73%moremeatin2050."Withcurrentmeatproductionmethods,therearen'tenoughresources”suchaslandandwatertomeetthatneed,SchulzetoldTIMEforKids.Traditionalmeatproductionalsorequireslotsofcows.Andcowsreleasemethane（甲烷），agaswhichtrapsheatintheatmosphere,whichcontributestoclimatechange.Raisingcowsandotherlivestocktakesupspace,too.Currently,77%oftheworld'sfarmlandisusedtogrowcropstofeedlivestockorfortheanimalstograzeon.Usingmorelandforlivestockwillleadtodeforestation.Butcellular-meatproductionrequiresfewercowsandlessland.Schulzesaysthecellstakenduringoneextractioncanmakemoremeatthan"anysingleanimalcouldeverproduce.”Justhowmuchlandisneeded?”Youonlyneedthelandrequiredforthefacility（設備）''wherethemeatismade,ElliotSwartztoldTFK.He'sascientistattheGoodFoodInstitute,agroupthatpromotescellularmeatandplant-based■‘meat”.話題內容：未來人類食物....語篇類說 明 文Futurefood■，InMarch2017,about25peoplewereinvitedtoakitcheninSanFrancisco,California,foratastingevent.Onthemenu?Friedchicken."ThisissomeoftliebestfriedchickenI'veeverhad,“oneguestsaid.Thecompliment（夸贊）wasextraspecialconsideringthesourceofthemeat.IthadbeengrowninalabbyscientistsfromMemphisMeats.Thecompanymakesmeatbysafelyextracting（提取）cellsfromanimalssuchaschickens,ducks,andcows.Thenitfeedsthecellsnutrients（營養(yǎng)物）.Thosecellsgrowandmu加漢y（增加），formingmuscle,whichismeat.MemphisMeatsisoneofseveralcompaniesintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworldmakingcellular（細胞的），orlab-grown,meat.Manypeoplethinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood.Othersaren'tsosure.FuturefoodInMarch2017,about25peoplewereinvitedtoakitcheninSanFrancisco,California,foratastingevent.Onthemenu?Friedchicken,nThisissomeofthebestfriedchickenI'veeverhad,”oneguestsaid.Thecomplimentwasextraspecialconsideringthesourceofthemeat.IthadbeengrowninalabbyscientistsfromMemphisMeats.Thecompanymakesmeatbysafelyextractingcellsfromanimalssuchaschickens,ducks,andcows.Thenitfeedsthecellsnutrients.Thosecellsgrowandmultiply,formingmuscle,whichismeat.MemphisMeatsisoneofseveralcompaniesintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworldmakingcellular（細胞的）,orlab-grown,meat.Manypeoplethinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood.Othersaren'tsosure.WhyCellularMeat?Theworld'spopulationsexpectedtogrowtonearly1obillionby2050,accordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.That*salmost2billionmorepeoplethantherearetoday.EricSchulzeisavicepresidentatMemphisMeats.Hethinksfeedingsomanypeoplewillbetough.FAOsayspeoplecouldeat73%moremeatin2050.nWithcurrentmeatproductionmethods,therearen'tenoughresourcessuchaslandandwatertomeetthatneed,SchulzetoldTIMEforKids.Traditionalmeatproductionalsorequireslotsofcows.Andcowsreleasemethane（甲烷）,agaswhichtrapsheatintheatmosphere,whichcontributestoclimatechange.Raisingcowsandotherlivestocktakesupspace,too.Currently,77%oftheworld'sfarmlandisusedtogrowcropstofeedlivestock（家畜）orfortheanimalstograzeon（掠過；吃）.Usingmorelandforlivestockwillleadtodeforestation（采伐森林）.Butcellular-meatproductionrequiresfewercowsandlessland.Schulzesaysthecellstakenduringoneextractioncanmakemoremeatthananysingleanimalcouldeverproduce.Justhowmuchlandisneeded?nYouonlyneedthelandrequiredforthefacility“wherethemeatismade,ElliotSwartztoldTFK.He'sascientistattheGoodFoodInstitute,agroupthatpromotescellularmeatandplant-basedmeat.