橋頭跳車翻譯

TheDiscussedontheIssuesofBumpatBridge’sEndAbstract:ServicesandBridgeConstructionexistBumpatendofbridgeanalysis,andproposeeffectivepreventionandcontrolmeasures,toachievequalitycontrol.泊K纏e膏y繼w攔o捕r捎d批s絲雁:抵裕B暮u登m倍p據(jù)搜a這t動箱e孩n蒸d駛趨o懷f針束b蓬r喉i法d特g滑e指,仆t務(wù)h劣e董米r陪e廢a有s薯o聽n井s遼夕f室o勵r葉綿a閘n咸a乒l把y郊s勝i勾s嶄,腳q散u參a喊l(fā)閉i導(dǎo)t茫y閥滑o犧f鼻袍c沈o逗n沃s艇t獄r哨u場c吧t施i們o怖n變,況q肌u誕a服l配i奔t得y溝工c墳o黎n顫t緣r頂o落l昌達B鐮u奇m壤p貨像a最t怠健e測n響d修淺o扣f嶺準(zhǔn)b僻r品i辮d塊g旗e正脈a遼n咐a柜l裹y供s距i友s鵝莊o蘇f乒腫t遍h役e敲完r育e掌a豬s奸o雕n扛s愛粥:鬧Bumpatendofbridge接旋h泥a碧r揀m公越i逝s荒圍d我o芒n節(jié)e蛾問:帆西f脅o哥r撞處t董r胸a砍f園f屯i怪c熄尼s豬a至f廈e汽t昂y訓(xùn),模撕r壘e體d翁u樹c開e畢嬌s稻p鞏e皺e唱d倆逢a曬f先f補e眠c嗽t晴浴v國e背h恐i難c花l桌e逐蜓o壩p吩e常r哥a理t植i猛n突g鋸誘c豐o埋s悶t御s鏟鈴a們n偽d躍擁a蜜c才c洲e予l梅e頓r臉a沉t喂e獄山b幣r鏟i愉d辜g滋e呈蜓a宵n臥d顆印r君o灰a避d缸吩d只i隨s征e忙a求s疲e妖s效,耀嘆t慧h肥e畫執(zhí)b涉r疾i妄d推g下e雙洗o塞n豎瞧t庫h盲e頃脆r惡o霸a躬d小只r精u緣n蜜n垮i菠n菌g今揉g例r教e忍a嚴(yán)t旦隊i掘m晝p桑a譯c嬸t糟.捆汗B辣u爽m傍p錫算a掠t甲廣e掩n飼d負鴉o育f稍歡b現(xiàn)r螞i括d警g漿e偷愧c眾a鏈u延s拉e瓦d累顧a描t衛(wèi)t衣r眉i柜b宴u吐t謎e旬d匠長t瀉h他e閣趴u日n來e貧v停e伸n免磨s聯(lián)u爺b掃s音i頓d謝e損n為c予e欲,看穴s約t輸i進f啄f棉n澆e磚s索s柳拋m伙u嬸t旱a紹t亡i爬o址n肢隆a奸n聾d簡舅t肥h體e寺設(shè)s鉆p賣e貍e具d買企w莖i蹤t拜h怕榮t搜h思e柿燕v賴e宰h壘i受c剖l雁e草榜i掠t宗s貌e害l持f華咐a健n任t架i及-嗽v柔i拘b鍵r得a尖t矮i殼o面n識濾p喉r控o墓p軌e月r噸t勺i誕e預(yù)s級.炮溪C暴i辰t舞y紡折t產(chǎn)r題a患f尚f捐i行c揀記o摘n碧栽t幅h擔(dān)e翻糖r集o唐a海d鼓,薪浸t賣h武e苗蝕m過a慶i步n課醫(yī)r輝o完a撕d羽攻i墊s邊覺f標(biāo)l室e道x量i忽b給l棗e瘦鎖a斧n喜d栽論r匹i攻g兵i誕d底育s腔t廉r友u躍c帆t謹(jǐn)u阻r省e墻章i地s佩驚a腫湖l堆i本n勞k卡蓋b移e喬t沿w優(yōu)e簽e昏n捉室u位n媽e捷v招e原n孫信s版u軌b秤s允i鑒d協(xié)e系n修c雨e膝谷o延c貞c癢u災(zāi)r誠r漏e淡d贏,柴拉A坐b合u抽t扶m聯(lián)e春n淡t泊歸p代r旅o撇d總u素c鏡e鑰d眾釋t夠h紙e罵能w坡r馳o鴨n輪g邀勺r氧e績s房u兩l禮t尤.漏孕R饑o克a營d蓬b索e磨d飛究a顯n績d看崖b際r不i盛d伙g報e睜s具,弄間r該o城a覽d初-茅c朋o匆m爸p母o展n刃e狀n療t彎雹m霞a霉t己e渡r鋸i造a航l仆s儲,角奔s躁t蒜i蛙f尚f敬n公e赤s京s笑,包捧s策t恩r筒e溜n慎g務(wù)t喘h(huán)納,繳益e云x柔p僵a耽n咬s卷i屈o繡n水宣a歲n記d漆羽s籍h汪r抓i哄n披k伶a算g惱e姐鞋t洞h侮e勵r忍e沈容i框s潮斧a棄防d搖i叫f捎f崗e佩r界e拖n遷c逆e胸,妻閃B文r進i論d維g貪e況圖C貌o殼n怕n氏e回c鹿t葛i滾o魔n許世a落n枯d仁告s壽t虹r辨e蒜s賊s爹攜w維h窗e魔n堆求t己h戒e沃鼓s澇t情r愧e者s蕩s書耕b陡e永c澡o寧m色e遭s和翁c車o松n扔c宜e思n債t貝r不a級t吹e難d趴.租輛T屢h嬸e口名l永o項a泊d貼,的擁t息h踩e致解w皺e曾i它g持h揀t乘,貧葉t期h抄e歪僻r們o乒l垃e戚欺o掠f親吃n才a透t歉u棄r暢a職l來學(xué)f房a謝c狼t賽o荷r共s并,炸聰t荒h華e存緩b嫂r憑i翠d枯g殃e芝s兼溜a晴n行d亂煌r冰o馬a堡d鳴s斗腹s咽i混m求u貌l歲t伍a歌n線e孝o鑄u劫s秒l嫩y察話s垃e天t駛t診l析e困m企e擦n燭t歐,警雄B藍u及t奮繁b禍o赴t享h汁險t各h齡e鋤步s紫e移t訴t逢l陡e邁m延e父n彈t忙敗t銷h對e便r汪e株譯i沿s遺踩a凈患b嚇i彎g玻惹d留i閃f霞f沖e貿(mào)r朋e勵n性c湖e活宿i忘n丑嚇t橫h宇e捕偉s蒙e孤t濁t(yī)平l貸e代m豬e控n體t介海r艙o串a(chǎn)風(fēng)d慕缺b弟r尼i李d拌g奔e卻杠t烘h鹽a森n陷太t印h引e工勾s枝e變t班t虎l腫e酷m找e墳n侵t攤積a臨m雙o炕u規(guī)n妹t駁,丟買a醉n堅d譽晝f降o葬r釀m鐮唯t駁h杜e客鑒w餃r笨o歷n班g貴報D綠e卸s刊k冒,克韻l酒e川a盞d耕香t繳o但效t膊r哀a趁f嶺f靠i仍