地下水修復詳解課件

Groundwaterremediation地下水修復Contents123IntroductionPhysicalRemediationChemicalRemediation4Bioremediation5Combinedremediation6DiscussionandSummary1.IntroductionReasonsforGroundwaterpollutionIndustrialwastewaterdischargedContaminatedsurfacewaterinvadesundergroundaquifer

pollutedwater1.IntroductionComponentsinthepollutedgroundwaterPhenol（酚）

chromium（鉻）

mercury（汞）arsenic（砷）radioactivesubstances（放射性物質）bacteriaandorganicmattersAsyoubrew,somustyoudrinkNOWATER!NOFood!NOLife!1.IntroductionClassificationof

groundwaterremediationtechnologyPhysicalmethodChemicalmethodBiologicalmethod（Bioremediation）Combinedremediationtechnology

Physicalremediation

(物理修復技術)AirSparging(AS)(曝氣修復技術）

ElectrokineticRemediation(ER)(電動修復技術）12SectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderDefinitionAirSparging，AS(曝氣修復技術）Airsparging(AS)isaninnovativegroundwaterremediationtechnologywhichhasbeenfirstlyusedinGermanyinthemiddle1980storemovevolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).(揮發(fā)性有機物）Becauseofitspropertiesofin-situ,efficiencyandeconomy,AShasbecominganimportanttechnologytoremediateorganicpollution.ASsystemDefinitionSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSystemTwoProcesses:Aeration曝氣:Airisinjectedintothesaturatedzonebelowornearacontaminantplume.Masstransfer傳質

:

Astheairrisetothesurface,dissolvedandnonaquousphaseorganicchemicalsvolatilizeintotheairandareremovedfromthegroundwater.（揮發(fā)、遷移擴散、生物降解）HydrogeologicalcharacteristicsofgroundwaterAerationoperatingcharacteristicsaerationpatternsComponentsandnatureofpollutantsSectionheaderSectionheaderAdvantagesSectionheaderSectionheader

AdvantagesandinfluencingfactorssimpleequipmenteasytooperateShorttreatment

timeandhighspeed（1-3years）SmallinvestmentSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderresearchSectionheaderKeytechniqueresearch:ThreeapproachesareemployedintheexistingmodelstopredictthefatesofVOCsinthegasandliquidphasesduringairspargingofgroundwaterinthesaturatezone.

(AS多相流動過程中氣液流動以及污染物傳質過程的模型研究是AS技術的關鍵因素)Models:Lumpedparametermodels（集中參數(shù)模型）multiphasefluidflowmodels（分布式多相流流動模型）ResearchSituationsSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderdefinitionERisanenvironment-friendlyandhighlyefficientin-situtechniquethatmakeuseofelectrokinesistoremovethepollutantsfromthesoilandgroundwater.電動修復技術是利用電動效應將污染物從土壤和地下水中去除的原位修復技術。ElectrokineticRemediation

（電動修復）

BeingusedtoremovetheheavymetalssuchasArsenic(砷）、cadmium（鎘）、chromium（鉻）、mercury（汞）、lead（鉛）.Theremovalefficiency：80%～95%.References[1]FANWei，YANGYuesuo，CHENLi.Progressinairspargingforgroundwaterremediationtechnique[J].Waterresourcesprotection.[2]HULi-ming,LIUYi.Physicalmodelingofair-spargingtechniqueforgroundwaterremediation[J].ChineseJournalofGeotechnicalEngineering.[3]SUNHUI.Technologyofelectrodynamicrenovationofheavy–metalpollutedgroundwater[J].[4]HUHong-tao.ExperimentoncombinedelectrokineticremediationwithPRBofcadmiumcontaminatedgroundwater[J].ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineering.

principle:makeuseofthetechnologyofchemistrytheoryin-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COorganicclaymethodelectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyChemicalremediationtechnology

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COchlorinedioxideoxidationoxidizeorganicpollutants，andnochloroformandorganochlorineyieldFentonagentoxidationworkcooporatingwithhydrogenperoxide，efficientlyandquickly.

potassiumpermanganateoxidation（高錳酸鉀氧化）appliedinawiderangeofpHozone-gasoxidationstrongeroxidbillity，socanoxidizemacromoleculesoforganic

polycyclicmatter.