核心詞匯：.complimentn./v.贊美，恭維xHe'salwayscriticizingher,andneverpaysheracompliment.他總是批評她，從來也不恭維一句。xShecomplimentedhimonhisexcellentGerman,她有獎他德語棒極了。.extractv.提取，提煉；摘錄；獲得xUsefulchemicalscanbeextractedfromcoal.從煤中能提煉出有用的化學物質。xLanguageteachersoftenextractexamplesfromgrammarbooks.語言教師常從語法書里摘錄例子。.nutrientn.營養(yǎng)物，營養(yǎng)品，養(yǎng)分，養(yǎng)料xPlantsdrawmineralsandothernutrientsfromthesoil.植物從土壤中吸取礦物質和其他養(yǎng)分。.multiplyv,乘；增加；繁殖xThesecreaturescanmultiplyquickly.這些動物能迅速繁殖。xThepopulationofthecityismultiplyingrapidly.該市人口正迅速上也增力口。.releasev.釋放；公布n.釋放；發(fā)行；排放xThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.新軟件計戈U四月份發(fā)行。xTheseasstoreheatandreleaseitgraduallyduringcoldperiods海洋儲存熱量，并在寒冷季節(jié)里慢慢地把它釋放出來。.trapn.陷阱/夾子/羅網(wǎng)；圈套，騙局v.使陷入困境；設陷阱捕捉；誘騙,抓捕xThefoxwascaughtinthetrap.狐貍在陷阱里被套住。xHerfingergottrappedinthedoor.她的手指被門夾住了。.contributetov,有助于；促成；投稿；捐獻；貢獻x|believethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld我相信我們每一個人都能夠對世界的未來有所貢獻。xThestudyfoundthatthis kindoffoodcontributedtoweightloseordecreaseinbodyfat,.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種食物有助于減肥或減少體脂?！?takeup拿起；占用，占據(jù)；開始從事xHowmuchroomw川thenewdesktakeup?新書桌會占據(jù)多大的空間？xHewaseagertotakeupsomejob.他熱切的要開始從事一些工作。.facilityn.設施；才能，天賦xThehoteloffersawiderangeoffacilities.這家酒店提供各種各樣的設施。xShehasafacilityforlanguages.她有語言天賦。.promotev.促進；促銷；晉升xPhysicalactivitypromotesgoodhealth.體育活動促進身體健康。xOnly13%thinkthey'llgetpromoted.只有13%的員工認為他們會得到晉升xThecompanyarestillpromotingtheirnewproducts.這家公司還在促銷他們的新產(chǎn)品。參考譯文：2017年3月，大約有25人被邀請到加州舊金山的一間廚房參加一場品酒活動。有什么在菜單上？炸雞，“這是我吃過的最好的炸雞之一，”一位客人說?？紤]到肉的來源，這種贊美是非常特別的。它是由孟菲斯肉類公司的科學家們在實驗室里種植的。該公司通過從雞、鴨和牛等動物中安全提取細胞來生產(chǎn)肉類。然后它為細胞提供營養(yǎng)物質。這些細胞生長和繁殖，形成肌肉，也就是肉。孟菲斯肉類公司是美國和世界各地生產(chǎn)細胞或實驗室種植肉類的公司之一。許多人認為這比飼養(yǎng)動物覓食對地球更好。其他人則不那么確定。為什么是細胞肉？根據(jù)聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織的數(shù)據(jù)，到2050年，世界人口預計將增長到近100億。這比現(xiàn)在多出了近20億人。埃里克?舒爾策是孟菲斯肉類公司的副總裁。他認為養(yǎng)活這么多人會很困難。糧農(nóng)組織表示，到2050年，人們可以多吃73%的肉。舒爾茨告訴《兒童時代》雜志說：“根據(jù)目前的肉類生產(chǎn)方法，目前還沒有土地和水等足夠的資源來滿足這種需求。傳統(tǒng)的肉類生產(chǎn)也需要大量的奶牛。奶牛會釋放甲烷，這是一種將熱量困在大氣中的氣體，從而導致氣候變化。飼養(yǎng)奶牛和其他牲畜也占用了空間。目前，世界上77%的農(nóng)田用于種植或飼養(yǎng)牲畜。使用更多的土地飼養(yǎng)牲畜將導致森林砍伐。但是細胞肉的生產(chǎn)需要更少的奶牛和更少的土地。舒爾茨說，在一次提取過程中提取的細胞所能產(chǎn)生的肉比任何一種動物都多。到底需要多少土地呢？埃利奧特?斯沃茨告訴TFK,“你只需要工廠所需的土地就可以了。”他是美食研究所的科學家，這是一個促進細胞肉和植物性肉的組織。創(chuàng)試題VocabularI.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.1.safelyextractcellsfromanimals2.lab-grownmeattrapheatintheatmospherecontributetoclimatechangetakeupspacegrazeonleadtodeforestationplant-basedHmeatILCompleteeachsentencewiththeproperformofthegivenwordsorphrasescontributetoinviteproduceraisereleaserequiresourcetrapSmokinghisearlydeath.OrangesareagoodofvitaminC.Hepunchedthepillowinanefforttohisanger.Youarebylawtostopyourcarafteranaccident.Themeatfromapigiscalledpork,bacon,orham.AgreenhousestayswarmbecausetheglasstheheatofthesunShealotofpeopletothepartybuthalfofthemdidn'tturnup.Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbyhergrandparents.ReadingcomprehensionChoosethebestanswer.Whatisspecialaboutthefriedchickenmentionedinpara.l?Itismadebyextractingcellsfromplants.Itismadebymeatwhichwasgrowninalabbyscientists.Itisthemostdeliciousfriedchickenpeoplewilleverhave.Onlythosewhowereinvitedtotryithadthechancetoeatit.Accordingtothetext,thecellularmeatdiscussedis.alsocalledlab-grownmeatmadebyextractingcellsfrompigsproducedbyacompanynamedMemphisMeatsbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfoodA.(1)(3) B.(l)(4) C.(2)(3) D.(2)(4)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedasareasonforturningtocellularmeat?Therewillbealargerpopulationinthefuture.Traditionalmeatproductionmethodsleadtothepollutionoftheenvironment.Therewillcertainlybealackofresourcesifweareunabletofindnewmeatproductionmethods.Traditionalmeatproductionmethodshavefailedtomeetpeople'sneedformeatintermsoftaste.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat?cellularmeatrequiresnolandforproductioncellularmeatcanhelpwithenvironmentalproblemsC.everyonesupportscellularmeatbecauseitiseco-friendlyD.cellularmeatisthekeysolutiontotheproblemofagrowingpopulationSentensewritingManypeoplethinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood.句型:(doing)sthisbetterthan(doing)sth(做).??比(做)..?更好仿寫:對于學生來說.早起比晚睡更好。Theworld'spopulationisexpectedtogrowtonearlylobillionby2050,accordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).句型1)beexpectedtodosth預計做某事仿寫1)肉類價格預計會上升。句型2)accordingto...根據(jù)…仿寫2)根據(jù)調查，大多數(shù)學生假期會出去旅游?！驹囶}答案】Vocabulary.安全地從動物身上提取細胞.人造肉.在熱量封存在大氣中.導致氣候變化.占用空間.吃/吃草.導致森林砍伐.素食“肉”/植物類的“肉”contributedtosourcereleaserequiredproducedtrapsinvitedraisedReadingcomprehension1-4BADBSentencewritingGettingupearlyisbetterthanstayinguplateforstudents.1)Thepriceofmeatisexpectedtorise.2)Accordingtothesurvey,moststudentswillgotravellingduringtheirvacation.中考題型精選［短文首字母填空WaystoreducefoodwasteFoodwasteisabigproblemaroundtheworld.Whilesomepeoplet1awayunwantedfood,lotsofpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldfacefoodshortages.Inordertoreducefoodwaste,manyc2intheworldlikeGermanandFrancehavefoodbanks.Peopleandgrocerystorescangiveextrafoodtothemandtheycangivethefoodtot3inneed.ShanghaiOasisopenedChina'sfirstfoodbankin2015.Infiveyears,itsavedsevenmilliontonsoffoodandh4760,000people.Manyfruitsandv5gotowastebecausetheylookugly.Forexample,about25to30percentofcarrotsdon'tmakeittothestorebecauseoftheir16.Sotrytobuyuglyfoodnexttime,sinceitisj7asgoodas"normal"food.ManyChineserestaurantsaretellingpeopletoo8dishesbyusingthe"N-l^formula."N”s9forthenumberofpeopleinyourgroup.Soifyou'reinagroupofs10people,youshouldorderfivedishes.Toreducefoodwasteisabigtask,anditneedstime.Everyonecandosomethingtomakeadifference.答案與解析1.(t)hrow2.(c)ountries3.(t)hose4.(h)elped5.(v)egetables6.(l)ooks7.(j)ust 8.(o)rder9.(s)tands10.(s)ixL句意：當一些人扔掉不想要的食物時，世界上其他地方的很多人面臨食物短缺。根據(jù)"unwantedfood,lotsofpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldfacefoodshortages.”可知，此處指“扔掉”，用固定短語throwaway表示，此處是陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為you,動詞用