c恐歲w淚h凍e夢n毫慣B近u蝦m脂p糊鵝a波t振掌e有n臨d千谷o狹f臨果b甘r閘i蹈d與g艘e社.Mainlyfromthefollowingaspects:1,Abutmentandtheembankmentsettlementdifference:Abutmentaregenerallymadebasedreinforcement(asusedtoexpandinfrastructure,thefoundationofthepiles,etc.),thesettlementamountisverysmall.Uponcompletionofabutmentsettlementvisualizationzero.AndtheEmbankmentbecauseoftheinherentnatureofcompressioncreep,Evenafterthefullcompactionisdifficulttoavoidthesoil-basedfactorssuchastheconsolidationofthesettlement,needtobeopenforalongerperiodoftimecanbecomemorestable.Afterthesettlementembankmentbythenaturalsettlementofthefoundationandfillthesettlementoftwoparts.Embankmentforcesintheverticalloadsandvehiclevibrationandshockloads,theroadbedfillhavebeengraduallyreduced,lowerporosity,Densityisgraduallyincreasing,thusinacertainperiodoftimehaveEmbankmentsettlement.2,Poordrainageandfillingloss:BridgeandtheEmbankmentintheconnectingarea,theexistenceofcracks,rainwaterinfiltrationalongtheslot,whereseepagerightabutmentgenerallydonothaveadestabilizingrole,butrightsoiltypefillereasilycreateerosionandsoften,Specialbodytofillenoughcompaction,erosionandeasytosoften,lowerintensity,leadingtofilldeformation.Theimpactofexternalloadrole,itwillinevitablyresultinsubsidencebridgeroadbed.3,Thebridgeandsoftfillinghigh-precisetreatmentmeasuressuchas:Ifroadbedthroughthesoftsoilorusinghighembankmentprogramwillexistafterthelargersettlement;BridgeStructuresselectionpileorexpansionofinfrastructureandotherforms,afterthesettlementvarywidely;SoftGroundsectionsofdifferentmethodsofhandlingtheembankmentfillingrateandthecontrolofdifferentmaterials,itseffectsareverydifferent;Inconsideringabutmentstructure,oftenoverlookedabutmentembankmentandtheappropriateinterface(ieconstructionandcontrolisoftentheexistenceofa"BridgetoBridge,thewayitshouldbedone."phenomenon),Insomepartsofthedesignconnectingjoints,somedesignedforpavement,asroadbedunevensettlementexist,inthecoursewillinevitablyleadtocracks.Althoughsomeconsidersettingupjointboardregulationconnectingpartsoftheunevensettlement,ButrightunderjointboardendoftheEmbankmentsitewerenotprocessed,takeoneendplatedirectlyunderthegeneralland-based,thusformedthereDepression,whichapproachslabslide.Moreover,thedesignrightabutmentandembankmentadjacenttothesettlementdifferenceconsideringmoreEndofbridgeonthesettlementafterthecompletionofthelongitudinalchangesinadequateattention,resultinginEndofbridgeofslopunsound,PointmutationsinAbutmentisoftenreduced,resultingBumpatendofbridgephenomenon.4,Constructionqualitycontrollax:Constructionprocessesdonotmeettherequirements,ifBackfillingexcessivelyhighspeed.Settlementfaster,armsbackwallStructuressuchastheextrusionrelativelylarger.Ifthebermorretainingwallinfrontofthestageandmasonrynotpromptly,itmayleadslipsoil,affectingoperatingresultsmechanicalcompaction,seriousharmwillbeabridge.Backfill,theconstructionperiodnarrowerfacemorestringentrequirements,isclosetothedeckoftheplanefillirregularshape,Ifthelackofpropercompactionmachines,artificialcompaction,densitydifficulttoreach;Evenifcompactionmachinery,Becauseofthetopography,sidewalk,surfaceandmechanicalandotherrestrictions,fillingbridgecompactiondensitywillbeverydifficulttoachieve,especiallytheposteriorwallofAbutmentandwingwallsmedialfill,compactedtoachieveacertaindensitydemandsmoredifficult.Notinstrictaccordancewiththe"Trichotomy"(fillinglayered,stratifiedRCC,delaminationdetection)construction,notstrictlyfillersuchasqualitycanalsoleadtoBumpatendofbridge.Bumpatendofbridgediseasepreventionandqualitycontrol:1.ReasonableprovisionBridgeStructures:StructurespromisedtosetupbridgeabutmentconsiderationEmbankmentonthegeologicalconditions,fillheight,thelengthofembankment,Sourcesandfillembankmentsettlementandotherissues,chooseappropriateBridgelocation,Spanandrearabutmentprotectionworkstrytoavoidlarge-spanbridgesandculvertssmallriver.2,ReinforcementbeforeBackfillingthefoundation:Backhandlesoftground,Bumpatendofbridgeisthecontroloftheimportantmeasures.Soft-handlingrightnowthathavealottodealwith,suchasdrainageconsolidation,forTufa,vibrationrubblepile.isaprovenandeffectivemethod.Accordingtotheactualsituation,inordertoimprovetheperformanceofthefoundation,andimprovethebearingcapacityandreducesettlement,AbutmentandthenarrowbridgeembankmentdifferentialsettlementtoavoidAbutment.Takingintoaccountthebridgemostofthehigh-fillconstruction,thebridgeitmayconsiderlessmaterialfillingtheflyash,goodandshouldbecontrolledfillingwidth,thewidthprohibitedbyfillingenoughforaffixedColombo,duringtheraintocauselandslides,roadbedbridgeleadingtoinstabilityandsettlement.Incidentssuchasthehigh-YuLufillconstruction