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-CODiagramofin-situchemicaloxidationDigramofin-situairinjectionmethodOrganicclaytechnologyPrinciple:theclaycontainedinsoilandwatercarrierandsurfactantthatisinjectedinundergroundcancomeintobeingorganicclaymineral,whichcanadsorbandstableorganicpollutants,andwillremovegroundwatercontaminationcoordinatingwithbiodegradation.DigramoforganicclaytechnologyElectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyAnewtechnologymakinguseofthepropertiesofsoilandelectrodnamicsofpollutioncanremedytheenviroment.Principle:insertelectrodesintopollutedwaterandthentheywillgenerateelectricfieldafterchargedelectricity.Electricfieldwilldriveionsandparticlestotheareathattheywillbetreated.Digramofthemechanism

ofelectrodynamicsCharacteristicsofthreekindsofchemicalmethods

技術名稱優(yōu)點缺點原位化學氧化法適用于處理難生物降解的有機污染物；處理時間較短、能耗較低且安裝過程較簡便可能破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境、處理成本較高有機粘土法原理簡單，易操作、成本低、吸附效果好；固定污染物效果明顯；永久消除地下水污染對初期生物降解速率比較緩慢電化學動力修復技術不對當?shù)赝寥澜Y構和地下所處的生態(tài)境產(chǎn)生影響；投資少、效率高；安裝操作容易；不受當?shù)厮牡刭|條件限制適用于污染范圍較小的區(qū)域；對吸附性不強的有機污染物修復效果不會太理想BioremediatiointechnologyPrinciple:Itchangestoxicorganicstonon-toxicorganicsbyorganisms（plants、animalsandprotozoans）culturedornaturally.Themainmethodisin-situbioremediationtechnology.ThetechnologyusuallytreatsthepollutedwaterinzoneofsaturationundergroundAdvantagesinsitumeasurement,lowcostOrganicmatterisdecomposedintocarbondioxideandwater,nosecondarypollution;ThedegradationprocessisquickImpactFactorCarbonandenergysourceMicrobialspeciesLocalmicrobial（土著微生物）、

Foreignmicroorganisms（外來微生物）、

Geneticallyengineeredbacteria（基因工程菌）ElectronacceptorDOisakeyfactorintheinsitubioremediationprocessunderaerobicconditions（好氧條件，DO是關鍵因素）

NutrientsN,P,Sandmetalelements,aminoacids,vitaminsandsoon。營養(yǎng)物質N、P、S和金屬元素，氨基酸、維生素等Environmentalfactorstemperature,pH,salinity,etc環(huán)境因素溫度、PH、鹽度等DiagramofBiologicalinjectionCombinedremediationtechnologyPermeableReactiveBarrier滲透性反應屏修復技術，簡稱PRB技術Pump-and-Treat抽出-處理技術airsparging-soilvaporextraction注氣-土壤氣相抽提技術,簡稱SVE技術PermeableReactiveBarrierThepermeablereactivebarriers(Permeablereactivebarriers,PRB)isafilledwithactivereactionmediumpassivereactionzone,pollutantbyreactionwithmediumadsorptionsedimentationfiltrationdegradationandremovalfromgroundwater.AccordingtostatisticsintheUnitedStatesonlyin200150unitswerebuiltinPRB,Germanyhassetup9PRB.IntheChinesePRBtechnologyresearchhasjuststarted,theoriginalityoftheresearch.PermeableReactiveBarrierTherearepromising,butthedevelopmenttimeisnotlong,technologyisnotmatureenough,processingavarietyofcontaminantsisstillverylimited.Broadapplicationprospects,butsofar,Chinahasyettousethistechniquetoperformon-sitewastewatertreatmentpump-and-treatsystemsToday,pump-and-treatsystemsarenolongerconsideredthebestormostpopularchoiceamonggroundwaterremediationsystemsbecauseofthetimerequiredtoachievecleanupgoalsandtheineffectivenessofthesystemButtheyarestilluseful,especiallyinareaswithsignificantcontamination(Moyersetal.,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)pump-and-treatsystemsPump-and-treatsystemscanbedesignedtomeettwodifferentobjectives:

preventthecontaminantfromspreading

removethecontaminantmass(Suthersan,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)P&T在處理各類污染物應用的頻率P&Tintreatmentoftrichloroethyleneremovalratecanreach90%,significanteffect,iscurrentlythemainmethodoftreatmentoftrichloroethylenesoilvaporextractionSVEtechnologyistheuseofphysicalmethodsforremovingunsaturatedorganiccompoundsinthesoil,vacuumequipmenttogeneratenegativepressuretodriveairtoflowintotheporesofthesoil,thusentrainingVOCflowextractionsystem,extractiontothegroundafterthecollectionandprocessing.Itisanewkindofsoilinsituremediationtechnology,becauseofitspetroleumcontaminatedsoilandgroundwatermanagementeffectivenessandextensivesex,makeitbecomeakindofstandardofenvironmentalremediationtechnologies.soilvaporextractionSVErepaireffectofinfluencingfactorsSoilPermeability土壤的滲透性soilmoistureandgroundwaterdepth土壤濕度及地下水深度soilstructureandstratification土壤結構和分層vaporextractionflowandDarcyvelocity氣相抽提流量和Darcy流速steampressureandtemperature蒸汽壓和環(huán)境溫度張蕾5、DiscussionandSummarysomeheavymetalwillcausephysicaldiseaseMostotherorganicpollutantscancausecancer,teratogenesis,mutation.Urbansewageandwasteleachatecontainaloto