,asaresultofrainstormcausedlandslides,lateraltowithin3mlayerstructurecrackingphenomenon.3,Foraspecialgeologicalfill:Shanghaiforordinaryhighwaterlevel,Mostroadbedfillahigherwatercontentcanbetargetedtotakelimesoil,moisturecontrolembankment,constructionqualityassurance.Geologicalworseforthescene,thewaterlevelhigh,itdifficulttocontrolthequalityofconstructionofthebridge,mayalsoconsiderthebridge10-15meters,D0.5musedthecementmixingpile(cinquefoillayout),thenSingaporebridge,Meanwhilefillmaterialavailableballastintervalterritories,"one-third"backfill.Inaddition,thedesignisoftenabutmentinthewater,inordertoensurethequalityofAbutmentafterfillingandBridgeConstruction,EndofbridgerightoftheneedfortreatmentisinTai'anZhujajiaoChaoyangBridgeRoadNo.2asanexample,itsapproach:firstconsiderationP0#abutment(inthewater)thattheconstructionofadamusedfortheoriginalriverbedaftertreatment,toensureP0#AbutmentBackfillconstruction.Secondlyintoaccountifwedonot,itwillresultfromtheabutmentfillingpiledrainaffectingtheslopingbridgeaccessroadquality.Meanwhileconsiderationtotheconstructioncosts,PileFoundationConstructionplatform,theupperstructureofSlabConstructiontomold,UNSCOMusedinthemiddleofariverdam,therightabutmentCESDafterbackfillinglayeredconstruction.Aftertreatmentinatimelyandrevetmentconstruction,inordertoensurethatfillfrombeingwashedaway,theaccompanyinggraphindicate.EndofbridgeTreatmentConstructionMap4,Strictlycontrolthequalityofpackingandpackingmaterialselection:Bridgeafterfillingtointernalfrictionanglegreaterpermeabilitymaterial,itiseasytocontrolcompactionquality,reducecompressionsubgradesettlement;Meanwhile,SelectionofinternalfrictionanglelargerfillerisalsoconducivetoChinaandAbutmentbackintothecrevicerainalongtheBlindditchorintotheventpipesmoothroadbedoutside.Takingintoaccountthehighbridgefilllargerforces,drainageandotherfactors,maychoosetouselight,permeablematerial,Ifpearlssalt,smoothstrictconstruction,ensuringthequalityoffiller.5,Theroadbridgestructureforspecialtreatment:Considerabutmentwiththeabutmentsurfaceofthestructure,materials,herself,expansionandcontractionwithregardtothedifferences,inordertoitsverticalandhorizontalabletorideagradualtransition,Pillowcantakebeamandsetupjointboardandinstallathicker-buriedmeasures.6,Theconstructionofthenewbridgeslopeoftheapplication:Fillingbridgeabutmentqualitycontrolisparticularlyimportant,fillingifnotproperlycontrolled,thereareoftenBumpatendofbridgethisphenomenon,forthecontrolofthedisease,followingthenewtechnologyavailabletocontrol.(1)TheinstallationofhorizontalventpipesorblindDitch:Backroadbedconstruction,intheoriginalsoilarchinstallingventpipesorblindgroove,asshowninthefollowingfigure:inthebasement,firsttothebasementforthenecessarytreatment,andthenfillingtransverseslopeof3%-4%ofthecompactionofclayhumps,Archagaininsoildugintoatwo-wayslopesofthetrench,TheninAbutmentbehindthewidescopeforalayerofliningmaterial(Thethresholdcanbefeltornylonmembraneshingleabove).Groovetothelayingofaholesurroundedbyhardplasticpipes(diametergenerallynotlessthan10cm)Plasticventpipeexportsstretchofroadbed,thenthehardplasticpipessurroundedreclaimedwaterpermeability,andThelargersizegravelmaterials,andthenafterfillinglayeredpermeablematerialuntilthetopofroadbed.Blindhorizontalgrooveonthesamesettingandremoveventpipes,toinfiltratethepermeabilitycoefficienttrenchfillingmaterial.Usinggeotextileparcelsblindditchexit,anditsdonethenecessarytreatment.(2)BackfillingThechoiceofmaterialsandconstruction:BumpatendofbridgethecausesCompressionissubgradesettlementandthesettlementofthefoundation,BackOfficefillinginternalfrictionangleofthesmallermaterial,Moreover,thequalityofcompaction,theroadcompressiongenerallylargersettlement,inordertoguaranteetheBackOfficeembankmentstability,Fillingshoulduseitsfrictionanglewithinthelargerpermeabilitymaterial,suchasgravel,etc.canbebettertoreducethecompressionsubgradesettlement,theotherithelpsAbutmentbackintothecrevicewhichstormwaterditchalongblindorventpipesmoothdischargeembankmentoutside.Abutmentfillingbehindpermeablematerials,shouldmeetcertainlength,widthandheightrequirements,undernormalcircumstances,BackpackinglinewiththedirectionlengthfromthetopofthetailwingwallsAbutmentisnotlessthan2mhighincrease,fromthebottomedgecontrolbaselengthofnotlessthan2m,archbridgeabutmentfillingshallbenotlessthanthelengthofAbutment'shigh-3-4times.Backwiththeroadbedborder,inordertoguaranteethequalityofconnection,thegeneralleftaroadbedslopes,slopegradientoflessthan1:1(alsoavailableheightformconnections).Concludingremarks:Bumpatendofbridgepreventionandtreatment,constructionqualitycontrolisalong-termandarduouswork,ConstructioninstrictaccordancewiththeStandardOperatingProcedures,theneedtobuildanddesigners,Supervisor,andotherstakeholderssuchasthevariousunitsworktogethertocompletethehopethatthroughjointefforts,reallyBumpatendofbridgecanbefurthercontrolledandresolved.關(guān)于橋頭跳車問題的論述摘要：對市政路橋工程施工中存在橋頭跳車問題進行分析，并提出有效的防治措施，以達到施工質(zhì)量控制的目的。關(guān)鍵字：橋頭跳車

原因分析

施工質(zhì)量

質(zhì)量控制一、橋頭跳車的原因分析：橋頭跳車危害表現(xiàn)為：影響行車安全、降低行車速度、影響車輛運營費用和加速橋梁及路面的病害，對道路橋梁的運行影響極大。引起橋頭跳車的主要原因有不均勻沉降、剛度突變和車速與車輛本身的抗振性能等。就城市道路路況而言，主要是柔性道路與剛性結(jié)構(gòu)物之間的連接處發(fā)生不均勻沉降，產(chǎn)生錯臺所致。橋梁與路基、路面的組成材料、剛度、強度、脹縮性等存在差異，且橋頭連接處受力時易形成集中應(yīng)力。在車輛荷載、結(jié)構(gòu)自重、自然因素作用下，橋梁與道路同時發(fā)生沉降，但兩者的沉降量有很大差異，道路的沉降量遠大于橋梁的沉降量，形成錯臺，導(dǎo)致行車時發(fā)生橋頭跳車。主要從以下幾方面進行分析：1、橋臺與路堤間的沉降差：橋臺基礎(chǔ)一般都作了加固處理（如采用擴大基礎(chǔ)、樁基礎(chǔ)等）,沉降量很小。建成后的橋臺沉降可視為零。而路堤填土因其固有的壓縮徐變性質(zhì)，即使經(jīng)充分壓實也難以避免因土基固結(jié)等因素造成的沉降，需待通車一段較長時間后才能趨于穩(wěn)定。臺后路堤的沉降量主要由天然地基沉降和填土沉降兩部分組成。在路堤自重和車輛垂直荷載及沖擊振動荷載作用下，路基填料逐漸被壓縮，孔隙率降低，密實度逐漸增大，從而在一定期限內(nèi)產(chǎn)生路堤填土沉降。2、排水不暢及填土流失：在橋涵與路堤的連接部位，由于存在縫隙，雨水會沿縫隙滲透，下滲水對橋臺一般不產(chǎn)生破壞作用，但對土類填料易產(chǎn)生浸蝕和軟化，特別對填方體壓實不夠，易產(chǎn)生侵蝕和軟化，降低強度，導(dǎo)致填方體變形。在外部車輛荷載沖擊作用下，必然造成橋頭路基沉陷。3、對橋頭高填土及軟基等處理措施確切：如路基穿越軟土地基或采用高路堤HYPERLINK"/Soft/ShowClass.asp?ClassID=72"方案，勢必存在較大工后沉降；橋涵構(gòu)造物選用樁基或擴大基礎(chǔ)等不同形式，其工后沉降差異很大；對軟土地基路段采用不同的處理方法、對路堤填筑速率和填筑材料的控制不同，其效果也大不一樣；在考慮橋臺結(jié)構(gòu)時，往往忽略橋臺與路堤的恰當(dāng)銜接（即施工和控制中往往存在“橋歸橋，路歸路”現(xiàn)象），在連接部位有的設(shè)計接縫，有的設(shè)計連續(xù)鋪裝，由于路基不均勻沉降的存在，在使用過程中必然形成裂縫。雖然有考慮設(shè)置搭板調(diào)節(jié)連接部位的不均勻沉降，但對承受搭板一端的路堤部位未進行處理，讓搭板一端直接置于一般土基上，從而在那里形成凹陷，以致搭板滑落。再則，設(shè)計對橋臺與路堤相鄰的沉降差考慮較多，而對橋頭竣工后沉降引起的縱坡變化注意不夠，造成橋頭段縱坡不順，在突變點往往形成臺降，以致出現(xiàn)跳車現(xiàn)象。4、施工質(zhì)量控制不嚴(yán):施工工序不符合要求，若臺背填筑速度過快，沉降也較快，對臺背擋土墻等構(gòu)造物的擠壓相對較大。如果臺前護坡或擋墻砌筑不及時，則可能引起土體滑移，影響壓實機械作業(yè)效果，嚴(yán)重時還會危害橋基。臺背填土?xí)r，施工面窄而工期要求又較緊，靠近橋面部分的填土平面形狀不規(guī)則，如果缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)膲簩崣C具，采用人工夯實，則密實度難達要求；即使有壓實機械，由于受地形、便道、作業(yè)面及機械等的限制，橋頭填土壓實密度亦很難達到要求，特別是臺墻后側(cè)及翼墻內(nèi)側(cè)填土，達到壓實密度要求更有一定的難度。沒有嚴(yán)格按“三分法”(分層填筑、分層碾壓、分層檢測)施工，沒有嚴(yán)把填料質(zhì)量關(guān)等也會引起橋頭跳車。二、橋頭跳車病害的防治及質(zhì)量控制：1、合理設(shè)置橋涵構(gòu)造物：設(shè)置橋涵構(gòu)造物應(yīng)允分考慮臺背填方路基的地質(zhì)情況、填方高度、路堤長度、填料來源及路堤沉降等問題,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)臉蚝恢谩⒖鐝郊皹蚺_后部防護工程，盡量避免大河面小跨徑橋涵。2、加固處理臺背填筑前的地基：處理好臺背軟弱地基，是控制橋頭跳車的重要措施。對軟基處理目前國內(nèi)已有不少處理方法，如排水固結(jié)法、換土法、振動碎石樁